Sectional type conical electric pole centering adjusting device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a segmented conical electric pole centering adjusting device and method, and relates to the technical field of segmented electric pole installation, and the segmented conical electric pole centering adjusting device comprises a five-degree-of-freedom centering adjusting mechanism, an electric pole diameter measuring assembly, a laser positioning assembly and a V-shaped cushion block; the electric pole diameter measuring assembly and the V-shaped cushion block are arranged on the top of the five-degree-of-freedom centering adjusting mechanism. The laser positioning assembly is installed on one side of the V-shaped cushion block. Accurate measurement and positioning are carried out through the electric pole diameter measurement assembly and the laser positioning assembly, fine adjustment is achieved through the five-degree-of-freedom centering adjustment mechanism, butt joint of the two conical electric poles can be strictly controlled on the same axis, the problem that a pole body is inclined after welding is effectively avoided, and the welding precision is improved. The installation perpendicularity and stability of the electric pole are greatly improved, and long-term reliable operation of a power transmission line or other facilities is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of segmented electric pole installation, and in particular to a segmented conical electric pole centering adjustment device and method. Background Art

[0002] In the field of power construction technology, electric poles are divided into two types according to their appearance: tapered poles (codenamed Z) and equal-diameter poles (codenamed D). Among them, tapered poles are of two types: ordinary tapered poles and flanged tapered poles, with a taper of 1:75. Both tapered poles and equal-diameter poles are available in whole poles and assembled poles. The commonly used lengths of assembled poles are 6m and 9m, and they can be combined into different lengths such as 15m and 18m. The connection of segmented ordinary tapered poles is to weld the steel rings at both ends of the pole segment, and the connection of segmented flanged tapered poles is to connect the flanges at both ends of the pole with bolts.

[0003] During the construction process, when connecting segmented ordinary conical poles for welding, the two butted conical poles need to be placed directly on the ground, manually leveled and aligned, and then welded by the welder. The problem with this assembly method is that the conical poles after welding are prone to not being on the same axis. If the deviation is large, the pole body of the conical pole will be skewed. At the same time, the conical pole needs to be flipped during welding, which brings difficulties to the welding quality and process control. This method is even more limited in some special ground conditions such as farmland and mountainous areas. Summary of the invention

[0004] The invention provides a segmented conical pole centering adjustment device and method, which solves the technical problems in the background technology.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a segmented conical pole centering adjustment device and method, comprising a five-degree-of-freedom centering adjustment mechanism, a pole diameter measuring assembly and a V-shaped pad; the V-shaped pad is provided with a V-shaped groove, the taper of the V-shaped groove is the same as the taper of the conical pole and is 1:75; the five-degree-of-freedom centering adjustment mechanism comprises a lifting assembly, a moving assembly, a rotating assembly, a V-shaped block platform and an absolute inclination sensor, the lifting assembly is placed on the ground as a base, the moving assembly is mounted on the lifting assembly, the rotating assembly is mounted on the moving assembly, the V-shaped block platform is mounted on the rotating assembly, the absolute inclination sensor is mounted on the V-shaped block platform, the absolute inclination sensor is used to detect the deflection angle of the V-shaped block platform relative to the horizontal plane, and the V-shaped block platform is adjusted to a horizontal level by the rotating assembly; the pole diameter measuring assembly is arranged on the top of the V-shaped block platform; the V-shaped pad is arranged on the top of the V-shaped block platform, and the conical pole is placed on the V-shaped pad.

[0006] In some embodiments, the conical pole includes a top section pole and a bottom section pole, and the pole length is L; when the pole length L is not greater than 12m, the top section pole and the bottom section pole are both supported by two fulcrums, and the distances between the supporting points and the bottom and top are 0.22L and 0.20L respectively; the height of the V-shaped pad near the top of the conical pole is increased by (L-0.22L-0.20L)×(1 / 150) compared with the V-shaped pad near the bottom; the height of the V-shaped pad near the bottom of the top section pole is increased by (0.22L+0.20L)×(1 / 150) compared with the V-shaped pad near the top of the bottom pole; when the axis of the top section pole is in the same straight line with the axis of the bottom section pole, the bottom surface of the V-shaped pad can be in the same plane.

[0007] In some embodiments, the pole diameter measuring assembly includes a ranging rail, a ranging slider, a ranging limit block, a sensor fixing plate, an infrared receiving plate, and an infrared ranging sensor. The ranging rail is installed on a V-block platform, and the ranging slider is installed on the ranging rail. There are two ranging sliders on one ranging rail. The sensor fixing plate and the infrared receiving plate are respectively fixed on two ranging sliders. The initial positions of the two ranging sliders are located on both sides of the ranging rail. During measurement, the two ranging sliders move along the ranging rail to fit closely to the measured conical pole. The infrared ranging sensor is fixed on the sensor fixing plate, and the distance between the infrared ranging sensor and the plane below the infrared receiving plate is detected, which is the diameter of the conical pole at the measured position.

[0008] In some embodiments, the sensor fixing plate and the upper part of the infrared receiving plate are both in the shape of a triangular prism, and when they are close to the conical pole, one edge of the triangular prism contacts the conical pole to be measured.

[0009] In some embodiments, the ranging limit block is arranged on the V-block platform to prevent the ranging slider from detaching from the ranging guide rail.

[0010] In some embodiments, the adjustment device also includes a laser positioning assembly, which includes a positioning bracket, a laser emitter, a sensor moving guide rail, a sensor moving slider, a sensor base, a PSD position sensor and a sensor limit block. The positioning bracket is placed on the ground and is used to adjust the posture of the laser emitter. The laser emitter is installed on the positioning bracket to generate a laser line. The sensor moving guide rail is fixed on one side of the V-shaped pad, the sensor moving slider is installed on the sensor moving guide rail, the sensor base is installed on the sensor moving slider, the PSD position sensor is fixed on the sensor base, and the sensor moving slider is moved on the sensor moving guide rail. The PSD position sensor can receive different position signals.

[0011] In some embodiments, the sensor limit block is fixed on the V-block platform to prevent the sensor moving slide block from detaching from the sensor moving guide rail.

[0012] The present invention also provides an adjustment method for a segmented conical pole centering adjustment device, which specifically comprises the following steps:

[0013] S1, component installation preparation: first, according to the height of the segmented conical pole, select a V-shaped pad that matches it, install it on the V-shaped block platform of the five-degree-of-freedom centering adjustment mechanism, and then place the five-degree-of-freedom centering adjustment mechanism on the ground;

[0014] S2, layout of key components: carefully install the pole diameter measurement component and laser positioning component on the five-degree-of-freedom centering adjustment mechanism near the bottom of the segmented conical pole. During this process, the positioning bracket and laser transmitter of the laser positioning component need to be accurately placed on one side of the bottom of the bottom pole, ensuring that the height of the laser transmitter is at the same height level as the PSD position sensor on the five-degree-of-freedom centering adjustment mechanism near the bottom of the bottom pole, so as to ensure that the PSD position sensor can effectively receive the laser signal generated by the laser transmitter;

[0015] S3, platform leveling: carefully place the bottom section pole and the top section pole on the corresponding V-shaped pads, accurately detect the deflection angle of the V-shaped block platform relative to the horizontal plane through the absolute inclination sensor, and then use the rotating assembly to make fine adjustments until the V-shaped block platform is adjusted to a horizontal state, providing a stable foundation for subsequent operations;

[0016] S4, laser transmitter calibration: turn on the laser transmitter to emit a laser beam, which will be projected onto the PSD position sensor of the bottom pole. Then, flexibly move the sensor moving slider of the PSD position sensor on the sensor moving guide rail, and finely adjust the position and posture of the positioning bracket by measuring the laser spot position multiple times until the spot is stably located at the center of the PSD position sensor, thus completing the precise position and posture calibration of the laser transmitter.

[0017] S5, pole diameter measurement: carefully move the sensor fixing plate and infrared receiving plate of the pole diameter measuring assembly on both sides of the V-shaped pad of the bottom pole to make them close to the conical pole, use the infrared distance measuring sensor to measure the diameter of the conical pole at the current position, and at the same time, combine the taper information of the conical pole and the distance data between the pole diameter measuring assembly and the conical pole supported by the V-shaped pad on both sides to accurately calculate the conical pole diameter at the conical pole supported by the V-shaped pad on both sides;

[0018] S6, fitting the relationship between the axis of the bottom pole and the V-shaped pad: Based on the obtained diameter of the conical pole at the conical poles supported on both sides of the V-shaped pad and the size parameters of the V-shaped pad, the center line of the bottom surface of the V-shaped pad is used as a reference to fit the relative position relationship between the center axis of the bottom pole and the center line of the bottom surface of the V-shaped pad;

[0019] S7, fitting the relationship between the axis of the bottom pole and the laser line: according to the spot position data formed by the laser line on the PSD position sensor, taking into account the size of the PSD position sensor and its installation position information, the relative position relationship between the laser line and the center line of the bottom surface of the V-shaped pad is fitted, and then based on this, the relative position relationship between the center axis of the bottom pole and the laser line is established;

[0020] S8, the axes of the top section pole and the bottom section pole coincide with each other: according to the fitting method used above, the relative position relationship between the laser line and the central axis of the top section pole is accurately fitted, and based on the established relative position relationship between the laser line and the central axis of the bottom section pole, the relative position relationship between the central axis of the bottom section pole and the central axis of the top section pole is further established, and finally, the five-degree-of-freedom centering adjustment mechanism at the top section pole is adjusted to make the central axis of the top section pole perfectly coincide with the central axis of the bottom pole, thereby completing the entire centering adjustment process.

[0021] In some embodiments, two sets of five-degree-of-freedom centering adjustment mechanisms are used to support a conical pole, and the two sets of mechanisms can achieve synchronous adjustment operations to better center the conical pole.

[0022] Compared with the related art, the segmented conical pole centering adjustment device and method provided by the present invention has the following advantages:

[0023] Beneficial effects:

[0024] The present invention provides a segmented conical pole centering adjustment device and method, which performs precise measurement and positioning through a pole diameter measurement component and a laser positioning component, and uses a five-degree-of-freedom centering adjustment mechanism to achieve fine adjustment, so that the docking of two sections of conical poles can be strictly controlled on the same axis, effectively avoiding the problem of skewed pole body after welding, greatly improving the installation verticality and stability of the pole, and ensuring the long-term reliable operation of transmission lines or other facilities. In addition, the pole diameter measurement component and the laser positioning component work together to provide accurate data support for precise centering. The infrared ranging sensor can accurately measure the pole diameter and calculate the diameter value of the key position in combination with the taper information; the laser positioning component uses a high-precision laser transmitter and a PSD position sensor to accurately determine the relative position relationship between the laser line and the pole, and then establishes a precise axis correspondence between the two sections of the pole, ensuring that the centering accuracy before welding reaches the millimeter level or even higher, far exceeding the accuracy limit of traditional manual operation.

[0025] The present invention provides a segmented conical pole centering adjustment device and method to reduce labor intensity and improve construction safety. The traditional manual leveling, alignment and flipping of poles are labor-intensive, and workers work in bad postures for a long time, which can easily cause physical fatigue and injury. The device of the present invention realizes automated and mechanized operation, and workers only need to monitor the operation of the equipment and operate the control system, which greatly reduces labor intensity and reduces safety risks caused by high-intensity physical labor. Accurate centering and stable pole support reduce the risk of collapse caused by shaking and tilting of poles during construction, ensure the safety of personnel and equipment on the construction site, and create a safer environment for construction.

[0026] The present invention provides a segmented conical pole centering adjustment device and method. Under special ground conditions such as farmland and mountainous areas, the traditional method is difficult to achieve effective centering due to uneven ground. The centering device of the present invention can ensure smooth pole centering operations by relying on the adaptive adjustment capability of the lifting components to the ground height difference and the stable operation characteristics of each component under rugged terrain. Whether it is soft farmland soil or steep mountainous areas, it can provide reliable support and precise centering for the poles, greatly expanding the geographical scope of pole construction and enabling the construction of infrastructure such as electricity and communications to penetrate into more complex areas. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the five-degree-of-freedom centering adjustment mechanism and the V-shaped pad of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the position of the V-shaped pad of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the mobile component of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rotating assembly of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the electric pole diameter measuring assembly and the laser positioning assembly of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the pole diameter measuring assembly and part of the laser positioning assembly of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the measurement accuracy error of the adjustment platform inclination sensor of the present invention;

[0035] Fig. 9It is a schematic diagram of the accuracy error of the laser measuring instrument of the present invention;

[0036] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of manufacturing error of a V-shaped pad of the present invention;

[0037] Fig.11 A schematic diagram of a standard for measuring the parallelism error of a V-groove to a bottom surface of the present invention;

[0038] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the parallelism error of the V-shaped groove to the bottom surface of the present invention;

[0039] Fig.13 A schematic diagram of a standard for measuring the verticality error of a V-groove to an end surface of the present invention;

[0040] Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of the perpendicularity error of the V-shaped groove to the end surface of the present invention;

[0041] Fig.15 It is a schematic diagram of the allowable deviation of the outer diameter of the pole of the present invention.

[0042] Numbers in the figure: 1. Five-degree-of-freedom centering adjustment mechanism; 2. Pole diameter measurement assembly; 3. Laser positioning assembly; 4. V-shaped pad; 11. Lifting assembly; 12. Moving assembly; 13. Rotating assembly; 14. V-shaped block platform; 15. Absolute inclination sensor; 21. Distance measuring guide rail; 22. Distance measuring slider; 23. Distance measuring limit block; 24. Sensor fixing plate; 25. Infrared receiving board; 26. Infrared distance measuring sensor; 31. Positioning bracket; 32. Laser transmitter; 33. Sensor moving guide rail; 34. Sensor moving slider; 35. Sensor base; 36. PSD position sensor; 37. Sensor limit block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] Example 1

[0044] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment includes a five-degree-of-freedom centering adjustment mechanism 1, a pole diameter measuring component 2, a laser positioning component 3 and a V-shaped pad 4.

[0045] like Figure 2As shown, the five-degree-of-freedom centering adjustment mechanism 1 includes a lifting component 11, a moving component 12, a rotating component 13, a V-block platform 14 and an absolute tilt sensor 15. The lifting component 11 is placed on the ground as a base, the moving component 12 is mounted on the lifting component 11, the rotating component 13 is mounted on the moving component 12, the V-block platform 14 is mounted on the rotating component 13, and the absolute tilt sensor 15 is mounted on the V-block platform 14. The lifting component 11 adjusts the V-block platform 14 to translate in the z-axis direction, the moving component 12 adjusts the V-block platform 14 to translate in the x-axis and y-axis directions, the rotating component 13 adjusts the V-block platform 14 to rotate around the y-axis and z-axis, and the absolute tilt sensor 15 is used to detect the deflection angle of the V-block platform 14 relative to the horizontal plane, and the V-block platform 14 is adjusted to be horizontal by the rotating component 13.

[0046] like Figure 2 As shown, the design of the V-type pad 4 refers to the IV-type V-type block (with a tapered V-shaped groove) in JB / T8047-2007 "V-type block (frame)", and the taper of the V-type pad 4 is the same as the taper of the tapered pole, which is 1:75. One side of the V-type pad 4 is used to place the laser positioning component 3, and the verticality of the placement surface and the symmetry surface of the V-type pad 4 is strictly required.

[0047] like Figure 3 As shown, according to GB4623-2014 "Ring Concrete Pole", when the length of the conical pole is less than or equal to 12m, two supporting points are used for support, and the distances between the supporting points and the bottom and the top are 0.22L and 0.20L respectively, L is the height of a section of the conical pole, and V-shaped pads 4 of different heights are placed on the V-shaped block platforms 14 of the two sets of five-degree-of-freedom centering adjustment mechanisms 1 to support a conical pole for synchronous adjustment. The height of the V-shaped pad 4 near the top of the conical pole is increased by (L-0.22L-0.20L)×(1 / 150) compared with the V-shaped pad 4 near the bottom, and the height of the V-shaped pad 4 near the bottom of the top section pole 6 is increased by (0.20L+0.22L)×(1 / 150) compared with the V-shaped pad 4 near the top of the bottom section pole 5. When the axis of the top section pole 6 and the axis of the bottom end pole 5 are in the same straight line, the bottom surface of the V-shaped pad 4 can be in the same plane.

[0048] like Figure 4As shown, the pole diameter measuring assembly 2 includes a distance measuring guide rail 21, a distance measuring slider 22, a distance measuring limit block 23, a sensor fixing plate 24, an infrared receiving plate 25, and an infrared distance measuring sensor 26. The ranging guide rail 21 is installed on the V-block platform 14, the ranging slider 22 is installed on the ranging guide rail 21, the sensor fixing plate 24 and the infrared receiving plate 25 are respectively fixed on the two ranging sliders 22, the initial positions of the two ranging sliders 22 are located on both sides of the ranging guide rail 21, and the two ranging sliders move along the ranging guide rail 21 to be close to the measured conical pole during measurement. The sensor fixing plate 24 and the infrared receiving plate 25 are both in the shape of a triangular prism. When they are close to the conical pole, one edge of the triangular prism contacts the measured conical pole, which can avoid being affected by the width of the sensor fixing plate 24 and the infrared receiving plate 25 during measurement. The infrared ranging sensor 26 is fixed on the sensor fixing plate 24 to detect the distance between the infrared ranging sensor and the plane below the infrared receiving plate 25, which is the diameter of the conical pole at the measured position. The ranging limit block 23 is installed on the V-block platform 14 to prevent the ranging slider 22 from detaching from the ranging guide rail 21.

[0049] like Figure 5 As shown, the laser positioning assembly 3 includes a positioning bracket 31, a laser emitter 32, a sensor moving guide rail 33, a sensor moving slider 34, a sensor base 35, a PSD position sensor 36, and a sensor stop block 37. The positioning bracket 31 is placed on the ground and is used to adjust the position of the laser emitter 32. The laser emitter 32 is mounted on the positioning bracket 31 to generate a laser line. The sensor moving guide rail 33 is fixed on one side of the V-shaped pad 4. The sensor moving slider 34 is mounted on the sensor moving guide rail 33. The sensor base 35 is mounted on the sensor moving slider 34. The PSD position sensor 36 is fixed on the sensor base 35. The sensor moving slider 34 is moved on the sensor moving guide rail 33, and the PSD position sensor 36 can receive different position signals. The sensor stop block 37 is fixed on the V-shaped block platform 14 to prevent the sensor moving slider 34 from detaching from the sensor moving guide rail 33.

[0050] Example 2

[0051] This embodiment also provides an adjustment method for a segmented conical pole centering adjustment device, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0052] S1, component installation preparation:

[0053] First, according to the height of the segmented conical pole, a V-shaped pad 4 matching the height is selected and installed on the V-shaped block platform 14 of the five-degree-of-freedom centering adjustment mechanism 1, and then the five-degree-of-freedom centering adjustment mechanism 1 is placed on the ground;

[0054] S2, key component layout:

[0055] Install the pole diameter measuring assembly 2 and the laser positioning assembly 3 on the five-degree-of-freedom centering adjustment mechanism 1 near the bottom of the segmented conical pole. During this process, the positioning bracket 31 and the laser transmitter 32 of the laser positioning assembly 3 need to be placed on one side of the bottom of the bottom section pole to ensure that the height of the laser transmitter 32 is at the same height level as the PSD position sensor 36 on the five-degree-of-freedom centering adjustment mechanism 1 near the bottom of the bottom section pole, thereby ensuring that the PSD position sensor 36 can receive the laser signal generated by the laser transmitter 32;

[0056] S3, platform leveling:

[0057] The bottom section pole and the top section pole are placed on the corresponding V-shaped pads 4 respectively, and the deflection angle of the V-shaped block platform 14 relative to the horizontal plane is accurately detected by the absolute inclination sensor 15, and then the rotating assembly 13 is used to make fine adjustments until the V-shaped block platform 14 is adjusted to a horizontal state, providing a stable foundation for subsequent operations;

[0058] S4, laser transmitter 32 calibration:

[0059] Turn on the laser transmitter 32 to emit a laser beam, which will be projected onto the PSD position sensor 36 of the bottom pole. Then, move the sensor moving slider 34 of the PSD position sensor 36 on the sensor moving guide rail 33, and adjust the position and posture of the positioning bracket 31 by measuring the laser spot position multiple times until the spot is stably located at the center of the PSD position sensor 36, thus completing the position and posture calibration of the laser transmitter 32.

[0060] S5, pole diameter measurement:

[0061] Move the sensor fixing plate 24 and the infrared receiving plate 25 of the pole diameter measuring assembly 2 on both sides of the V-shaped pad 4 of the bottom pole so that they are closely attached to the conical pole, and use the infrared ranging sensor 26 to measure the diameter of the conical pole at the current position. At the same time, combine the taper information of the conical pole and the distance data between the pole diameter measuring assembly 2 and the conical pole supported by the V-shaped pad 4 on both sides to calculate the conical pole diameter at the conical pole supported by the V-shaped pad 4 on both sides;

[0062] S6, fitting of the relationship between the bottom pole axis and the V-shaped pad:

[0063] According to the obtained diameter of the conical pole at the conical pole supported by the V-shaped pad 4 on both sides and the size parameters of the V-shaped pad 4, the relative position relationship between the central axis of the bottom pole and the center line of the bottom surface of the V-shaped pad 4 is obtained by fitting, taking the center line of the bottom surface of the V-shaped pad 4 as a reference;

[0064] S7, fitting of the relationship between the bottom pole axis and the laser line:

[0065] According to the spot position data formed by the laser line on the PSD position sensor 36, and taking into account the size of the PSD position sensor 36 and its installation position information, the relative position relationship between the laser line and the center line of the bottom surface of the V-shaped pad 4 is fitted, and then based on this, the relative position relationship between the center axis of the bottom section pole and the laser line is established;

[0066] S8, the axis of the top section pole coincides with the axis of the bottom section pole:

[0067] According to the fitting method used above, the relative position relationship between the laser line and the central axis of the top section pole is accurately fitted, and based on the established relative position relationship between the laser line and the central axis of the bottom section pole, the relative position relationship between the central axis of the bottom section pole and the central axis of the top section pole is further established. Finally, the five-degree-of-freedom centering adjustment mechanism 1 at the top section pole is adjusted to make the central axis of the top section pole coincide with the central axis of the bottom end pole, thereby completing the entire centering adjustment process.

[0068] Among them, for a conical pole, two sets of five-degree-of-freedom centering adjustment mechanisms will be used to support it, and these two sets of mechanisms can realize synchronous adjustment operations to better adjust the center of the conical pole.

[0069] This embodiment is not only applicable to the centering of two-section conical poles, but also applicable to the centering of three-section poles.

[0070] Working principle:

[0071] 1. Five-degree-of-freedom centering adjustment control:

[0072] The PID (proportional-integral-differential) closed-loop control algorithm is used to control the lifting component 11, the mobile component 12 and the rotating component 13. Taking the feedback data of the absolute tilt sensor 15 as an example, when the deflection angle deviation of the V-block platform 14 relative to the horizontal plane is detected, the PID controller calculates the adjustment required for the rotating component 13 according to the preset proportional, integral and differential parameters, drives the motor to rotate accurately, adjusts the platform to the horizontal, and continuously performs feedback correction to ensure that the platform always remains within the horizontal accuracy range. Similarly, for the x-axis and y-axis translation of the mobile component 12 and the z-axis translation of the lifting component 11, high-precision positioning control is achieved by using the PID algorithm through feedback from the corresponding position sensors.

[0073] 2. Laser positioning and pole diameter measurement data processing:

[0074] In the laser positioning assembly 3, after the laser spot position data collected by the PSD position sensor 36 is transmitted to the PLC, it is first filtered to remove noise interference, and the mean filtering method is used to average the 10 continuously collected spot position data as valid data. Then, according to the size parameters of the V-shaped pad 4 and the installation position parameters of the laser transmitter 32 stored in the PLC in advance, the precise relative position relationship between the laser line and the center line of the bottom surface of the V-shaped pad 4 is calculated by fitting the trigonometric function relationship.

[0075] For the pole diameter measuring component 2, the diameter data measured by the infrared ranging sensor 26 is also transmitted to the PLC. Combined with the taper information of the conical pole and the stored distance data between the pole diameter measuring component 2 and the supporting points on both sides of the V-shaped pad 4, the diameter of the conical pole at the supports on both sides of the V-shaped pad 4 is accurately calculated through a geometric algorithm and updated in real time on the human-computer interaction interface, providing an accurate basis for subsequent centering adjustments.

[0076] 3. Measurement accuracy analysis:

[0077] The main error sources of the laser measurement solution are: the measurement accuracy of the absolute inclination sensor 15 of the adjustment platform, the measurement accuracy of the laser positioning component 3, the manufacturing error of the V-type pad 4 and the allowable deviation of the outer diameter of the pole.

[0078] 1. Adjust the measurement accuracy of the platform absolute inclination sensor 15 to 0.002°

[0079] like Figure 8 As shown, based on the maximum length of the prestressed concrete pole L = 9000mm and the distance between the pole's center of gravity and the top being 0.6L-500mm, the maximum leveling error d1 of the adjustment platform is:

[0080] d1=(0.6L-500)*sin(0.002°)=0.171mm.

[0081] 2. The measurement accuracy of the laser positioning component is within the range of 20m, the accuracy is ±0.2mm, and the moving distance of the sensor fixing plate 24 on the V-shaped pad 4 is 1000mm.

[0082] like Fig. 9 As shown, with the maximum measurement error of ±0.2mm between the laser and the PSD detection board, the maximum error angle α2 between the laser line fitted by the coordinate detected by the sensor fixing plate 24 and the horizontal reference when the sensor fixing plate 24 detects at both ends of the V-shaped pad 4 is calculated as follows:

[0083] α2=arctan(0.4 / 1000)=0.0229°.

[0084] The maximum length of the prestressed concrete pole is L = 9000mm, and the distance between the pole center of gravity and the top is 0.6L-500mm. The maximum error value d2 between the axis of the concrete pole and the horizontal reference is adjusted according to the laser line fitted by the laser transmitter 32 and the PSD position sensor 36.

[0085] d2=(0.6L-500)*sin(α2)=1.9584mm.

[0086] 3. Manufacturing error of V-type pad 4

[0087] The manufacturing error of the V-type pad 4 will affect the measurement reference axis of the V-type pad 4. The inspection standards in JB / T8047-2007 "V-type block (frame)" include: working surface flatness, V-type groove parallelism to the bottom surface, V-type groove parallelism to the side surface, V-type groove symmetry to the two side surfaces, and V-type groove perpendicularity to the end surface. Considering that the vertical axis deviation caused by the manufacturing error of the V-type pad 4 is the maximum error, the error calculation is performed for the following inspections that affect the vertical axis deviation:

[0088] (1) Flatness of working surface;

[0089] (2) Parallelism of the V-groove to the bottom surface;

[0090] (3) The perpendicularity of the V-groove to the end face.

[0091] Through the manufacturing investigation of V-type pad 4, it was found that the flatness of the working surface, the parallelism of the V-shaped groove to the bottom surface, and the perpendicularity of the V-shaped groove to the end surface can all be guaranteed within 0.05mm. Therefore, the flatness of the working surface, the parallelism of the V-shaped groove to the bottom surface, and the perpendicularity of the V-shaped groove to the end surface are all selected as 0.05mm for the manufacturing error analysis of V-type pad 4.

[0092] (1) Working surface flatness

[0093] The flatness of the working surface affects the vertical axis deviation of the pole, such as Fig.10 As shown in the figure, the vertical axis deviation d31 of the pole on the V-shaped pad 4 caused by the flatness of the working surface is

[0094] d31=0.05 / cos(30°)=0.0577mm.

[0095] (2) Parallelism of the V-groove to the bottom surface

[0096] According to JB / T8047-2007 "V-type block (frame)", if Fig.11As shown in the figure, the parallelism of the V-shaped groove to the bottom surface refers to placing the V-shaped pad 4 with a cylindrical test rod in the V-shaped groove on a flat plate, and using the measuring head of a micrometer with a graduation value of 0.001mm to contact the highest points of the generatrix at both ends of the cylindrical test rod, and reading the difference between the two readings. The difference in the readings is converted according to S = (L*m) / l, which is equivalent to the parallelism error on the length of the V-shaped frame.

[0097] Among them, S represents the parallelism error of the bottom surface of the V-groove; L represents the length of the V-block; l represents the distance between the two measuring points on the cylindrical inspection rod; and m represents the difference between the readings of the two measuring points.

[0098] Therefore, the vertical axis deviation d32 of the pole on the V-shaped pad 4 caused by the parallelism of the V-shaped groove to the bottom surface is 0.05 mm.

[0099] (3) Verticality of V-groove to end surface

[0100] According to JB / T8047-2007 "V-type block (frame)", if Fig.13 As shown, the verticality of the V-groove to the end face means fixing the cylindrical inspection rod in the V-groove, placing the end face of the V-shaped pad 4 on the inspection plate, fixing the micrometer frame and the cylindrical inspection rod on the plate, and moving them along the axis of the cylindrical inspection rod. The maximum absolute value on the micrometer is the verticality error.

[0101] Therefore, the vertical axis deviation d33 of the pole on the V-shaped pad 4 caused by the perpendicularity of the V-shaped groove to the end surface is 0.05 mm.

[0102] Based on the maximum length of the prestressed concrete pole L = 9000mm and the distance between the pole's center of gravity and the top being 0.6L-500mm, the total deviation of the pole axis caused by the manufacturing error of the V-type pad 4 is d3.

[0103] d3=[(d31+d32+d33) / 900)]*(0.6L-500)=0.8586mm.

[0104] 4. Allowable deviation of the outer diameter of the pole

[0105] like Fig.15 As shown, considering that the allowable deviation of the outer diameter of the pole is -2mm / +4mm, assuming that the outer diameter deviation of the bottom of the pole is -2mm and the outer diameter deviation of the top is +4mm, the total axis deviation d4 caused by the allowable deviation of the outer diameter of the pole is 3mm.

[0106] Total measurement error: According to the analysis of the four main error sources, the maximum measurement error of the laser measurement solution is d,

[0107] d=d1+d2+d3+d4=5.988mm.

[0108] According to GB4623-2014 "Ring-shaped Concrete Pole", the allowable deviation of the size of the assembled pole end is -10 to 10 mm. From the above measurement accuracy analysis, it can be seen that the total measurement error is 5.988 mm, which is within the allowable size deviation range and meets the national standard requirements. The segmented conical pole centering adjustment device and method provided by the present invention are reliable.

Claims

1. A segmented conical pole centering adjustment device, characterized in that: It includes a five-degree-of-freedom centering adjustment mechanism, a pole diameter measuring assembly and a V-shaped pad; The V-shaped pad is provided with a V-shaped groove, and the taper of the V-shaped groove is the same as the taper of the tapered pole and is 1:75; The five-degree-of-freedom centering adjustment mechanism comprises a lifting assembly, a moving assembly, a rotating assembly, a V-block platform and an absolute inclination sensor, wherein the lifting assembly is placed on the ground as a base, the moving assembly is mounted on the lifting assembly, the rotating assembly is mounted on the moving assembly, the V-block platform is mounted on the rotating assembly, and the absolute inclination sensor is mounted on the V-block platform, and the absolute inclination sensor is used to detect the deflection angle of the V-block platform relative to the horizontal plane, and the V-block platform is adjusted to the horizontal through the rotating assembly; The pole diameter measuring assembly is arranged on the top of the V-block platform; The V-shaped pad is arranged on the top of the V-shaped block platform, and the conical pole is placed on the V-shaped pad.

2. A segmented conical pole centering adjustment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conical pole includes a top section pole and a bottom section pole, and the pole length is L; when the pole length L is not greater than 12m, the top section pole and the bottom section pole are both supported by two supporting points, and the distances between the supporting points and the bottom and the top are 0.22L and 0.20L respectively; the height of the V-shaped pad near the top of the conical pole is increased by (L-0.22L-0.20L)×(1 / 150) compared with the V-shaped pad near the bottom; the height of the V-shaped pad near the bottom of the top section pole is increased by (0.22L+0.20L)×(1 / 150) compared with the V-shaped pad near the top of the bottom pole; when the axis of the top section pole is in the same straight line with the axis of the bottom section pole, the bottom surface of the V-shaped pad can be in the same plane.

3. The segmented conical pole centering adjustment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pole diameter measuring assembly includes a ranging rail, a ranging slider, a ranging limit block, a sensor fixing plate, an infrared receiving plate, and an infrared ranging sensor. The ranging rail is installed on a V-block platform, and the ranging slider is installed on the ranging rail. There are two ranging sliders on one ranging rail. The sensor fixing plate and the infrared receiving plate are respectively fixed on two ranging sliders. The initial positions of the two ranging sliders are located on both sides of the ranging rail. During measurement, the two ranging sliders move along the ranging rail to fit closely to the measured conical pole. The infrared ranging sensor is fixed on the sensor fixing plate. The distance between the infrared ranging sensor and the plane below the infrared receiving plate is detected, which is the diameter of the conical pole at the measured position.

4. A segmented conical pole centering adjustment device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sensor fixing plate and the upper part of the infrared receiving plate are both in the shape of a triangular prism. When they are close to the conical pole, one edge of the triangular prism contacts the conical pole to be measured.

5. The segmented conical pole centering adjustment device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The distance measuring limit block is arranged on the V-shaped block platform to prevent the distance measuring slide block from being separated from the distance measuring guide rail.

6. The segmented conical pole centering adjustment device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The adjustment device also includes a laser positioning component, which includes a positioning bracket, a laser emitter, a sensor moving guide rail, a sensor moving slider, a sensor base, a PSD position sensor and a sensor limit block; the positioning bracket is placed on the ground and is used to adjust the position of the laser emitter; the laser emitter is installed on the positioning bracket to generate a laser line; the sensor moving guide rail is fixed to one side of the V-shaped pad, the sensor moving slider is installed on the sensor moving guide rail, the sensor base is installed on the sensor moving slider, and the PSD position sensor is fixed on the sensor base; by moving the sensor moving slider on the sensor moving guide rail, the PSD position sensor can receive different position signals.

7. A segmented conical pole centering adjustment device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The sensor limit block is fixed on the V-block platform to prevent the sensor moving slide block from detaching from the sensor moving guide rail.

8. A method for adjusting using the segmented conical pole centering adjustment device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The specific steps include: S1, component installation preparation: Firstly, according to the height of the segmented conical pole, a matching V-shaped pad is selected and installed on the V-shaped block platform of the five-degree-of-freedom centering adjustment mechanism, and then the five-degree-of-freedom centering adjustment mechanism is placed on the ground; S2, key component layout: Install the pole diameter measurement component and the laser positioning component on the five-degree-of-freedom centering adjustment mechanism near the bottom of the segmented conical pole. During this process, the positioning bracket and the laser transmitter of the laser positioning component need to be placed on one side of the bottom of the bottom pole to ensure that the height of the laser transmitter is at the same height level as the PSD position sensor on the five-degree-of-freedom centering adjustment mechanism near the bottom of the bottom pole, so as to ensure that the PSD position sensor can receive the laser signal generated by the laser transmitter; S3, platform leveling: Place the bottom section pole and the top section pole on the corresponding V-shaped pads respectively, accurately detect the deflection angle of the V-shaped block platform relative to the horizontal plane through the absolute inclination sensor, and then use the rotating assembly to make fine adjustments until the V-shaped block platform is adjusted to a horizontal state, providing a stable foundation for subsequent operations; S4, laser transmitter calibration: Turn on the laser transmitter to emit a laser beam, which will be projected onto the PSD position sensor of the bottom pole. Then, move the sensor moving slider of the PSD position sensor on the sensor moving guide rail. By measuring the laser spot position multiple times, adjust the position and posture of the positioning bracket until the spot is stably located at the center of the PSD position sensor, completing the position and posture calibration of the laser transmitter. S5, pole diameter measurement: Move the sensor fixing plate and infrared receiving plate of the pole diameter measuring assembly on both sides of the V-shaped pad of the bottom pole to make them close to the conical pole, use the infrared distance measuring sensor to measure the diameter of the conical pole at the current position, and at the same time, combine the taper information of the conical pole and the distance data between the pole diameter measuring assembly and the conical pole supported on both sides of the V-shaped pad to calculate the conical pole diameter at the conical pole supported on both sides of the V-shaped pad; S6, fitting of the relationship between the bottom pole axis and the V-shaped pad: According to the obtained diameter of the conical pole where the conical pole is supported on both sides of the V-shaped pad and the size parameters of the V-shaped pad, the relative position relationship between the central axis of the bottom section of the pole and the center line of the bottom surface of the V-shaped pad is obtained by fitting with the center line of the bottom surface of the V-shaped pad as the reference; S7, fitting of the relationship between the bottom pole axis and the laser line: According to the spot position data formed by the laser line on the PSD position sensor, and considering the size of the PSD position sensor and its installation position information, the relative position relationship between the laser line and the center line of the bottom surface of the V-shaped pad is fitted, and then based on this, the relative position relationship between the center axis of the bottom section pole and the laser line is established; S8, the axis of the top section pole coincides with the axis of the bottom section pole: According to the fitting method used above, the relative position relationship between the laser line and the central axis of the top section pole is accurately fitted. Based on the established relative position relationship between the laser line and the central axis of the bottom section pole, the relative position relationship between the central axis of the bottom section pole and the central axis of the top section pole is further established. Finally, the five-degree-of-freedom centering adjustment mechanism at the top section pole is adjusted to make the central axis of the top section pole coincide with the central axis of the bottom pole, thereby completing the entire centering adjustment process.

9. The method for adjusting the segmented conical pole centering adjustment device according to claim 8, characterized in that: In the step S1, two sets of five-degree-of-freedom centering adjustment mechanisms are used to support a conical pole, and the two sets of mechanisms can realize synchronous adjustment operations to better center the conical pole.

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