Cutting control device, battery junction box and vehicle high-voltage system

Abstract

The invention relates to a cut-off control device which comprises a control loop and a driving loop, the control loop comprises a communication port, a power module and a microcontroller, the driving loop comprises an electronic switch and at least one driving circuit, and the communication port is connected to a CAN bus of a vehicle and used for receiving a communication instruction from the CAN bus; the microcontroller is configured to be powered by the power supply module and output a corresponding control signal to the driving loop according to a communication instruction received by the communication port; the at least one driving circuit is configured to drive and control the electronic switch to execute on-off operation based on the control signal; and the electronic switch is arranged on a power supply path between the vehicle battery and the at least one high-voltage load and is configured to selectively connect or disconnect the power supply path under the driving control of the at least one driving circuit. The invention also relates to a battery junction box comprising the cut-off control device and a vehicle high-voltage system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of vehicle batteries, and more particularly to a cut-off control device, and a battery junction box and a vehicle high-voltage system comprising the cut-off control device. Background Art

[0002] In the vehicle, relays are widely used in different electrical systems and functions. For example, relays play an important role in the vehicle power system, braking system, injection control system, window lifting system, charging system and air conditioning system.

[0003] As an example, a pre-charging relay is usually provided in a vehicle charger, which is used to control the pre-charging process between the vehicle's high-voltage battery pack and the motor or other high-power equipment. As another example, a plurality of relays are provided in the vehicle air-conditioning system to control the on-off of high-voltage components such as the compressor, fan, and air-conditioning evaporator in the air-conditioning system.

[0004] In particular, for high-voltage systems in vehicles, traditional high-voltage contactors / relays are usually electromagnetic. This type of electromagnetic relay is large in size and weight, not only taking up too much installation space in the vehicle, but also has a slow response speed and cannot meet application scenarios that require fast response and precise control. Summary of the invention

[0005] According to a first aspect of the present invention, a cut-off control device is provided, wherein the cut-off control device is arranged between a vehicle battery and at least one high-voltage load to be powered, and is used to control and distribute the power supply from the vehicle battery to the at least one high-voltage load, wherein the cut-off control device comprises a control circuit and a drive circuit, wherein the control circuit comprises a communication port, a power module and a microcontroller, and the drive circuit comprises an electronic switch and at least one drive circuit.

[0006] Wherein, the communication port is connected to the CAN bus of the vehicle and is used to receive communication instructions from the CAN bus;

[0007] The microcontroller is configured to be powered by the power module and output a corresponding control signal to the drive circuit according to a communication instruction received by the communication port;

[0008] The at least one driving circuit is configured to receive a control signal output by the microcontroller and drive the electronic switch to perform an on-off operation based on the control signal; and

[0009] The electronic switch is disposed on a power supply path between a vehicle battery and the at least one high-voltage load, and is configured to selectively connect or disconnect the power supply path under the control of the at least one driving circuit.

[0010] Advantageously, the cut-off control device further comprises at least one isolation circuit provided between the control circuit and the drive circuit for performing an electrical isolation operation.

[0011] Advantageously, the at least one driving circuit comprises a first driving circuit and a second driving circuit, wherein the on-off of the electronic switch is controlled by means of a joint action of control signals output by the first driving circuit and the second driving circuit.

[0012] The at least one isolation circuit includes a first isolation circuit and a second isolation circuit, wherein the first isolation circuit is arranged between the microcontroller and the first drive circuit, and the second isolation circuit is arranged between the microcontroller and the second drive circuit.

[0013] Advantageously, when the control signals output by the first drive circuit and the second drive circuit are both at a high level, the electronic switch is turned on.

[0014] Advantageously, the at least one driving circuit comprises an isolated driver, the isolated driver comprising an input side, an output side and a driving element, the input side being connected to the microcontroller, the output side being coupled to the input side in an electrically isolated manner, and the driving element being used to output a corresponding driving voltage to the electronic switch according to a coupling result between the output side and the input side.

[0015] Advantageously, the isolated driver comprises an optocoupler, the input side comprises a light emitting source, and the output side comprises a light sensitive element.

[0016] Advantageously, the electronic switch comprises a cascade circuit formed by connecting a plurality of switch modules in series, each switch module comprising an input node, an output node and a bridge topology structure consisting of two switch tubes and four diodes.

[0017] Among them, the first switch tube and the second switch tube are connected in parallel with each other, the cathode of the first diode is connected to the common input terminal of the first switch tube and the second switch tube, the anode of the first diode and the cathode of the second diode are connected to the input node, the anode of the second diode is connected to the common output terminal of the first switch tube and the second switch tube, the anode of the third diode is connected to the common output terminal, the cathode of the third diode and the anode of the fourth diode are connected to the output node, and the cathode of the fourth diode is connected to the common input terminal.

[0018] Advantageously, the two switching transistors are electron injection enhanced gate transistors.

[0019] Advantageously, each switch module further comprises a metal oxide varistor connected across the input node and the output node.

[0020] Advantageously, the electronic switch is selected from the group consisting of MOSFET, JFET, IGBT, BJT, thyristor and solid state relay.

[0021] Advantageously, the cut-off control device further comprises a fuse connected to a DC bus of the vehicle battery, wherein the fuse is configured to cut off the vehicle battery when the current on the DC bus is overloaded or short-circuited.

[0022] According to a second aspect of the present invention, a battery junction box is also provided, the battery junction box comprising:

[0023] A high voltage acquisition board, the high voltage acquisition board comprising a sampling chip and a communication port, the sampling chip being configured to monitor the working state of the vehicle battery and output corresponding communication instructions to the vehicle's CAN bus via the communication port according to the working state of the vehicle battery; and

[0024] The cut-off control device as described above is configured to selectively connect or disconnect the power supply path in the vehicle high voltage system according to a communication instruction received from a vehicle CAN bus.

[0025] According to a third aspect of the present invention, a high-voltage system for a vehicle is also provided, the high-voltage system for the vehicle comprising:

[0026] Vehicle batteries;

[0027] at least one high voltage load; and

[0028] A cut-off control arrangement as described above.

[0029] Compared with the conventional cut-off control device, the cut-off control device according to the present invention has the following advantages:

[0030] -High reliability: Electronic switches (e.g., transistors, solid-state relays, etc.) have no mechanical contacts and do not have the problem of contact wear caused by repeated cutting off, so they have longer life and higher reliability.

[0031] -Fast response speed: The response speed of electronic switches is faster than that of traditional electromagnetic relays, and can be used in application scenarios with higher response requirements.

[0032] - No arcing and electromagnetic interference: Electronic switches do not generate arcs during the cutting process, thus reducing electromagnetic interference and noise to other circuit components.

[0033] - Smaller size: Electronic switches are smaller and lighter than traditional relays, which reduces the overall size of the cut-off control device.

[0034] -Low power consumption: Compared with traditional relays, electronic switches have lower power consumption, which helps improve the overall energy consumption of high-voltage electrical systems. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] By incorporating the accompanying drawings and Figure 1 With reference to the specific embodiments used to illustrate certain principles of the present invention, other features and advantages of the method of the present invention will become clear or be described in more detail.

[0036] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a cut-off control device 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 2 FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a cut-off control device 1 according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 3 The internal circuit structure diagram of an exemplary embodiment of an isolated driver of the cut-off control device 1 in the second embodiment is shown.

[0039] Figure 4 A circuit diagram of an electronic switch in the form of a cascade circuit formed by connecting a plurality of switch modules in series is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The cut-off control device according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and by way of example. In the following description, many specific details are set forth in order to enable a person skilled in the art to more fully understand the present invention. However, it is obvious to a person skilled in the art that the present invention may be implemented without some of these specific details. Instead, it is contemplated that the present invention may be implemented with any combination of the following features and elements, regardless of whether they relate to different embodiments. Therefore, the following aspects, features, embodiments and advantages are for illustrative purposes only and should not be considered as elements or limitations of the claims.

[0041] The cut-off control device is an important component in the vehicle. Its main function is to provide a centralized connection point to connect the high-voltage battery to the vehicle's electrical system (especially the high-voltage system) and provide functions such as power distribution, current protection and electrical isolation.

[0042] A plurality of relays are provided in the cut-off control device, for example, a main positive relay, a main negative relay, a pre-charge relay, etc. When the engine needs to be started, the main positive relay can be controlled to connect the power supply to supply power to the entire vehicle electrical system. When a current overload or short circuit occurs in the power supply circuit, the main negative relay can be used to cut off the power supply to prevent further damage to the circuit components.

[0043] At present, electromagnetic relays are widely used in the vehicle's disconnection control device. They are composed of electromagnetic coils and mechanical contacts, and use electromagnetic effects to control mechanical contacts to achieve the purpose of circuit switching. When the electromagnetic coil is energized, the magnetic field generated will attract the contacts to close, thereby connecting the circuit; when the electromagnetic coil is de-energized, the mechanical contacts will open due to the force of the spring, thereby disconnecting the circuit. Since the mechanical contacts need to frequently contact and separate during the switching operation, long-term use and high-frequency operation will cause the contacts of the relay to wear, oxidize or stick, thereby affecting the reliability and life of the relay. In particular, when the contacts are separated, an arc will be generated, which will further cause contact wear and electromagnetic interference, thereby affecting the normal operation of other electronic equipment.

[0044] In addition, this type of electromagnetic relay is large in size and weight, which not only takes up too much installation space in the cut-off control device, but also has a slow response speed and cannot meet application scenarios with high requirements for fast response and precise control.

[0045] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects caused by the traditional electromagnetic relay, the present invention proposes a new type of cut-off control device, in which an electronic switch (for example, a solid-state relay) is used to replace the traditional electromagnetic relay. This electronic switch does not have the problem of mechanical wear, so it has a longer life and higher reliability. Compared with the traditional cut-off control device, the electromagnetic control device including the electronic switch is smaller in size and lighter in weight, does not generate electromagnetic interference to other electronic equipment, and can achieve a fast response of power on and off.

[0046] Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the structure of the cut-off control device 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention is shown. The cut-off control device 1 can be arranged between the vehicle battery and at least one high-voltage load to be powered, and is used to control and distribute the power supply from the vehicle battery to the at least one high-voltage load. Here, the high-voltage load can be, for example, an air-conditioning compressor in a vehicle air-conditioning system, an electric motor in a vehicle power system, a brake, etc.

[0047] The cut-off control device may include a (low voltage) control circuit 10 and a (high voltage) drive circuit 20, wherein the control circuit 10 includes a communication port 101, a power module 102 and a microcontroller 103, and the drive circuit 20 includes an electronic switch 201 and at least one drive circuit.

[0048] The communication port 101 is connected to the CAN bus of the vehicle and is used to receive communication instructions from the CAN bus. The microcontroller 103 is configured to be powered by the power module 102 and output a corresponding control signal to the drive circuit 20 according to the communication instructions received by the communication port 101;

[0049] The at least one driving circuit is configured to receive a control signal output by the microcontroller 103 and drive the electronic switch 201 to perform an on-off operation based on the control signal.

[0050] The electronic switch 201 is disposed on a power supply path between a vehicle battery and at least one high-voltage load, and is configured to selectively connect or disconnect the power supply path under the control of at least one driving circuit. In this article, the electronic switch 201 can, for example, serve as at least one of a main positive switch, a main negative switch, a pre-charge switch, a start switch, a fuel pump switch, and an air-conditioning compressor switch of the vehicle, and can be selected from a group including a metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET), a junction field effect transistor (JFET), an insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT), a bipolar transistor (BJT), a thyristor, and a solid-state relay.

[0051] In addition, the cut-off control device 1 further includes at least one isolation circuit provided between the control circuit 10 and the drive circuit 20 for performing an electrical isolation operation.

[0052] exist Figure 1 In the embodiment shown in , the cut-off control device 1 includes a first drive circuit 202a and a second drive circuit 202b, wherein the on-off of the electronic switch 201 is controlled by the joint action of the control signals output by the first drive circuit 202a and the second drive circuit 202b. For example, the electronic switch 201 is turned on only when the control signals output by the first drive circuit 202a and the second drive circuit 202b are both at high levels.

[0053] Correspondingly, the cut-off control device 1 further comprises a first isolation circuit 30a and a second isolation circuit 30b, wherein the first isolation circuit 30a is arranged between the microcontroller 103 and the first drive circuit 202a, and the second isolation circuit 30b is arranged between the microcontroller 103 and the second drive circuit 202b.

[0054] The cut-off control device 1 further includes a fuse 40 connected to the DC bus of the vehicle battery, and the fuse 40 is configured to cut off the vehicle battery when the current on the DC bus is overloaded or short-circuited.

[0055] In this article, "vehicle battery" refers in particular to the vehicle's power battery pack, which is used to provide high-voltage power to high-voltage accessories such as electric motors and air-conditioning compressors. The "power module" in this article refers in particular to the power supply provided inside the cut-off control device, such as a low-voltage power supply (for example, a 5V power supply voltage) or a high-voltage battery chip, which can also be a power supply converted from a vehicle's 12V battery, or an additional constant voltage source.

[0056] Figure 2 FIG. 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of a cut-off control device 1 according to a second embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 The difference between the first embodiment and the second embodiment is that at least one driving circuit in the cut-off control device 1 of the second embodiment includes a single driver 30c, which can be an isolated driver 30c. That is, the isolated driver Figure 1 The functions of the driving circuit and the isolation circuit in the embodiment are integrated into one, and the circuit has both electrical isolation function and driving function.

[0057] Figure 3 FIG. 2 shows an internal circuit structure diagram of an exemplary embodiment of an isolated driver in the cut-off control device of the second embodiment. Figure 3 As shown in , the isolated driver may include an input side, an output side and a driving element, wherein the input side is connected to the microcontroller 103, the output side and the input side are coupled to each other in an electrically isolated manner, and the driving element can output a corresponding driving voltage to the electronic switch based on the coupling result of the output side and the input side to control the electronic switch to connect the electrical path between the positive and negative bus bars (BUS+, BUS-).

[0058] As an example, the isolated driver can be a photocoupler, whose input side includes a light source (e.g., an LED light source), which can receive a control signal from the microcontroller 103 and generate a light signal based on the control signal, and whose output side includes a photosensitive element for receiving a light signal emitted by the light source and outputting a corresponding voltage signal, and the driving element can drive the electronic switch to perform an on-off operation based on the voltage signal output by the output side. The driving element can be a MOSFET, for example, when receiving a voltage signal on the output side, the MOSFET can turn on the control voltage of the control terminal of the electronic switch to turn on the electronic switch.

[0059] Optionally, a regulating circuit (eg, an amplifying circuit and a filtering circuit) may be provided between the output side and the driving element to adjust the voltage signal output by the output side to a target voltage.

[0060] The electronic switch 201 may include a cascade circuit formed by connecting a plurality of switch modules in series. Figure 4A circuit diagram of an electronic switch in the form of a cascade circuit formed by connecting a plurality of switch modules in series is shown. Figure 4 Two switch modules are shown in FIG. 1 , each of which includes an input node, an output node, and a bridge topology structure composed of two switch tubes T1 , T2 and four diodes D1 , D2 , D3 , and D4 .

[0061] The first switch tube T1 and the second switch tube T2 may be, for example, electron injection enhanced gate transistors (IEGTs), which are connected in parallel to each other, that is, the two switch tubes have a common input terminal and output terminal.

[0062] The cathode of the first diode D1 is connected to the common input terminal of the first switch tube T1 and the second switch tube T2, the anode of the first diode D1 and the cathode of the second diode D2 are connected to the input node, the anode of the second diode D2 is connected to the common output terminal of the first switch tube T1 and the second switch tube T2, the anode of the third diode D3 is connected to the common output terminal, the cathode of the third diode D3 and the anode of the fourth diode D4 are connected to the output node, and the cathode of the fourth diode is connected to the common input terminal.

[0063] Optionally, a metal oxide varistor (MOV) may be connected between the input node and the output node of each switch module. The MOV resistor can absorb and dissipate overvoltage energy to protect circuit components from voltage surge damage. In addition, a circuit composed of a buffer resistor R and a buffer capacitor C in series may be connected between the input node and the output node.

[0064] based on Figure 4 The cascade circuit shown in can constitute DC circuit breakers of different voltage levels and can realize bidirectional switching of the DC circuit breaker.

[0065] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a battery junction box (Battery Junction Box, referred to as "BJB"), including: for example, a high-voltage acquisition board 2 for a battery management system, the high-voltage acquisition board 2 including a sampling chip 21 and a communication port 22, the sampling chip 21 is configured to collect and monitor the working status of a vehicle battery, and output corresponding instructions to the vehicle's CAN bus via the communication port 22 according to the working status of the vehicle battery; and the cut-off control device 1 as described above.

[0066] Another embodiment of the present invention further provides a high-voltage system for a vehicle, the high-voltage system for the vehicle comprising: a vehicle battery; a high-voltage load; and the cut-off control device 1 as described above.

[0067] Compared with the conventional cut-off control device, the cut-off control device according to the present invention has the following advantages:

[0068] -High reliability: Electronic switches (e.g., transistors, solid-state relays, etc.) have no mechanical contacts and do not have the problem of contact wear caused by repeated cutting off, so they have longer life and higher reliability.

[0069] -Fast response speed: The response speed of electronic switches is faster than that of traditional electromagnetic relays, and can be used in application scenarios with higher response requirements.

[0070] - No arcing and electromagnetic interference: Electronic switches do not generate arcs during the cutting process, thus reducing electromagnetic interference and noise to other circuit components.

[0071] - Smaller size: Electronic switches are smaller and lighter than traditional relays, which reduces the overall size of the cut-off control device.

[0072] -Low power consumption: Compared with traditional relays, electronic switches have lower power consumption, which helps improve the overall energy consumption of high-voltage electrical systems.

[0073] Those skilled in the art can understand that, in the present invention, terms such as “comprise” and “include” mean that in addition to the steps directly and clearly stated in the specification and claims, the technical solution of the present application does not exclude the situation of having other steps that are not directly or clearly stated.

[0074] Although the present invention has been disclosed as above with preferred embodiments, the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes and modifications made by any person skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention, and therefore the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the scope defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A cut-off control device (1) for a vehicle high-voltage system, the cut-off control device (1) being arranged between a vehicle battery and at least one high-voltage load to be powered, for controlling and distributing power supply from the vehicle battery to the at least one high-voltage load, It is characterized in that The cut-off control device comprises a control circuit (10) and a drive circuit (20), wherein the control circuit (10) comprises a communication port (101), a power module (102) and a microcontroller (103), and the drive circuit (20) comprises an electronic switch (201) and at least one drive circuit (202a, 202b, 202c). Wherein, the communication port (101) is connected to a CAN bus of a vehicle and is used to receive communication instructions from the CAN bus; The microcontroller (103) is configured to be powered by the power module (102) and output a corresponding control signal to the drive circuit (20) according to a communication instruction received by the communication port (101); The at least one driving circuit (202a, 202b, 202c) is configured to receive a control signal output by the microcontroller (103) and drive the electronic switch (201) to perform an on-off operation based on the control signal; and The electronic switch (201) is arranged on a power supply path between a vehicle battery and the at least one high-voltage load, and is configured to selectively connect or disconnect the power supply path under the control of the at least one drive circuit (202a, 202b, 202c).

2. The cut-off control device (1) according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The cut-off control device (1) further comprises at least one isolation circuit (30a, 30b) arranged between the control circuit (10) and the drive circuit (20) for performing an electrical isolation operation.

3. The cut-off control device (1) according to claim 2, It is characterized in that The at least one drive circuit (202a, 202b, 202c) comprises a first drive circuit (202a) and a second drive circuit (202b), wherein the on and off of the electronic switch (201) is controlled by means of the combined effect of control signals output by the first drive circuit (202a) and the second drive circuit (202b), The at least one isolation circuit (30a, 30b) comprises a first isolation circuit (30a) and a second isolation circuit (30b), wherein the first isolation circuit (30a) is arranged between the microcontroller (103) and the first drive circuit (202a), and the second isolation circuit (30b) is arranged between the microcontroller (103) and the second drive circuit (202b).

4. The cut-off control device (1) according to claim 3, It is characterized in that When the control signals output by the first drive circuit (202a) and the second drive circuit (202b) are both at a high level, the electronic switch (201) is turned on.

5. The cut-off control device (1) according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The at least one driving circuit (202a, 202b, 202c) comprises an isolated driver, the isolated driver comprising an input side, an output side and a driving element, the input side being connected to the microcontroller (103), the output side being coupled to the input side in an electrically isolated manner, and the driving element being used to output a corresponding driving voltage to the electronic switch (201) according to a coupling result between the output side and the input side.

6. The cut-off control device (1) according to claim 5, It is characterized in that The isolated driver includes an optocoupler, the input side includes a light emitting source, and the output side includes a light sensitive element.

7. The cut-off control device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, It is characterized in that The electronic switch (201) comprises a cascade circuit formed by a plurality of switch modules connected in series, each switch module comprising an input node, an output node and a bridge topology structure formed by two switch tubes (T1, T2) and four diodes (D1, D2, D3, D4). The first switch tube (T1) and the second switch tube (T2) are connected in parallel with each other, the cathode of the first diode is connected to the common input terminal of the first switch tube (T1) and the second switch tube (T2), the anode of the first diode (D1) and the cathode of the second diode (D2) are connected to the input node, the anode of the second diode is connected to the common output terminal of the first switch tube (T1) and the second switch tube (T2), the anode of the third diode is connected to the common output terminal, the cathode of the third diode (D3) and the anode of the fourth diode (D4) are connected to the output node, and the cathode of the fourth diode is connected to the common input terminal.

8. The cut-off control device (1) according to claim 7, It is characterized in that The two switch tubes are electron injection enhanced gate transistors.

9. The cut-off control device (1) according to claim 7, It is characterized in that Each switch module further includes a metal oxide varistor connected across the input node and the output node.

10. The cut-off control device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, It is characterized in that The electronic switch (201) is selected from the group consisting of MOSFET, JFET, IGBT, BJT, thyristor and solid state relay.

11. The cut-off control device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, It is characterized in that The cut-off control device (1) further comprises a fuse (40) connected to the DC bus of the vehicle battery, wherein the fuse (40) is configured to cut off the vehicle battery when the current on the DC bus is overloaded or short-circuited.

12. A battery junction box, It is characterized in that The battery junction box includes: A high-voltage acquisition board (2), the high-voltage acquisition board (2) comprising a sampling chip (21) and a communication port (22), the sampling chip (21) being configured to monitor the working state of a vehicle battery and output corresponding communication instructions to a CAN bus of the vehicle via the communication port (22) according to the working state of the vehicle battery; and According to any one of claims 1 to 11, the cut-off control device (1) is configured to selectively connect or disconnect a power supply path in a vehicle high voltage system according to a communication instruction received from a vehicle CAN bus.

13. A vehicle high voltage system, It is characterized in that The vehicle high voltage system includes: Vehicle batteries; at least one high voltage load; and A cut-off control device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 11.

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