Special glass fiber cloth and preparation process thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses special glass fiber cloth and a preparation process thereof, relates to the technical field of special materials, and solves the problems that the special glass fiber cloth in the prior art is easy to break or damage when being stressed or used, the material performance is difficult to meet the requirements of some special working environments, and the service life is limited. The glass fiber cloth comprises a corrosion-resistant protective surface layer, a fiber reinforced layer, a flame-retardant insulating layer, a bonding matrix layer and a stable bottom layer which are sequentially connected from outside to inside; the preparation process comprises the following steps: S100, fiber pretreatment; s200, forming a fiber reinforced layer; s300, preparing a corrosion-resistant protective surface layer; s400, preparing a flame-retardant insulating layer; s500, composite treatment of a stable bottom layer; s600, coating of the bonding base body layer is carried out; s700, laminating and curing are carried out; and S800, post-treatment is carried out. The special glass fiber cloth material composition and the production and preparation process thereof have the characteristic that the glass fiber cloth is not easy to break.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of special materials, in particular to a special glass fiber cloth and a preparation process thereof. Background Art

[0002] Special glass fiber cloth is a new type of inorganic non-metallic material with unique properties. It combines many excellent properties such as high temperature resistance, good electrical insulation, high light transmittance, chemical corrosion resistance, non-adhesiveness, UV protection, and anti-static. This material has a wide range of industrial applications, such as aerospace, construction, electronics, petrochemicals, etc., and can meet the needs of different industries for high-performance materials.

[0003] Special glass fiber cloth can remain stable under extreme climatic conditions. Its temperature resistance range is usually between -196 degrees Celsius and 300 degrees Celsius, and it can adapt to various harsh environments. This material has stable chemical properties and can withstand corrosion from strong acids, strong alkalis, aqua regia and various organic solvents, and can withstand the effects of drugs. Due to its low friction coefficient, this material can achieve good lubrication without lubricants during use. Special glass fiber cloth has a high light transmittance and can meet the light transmittance requirements of certain specific application scenarios. At the same time, it has high mechanical strength and is not easy to break, making it suitable for strengthening and reinforcing structures.

[0004] Although existing special glass fiber cloth has high mechanical strength, it still has a certain degree of brittleness and is easily broken or damaged when subjected to force or in use. The material properties are difficult to meet the requirements of some special working environments and the service life is limited. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the problems in the prior art that special glass fiber cloth is easily broken or damaged when subjected to force or in use, the material performance is difficult to meet the requirements of some special working environments, and the service life is limited, the present invention provides a special glass fiber cloth and a preparation process thereof.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] A special glass fiber cloth, comprising a corrosion-resistant protective surface layer, a fiber reinforcement layer, a flame-retardant insulating layer, a bonding matrix layer and a stabilizing bottom layer which are sequentially connected from outside to inside;

[0008] The corrosion-resistant protective surface layer is coated on the surface of the glass fiber cloth by a sol-gel method to isolate the corrosive medium and enhance the surface hardness and wear resistance;

[0009] The fiber reinforcement layer is orthogonally woven with high-silica glass fiber and carbon fiber and is hot-pressed to provide improved strength, fatigue resistance and dimensional stability.

[0010] The flame retardant insulation layer is formed by alternately laying fire retardant resin prepreg and glass fiber cloth and vacuum bagging and curing to provide flame retardant, electrical insulation and heat insulation properties;

[0011] The bonding matrix layer is formed by impregnating fibers with modified epoxy resin or polyimide resin and thermally curing to form a continuous matrix for bonding adjacent layers, transferring stress and improving high temperature resistance;

[0012] The stable bottom layer is formed by mixing quartz fibers and aramid fibers to suppress thermal expansion and ensure dimensional stability.

[0013] Furthermore, the composition of the corrosion-resistant protective surface layer includes the following components by weight: 6-8 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene, 2-3 parts of boron nitride nano-coating and 1-2 parts of silicon carbide micropowder;

[0014] Among them, the polytetrafluoroethylene is used for spraying to form a continuous film layer, which is resistant to acid and alkali corrosion; the boron nano-coating is used for spraying through the sol-gel method to enhance the thermal conductivity and insulation properties; the silicon carbide micropowder is used for embedding into the corrosion-resistant protective surface layer through the sol-gel method to enhance the wear resistance.

[0015] Furthermore, the fiber reinforced layer comprises the following components in parts by weight:

[0016] 20-25 parts of high silica glass fiber, 8-10 parts of carbon fiber, 10-12 parts of quartz fiber, 15-18 parts of polyimide resin, 5-7 parts of modified epoxy resin, 1-2 parts of zirconium oxide fiber, and 2-3 parts of silane coupling agent.

[0017] Further, the flame retardant insulating layer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-12 parts of modified epoxy resin, 5-6 parts of aluminum hydroxide powder and 3-4 parts of high silica glass fiber chopped yarn;

[0018] Wherein, the oxygen index of the modified epoxy resin is ≥30%.

[0019] Furthermore, the composition of the bonding matrix layer includes the following ingredients in parts by weight: 5-6 parts of polyimide resin, 3-4 parts of modified epoxy resin and 2-3 parts of ceramic nanoparticles.

[0020] Furthermore, the composition of the stable bottom layer includes the following components by weight: 4-5 parts of aramid fiber, 5-6 parts of quartz fiber, and 3-4 parts of nano-alumina sol;

[0021] Among them, the thermal expansion coefficient of quartz fiber is ≤3×10 -6 / ℃.

[0022] A special glass fiber cloth preparation process comprises the following steps:

[0023] S100, fiber pretreatment, cleaning and chemical modification of the fiber surface to enhance the bonding strength with the resin matrix;

[0024] S200, fiber reinforcement layer molding, compounding orthogonal woven fiber cloth with resin prepreg to form a high-strength skeleton;

[0025] S300, preparation of corrosion-resistant protective surface layer, forming a composite protective coating on the surface of the fiber reinforcement layer by spraying or sol-gel method;

[0026] S400, preparation of flame-retardant insulation layer, compounding fire-retardant resin with chopped fibers, and achieving flame-retardant function through compression molding;

[0027] S500, stable bottom composite treatment, mixing aramid and quartz fibers, and coating the surface with nano-alumina sol;

[0028] S600, bonding base layer coating, coating high adhesive resin between the flame retardant insulation layer and the stable bottom layer to ensure interlayer bonding strength;

[0029] S700, lamination and curing, laminating and curing multiple layers of materials and then hot pressing and curing them to form an integral structure;

[0030] S800, post-processing, annealing and surface finishing of glass fiber cloth to eliminate residual stress and improve performance.

[0031] Furthermore, the fiber pretreatment method in S100 specifically includes:

[0032] S101, use high silica glass fiber, soak it in 5-10% dilute hydrochloric acid solution at 40-50℃ for 30-60 minutes to remove surface impurities, then rinse it with deionized water with conductivity ≤5μS / cm until it is neutral, and dry it at 80-100℃ for 2-4 hours;

[0033] S102, using plasma method to treat carbon fiber, in Ar atmosphere, power 300-500W, treatment time 5-10 minutes, surface energy increased to 50-60mN / m, then spraying the carbon fiber surface with silane coupling agent, drying at 60-80℃ for 1-2 hours.

[0034] Furthermore, the method for forming the fiber reinforced layer in S200 specifically includes:

[0035] S201, fiber weaving, using high silica glass fiber warp direction, and carbon fiber weft direction arranged in an orthogonal direction, weaving density 8-10 strands / cm, using CNC multi-axial loom for weaving, tension control 50-70N / bundle;

[0036] S202, resin impregnation, using polyimide resin prepreg, resin viscosity 300-500mPa·s, fiber impregnation time 5-10 minutes, resin content controlled at 35-40%, then pressurized impregnation, remove bubbles at 0.3-0.5MPa pressure, pre-curing at 60-80℃ for 30-60 minutes.

[0037] Furthermore, the method for preparing the corrosion-resistant protective surface layer in S300 specifically includes:

[0038] S301, polytetrafluoroethylene coating spraying, using a high-pressure airless sprayer, nozzle diameter 0.3-0.5mm, using a polytetrafluoroethylene suspension with a solid content of 40-50%, spraying pressure 0.4-0.6MPa, coating thickness 50-80μm, 150-180℃ pre-curing for 10-15 minutes;

[0039] S302, preparation of boron nitride composite coating, using sol-gel method to disperse boron nitride nanosheets and silicon carbide powder in ethanol at a mass ratio of 3:1, ultrasonic vibration for 30 minutes, wherein the particle size of boron nitride nanosheets is 50-100nm, and the particle size of silicon carbide powder is 1-2μm, and then the immersion pulling method is used, the pulling speed is 10-20mm / s, the coating thickness is 20-30μm, and the fiber reinforcement layer is coated after heat treatment at 250-300℃ for 1-2 hours.

[0040] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0041] The special glass fiber cloth of the present invention adopts high-silica glass fiber and carbon fiber orthogonally woven, and the fiber reinforcement layer formed by hot pressing provides high strength, fatigue resistance and dimensional stability. This solves the problem that ordinary glass fiber cloth is easily deformed or damaged when subjected to force, and improves the overall performance and service life of the material; the special glass fiber cloth also uses the sol-gel method to coat the surface of the glass fiber cloth with a corrosion-resistant protective surface layer, effectively isolates the corrosive medium, and enhances the surface hardness and wear resistance, thereby solving the problem that the glass fiber cloth is easily damaged in a corrosive environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the preparation process of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments.

[0044] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0045] The present invention is a special glass fiber cloth, comprising a corrosion-resistant protective surface layer, a fiber reinforcement layer, a flame-retardant insulating layer, a bonding matrix layer and a stabilizing bottom layer which are sequentially connected and arranged from the outside to the inside;

[0046] The corrosion-resistant protective surface layer is coated on the surface of the glass fiber cloth by a sol-gel method to isolate the corrosive medium and enhance the surface hardness and wear resistance;

[0047] The fiber reinforcement layer is orthogonally woven with high-silica glass fiber and carbon fiber and is hot-pressed to provide improved strength, fatigue resistance and dimensional stability.

[0048] The flame retardant insulation layer is formed by alternately laying fire retardant resin prepreg and glass fiber cloth and vacuum bagging and curing to provide flame retardant, electrical insulation and heat insulation properties;

[0049] The bonding matrix layer is formed by impregnating fibers with modified epoxy resin or polyimide resin and thermally curing to form a continuous matrix for bonding adjacent layers, transferring stress and improving high temperature resistance;

[0050] The stable bottom layer is formed by mixing quartz fibers and aramid fibers to suppress thermal expansion and ensure dimensional stability.

[0051] Preferably, the composition of the corrosion-resistant protective surface layer includes the following components by weight: 6-8 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene, 2-3 parts of boron nitride nano-coating and 1-2 parts of silicon carbide micropowder;

[0052] Among them, the polytetrafluoroethylene is used for spraying to form a continuous film layer, which is resistant to acid and alkali corrosion; the boron nano-coating is used for spraying through the sol-gel method to enhance the thermal conductivity and insulation properties; the silicon carbide micropowder is used for embedding into the corrosion-resistant protective surface layer through the sol-gel method to enhance the wear resistance.

[0053] Preferably, the fiber reinforced layer comprises the following components in parts by weight:

[0054] 20-25 parts of high silica glass fiber, 8-10 parts of carbon fiber, 10-12 parts of quartz fiber, 15-18 parts of polyimide resin, 5-7 parts of modified epoxy resin, 1-2 parts of zirconium oxide fiber, and 2-3 parts of silane coupling agent.

[0055] Preferably, the flame retardant insulating layer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-12 parts of modified epoxy resin, 5-6 parts of aluminum hydroxide powder and 3-4 parts of high silica glass fiber chopped yarn;

[0056] Wherein, the oxygen index of the modified epoxy resin is ≥30%.

[0057] Preferably, the bonding matrix layer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-6 parts of polyimide resin, 3-4 parts of modified epoxy resin and 2-3 parts of ceramic nanoparticles.

[0058] Preferably, the composition of the stabilizing bottom layer includes the following components by weight: 4-5 parts of aramid fiber, 5-6 parts of quartz fiber, and 3-4 parts of nano-alumina sol;

[0059] Among them, the thermal expansion coefficient of quartz fiber is ≤3×10 -6 / ℃.

[0060] The following examples 1-3 are examples of some specific implementations of the special glass fiber cloth of the present invention:

[0061] Example 1

[0062] Based on the above basic technical solution, in this embodiment, the specific composition and content of the glass fiber cloth are as follows:

[0063] Corrosion-resistant protective surface layer: 6 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene, 2 parts of boron nitride nano-coating, 1 part of silicon carbide micropowder. Fiber reinforcement layer: 20 parts of high-silica glass fiber, 8 parts of carbon fiber, 15 parts of polyimide resin. Flame-retardant insulation layer: 10 parts of modified epoxy resin, 5 parts of aluminum hydroxide powder. Stable bottom layer: 4 parts of aramid fiber, 5 parts of quartz fiber.

[0064] This embodiment optimizes corrosion resistance by forming a thin layer (50μm) of 6 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene to cover the surface. Although it is resistant to acid and alkali, it has weak wear resistance. 1 part of silicon carbide micropowder is embedded through sol-gel to increase the surface hardness to HV0.5GPa. This embodiment also optimizes mechanical strength and lightweight. Through orthogonal weaving of 20 parts of high-silica glass fiber and 8 parts of carbon fiber, the tensile strength reaches 1.2GPa and the density is 1.8g / cm 3 , meeting the requirements of light weight and high strength. In addition, the glass fiber cloth has higher flame retardant efficiency, reduces the combustion rate through the decomposition and absorption of heat by 5 parts of aluminum hydroxide, and the oxygen index is ≥30%.

[0065] Example 2

[0066] Based on the above basic technical scheme, in this embodiment, the specific composition and content of the glass fiber cloth are as follows: Corrosion-resistant protective surface layer: 7 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene, 2.5 parts of boron nitride nano-coating, 1.5 parts of silicon carbide micropowder. Fiber reinforcement layer: 22 parts of high-silica glass fiber, 9 parts of carbon fiber, 16 parts of polyimide resin. Flame-retardant insulation layer: 11 parts of modified epoxy resin, 5.5 parts of aluminum hydroxide powder. Stable bottom layer: 4.5 parts of aramid fiber, 5.5 parts of quartz fiber.

[0067] Based on the above composition, the comprehensive performance of the special glass fiber cloth in this embodiment is more balanced. Through the synergistic effect of 7 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene and 1.5 parts of silicon carbide powder, the wear resistance is improved to HV 0.8GPa, while maintaining resistance to hydrochloric acid (10% concentration) immersion for 72 hours without corrosion; in addition, fatigue resistance is also enhanced. By impregnating the fiber reinforcement layer with 16 parts of polyimide resin, the bending fatigue life reaches 10 -6 times (load 50MPa).

[0068] Example 3

[0069] Based on the above basic technical scheme, in this embodiment, the specific composition and content of the glass fiber cloth are as follows: Corrosion-resistant protective surface layer: 8 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene, 3 parts of boron nitride nano-coating, 2 parts of silicon carbide micropowder. Fiber reinforcement layer: 25 parts of high-silica glass fiber, 10 parts of carbon fiber, 18 parts of polyimide resin. Flame-retardant insulation layer: 12 parts of modified epoxy resin, 6 parts of aluminum hydroxide powder. Stable bottom layer: 5 parts of aramid fiber, 6 parts of quartz fiber.

[0070] Based on the above composition, the extreme environmental tolerance of the glass fiber cloth of this embodiment has been enhanced. Through the 8-part polytetrafluoroethylene coating with a thickness of 80μm, it can withstand immersion in 98% sulfuric acid (50°C) for 48 hours without damage; the thermal conductivity of 3 parts of boron nitride is increased to 15W / (m·K), and the insulation strength is ≥30kV / mm. The strength has been improved, and the tensile strength of the fiber reinforcement layer has reached 1.8GPa, and the impact toughness of 10 parts of carbon fiber has been increased to 120kJ / m 2 The flame retardant limit is higher, and the flame retardant layer has a limiting oxygen index of ≥35% through 6 parts of aluminum hydroxide.

[0071] The above embodiments 1-3 are the specific components and content compositions of the special glass fiber cloth of the present invention. The specific composition settings can be selected and set according to the specific needs of the glass fiber cloth material.

[0072] Please refer to Figure 1 , is a special glass fiber cloth preparation process of the present invention, comprising the following steps:

[0073] S100, fiber pretreatment, cleaning and chemically modifying the fiber surface to improve the bonding strength with the resin matrix; preferably, the fiber pretreatment method in S100 specifically includes:

[0074] S101, use high silica glass fiber, soak it in 5-10% dilute hydrochloric acid solution at 40-50℃ for 30-60 minutes to remove surface impurities, then rinse it with deionized water with conductivity ≤5μS / cm until it is neutral, and dry it at 80-100℃ for 2-4 hours;

[0075] S102, using plasma method to treat carbon fiber, in Ar atmosphere, power 300-500W, treatment time 5-10 minutes, surface energy increased to 50-60mN / m, then spraying the carbon fiber surface with silane coupling agent, drying at 60-80℃ for 1-2 hours.

[0076] S200, forming a fiber reinforcement layer, compounding the orthogonal woven fiber cloth with the resin prepreg to form a high-strength skeleton; preferably, the method for forming the fiber reinforcement layer in S200 specifically includes:

[0077] S201, fiber weaving, using high silica glass fiber warp direction, and carbon fiber weft direction arranged in an orthogonal direction, weaving density 8-10 strands / cm, using CNC multi-axial loom for weaving, tension control 50-70N / bundle;

[0078] S202, resin impregnation, using polyimide resin prepreg, resin viscosity 300-500mPa·s, fiber impregnation time 5-10 minutes, resin content controlled at 35-40%, then pressurized impregnation, remove bubbles at 0.3-0.5MPa pressure, pre-curing at 60-80℃ for 30-60 minutes.

[0079] S300, preparing a corrosion-resistant protective surface layer, forming a composite protective coating on the surface of the fiber reinforcement layer by spraying or sol-gel method; preferably, the method for preparing the corrosion-resistant protective surface layer in S300 specifically includes:

[0080] S301, polytetrafluoroethylene coating spraying, using a high-pressure airless sprayer, nozzle diameter 0.3-0.5mm, using a polytetrafluoroethylene suspension with a solid content of 40-50%, spraying pressure 0.4-0.6MPa, coating thickness 50-80μm, 150-180℃ pre-curing for 10-15 minutes;

[0081] S302, preparation of boron nitride composite coating, using sol-gel method to disperse boron nitride nanosheets and silicon carbide powder in ethanol at a mass ratio of 3:1, ultrasonic vibration for 30 minutes, wherein the particle size of boron nitride nanosheets is 50-100nm, and the particle size of silicon carbide powder is 1-2μm, and then the immersion pulling method is used, the pulling speed is 10-20mm / s, the coating thickness is 20-30μm, and the fiber reinforcement layer is coated after heat treatment at 250-300℃ for 1-2 hours.

[0082] S400, preparation of flame retardant insulation layer, compounding fire retardant resin with short-cut fibers, and realizing flame retardant function through compression molding; Resin mixing: Modified epoxy resin (EP) and aluminum hydroxide powder (particle size 5-10μm) are mixed in a mass ratio of 4:1, 1-2% defoamer is added, and high-speed disperser (speed 1000-1500rpm) is stirred for 20-30 minutes. Lamination molding: Short-cut high-silica fibers (length 3-5mm) are randomly spread on the resin surface (density 200-300g / m 2 ). Molding parameters: temperature 80-100℃, pressure 1-2MPa, holding time 20-30 minutes, curing degree ≥85%.

[0083] S500, stable bottom composite treatment, aramid and quartz fiber mixed, surface coated with nano alumina sol; fiber mixing: aramid (warp) and quartz fiber (weft) in a 2:1 ratio plain weave, density 6-8 strands / cm. Nano alumina coating: sol concentration 10-15wt% Al 2 O 3 Sol, immersion time 2-5 minutes, sintering at 500-600℃ for 1-2 hours, coating thickness 10-15μm.

[0084] S600, bonding base layer coating, coating high adhesive resin between the flame retardant insulation layer and the stable bottom layer to ensure interlayer bonding strength;

[0085] S700, lamination and curing, stacking multiple layers of materials and then hot pressing and curing to form an integral structure; hot pressing curing adopts step-by-step temperature increase, in the order of 80℃ (1h), 120℃ (1h), 180℃ (2h), 250℃ (1h), temperature and time, pressure is controlled at 2-4MPa, vacuum degree ≤100Pa, and bubbles between layers are eliminated.

[0086] S800, post-processing, annealing and surface finishing of glass fiber cloth to eliminate residual stress and improve performance. High temperature annealing temperature 400-450℃, holding time 2-3 hours, inert gas (N 2 ) protection, cooling rate ≤5℃ / min; surface polishing: diamond belt polishing (grain size 800-1200 mesh), surface roughness Ra ≤0.8μm.

[0087] The following examples 4-6 are examples of some specific implementation methods of the method for preparing special glass fiber cloth of the present invention:

[0088] Example 4

[0089] In this embodiment, the fiber pretreatment hydrochloric acid concentration is 5%, the immersion time is 30 minutes; the plasma power is 300W, and the treatment time is 5 minutes. The fiber reinforcement layer has a weaving density of 8 strands / cm, an immersion time of 5 minutes, and a precuring temperature of 60°C. The surface layer is sprayed with PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) at a spraying pressure of 0.4MPa and a coating thickness of 50μm.

[0090] Based on the above preparation process, in this embodiment, the fiber bonding force of the glass fiber cloth is improved, the plasma treatment (300W / 5 minutes) makes the carbon fiber surface energy reach 50mN / m, and the resin impregnation is improved by 20%. The production efficiency is optimized, the low weaving density (8 strands / cm) and the short impregnation time (5 minutes) reduce the energy consumption, the resin content is 35%, the mechanical strength is 1.0GPa, and the cost is lower.

[0091] Example 5

[0092] In this embodiment, the fiber pretreatment hydrochloric acid concentration is 7.5%, the immersion time is 45 minutes; the plasma power is 400W, and the treatment time is 7.5 minutes. The fiber reinforcement layer has a weaving density of 9 strands / cm, an immersion time of 7.5 minutes, and a precuring temperature of 70°C. The surface layer is sprayed with PTFE at a spraying pressure of 0.5MPa, and the coating thickness is 65μm.

[0093] Based on the above preparation process, the glass fiber cloth of this embodiment has better uniformity control, plasma treatment (400W / 7.5 minutes) makes the fiber surface activated evenly, and the shear strength of the resin matrix is ​​increased to 45MPa (15% higher than that of Example 4). The impregnation depth is also better optimized, and the impregnation time of 7.5 minutes makes the resin penetration depth reach the center of the fiber bundle, and the porosity is ≤1%.

[0094] Example 6

[0095] In this embodiment, the fiber pretreatment hydrochloric acid concentration is 10%, the immersion time is 60 minutes; the plasma power is 500W, and the treatment time is 10 minutes. The fiber reinforcement layer has a weaving density of 10 strands / cm, an immersion time of 10 minutes, and a precuring temperature of 80°C. The surface layer is sprayed with PTFE at a spraying pressure of 0.6MPa, and the coating thickness is 80μm.

[0096] Based on the above preparation process, the glass fiber cloth of this embodiment has better cleaning and modification properties. Hydrochloric acid (10%) completely removes SiO2 on the fiber surface. 2Impurities, plasma (500W / 10 minutes) makes the surface energy reach 60mN / m, and the resin interface bonding strength is 50MPa. The glass fiber cloth also has a high-density structure, with a weaving density of 10 strands / cm and an immersion time of 10 minutes, so that the resin content reaches 40%, the tensile strength is 1.8GPa, and the strength is higher (20% higher than that of Example 5).

[0097] As described above, the embodiments of the present invention are described above. The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described above. If the preferred implementation methods in each preferred embodiment are not obviously self-contradictory or based on a preferred implementation method, each preferred implementation method can be arbitrarily superimposed and used in combination. The embodiments and specific parameters in the embodiments are only for the purpose of clearly describing the invention verification process of the inventor, and are not used to limit the patent protection scope of the present invention. The patent protection scope of the present invention is still subject to its claims. Any equivalent structural changes made by using the contents of the description and drawings of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A special glass fiber cloth, characterized in that: It includes a corrosion-resistant protective surface layer, a fiber reinforcement layer, a flame-retardant insulating layer, a bonding matrix layer and a stabilizing bottom layer which are sequentially connected from the outside to the inside; The corrosion-resistant protective surface layer is coated on the surface of the glass fiber cloth by a sol-gel method to isolate the corrosive medium and enhance the surface hardness and wear resistance; The fiber reinforcement layer is orthogonally woven with high-silica glass fiber and carbon fiber and is hot-pressed to provide improved strength, fatigue resistance and dimensional stability. The flame retardant insulating layer is formed by alternately laying fire retardant resin prepreg and glass fiber cloth and vacuum bagging and curing to provide flame retardant, electrical insulation and heat insulation properties; The bonding matrix layer is formed by impregnating fibers with modified epoxy resin or polyimide resin and thermally curing to form a continuous matrix for bonding adjacent layers, transferring stress and improving high temperature resistance; The stable bottom layer is formed by mixing quartz fibers and aramid fibers to suppress thermal expansion and ensure dimensional stability.

2. The special glass fiber cloth according to claim 1, characterized in that: The composition of the corrosion-resistant protective surface layer includes the following components by weight: 6-8 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene, 2-3 parts of boron nitride nano coating and 1-2 parts of silicon carbide powder; Among them, the polytetrafluoroethylene is used for spraying to form a continuous film layer resistant to acid and alkali corrosion; the boron nano-coating is used for spraying through the sol-gel method to enhance the thermal conductivity and insulation properties; the silicon carbide micropowder is used for embedding into the corrosion-resistant protective surface layer through the sol-gel method to enhance the wear resistance.

3. The special glass fiber cloth according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fiber reinforced layer comprises the following components by weight: 20-25 parts of high silica glass fiber, 8-10 parts of carbon fiber, 10-12 parts of quartz fiber, 15-18 parts of polyimide resin, 5-7 parts of modified epoxy resin, 1-2 parts of zirconium oxide fiber, and 2-3 parts of silane coupling agent.

4. The special glass fiber cloth according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flame retardant insulating layer comprises the following components by weight: 10-12 parts of modified epoxy resin, 5-6 parts of aluminum hydroxide powder and 3-4 parts of high silica glass fiber chopped yarn; Wherein, the oxygen index of the modified epoxy resin is ≥30%.

5. The special glass fiber cloth according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bonding matrix layer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-6 parts of polyimide resin, 3-4 parts of modified epoxy resin and 2-3 parts of ceramic nanoparticles.

6. The special glass fiber cloth according to claim 1, characterized in that: The composition of the stable bottom layer includes the following components by weight: 4-5 parts of aramid fiber, 5-6 parts of quartz fiber, and 3-4 parts of nano-alumina sol; Among them, the thermal expansion coefficient of quartz fiber is ≤3×10 -6 / ℃.

7. A process for preparing special glass fiber cloth, characterized in that: The steps include: S100, fiber pretreatment, cleaning and chemical modification of the fiber surface to enhance the bonding strength with the resin matrix; S200, fiber reinforcement layer molding, compounding orthogonal woven fiber cloth with resin prepreg to form a high-strength skeleton; S300, preparation of corrosion-resistant protective surface layer, forming a composite protective coating on the surface of the fiber reinforcement layer by spraying or sol-gel method; S400, preparation of flame-retardant insulation layer, compounding fire-retardant resin with chopped fibers, and achieving flame-retardant function through compression molding; S500, stable bottom composite treatment, mixing aramid and quartz fibers, and coating the surface with nano-alumina sol; S600, bonding base layer coating, coating high adhesive resin between the flame retardant insulation layer and the stable bottom layer to ensure interlayer bonding strength; S700, lamination and curing, laminating and curing multiple layers of materials and then hot pressing and curing them to form an integral structure; S800, post-processing, annealing and surface finishing of glass fiber cloth to eliminate residual stress and improve performance.

8. A process for preparing special glass fiber cloth according to claim 7, characterized in that: The fiber pretreatment method in S100 specifically includes: S101, use high silica glass fiber, soak it in 5-10% dilute hydrochloric acid solution at 40-50℃ for 30-60 minutes to remove surface impurities, then rinse it with deionized water with conductivity ≤5μS / cm until it is neutral, and dry it at 80-100℃ for 2-4 hours; S102, using plasma method to treat carbon fiber, in Ar atmosphere, power 300-500W, treatment time 5-10 minutes, surface energy increased to 50-60mN / m, then spraying the carbon fiber surface with silane coupling agent, drying at 60-80℃ for 1-2 hours.

9. A process for preparing special glass fiber cloth according to claim 7, characterized in that: The method for forming the fiber reinforced layer in S200 specifically includes: S201, fiber weaving, using high silica glass fiber warp direction, and carbon fiber weft direction arranged in an orthogonal direction, weaving density 8-10 strands / cm, using CNC multi-axial loom for weaving, tension control 50-70N / bundle; S202, resin impregnation, using polyimide resin prepreg, resin viscosity 300-500mPa·s, fiber impregnation time 5-10 minutes, resin content controlled at 35-40%, then pressurized impregnation, remove bubbles at 0.3-0.5MPa pressure, pre-curing at 60-80℃ for 30-60 minutes.

10. The process for preparing special glass fiber cloth according to claim 7, characterized in that: The method for preparing the corrosion-resistant protective surface layer in S300 specifically includes: S301, polytetrafluoroethylene coating spraying, using a high-pressure airless sprayer, nozzle diameter 0.3-0.5mm, using a polytetrafluoroethylene suspension with a solid content of 40-50%, spraying pressure 0.4-0.6MPa, coating thickness 50-80μm, 150-180℃ pre-curing for 10-15 minutes; S302, preparation of boron nitride composite coating, using sol-gel method to disperse boron nitride nanosheets and silicon carbide powder in ethanol at a mass ratio of 3:1, ultrasonic vibration for 30 minutes, wherein the particle size of boron nitride nanosheets is 50-100nm, and the particle size of silicon carbide powder is 1-2μm, and then the immersion pulling method is used, the pulling speed is 10-20mm / s, the coating thickness is 20-30μm, and the fiber reinforcement layer is coated after heat treatment at 250-300℃ for 1-2 hours.

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