Modularized composite material apron board for railway vehicle and preparation process of modularized composite material apron board

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of rail transit, in particular to a modular composite apron board for a rail vehicle. The apron board comprises an outer skin, an inner core and an inner skin, and the inner core is located between the outer skin and the inner skin. The inner skin comprises a middle module and side modules, the side modules are located at the two ends of the middle module, bent parts are arranged on the sides, facing the middle module, of the side modules, the bent parts are bent towards the outer skin, and the inner sides of the bent parts are bonded to the inner side of the middle module; an inner flange is arranged on the top side of the outer skin and abuts against the outer side of the inner skin, outer flanges are arranged on the other edges of the inner skin except for the top side, the outer flanges abut against the inner side of the inner skin, and a cavity for containing the inner core is defined by the inner flanges and the outer flanges. The problems that a traditional composite material apron board is complex in structure coupling, poor in mold universality, low in forming efficiency, high in preparation cost and the like are solved, and efficient and low-cost preparation of the composite material apron board is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of rail transit, and in particular to a modular composite skirt plate for a rail vehicle. Background Art

[0002] The skirt panels of rail vehicles are mainly used to cover the bottom of the vehicle, play a role in protection, reduce air resistance and accommodate other components. Traditional composite skirt panels are mostly integrated structures, which have many disadvantages in the molding and preparation process.

[0003] At present, the traditional composite skirt molding preparation mainly adopts the following methods:

[0004] Hand lay-up: The resin and reinforcing materials (such as glass fiber, etc.) are manually laid layer by layer on the mold and solidified to form the product. This method has low production efficiency, the product quality depends on the proficiency of the operator, and the product performance stability is poor.

[0005] Autoclave molding: Place the laminated composite product into an autoclave and solidify it under high temperature and pressure. This method has high energy consumption, expensive equipment costs, low paving efficiency, and is difficult to achieve automated production.

[0006] Traditional molding process: For skirts of different lengths, multiple molds need to be made, resulting in a wide variety of molds and high costs. At the same time, the complex coupling of skirt structure and function further limits the molding efficiency.

[0007] Therefore, the preparation of existing composite skirt panels has the following technical problems:

[0008] 1. Complex structural coupling: The integrated structure of traditional composite skirts leads to a close coupling between structure and function. Different parts are highly correlated. When design changes or local repairs are made, the entire skirt often needs to be adjusted, which increases the difficulty of design and production.

[0009] 2. Poor mold versatility: When using traditional molding technology, due to the non-uniform length of the skirt board, it is necessary to make molds of multiple sizes, which increases the number of mold types and significantly increases the cost. In addition, the mold has poor versatility and cannot achieve efficient reuse of the mold.

[0010] 3. Low molding efficiency: Non-automated processes such as hand lay-up and autoclave molding have low laying efficiency and are difficult to achieve efficient mass production. At the same time, the traditional molding process also has low molding efficiency due to problems such as poor mold versatility, and cannot meet the needs of rapid production.

[0011] 4. High preparation cost: Autoclave molding equipment is expensive and has high energy consumption; traditional molding process has many types of molds and high production costs; in addition, due to low molding efficiency, the production cost per unit product also increases accordingly. Summary of the invention

[0012] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a modular composite skirt panel for rail vehicles to solve the problems of complex structural coupling, poor mold versatility, low molding efficiency and high preparation cost of traditional composite skirt panels, so as to achieve efficient and low-cost preparation of composite skirt panels and meet the needs of mass promotion and application.

[0013] In order to achieve the above object, the embodiment of the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0014] A modular composite skirt for a rail vehicle comprises: an outer skin, an inner core and an inner skin, wherein the inner core is located between the outer skin and the inner skin; the inner skin comprises a middle module and an edge module, wherein the edge modules are located at both ends of the middle module, and a bending portion is provided on the side of the edge module facing the middle module, wherein the bending portion is bent toward the outer skin, and the inner side of the bending portion is bonded to the inner side of the middle module; an inner turn-up is provided on the top side of the outer skin, wherein the inner turn-up abuts against the outer side of the inner skin, and an outer turn-up is provided on the other edges of the inner skin except the top side, wherein the outer turn-up abuts against the inner side of the inner skin, and the inner turn-up and the outer turn-up enclose a cavity for accommodating the inner core.

[0015] Optionally, the middle module between the outer skin and the inner skin is a universal module, which is manufactured according to the longest dimension of the entire train skirt, and the middle modules of the remaining outer skins and the inner skins are intercepted by the universal module.

[0016] Optionally, a mounting interface is provided on a side of the side module away from the middle module, the mounting interface protrudes toward the outer skin, and the rest of the side module protrudes in the opposite direction.

[0017] Optionally, the installation interface of the side module includes a skirt lock interface, a safety link interface and a first hinge interface, and the middle module is also provided with a second hinge interface.

[0018] Optionally, the skirt panel further includes an embedded seat, which is located between the outer skin and the inner skin, with the outer side of the embedded seat bonded to the inner side of the outer skin, and the inner side of the embedded seat bonded to the outer side of the inner skin.

[0019] Optionally, the side module is divided into a left module and a right module, and the left module and the right module are symmetrical.

[0020] Optionally, the inner skin and the outer skin are made of glass fiber, carbon fiber or carbon-glass mixture.

[0021] Optionally, a recessed portion is provided on the inner side of the inner core at a position corresponding to the bending portion of the inner skin, and the recessed portion is concave inwardly toward the outer skin.

[0022] Optionally, the inner core is a foam or honeycomb structure.

[0023] The embodiment of the present invention further provides a process for preparing the modular composite material skirt plate of a rail vehicle as described above, comprising the following steps:

[0024] The outer skin adopts the universal mold with the longest skirt size of the whole train, the side module adopts the fixed size mold, and the middle module adopts the variable length universal mold. The outer skin, middle module and side module are prepared by compression molding process respectively;

[0025] Cut the outer skin and middle module according to the target skirt length;

[0026] The outer skin, the inner core, the embedded seat, the middle module and the side module are glued together to form a glued pre-assembly;

[0027] The bonded pre-assembly is cured under negative pressure.

[0028] One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present invention have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0029] 1. The modular composite skirt of rail vehicles of the present invention divides the skirt into three main parts: outer skin, inner core and inner skin, and the inner skin is further divided into middle module and side module, realizing modular design of the structure, so that the structural and functional requirements of skirts of different sizes can be realized through the combination of modules, effectively solving the problem of complex coupling between structure and function of traditional integrated structure skirts. When adjusting the size, only the length of the outer skin and the middle module needs to be changed, achieving the effect of decoupling functional partition and size. Moreover, the unified skin mold specifications improve the versatility of the mold, the reuse rate of the skin mold is 100%, effectively reducing the types of molding molds and reducing the mold cost. In addition, by adopting the molding + secondary bonding composite molding process, each module can be independently batch manufactured and assembled as a whole, which improves the molding efficiency, reduces the manufacturing cost, and meets the requirements of rapid batch production.

[0030] 2. A bending portion is provided on the side of the side module facing the middle module, the bending portion is bent toward the outer skin and bonded to the inner side of the middle module, the inner turn-down on the top side of the outer skin abuts against the outer side of the inner skin, the outer turn-down provided on the other edges of the inner skin except the top side abuts against the inner side of the inner skin, the inner turn-down and the outer turn-down form a cavity for accommodating the inner core. Such a structural design not only enhances the overall strength and stability of the skirt board, but also provides a good fixing space for the inner core, ensures the close connection and coordinated work of the various parts of the skirt board, and improves the structural reliability and service life of the skirt board.

[0031] 3. The combination of pre-molding and secondary gluing process shortens the single-piece molding time to within 1.5 hours, while reducing energy consumption by 40%; the standardized interface design enables rapid assembly of each module to meet the needs of efficient mass production of skirt panels of various specifications.

[0032] Advantages of additional aspects of the present invention will be given in the following description, and in part will become obvious from the following description, or will be learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work. In addition, the spacing or size between the components is exaggerated to show the positions of the components, and the schematic diagram is only used for illustration.

[0034] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an explosion of a skirt plate provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the inner side of a skirt plate provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of a skirt plate provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 The upper middle part is an enlarged schematic diagram;

[0038] Figure 5 yes Figure 3 The lower middle part is an enlarged schematic diagram;

[0039] Figure 6 yes Figure 2 Middle AA section view;

[0040] In the figure: 1, outer skin; 101, inner flange; 2, inner core; 201, recessed part; 3, left module; 301, skirt lock interface; 302, safety link interface; 303, first hinge interface; 304, outer flange; 4, middle module; 401, second hinge interface; 5, right module; 6, embedded seat; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are illustrative and are intended to provide further explanation of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in the present invention have the same meanings as those commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs. In addition, it should also be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0042] Example 1

[0043] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, this embodiment proposes a modular composite skirt for rail vehicles, comprising: an outer skin 1, an inner core 2 and an inner skin, wherein the inner core 2 is located between the outer skin 1 and the inner skin; the inner skin comprises an intermediate module 4 and an edge module, wherein the edge modules are located at both ends of the intermediate module 4, and a bending portion is provided on one side of the edge module facing the intermediate module 4, wherein the bending portion is bent toward the outer skin 1, and the inner side of the bending portion is bonded to the inner side of the intermediate module 4; an inner flange 101 is provided on the top side of the outer skin 1, and the inner flange 101 abuts against the outer side of the inner skin (such as Figure 4 As shown in FIG. 1 ), the inner skin is provided with an outer flange 304 on the other edges except the top side, and the outer flange 304 abuts against the inner side of the inner skin (as shown in FIG. Figure 5 As shown), the inner flange 101 and the outer flange 304 form a cavity for accommodating the inner core 2.

[0044] The outer skin 1, the inner core 2 and the inner skin form a three-layer sandwich structure, in which the inner core 2 as the middle layer has both lightweight and mechanical bearing functions. The inner skin is further divided into a middle module 4 and an edge module. The edge module is connected to the middle module 4 through a bending portion, and the bending direction is toward the outer skin, forming a stable interface through bonding. The inner flange 101 at the top of the outer skin 1 forms an overlap constraint with the outer side of the inner skin, while the outer flange 304 at the other edges of the inner skin forms a reverse constraint with the inner side of the outer skin 1. The two together enclose a closed cavity to accommodate the inner core 2. This structural design achieves the improvement of overall stiffness and the control of assembly accuracy through modular combination and flange interlocking mechanism.

[0045] The intermediate modules 4 of the outer skin 1 and the inner skin are universal modules, which are manufactured according to the longest dimension of the entire train skirt, and the intermediate modules 4 of the remaining outer skins 1 and the inner skins are cut out by the universal module.

[0046] This design makes full use of the size of the longest skirt board as a benchmark, so that the outer skin 1 and the inner skin intermediate module 4 of other lengths of skirt boards can obtain the required size by intercepting the universal module. On the one hand, this improves the versatility of the mold and achieves a 100% reuse rate of the skin mold. On the other hand, it effectively reduces the types of molding molds and reduces mold costs, avoiding the high cost of multiple molds caused by the non-uniform length of skirt boards in traditional processes, and provides strong support for the mass production of skirt boards.

[0047] The side of the side module away from the middle module 4 is provided with a mounting interface, which protrudes toward the outer skin 1, and the rest of the side module protrudes in the opposite direction, and can be locally thickened according to the force requirements. This design allows the side module to have a clear functional division in the overall structure of the skirt board. The protrusion of the mounting interface part facilitates connection and fixation with other components, and enhances the connection stability and reliability of the skirt board; while the rest of the part protrudes in the opposite direction, which not only improves the structural rigidity, but also provides a favorable space for the inner core 2, which is conducive to achieving a close connection between the modules of the skirt board and the stability of the overall structure, and also helps to optimize the force performance of the skirt board and improve its bearing capacity and anti-deformation ability during use.

[0048] The installation interface of the side module includes a skirt lock interface 301, a safety chain interface 302 and a first hinge interface 303, which are used to install the skirt lock, safety chain and hinge respectively, meet the connection and fixation requirements of the skirt at different positions, and ensure the installation stability and safety of the skirt on the rail vehicle. In addition, the middle module 4 is also provided with a second hinge interface 401, which further improves the connection structure of the skirt, so that the skirt can be opened, closed, adjusted and other operations more flexibly and stably, improves the convenience and reliability of the use of the skirt, and provides convenient conditions for the maintenance and overhaul of the rail vehicle.

[0049] The embedded seat 6 is located between the outer skin 1 and the inner skin, the outer side of the embedded seat 6 is bonded to the inner side of the outer skin 1, and the inner side of the embedded seat 6 is bonded to the outer side of the inner skin. The embedded seat 6 is mainly used for the installation and fixation of hinges, gas spring supports and safety chain supports. By bonding, the embedded seat 6 is firmly fixed between the outer skin 1 and the inner skin, forming a stable connection structure, which not only enhances the overall structural strength of the skirt board, but also provides a reliable installation foundation for other connecting components, ensuring the connection stability and safety of the skirt board during use, effectively preventing safety hazards caused by loosening of connecting components, and extending the service life of the skirt board.

[0050] The side module is divided into a left module 3 and a right module 5. The left module 3 and the right module 5 are symmetrical. The left module 3 and the right module 5 are connecting support modules, and the length and width of the modules are fixed.

[0051] The materials of the inner skin and the outer skin 1 are glass fiber, carbon fiber or carbon-glass composite materials, which have excellent properties such as high strength, light weight, corrosion resistance and fatigue resistance. The use of these composite materials to make the inner skin and the outer skin 1 can effectively reduce the weight of the skirt board and the overall weight of the rail vehicle while ensuring the structural strength and rigidity of the skirt board, thereby improving the vehicle's operating efficiency and energy utilization. At the same time, these composite materials also have good weather resistance and chemical stability, can adapt to different working environments and climatic conditions, extend the service life of the skirt board, reduce maintenance costs, and provide reliable guarantees for the safe operation of rail vehicles.

[0052] like Figure 6 As shown, a recessed portion 201 is provided at a position corresponding to the inner side of the inner core 2 and the inner skin bending portion, and the recessed portion 201 is concave inwardly toward the outer skin 1. The design of the recessed portion 201 matches the shape of the inner skin bending portion, so that the connection between the inner core 2 and the inner skin is tighter and the fit is higher, thereby enhancing the stability and strength of the overall structure of the skirt board.

[0053] The inner core 2 adopts a foam or honeycomb structure, which has excellent properties such as light weight, heat insulation, sound absorption, and buffering. The pores or gaps inside the foam structure make it have good elasticity and toughness, and can effectively absorb and buffer energy when impacted by external forces, protecting other parts of the skirt from damage; the honeycomb structure has a high-strength and lightweight structural feature with its unique geometric shape, which can minimize the weight while ensuring the strength of the inner core 2. This structural design of the inner core 2 not only helps to improve the overall performance of the skirt, but also together with the outer skin 1 and the inner skin, it forms a skirt system with good heat insulation and sound insulation effects, improves the environmental comfort inside the rail vehicle, and also contributes to energy saving and consumption reduction of the vehicle.

[0054] Example 2

[0055] This embodiment proposes a preparation process of the rail vehicle modular composite material skirt plate described in Embodiment 1, comprising the following steps:

[0056] The outer skin 1 and the left module 3, the middle module 4 and the right module 5 of the inner skin are formed by rapid compression molding. A set of molds is required for each of the four types of skins in the whole train, and the mold reuse rate is 100%. The outer skin 1 and the middle module 4 after molding can be processed and determined according to the length requirements. The left module 3 and the right module 5 are universal parts. The inner core 2 is processed in advance according to the length requirements, and the embedded seat 6 contains various embedded connection seats, which are universal parts. The outer skin 1 is placed on the bonding tool, and the adhesive film or structural adhesive, the inner core 2, the embedded seat 6, the left module 3, the right module 5 and the middle module 4 are placed alternately in turn. After the adhesive pre-assembly is completed, negative pressure curing is performed through a vacuum bag, and curing is performed at room temperature or in a curing furnace according to the characteristics of the structural adhesive. After curing, plastic processing is performed to complete the preparation.

[0057] The preparation process first uses the longest skirt size of the whole train to prepare the outer skin 1 universal mold, the side module uses a fixed size mold, and the middle module 4 uses a variable length universal mold. The outer skin 1, the middle module 4 and the side module are prepared by a compression molding process. This mold design and the selection of molding process fully utilize the advantages of modular design, realize the independent batch manufacturing of each module, improve production efficiency and reduce production costs. Then, the outer skin 1 and the middle module 4 are cut according to the target skirt length. This process is simple and efficient, and the module components of the required size can be quickly obtained. Then, the outer skin 1, the inner core 2, the embedded seat 6, the middle module 4 and the side module are glued to form a glued pre-assembly, which ensures the close connection between the components and the stability of the overall structure. Finally, the glued pre-assembly is negatively pressure cured. Negative pressure curing can effectively eliminate bubbles and impurities in the bonding layer, improve the bonding quality, and enhance the overall strength and rigidity of the skirt.

[0058] The overall preparation process is simple and efficient, with each step closely connected and coordinated with each other. It can quickly and stably produce high-quality modular composite skirts, meeting the high requirements of rail vehicles for skirt performance and production efficiency, and effectively promoting the widespread application and mass manufacturing of composite skirts in the field of rail vehicles.

[0059] Although the above describes the specific implementation mode of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications or variations that can be made by those skilled in the art on the basis of the technical solution of the present invention without creative work are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A modular composite skirt for a rail vehicle, characterized in that: include: An outer skin, an inner core and an inner skin, wherein the inner core is located between the outer skin and the inner skin; The inner skin comprises a middle module and side modules, the side modules are located at both ends of the middle module, a bending portion is provided on one side of the side module facing the middle module, the bending portion is bent toward the outer skin, and the inner side of the bending portion is bonded to the inner side of the middle module; The top side of the outer skin is provided with an inner flange, which abuts against the outer side of the inner skin. The other edges of the inner skin except the top side are provided with outer flanges, which abut against the inner side of the inner skin. The inner flange and the outer flange form a cavity for accommodating the inner core.

2. The rail vehicle modular composite skirt panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The middle module between the outer skin and the inner skin is a universal module, which is manufactured according to the longest dimension of the entire train skirt, and the middle modules of the remaining outer skins and the inner skins are intercepted by the universal module.

3. The rail vehicle modular composite skirt panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: A mounting interface is provided on a side of the side module away from the middle module, and the mounting interface protrudes toward the outer skin, while the rest of the side module protrudes in the opposite direction.

4. The rail vehicle modular composite skirt panel according to claim 3, characterized in that: The installation interface of the side module includes a skirt lock interface, a safety link interface and a first hinge interface, and the middle module is also provided with a second hinge interface.

5. The rail vehicle modular composite skirt panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The skirt plate further comprises an embedded seat, which is located between the outer skin and the inner skin, the outer side of the embedded seat is bonded to the inner side of the outer skin, and the inner side of the embedded seat is bonded to the outer side of the inner skin.

6. The rail vehicle modular composite skirt panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side module is divided into a left module and a right module, and the left module and the right module are symmetrical.

7. The rail vehicle modular composite skirt panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The materials of the inner skin and the outer skin are glass fiber, carbon fiber or carbon-glass mixture.

8. The rail vehicle modular composite skirt panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: A recessed portion is provided on the inner side of the inner core at a position corresponding to the bent portion of the inner skin, and the recessed portion is concave inwardly toward the outer skin.

9. The rail vehicle modular composite skirt panel according to claim 8, characterized in that: The inner core is a foam or honeycomb structure.

10. A process for preparing a modular composite skirt plate for a rail vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The outer skin adopts the universal mold with the longest skirt size of the whole train, the side module adopts the fixed size mold, and the middle module adopts the variable length universal mold. The outer skin, middle module and side module are prepared by compression molding process respectively; Cut the outer skin and middle module according to the target skirt length; The outer skin, the inner core, the embedded seat, the middle module and the side module are glued together to form a glued pre-assembly; The bonded pre-assembly is cured under negative pressure.

Images