A fairing opening and closing mechanism

Abstract

This invention relates to a fairing opening and closing mechanism, comprising: a support plate, a rotating arm mechanism, a power mechanism, and an auxiliary power mechanism; wherein one end of the rotating arm mechanism is hinged to the support plate and the other end is connected to the fairing; the power mechanism and the auxiliary power mechanism are both mounted on the support plate and connected to the rotating arm mechanism respectively via adapter seats; during the automatic opening and closing of the fairing, the power mechanism and the auxiliary power mechanism provide motion power to the fairing in stages. This invention, by setting two power sources in cooperation, realizes the electric opening and closing of the fairing hatch, improving the stability and efficiency of the electric opening and closing process. Simultaneously, the guide groove design of the connecting seat also enables manual opening and closing, effectively solving the problem that some train electric opening and closing mechanisms cannot be manually operated in emergency situations when there is no power or the electric drive component fails.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of rail vehicle technology, and particularly relates to a fairing opening and closing mechanism. Background Technology

[0002] In the design of modern railcars, fairing hatches are typically installed to protect internal equipment such as couplers. These hatches are controlled by an opening and closing mechanism to ensure they are closed during single-train operation and open during emergency rescue or multiple-unit operation, allowing the couplers to extend and engage. To ensure the reliability of emergency rescue operations...

[0003] Rail vehicles typically use cylinders as the power source for their opening and closing mechanisms. However, some trains, such as trams, cannot provide air to the front-end opening and closing mechanisms, which are currently still operated manually. Manually operated mechanisms require personnel to get off the train and manually move the fairing doors. This is not only laborious and inefficient, but also poses safety hazards as personnel must contact the bottom of the train during operation. In certain special scenarios, such as inclement weather or complex operating environments, the inconvenience of manual operation is even more pronounced.

[0004] In existing technologies, for trains that cannot provide an air supply to the front-end opening and closing mechanism, automatic opening and closing can only be achieved using an electric cylinder as the driving device. However, unlike a pneumatic cylinder, which can freely extend and retract even in the absence of airflow, an electric cylinder cannot extend or retract freely when there is no power, requiring manual operation using a special tool at the rear of the cylinder. However, because the fairing hatch of this type of train is too close to the ground when closed, operators cannot observe or touch the electric cylinder inside the opening and closing mechanism, making manual extension and retraction impossible. In the event of a power outage or electric cylinder malfunction requiring emergency rescue, the fairing hatch of the opening and closing mechanism cannot be opened, and the train coupler cannot extend and engage, making emergency rescue impossible and seriously affecting the safe operation of the train. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to solve one of the above-mentioned technical problems and provide a fairing opening and closing mechanism that is structurally reliable and easy to operate, realizing the electric automatic opening and closing of the fairing hatch and providing a manual emergency operation function, thereby improving the safety of train operation and the reliability of emergency rescue.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A fairing opening and closing mechanism, comprising:

[0008] Support plate, fixedly installed on the train body;

[0009] The swing arm mechanism is connected to the support plate at one end and to the fairing at the other end; the swing arm mechanism is equipped with a pusher.

[0010] The power mechanism includes a first adapter and an electric drive component; the first adapter is rotatably connected to a support plate; the electric drive component is fixedly installed on the support plate, and its power output end is hinged to the first adapter to drive the first adapter to rotate; the first adapter is provided with a guide groove, and the pusher is slidably disposed in the guide groove;

[0011] The auxiliary power mechanism includes a second adapter seat and a gas spring; one end of the gas spring is fixedly mounted on the support plate, and the other end is hinged to the second adapter seat; the second adapter seat is rotatably connected to the support plate and fixedly connected to the pusher.

[0012] During the automatic opening and closing of the fairing, the power mechanism and auxiliary power mechanism drive the rotating arm mechanism to move in stages, thereby providing the fairing with motion power.

[0013] In some embodiments of the present invention, when the deflector is in the closed state, the gas spring continuously provides a closing driving force to the deflector through the rotating arm mechanism, and the pusher is located at the first end of the guide groove;

[0014] When the fairing is in the open state, the gas spring continuously provides the opening driving force to the fairing through the rotating arm mechanism, and the pusher is located at the second end of the guide groove.

[0015] In some embodiments of the present invention, during the automatic opening process of the fairing, it sequentially passes through a closed position, a middle position, and an open position;

[0016] During the process of the fairing moving from the closed position to the middle position, the power output end of the electric drive unit extends out and drives the first adapter to rotate in the first direction. The pusher is located at the first end of the guide groove and rotates with the first adapter under the push of the groove wall, thereby driving the rotating arm mechanism to move and providing the opening driving force for the fairing, so that the fairing moves to the middle position.

[0017] During the process of the fairing moving from the middle position to the open position, the electric drive component remains unchanged. The gas spring passes the mechanical critical point and continues to provide the opening driving force for the fairing through the rotating arm mechanism, so that the fairing continues to move to the open position. During this process, the pusher slides from the first end to the second end in the guide groove.

[0018] In some embodiments of the present invention, during the automatic closing process of the fairing, it sequentially passes through the open position, the middle position, and the closed position;

[0019] During the process of the fairing moving from the open position to the middle position, the power output end of the electric drive component retracts, driving the first adapter to rotate in the second direction. The pusher is located at the second end of the guide groove and rotates with the first adapter under the push of the groove wall, thereby driving the rotating arm mechanism to move, providing the fairing with the closing driving force, so that the fairing moves to the middle position.

[0020] During the process of the fairing moving from the middle position to the closed position, the electric drive component remains unchanged. The gas spring crosses the mechanical critical point and provides the closing driving force to the fairing through the rotating arm mechanism, so that the fairing continues to move to the closed position. During this process, the pusher slides from the second end to the first end in the guide groove.

[0021] In some embodiments of the present invention, during the manual opening of the above-mentioned flow guide, an external opening driving force is applied to the flow guide to overcome the closing driving force provided by the gas spring, during which the pusher slides from the first end of the guide groove to the second end.

[0022] In some embodiments of the present invention, the invention further includes:

[0023] A locking device, which is installed at the hinge point between the power output end of the electric drive component and the first adapter, includes a housing, a locking element, and an elastic element;

[0024] The housing is fixedly connected to the first adapter, the locking element is slidably disposed inside the housing, and the elastic element is sleeved outside the locking element;

[0025] The locking member has a locking position and an unlocking position inside the housing. When the locking member slides to the locking position, the locking member passes through the first adapter and the power output end of the electric drive, making the first adapter and the power output end of the electric drive hinged. When the locking member slides to the unlocking position, the first adapter and the power output end of the electric drive are separated.

[0026] In some embodiments of the present invention, the rotating arm mechanism includes a first rotating arm and a connecting member. One end of the first rotating arm is hinged to a support plate, and the other end is hinged to the connecting member. The end of the connecting member away from the first rotating arm is connected to a flow guide. A pushing member is disposed on the first rotating arm.

[0027] In some embodiments of the present invention, the rotating arm mechanism further includes a second rotating arm, one end of which is hinged to a support plate and the other end of which is hinged to a connecting member.

[0028] In some embodiments of the present invention, the power mechanism and the auxiliary power mechanism are respectively disposed on both sides of the support plate.

[0029] In some embodiments of the present invention, an adapter is further included, through which the rotating arm mechanism is connected to the fairing.

[0030] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0031] 1. This invention sets up two power sources, an electric drive component and a gas spring, to provide power for the movement of the swing arm mechanism in stages. Whether the fairing is automatically opening or closing, the first stage is powered by the electric drive component and the second stage is powered by the gas spring, thus realizing the automatic opening and closing of the fairing hatch.

[0032] 2. The opening and closing mechanism provided by the present invention can effectively reduce the size of the electric drive component because the electric drive component does not need to provide a power source for the entire stroke, thereby reducing the space occupied by the opening and closing mechanism at the front end of the train.

[0033] 3. The opening and closing mechanism provided by the present invention, by setting a first adapter seat with a guide groove, allows manual pulling of the fairing hatch door to move the pusher in the swing arm assembly from the first end to the second end of the guide groove when the opening and closing mechanism is closed and the electric drive component is abnormally unable to operate. This controls the rotation of the swing arm mechanism and realizes emergency operation of the opening and closing mechanism. After opening the fairing hatch door to the middle position, the electric drive component and the swing arm mechanism can be manually separated to achieve full opening of the opening and closing mechanism. This effectively solves the problem that the electric opening and closing mechanism of trams cannot be manually operated in an emergency when there is no power or the electric drive component fails. Attached Figure Description

[0034] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the fairing opening and closing mechanism;

[0036] Figure 2 This is a top view of the fairing opening and closing mechanism;

[0037] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the power mechanism and the swing arm mechanism;

[0038] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of BB;

[0039] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the auxiliary power mechanism and the swing arm mechanism;

[0040] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the closed position during the automatic opening and closing process of the fairing opening and closing mechanism.

[0041] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the intermediate position of the fairing opening and closing mechanism during automatic opening and closing;

[0042] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the open position during the automatic opening and closing process of the fairing opening and closing mechanism;

[0043] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the closed position during the manual opening and closing process of the fairing opening and closing mechanism;

[0044] Figure 10This is a schematic diagram of the middle position of the fairing opening and closing mechanism during manual opening and closing.

[0045] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the deflector opening and closing mechanism in the closed state.

[0046] Figure 12 A schematic diagram showing the open state of the fairing opening and closing mechanism;

[0047] The attached figures are labeled as follows:

[0048] 1. Radiator fairing;

[0049] 2. Support plate;

[0050] 3. Rotary arm mechanism; 31. First rotary arm; 32. Connecting component; 33. Pushing component; 34. Second rotary arm;

[0051] 4. Power mechanism; 41. Electric drive component; 42. First adapter; 43. First support;

[0052] 5. Auxiliary power mechanism; 51. Gas spring; 52. Second adapter; 53. Third support;

[0053] 6. Locking device; 61. Housing; 62. Locking element; 63. Elastic element;

[0054] 7. Adapter parts. Detailed Implementation

[0055] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the application is described and illustrated below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments provided in this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0056] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular implementations only and is not intended to limit the exemplary implementations according to this application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. Furthermore, it should be understood that the terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such process, method, product, or apparatus.

[0057] Where there is no conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0058] The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0059] As attached Figure 1 - Appendix Figure 12 As shown in the schematic embodiment of the fairing opening and closing mechanism of the present invention, the fairing opening and closing mechanism is applicable to trains that cannot provide an air source to the front opening and closing mechanism, such as low-floor trams. The fairing opening and closing mechanism includes a support plate 2, a rotating arm mechanism 3, a power mechanism 4, and an auxiliary power mechanism 5.

[0060] Support plate 2, fixed to the front end of the train body, serves as a load-bearing platform for fixing the swing arm mechanism 3, power mechanism 4, and auxiliary power mechanism 5 to the train body, thus forming an integrated support structure. Support plate 2 is fixedly connected to the train body through a reasonable installation method (such as welding, bolting, etc.) to ensure that the components on support plate 2 remain stable during the opening and closing of the fairing 1.

[0061] One end of the rotating arm mechanism 3 is connected to the support plate 2, and the other end is fixedly connected to the guide shroud 1. A cylindrical pusher 33 is provided on the rotating arm mechanism 3.

[0062] The power mechanism 4 includes a first adapter 42 and an electric drive component 41.

[0063] The first adapter 42 is rotatably connected to the support plate 2 via a rotating shaft and can rotate around the rotating shaft.

[0064] The electric drive component 41 is an electric cylinder, whose cylinder body is fixedly mounted on the support plate 2 via the first support 43. Its power output end is hinged to the first adapter 42 to drive the first adapter 42 to rotate. The first adapter 42 is provided with an arc-shaped guide groove, which includes a first end and a second end. The pusher 33 of the rotating arm mechanism 3 is slidably disposed in the guide groove and slides between the first end and the second end when the first adapter 42 rotates.

[0065] The auxiliary power mechanism 5 includes a second adapter 52 and a gas spring 51. One end of the gas spring 51 is fixedly mounted to the support plate 2 via a second support, and the other end is hinged to the second adapter 52. The second adapter 52 is rotatably connected to the support plate 2 via a rotating shaft and can rotate around the rotating shaft.

[0066] In this embodiment, the rotating shaft passes through the surface of the support plate 2 and is rotatably connected to the support plate 2. One end of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the first adapter 42, and the other end is fixedly connected to the second adapter 52, so that the first adapter 42 and the second adapter 52 rotate synchronously.

[0067] During the automatic opening and closing of the fairing 1, the power mechanism 4 and the auxiliary power mechanism 5 provide the driving force for the fairing 1 in stages. Specifically, the automatic opening process of the fairing 1 sequentially passes through the closed position, the intermediate position, and the open position. During this process, the movement from the closed position to the intermediate position is the first opening stage, and the movement from the intermediate position to the open position is the second opening stage. Similarly, the automatic closing process of the fairing 1 sequentially passes through the open position, the intermediate position, and the closed position. During this process, the movement from the open position to the intermediate position is the first closing stage, and the movement from the intermediate position to the closed position is the second closing stage. The first opening stage and the first closing stage are both driven by an electric cylinder, while the second opening stage and the second closing stage are both driven by a gas spring 51, thus realizing the automatic opening and closing of the fairing hatch.

[0068] The support plate 2, the swing arm mechanism 3, the power mechanism 4, and the auxiliary power mechanism 5 are respectively arranged in two sets on both sides of the front end of the train, and they are all arranged opposite each other. The two sets of swing arm mechanisms 3 are respectively connected to the two ends of the length direction of the fairing 1, and the two sets of power mechanisms 4 and auxiliary power mechanisms 5 operate synchronously to ensure the balance of the fairing hatch opening and closing process.

[0069] As attached Figure 11 - Appendix Figure 12 As shown, when the fairing opening and closing mechanism is closed, it forms an integral part with the train body, protecting the internal components of the train and ensuring the train's aesthetics. When the fairing opening and closing mechanism is open, the coupler extends from inside the train body, enabling coupling with another train.

[0070] In order to keep the fairing door in the corresponding position when it is open or closed, in some embodiments of the present invention, when the fairing 1 is in the closed state, the gas spring 51 continuously provides the fairing 1 with a driving force to keep it closed through the rotating arm mechanism 3, so that the fairing 1 is kept in a stable closed state; in this state, the pusher 33 is located at the first end of the guide groove.

[0071] When the deflector 1 is in the open state, the gas spring 51 provides the deflector 1 with a driving force to keep it open through the rotating arm mechanism 3, so that the deflector 1 is kept in a stable open state; in this state, the pusher 33 is located at the second end of the guide groove.

[0072] In some embodiments of the present invention, during the automatic opening process of the air deflector 1, it sequentially passes through a closed position, an intermediate position, and an open position. The movement from the closed position to the intermediate position constitutes the first opening stage, and the movement from the intermediate position to the open position constitutes the second opening stage. The states of the rotating arm mechanism 3 during the automatic opening process when the air deflector 1 is in the closed, intermediate, and open positions are as shown in the attached figure. Figure 6 - Appendix Figure 8 As shown.

[0073] During the movement of the air deflector 1 from the closed position to the intermediate position, the power output end of the electric drive component 41 extends, driving the first adapter 42 to rotate in the first direction. The pusher 33 remains at the first end of the guide groove and rotates with the first adapter 42 under the push of the groove wall, thereby driving the rotating arm mechanism 3 to move, providing an opening driving force for the air deflector 1, so that the air deflector 1 moves to the intermediate position. During this process, the gas spring 51 always provides a closing driving force to the air deflector 1 that is opposite to the opening driving force, and the closing driving force provided by the gas spring 51 is less than the opening driving force provided by the electric drive component 41.

[0074] During the process of the deflector 1 moving from the middle position to the open position, the electric drive component 41 remains unchanged, the gas spring 51 crosses its own mechanical critical point and provides the opening driving force to the deflector 1 through the rotating arm mechanism 3, so that the deflector 1 continues to move to the open position. During this process, the pusher 33 slides from the first end to the second end in the guide groove.

[0075] In some embodiments of the present invention, during the automatic closing process of the air deflector 1, it sequentially passes through an open position, an intermediate position, and a closed position; the movement from the open position to the intermediate position is the first closing stage, and the movement from the intermediate position to the closed position is the second closing stage. The states of the rotating arm mechanism 3 during the automatic closing process when the air deflector 1 is in the closed position, the intermediate position, and the open position are as shown in the attached figure. Figure 6 - Appendix Figure 8 As shown.

[0076] During the movement of the air deflector 1 from the open position to the intermediate position, the power output end of the electric drive component 41 retracts, driving the first adapter 42 to rotate in the second direction. The pusher 33, located at the second end of the guide groove, rotates with the first adapter 42 under the push of the groove wall, thereby driving the rotating arm mechanism 3 to move and provide a closing driving force for the air deflector 1, causing the air deflector 1 to move to the intermediate position. During this process, the gas spring 51 always provides the air deflector 1 with a closing driving force opposite to the opening driving force, and the closing driving force provided by the gas spring 51 is less than the opening driving force provided by the electric drive component 41.

[0077] During the process of the deflector 1 moving from the middle position to the closed position, the electric drive component 41 remains unchanged, the gas spring 51 crosses the mechanical critical point and provides the deflector 1 with the closing driving force through the rotating arm mechanism 3, so that the deflector 1 continues to move to the closed position. During this process, the pusher 33 slides from the second end to the first end in the guide groove.

[0078] In the above illustrative embodiment, the electric drive unit 41 provides rotational power to the first adapter 42. The guide groove wall on the first adapter 42 drives the pusher 33 on the rotating arm mechanism 3 to move, thereby driving the rotation of the rotating arm mechanism 3, thus driving the opening and closing of the fairing 1 in the first stage. At the same time, the gas spring 51, as an auxiliary power mechanism 5, provides additional power support to the fairing 1 in the second stage. Through the staged power output of the power mechanism 4 and the auxiliary power mechanism 5, the automatic opening and closing of the fairing hatch is realized, improving the stability and efficiency of the automatic opening and closing of the fairing hatch. At the same time, since the electric drive unit 41 does not need to provide a power source for the entire stroke, the requirement for its extension stroke is small, which can effectively reduce the size of the electric drive unit 41 and reduce the space occupied by the opening and closing mechanism at the front of the train.

[0079] In some embodiments of the present invention, during the manual opening of the air deflector 1, an external opening driving force is applied to the air deflector 1 to overcome the closing driving force provided by the gas spring 51. During this process, the pusher 33 slides from the first end to the second end of the guide groove. The states of the rotating arm mechanism 3 during the automatic closing process, when the air deflector 1 is in the closed position and the intermediate position, are as shown in the attached figure. Figure 9 - Appendix Figure 10 As shown.

[0080] In some embodiments of the present invention, a locking device 6 is further included, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 4 As shown, the locking device 6 is installed at the hinge point between the power output end of the electric drive component 41 and the first adapter 42, and includes a housing 61, a locking component 62 and an elastic component 63.

[0081] The housing 61 is cylindrical, with one end fixedly connected to the first adapter 42. The locking member 62 is a locking stud, which is slidably disposed inside the housing 61. The elastic member 63 is a locking spring, which is disposed inside the housing 61 and sleeved on the outside of the locking member 62.

[0082] The locking member 62 has a locking position and an unlocking position along the sliding direction within the housing 61.

[0083] When the locking member 62 slides to the locking position, the locking member 62 is in the state of extending out of the housing 61. The extended end of the locking member 62 passes through the power output end of the first adapter 42 and the electric drive member 41, so that the power output end of the first adapter 42 and the electric drive member 41 are hinged together. At this time, the electric drive member 41 can push the first adapter 42 to rotate.

[0084] When the locking member 62 slides to the unlocked position, the power output ends of the first adapter 42 and the electric drive member 41 separate, and their respective actions do not affect each other.

[0085] The elastic element 63 ensures that the locking element 62 is securely fixed in both the "locked position" and the "unlocked position".

[0086] The locking device 6 can effectively control the connection state between the first adapter 42 and the electric drive component 41, enabling the opening and closing mechanism to have locking and unlocking functions, ensuring the controllability of power output, and preventing the guide shield 1 from abnormal opening and closing due to external force or misoperation. In addition, the combination structure of the locking component 62 and the elastic component 63 is simple, highly reliable, and easy to install and maintain.

[0087] In some embodiments of the present invention, the rotating arm mechanism 3 includes a first rotating arm 31 and a connecting member 32. One end of the first rotating arm 31 is hinged to the support plate 2, and the other end is hinged to the connecting member 32. The end of the connecting member 32 away from the first rotating arm 31 is fixedly connected to the air guide 1. The pushing member 33 is fixedly disposed on the first rotating arm 31, passes through the first rotating arm 31, and is connected at one end to the first adapter seat 42 and at the other end to the second adapter seat 52. Through the combined action of the first rotating arm 31 and the connecting member 32, a stable mechanical transmission structure is formed, which can effectively transmit the movement of the adapter seat to the air guide 1, ensuring the smoothness and synchronicity of the opening and closing action of the air guide 1.

[0088] In some embodiments of the present invention, the rotating arm mechanism 3 further includes a second rotating arm 34, which is arranged in conjunction with the first rotating arm 31. One end of the second rotating arm 34 is hinged to the support plate 2, and the other end is hinged to the connecting member 32. By adding the second rotating arm 34, the mechanical structure of the fairing opening and closing mechanism is further optimized, the load is distributed, the force on a single rotating arm is reduced, and a multi-hinged transmission mechanism is formed, thereby enhancing the stability and load distribution uniformity of the fairing 1 during opening and closing.

[0089] In some embodiments of the present invention, the power mechanism 4 and the auxiliary power mechanism 5 are respectively disposed on both sides of the support plate 2 to ensure that the forces on both sides are balanced.

[0090] In some embodiments of the present invention, an adapter 7 is further included. The rotating arm mechanism 3 is connected to the air deflector 1 via the adapter 7. The adapter 7 can effectively adjust the connection angle and position between the rotating arm mechanism 3 and the air deflector 1, ensuring more precise force transmission and achieving a stable connection between the rotating arm mechanism 3 and the arc-shaped curved surface inside the air deflector 1. In this embodiment, the connector 32 is an L-shaped metal clamp.

[0091] The working principle of the opening and closing mechanism provided by the present invention will be explained below with reference to a specific embodiment.

[0092] In this specific embodiment, the specific structure of the opening and closing mechanism is shown in the attached figure. Figure 1 - Appendix Figure 10 As shown.

[0093] Support plate 2 is connected to the vehicle body.

[0094] One end of the first rotating arm 31 is connected to the support plate 2, and the other end is connected to the connector 32. The end of the adapter 7 away from the first rotating arm 31 is fixedly connected to the fairing door.

[0095] One end of the gas spring 51 is connected to the support plate 2 via the second support, and the other end is hinged to the second adapter 52. One end of the electric cylinder is connected to the support plate 2 via the first support 43, and the other end is hinged to the first adapter 42 via the locking device 6.

[0096] The first adapter 42 and the second adapter 52 can rotate around the rotation axis under the drive of the electric drive unit 41 and the gas spring 51, respectively.

[0097] One end of the pusher 33 on the first rotating arm 31 is fixedly connected to the second adapter 52, and the other end is slidably disposed in a special guide groove of the first adapter 42, and can rotate between the first end and the second end in the groove.

[0098] The automatic opening process of the opening and closing mechanism provided in this specific embodiment is as follows:

[0099] In the first stage, from the "closed position" to the "middle position", the first end of the guide groove on the first adapter 42 contacts the pusher 33. When the electric cylinder provides driving force to start pushing the first adapter 42 to rotate, the pusher 33 can force the first rotating arm 31 to rotate, thereby overcoming the closing driving force provided by the gas spring 51 and making the opening and closing mechanism reach the "middle position".

[0100] After reaching the "middle position", the second-stage electric cylinder stops operating. At this time, the gas spring 51 has passed its mechanical critical point, i.e., the "dead point" position. It changes from initially providing the closing driving force to providing the opening driving force. Then, the gas spring 51 provides the driving force through the pusher 33 to make the first rotating arm 31 continue to rotate until it reaches the "open position". The pusher 33 slides from the first end to the second end in the guide groove of the first adapter 42.

[0101] Once the open position is reached, the gas spring 51 continuously provides a locking force to keep the open position, thus keeping the opening and closing mechanism stably in the locked position.

[0102] The automatic closing process of the opening and closing mechanism provided in this specific embodiment is as follows:

[0103] In the first stage, from the "open position" to the "middle position", since the second end of the guide groove on the first adapter 42 is in contact with the pusher 33, the electric cylinder still provides the driving force, which begins to retract and drive the first adapter 42 to rotate in the opposite direction. The pusher 33 forces the first rotating arm 31 to rotate, overcoming the opening force provided by the gas spring 51, so that the opening and closing mechanism reaches the "middle position".

[0104] After reaching the "middle position", the second-stage electric cylinder stops operating and reaches the closed position. At this time, the gas spring 51 once again crosses its mechanical critical point, that is, the "dead point" position, and changes from initially providing the opening driving force to providing the closing driving force. Then, the gas spring 51 provides the driving force through the pusher 33 to make the first rotating arm 31 continue to rotate until the "closed position" is reached. The pusher 33 slides from the second end to the first end in the guide groove of the first adapter 42.

[0105] Once the closed position is reached, the gas spring 51 continuously provides a locking force to keep the closed position, thus keeping the opening and closing mechanism stably in the locked position.

[0106] The manual opening process of the opening and closing mechanism provided in this specific embodiment is as follows:

[0107] When the electric cylinder is without power or malfunctions, it cannot operate, automatic operation cannot be achieved, and when the fairing hatch is closed, it is impossible for a person to manually unlock or replace or repair the electric cylinder.

[0108] At this time, although the electric cylinder cannot extend, due to the special guide groove design of the first adapter 42, the operator only needs to overcome the closing force of the gas spring 51 and manually pull the opening and closing mechanism guide fairing door to make the first rotating arm 31 rotate, and the pusher 33 slides from the first end to the second end in the guide groove of the first adapter 42.

[0109] In this intermediate position, the fairing hatch has changed from a fully closed position to a half-open position. The operator can now observe all the components inside the opening and closing mechanism from the outside, and can then unlock the locking device 6, retract the locking stud, separate the electric cylinder and the first adapter 42, and then continue to pull the fairing hatch until it is fully open, thus enabling manual operation in an emergency.

[0110] Finally, it should be noted that the various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0111] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the specific implementation of the present invention or equivalent substitutions can be made to some technical features without departing from the spirit of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications and substitutions should be covered within the scope of the technical solutions claimed in the present invention.

Claims

1. A fairing opening and closing mechanism, characterized in that, include: Support plate, fixedly installed on the train body; The rotating arm mechanism is connected at one end to the support plate and at the other end to the air guide; the rotating arm mechanism is equipped with a pusher. The power mechanism includes a first adapter and an electric drive component; the first adapter is rotatably connected to the support plate. The electric drive component is fixedly installed on the support plate, and its power output end is hinged to the first adapter to drive the first adapter to rotate; the first adapter is provided with a guide groove, and the pusher is slidably disposed in the guide groove; An auxiliary power mechanism includes a second adapter seat and a gas spring; one end of the gas spring is fixedly mounted on the support plate, and the other end is hinged to the second adapter seat; the second adapter seat is rotatably connected to the support plate and fixedly connected to the pusher. During the automatic opening and closing of the fairing, the power mechanism and the auxiliary power mechanism drive the rotating arm mechanism to move in stages, thereby providing motion power for the fairing.

2. The deflector opening and closing mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the air deflector is in the closed state, the gas spring continuously provides a closing driving force to the air deflector through the rotating arm mechanism, and the pusher is located at the first end of the guide groove; When the air deflector is in the open state, the gas spring continuously provides an opening driving force to the air deflector through the rotating arm mechanism, and the pusher is located at the second end of the guide groove.

3. The flow guide opening and closing mechanism according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, During the automatic opening process of the air deflector, it passes through the closed position, the middle position, and the open position in sequence. During the process of the flow guide shroud moving from the closed position to the middle position, the power output end of the electric drive component extends out, driving the first adapter to rotate in the first direction. The pusher is located at the first end of the guide groove and rotates with the first adapter under the push of the groove wall, thereby driving the rotating arm mechanism to move, providing an opening driving force for the flow guide shroud, so that the flow guide shroud moves to the middle position. During the process of the flow guide moving from the middle position to the open position, the electric drive component remains unchanged, the gas spring passes the mechanical critical point and continues to provide the flow guide with the opening driving force through the rotating arm mechanism, so that the flow guide continues to move to the open position. During this process, the pusher slides from the first end to the second end in the guide groove.

4. The flow guide opening and closing mechanism according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, During the automatic closing process of the air deflector, it sequentially passes through the open position, the middle position, and the closed position. During the process of the flow guide moving from the open position to the middle position, the power output end of the electric drive unit retracts, driving the first adapter to rotate in the second direction. The pusher is located at the second end of the guide groove and rotates with the first adapter under the push of the groove wall, thereby driving the rotating arm mechanism to move, providing the flow guide with the closing driving force, so that the flow guide moves to the middle position. During the process of the flow guide moving from the middle position to the closed position, the electric drive component remains unchanged. The gas spring crosses the mechanical critical point and provides a closing driving force to the flow guide through the rotating arm mechanism, so that the flow guide continues to move to the closed position. During this process, the pusher slides from the second end to the first end in the guide groove.

5. The flow guide opening and closing mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that, During the manual opening of the air deflector, an external opening driving force is applied to the air deflector to overcome the closing driving force provided by the gas spring. During this process, the pusher slides from the first end of the guide groove to the second end.

6. The deflector opening and closing mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, Further includes: A locking device, which is installed at the hinge point between the power output end of the electric drive component and the first adapter, includes a housing, a locking element, and an elastic element; The housing is fixedly connected to the first adapter seat, the locking member is slidably disposed inside the housing, and the elastic member is sleeved on the outside of the locking member; The locking member has a locking position and an unlocking position within the housing. When the locking member slides to the locking position, it passes through the first adapter and the power output end of the electric drive, causing the first adapter and the power output end of the electric drive to be hinged. When the locking member slides to the unlocking position, the first adapter and the power output end of the electric drive are separated.

7. The deflector opening and closing mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotating arm mechanism includes a first rotating arm and a connecting member. One end of the first rotating arm is hinged to the support plate, and the other end is hinged to the connecting member. The end of the connecting member away from the first rotating arm is connected to the guide shield. The pushing member is disposed on the first rotating arm.

8. The deflector opening and closing mechanism according to claim 7, characterized in that, The rotating arm mechanism further includes a second rotating arm, one end of which is hinged to the support plate and the other end of which is hinged to the connecting member.

9. The deflector opening and closing mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power mechanism and the auxiliary power mechanism are respectively located on both sides of the support plate.

10. The deflector opening and closing mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, It further includes an adapter, through which the rotating arm mechanism is connected to the fairing.

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