Flexible bolting assembly system for blind cavities and narrow cavities of aero-engines based on multiple models

Abstract

The invention relates to a multi-model-based flexible bolting assembly system for blind cavities and narrow cavities of aero-engines, and belongs to the technical field of aero-engine assembly.The multi-model-based flexible bolting assembly system comprises a displacement mechanism adopting a bionic flexible mechanical arm structure and used for position movement of a tightening mechanism; the tightening mechanism is of a multi-layer telescopic structure, can transversely translate and stretch out and draw back, and is used for tightening blind cavities with different diameters; and the steering mechanism is arranged between the displacement mechanism and the tightening mechanism and is used for steering the tightening mechanism. And the nut filling mechanism is used for storing and supplying the nuts to the tightening mechanism. According to the invention, a complicated manual tightening process is replaced by machinery, and the assembly efficiency and accuracy of the blind cavity and the narrow cavity are effectively improved. Meanwhile, for blind cavities with different sizes, different lengths can be adjusted through cooperation of the gear and the rack.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of aircraft engine assembly, and in particular relates to a flexible bolted assembly system based on multiple models of aircraft engine blind cavities and narrow cavities. Background Art

[0002] As the core power source of modern aircraft, the performance, stability and safety of aircraft engines are directly related to the success of flight missions. Aircraft engines are composed of multiple precision components. When assembling these components, a large number of bolts and fasteners are needed to fix them, especially in hard-to-reach parts such as blind cavities and narrow cavities. Blind cavities refer to spaces without open openings and cannot be directly entered, while narrow cavities refer to areas with extremely limited space. By setting blind cavities or narrow cavities in certain parts of the engine, the use of materials can be reduced without affecting strength and function, thereby reducing overall quality, improving fuel efficiency and aircraft performance. Blind cavities and narrow cavities can also change stress distribution, optimize the stress state of components, and ensure that the engine still has sufficient strength under high temperature and high pressure environments. However, when bolts are assembled in these areas, operators cannot directly see the assembly status, and the docking of bolts and nuts is usually not accurately aligned, and assembly errors are difficult to avoid. Traditional assembly tools often have difficulty entering these narrow spaces, resulting in inconvenient operation and difficulty in ensuring accuracy. In addition, there are often environmental factors such as vibration, heat and pressure in the narrow cavity area, which further increases the difficulty of assembly.

[0003] Existing assembly methods mostly use manual operation or traditional mechanical assembly tools, but in complex blind cavity and narrow cavity environments, these methods have problems such as imprecise operation, long assembly cycle, and high labor intensity, and cannot meet the requirements of high-precision and high-efficiency assembly of aircraft engines. In order to overcome the shortcomings of traditional assembly methods, in recent years, some automated assembly technologies have been proposed for the assembly problems of blind cavities and narrow cavities in aircraft engines, including the use of robotic arms, ultrasonic guidance, and visual recognition systems. However, current automated assembly systems usually rely on large robotic arms or high-precision visual positioning systems, which are costly and complex in structure, and are difficult to apply to aircraft engine assembly tasks that require miniaturization and flexible operation. Secondly, existing assembly tools and robotic arms are difficult to operate in some narrow spaces, resulting in inflexible and inefficient assembly operations.

[0004] The nut storage box is a specialized storage device for intelligent manufacturing and industrial maintenance scenarios. It adopts modular architecture and intelligent IoT technology to achieve efficient classification, precise positioning and full life cycle management of nuts. Currently, there is no corresponding nut storage mechanism in the existing bolt tightening mechanism to achieve efficient bolting work. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a flexible bolting assembly system for blind cavities and narrow cavities of aircraft engines based on multiple models, which replaces the complicated manual tightening process with machinery, effectively improving the assembly efficiency and accuracy of blind cavities and narrow cavities. At the same time, for blind cavities of different sizes, different lengths can be adjusted by gear rack matching.

[0006] Based on multiple models of aircraft engine blind cavity narrow cavity flexible bolting assembly system, including:

[0007] The displacement mechanism adopts a bionic flexible mechanical arm structure to move the position of the tightening mechanism;

[0008] The tightening mechanism has a multi-layer telescopic structure, which can be laterally translated and retracted, and is used for tightening blind cavities with different diameters;

[0009] The steering mechanism is arranged between the displacement mechanism and the tightening mechanism and is used for steering the tightening mechanism.

[0010] The tightening mechanism includes a tightening base and a tightening motor installed on the tightening base. The tightening motor is connected to the multi-stage telescopic structure through a transmission mechanism. The tightening mechanism is connected to the end of the multi-stage telescopic structure to achieve translation of the tightening mechanism.

[0011] The multi-stage telescopic structure comprises a first transmission gear, a second transmission gear, a third transmission gear, a first transmission rack, a second transmission rack, a third transmission rack, a second-stage telescopic fork, and a third-stage telescopic fork. The first transmission gear is connected to the output end of the tightening motor, and the first transmission gear is meshed with the second transmission gear installed on the tightening base; at the same time, the second transmission gear is meshed with the second transmission rack installed on the second-stage telescopic fork;

[0012] The second-stage telescopic fork is sleeved with a third transmission gear, and the first transmission rack installed on the tightening base is meshed with the third transmission gear installed on the second-stage telescopic fork; at the same time, the third transmission gear installed on the second-stage telescopic fork is meshed with the third transmission rack installed on the third-stage telescopic fork;

[0013] The tightening base is provided with a sliding guide rail, and the third-stage telescopic fork is installed on the guide rail and can translate along the guide rail.

[0014] The third-stage telescopic fork is provided with a hexagonal groove for placing the nut to be tightened.

[0015] The displacement mechanism is a bionic flexible mechanical arm.

[0016] The steering mechanism includes a steering control motor, a torque transmission device and a steering wheel. The steering wheel is connected to the output end of the steering control motor, and the steering control motor is fixed to the end of the displacement mechanism; the torque transmission device is fixed to the steering wheel, and the tightening mechanism is installed on the torque transmission device. The torque transmission device is used to realize the rotation of the tightening mechanism.

[0017] A nut filling mechanism is also included for storing and supplying nuts to the tightening mechanism.

[0018] The nut filling mechanism includes a vibration motor, a pulse electromagnet, a nut storage box and a spiral vibration disk. The nut storage box is fixedly installed on the steering mechanism. The spiral vibration disk is fixedly installed obliquely at the lower outlet of the nut storage box. The outlet of the spiral vibration disk is aligned with the hexagonal slot of the tightening mechanism. The pulse electromagnet is electrically connected to the vibration motor, and the vibration motor is used to power the pulse electromagnet.

[0019] The inner surface of the nut storage box is coated with an anti-static insulation coating to prevent friction static electricity.

[0020] The surface of the spiral track of the spiral vibration disk is covered with a polyurethane anti-skid coating, and the spiral track is a directional guide groove with a spiral pitch angle of 5°.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0022] 1. The device is displaced by a flexible robotic arm and precisely positioned by controlling hydraulic pressure.

[0023] 2. This device is used for tightening bolts in blind and narrow cavities. The tightening mechanism is flexible and retractable and can be adjusted according to cavities of different widths.

[0024] 3. The nut filling mechanism in the device arranges the nuts by vibration so that the nuts can be conveyed one by one.

[0025] 4. The hexagonal groove on the third-stage telescopic fork in the device provided by the present invention is magnetic and can attract the nut. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 The overall structure of the flexible bolted assembly system for blind and narrow cavities of multiple models of aircraft engines provided by the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 1 ;

[0027] Figure 2 The overall structure of the flexible bolted assembly system for blind and narrow cavities of multiple models of aircraft engines provided by the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 2 ;

[0028] Figure 3A schematic diagram of a tightening mechanism in a blind cavity narrow cavity flexible bolted assembly system for multiple models of aircraft engines provided by the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a nut filling mechanism in a flexible bolted assembly system for blind and narrow cavities of multiple models of aircraft engines provided by the present invention;

[0030] in,

[0031] 1-tightening mechanism, 2-displacement mechanism, 3-steering mechanism, 4-nut filling mechanism, 5-control box, 11-tightening motor, 12-tightening base, 131-first transmission gear, 132-second transmission gear, 133-third transmission gear, 141-first transmission rack, 142-second transmission rack, 143-third transmission rack, 152-second-stage telescopic fork, 153-third-stage telescopic fork, 311-steering control motor, 312-torque transmission device, 313-steering wheel, 411-vibration motor, 412-pulse electromagnet, 413-nut storage box, 414-spiral vibration plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to better explain the present invention and facilitate understanding, the technical solutions and effects of the present invention are described in detail below through specific implementation modes in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0033] Combined with Figure 1-4 As shown, a flexible bolted assembly system for blind and narrow cavities of aircraft engines of multiple models includes a displacement mechanism 2, a steering mechanism 3 and a tightening mechanism 1 connected in sequence, and also includes a nut filling mechanism 4 for providing nuts for the tightening mechanism 1.

[0034] The tightening mechanism 1 is a multi-stage telescopic structure, including a tightening motor 11, a tightening base 12, a first transmission gear 131, a second transmission gear 132, a third transmission gear 133, a first transmission rack 141, a second transmission rack 142, a third transmission rack 143, a second-stage telescopic fork 152, and a third-stage telescopic fork 153.

[0035] In the tightening mechanism 1, the first transmission gear 131 is connected to the output end of the tightening motor 11, and the tightening motor 11 is mounted on the tightening base 12. The first transmission gear 131 is meshed with the second transmission gear 132 mounted on the tightening base 12; at the same time, the second transmission gear 132 is meshed with the second transmission rack 142 mounted on the second-stage telescopic fork 152. The rotation of the tightening motor 11 drives the first transmission gear 131 to rotate, and the meshing of the first transmission gear 131 and the second transmission gear 132 drives the second transmission gear 132 to rotate. Since the second transmission gear 132 is meshed with the second transmission rack 142, the second transmission rack 142 is driven to translate synchronously together with the second-stage telescopic fork 152 (translate outward, extend outward relative to the tightening mechanism 1 itself). The second-stage telescopic fork 152 is provided with a third transmission gear 133 through a bearing sleeve, and the first transmission rack 141 installed on the tightening base 12 is meshed with the third transmission gear 133 installed on the second-stage telescopic fork 152; at the same time, the third transmission gear 133 installed on the second-stage telescopic fork 152 is meshed with the third transmission rack 143 installed on the third-stage telescopic fork 153. The third-stage telescopic fork 153 is provided with a hexagonal groove to place the nut to be tightened. The tightening base 12 is provided with a sliding guide rail, and the third-stage telescopic fork 153 is installed on the guide rail and can translate along the guide rail. During the outward translation of the second-stage telescopic fork 152, the third transmission gear 133 sleeved thereon rotates due to the meshing with the first transmission rack 141, so that due to the meshing of the third transmission gear 133 and the third transmission rack 143, the third transmission rack 143 and the third-stage telescopic fork 153 are driven to translate outward synchronously, so as to move to the bolt to be tightened to complete the tightening work. The tightening mechanism 1 of the present invention can adjust the telescopic length so as to adapt to blind cavities of different diameters.

[0036] The steering mechanism 3 includes a steering control motor 311, a torque transmission device 312 and a steering wheel 313. The steering wheel 313 is connected to the output end of the steering control motor 311. The steering control motor 311 is mounted and fixed to the end of the displacement mechanism 2. The torque transmission device 312 is mounted and fixed on the steering wheel 313. The tightening mechanism 1 is mounted on the torque transmission device 312. The torque transmission device 312 is used to realize the rotation of the tightening mechanism 1.

[0037] When the tightening mechanism 1 and the steering mechanism 3 are used to tighten the bolts, the steering control motor 311 controls the steering wheel 313 to rotate, and the steering wheel 313 is equipped with a torque transmission device 312. The torque transmission device 312 drives the tightening mechanism 1 to rotate to position the bolts; then the bolts are tightened through the hexagonal groove on the third-stage telescopic fork 153; the steering wheel 313 drives the torque transmission device 312 and the tightening mechanism 1 to complete the bolt tightening.

[0038] The displacement mechanism 2 adopts a bionic flexible mechanical arm, which uses a soft structure to avoid hard collision with obstacles and is suitable for narrow or uncertain environments. The bionic flexible mechanical arm can achieve complex movements such as bending and twisting through segmented control, and the number of degrees of freedom exceeds that of traditional mechanical arms.

[0039] The nut filling mechanism 4 includes a vibration motor 411, a pulse electromagnet 412, a nut storage box 413 and a spiral vibration disk 414. The nut storage box 413 is used to store the nuts to be screened and is fixedly installed with the torque transmission device 312; the inner surface of the nut storage box 413 is coated with an anti-static insulation coating to prevent friction static electricity. The spiral vibration disk 414 is fixedly installed obliquely at the lower outlet of the nut storage box 413, and is used to transport the nuts along the spiral track by vibration; the spiral track surface of the spiral vibration disk 414 is covered with a polyurethane anti-slip coating, and the spiral track is a directional guide groove with a spiral rise angle of 5° to adapt to the initial screening posture correction of nuts of different sizes. The outlet of the spiral vibration disk 414 is aligned with the hexagonal slot of the tightening mechanism 1. The pulse electromagnet 412 is electrically connected to the vibration motor 411, and the vibration motor 411 is used to power the pulse electromagnet 412. Its output end is integrated with a phase correction module and an overload protection relay to supply a 0-24V pulse width modulation power supply to the pulse electromagnet 412. The pulse electromagnet 412 is installed in the nut storage box 413, and is used to drive the spiral vibration disk 414 to vibrate, so that the nuts move along a predetermined path in the spiral vibration disk 414. Axial intermittent magnetostrictive vibration is generated through a high-frequency modulation circuit, the vibration frequency is adjustable from 50 to 200 Hz, and the amplitude accuracy is controlled to ±0.05 mm, so that multi-layer stacked nuts can be separated step by step and transported in a single row in a directional manner in the spiral track.

[0040] The flexible bolted assembly system for blind and narrow cavities of multiple models of aircraft engines also includes a control box 5, and the tightening mechanism 1, the displacement machine 2, and the steering mechanism 3 are electrically connected to the control box 5 to control the movement through the control system thereof.

[0041] The working process of the above-mentioned flexible bolted assembly system based on multiple models of aircraft engines with blind and narrow cavities is as follows:

[0042] The control box 5 sends a work instruction to the displacement mechanism 2, and the tightening mechanism 1 is driven by hydraulic pressure to reach the designated position to be bolted. The nuts are poured into the nut storage box 413, and the vibration motor 411 is started, which drives the pulse electromagnet 412 to move. Since the inner side of the spiral track is provided with a directional guide groove with a spiral angle of 5°, the nut storage box 413 vibrates in the vertical direction, and the nuts enter the inclined spiral vibration disk 414 to adjust their positions, and then are output one by one. After reaching the tightening mechanism 1, the tightening motor 11 starts to drive the first transmission gear 131 to rotate, the first transmission gear 131 drives the second transmission gear 132 to rotate, and the second transmission gear 132 drives the second transmission rack 142 to translate outward. Since the second transmission rack 142 is embedded with the second-stage telescopic fork 152, the second-stage telescopic fork 152 translates outward synchronously. Since the second-stage telescopic fork 152 is sleeved with a third transmission gear 133, one side of the third transmission gear 133 is meshed with the first transmission rack 141 embedded on the tightening base 12, and the other side is simultaneously meshed with the third-stage telescopic fork 153 embedded in the third-stage telescopic fork 153. When the second-stage telescopic fork 152 translates outward, the third transmission gear 133 is driven to rotate, and then the third transmission rack 143 drives the third-stage telescopic fork 153 to translate outward synchronously. When the whole is extended to the position of the bolt to be tightened, the hexagonal groove on the third-stage telescopic fork 153 is aligned with the bottom of the bolt to be tightened, and the displacement mechanism 2 is started, driving the overall tightening mechanism 1 to move upward; then the steering control motor 311 is started, so that the steering wheel 313 drives the torque transmission device 312 to rotate, and then the torque transmission device 312 rotates, driving the tightening mechanism 1 to rotate, and completing the tightening work.

Claims

1. Based on the flexible bolted assembly system of multiple models of aircraft engine blind cavity and narrow cavity, it is characterized by: include: The displacement mechanism (2) adopts a bionic flexible mechanical arm structure and is used to move the position of the tightening mechanism (1); The tightening mechanism (1) has a multi-layer telescopic structure and can be laterally translated and telescoped, and is used for tightening blind cavities with different diameters; The steering mechanism (3) is arranged between the displacement mechanism (2) and the tightening mechanism (1) and is used for steering the tightening mechanism (1).

2. The flexible bolted assembly system for blind and narrow cavities of multiple models of aircraft engines according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The tightening mechanism (1) comprises a tightening base (12) and a tightening motor (11) mounted on the tightening base (12); the tightening motor is connected to a multi-stage telescopic structure via a transmission mechanism; the tightening mechanism (1) is connected to the end of the multi-stage telescopic structure to achieve translation of the tightening mechanism (1).

3. The multi-model aircraft engine blind cavity narrow cavity flexible bolt assembly system according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The multi-stage telescopic structure comprises a first transmission gear (131), a second transmission gear (132), a third transmission gear (133), a first transmission rack (141), a second transmission rack (142), a third transmission rack (143), a second-stage telescopic fork (152), and a third-stage telescopic fork (153); the first transmission gear (131) is connected to the output end of the tightening motor (11); the first transmission gear (131) is meshed with a second transmission gear (132) mounted on the tightening base (12); and at the same time, the second transmission gear (132) is meshed with a second transmission rack (142) mounted on the second-stage telescopic fork (152); A third transmission gear (133) is sleeved on the second-stage telescopic fork (152); a first transmission rack (141) mounted on the tightening base (12) meshes with the third transmission gear (133) mounted on the second-stage telescopic fork (152); and at the same time, the third transmission gear (133) mounted on the second-stage telescopic fork (152) meshes with the third transmission rack (143) mounted on the third-stage telescopic fork (153); The tightening base (12) is provided with a sliding guide rail, and the third-stage telescopic fork (153) is mounted on the guide rail and can translate along the guide rail.

4. The flexible bolted assembly system for blind and narrow cavities of multiple models of aircraft engines according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The third-stage telescopic fork (153) is provided with a hexagonal groove for accommodating a nut to be tightened.

5. The multi-model aircraft engine blind cavity narrow cavity flexible bolt assembly system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The displacement mechanism (2) is a bionic flexible mechanical arm.

6. The multi-model aircraft engine blind cavity narrow cavity flexible bolt assembly system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The steering mechanism (3) comprises a steering control motor (311), a torque transmission device (312) and a steering wheel (313); the steering wheel (313) is connected to the output end of the steering control motor (311); and the steering control motor (311) is mounted and fixed on the end of the displacement mechanism (2); The torque transmission device (312) is mounted and fixed on the steering wheel (313), the tightening mechanism (1) is mounted on the torque transmission device (312), and the torque transmission device (312) is used to realize the rotation of the tightening mechanism (1).

7. The multi-model aircraft engine blind cavity narrow cavity flexible bolt assembly system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: It also comprises a nut filling mechanism (4) for storing and supplying nuts to the tightening mechanism (1).

8. The multi-model aircraft engine blind cavity narrow cavity flexible bolt assembly system according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The nut filling mechanism (4) comprises a vibration motor (411), a pulse electromagnet (412), a nut storage box (413) and a spiral vibration disk (414); the nut storage box (413) is fixedly mounted on the steering mechanism (3); the spiral vibration disk (414) is fixedly mounted obliquely at the lower outlet of the nut storage box (413); the outlet of the spiral vibration disk (414) is aligned with the hexagonal slot of the tightening mechanism (1); the pulse electromagnet (412) is electrically connected to the vibration motor (411); and the vibration motor (411) is used to supply power to the pulse electromagnet (412).

9. The multi-model aircraft engine blind cavity narrow cavity flexible bolt assembly system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The inner surface of the nut storage box (413) is coated with an anti-static insulation coating to prevent friction static electricity.

10. The multi-model aircraft engine blind cavity narrow cavity flexible bolt assembly system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The surface of the spiral track of the spiral vibration disk (414) is covered with a polyurethane anti-slip coating, and the spiral track is a directional guide groove with a spiral pitch angle of 5°.

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