Inorganic composition synergistic potash fertilizer and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to an inorganic composition synergistic potash fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the field of fertilizers, the inorganic composition synergistic potash fertilizer comprises the following raw materials by weight: 30-50 parts of an inorganic material and 40-60 parts of an inorganic salt. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) weighing the components in parts by weight; (2) processing the blocky inorganic material into powder; (3) uniformly mixing the powder obtained in the step (2) with inorganic salt to obtain a mixed dry material; (4) uniformly mixing the mixed dry material obtained in the step (3) with water to obtain a mixed wet material; and (5) carrying out a granulation process on the mixed wet material to obtain nearly spherical particles. The invention has the advantages that: the slate tailings and the natural zeolite are utilized to provide silicon, calcium, magnesium, iron, manganese and other trace elements required by crop growth, and the adsorbability and ion exchange performance of inorganic materials are utilized to slowly release potassium chloride and prolong the fertilizer efficiency; by utilizing the microparticle effect of the inorganic material combination, the granular structure of the soil is improved, and the air permeability of the soil is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to an inorganic composite synergistic potash fertilizer, belonging to the field of potash fertilizer preparation. Background Art

[0002] There are many disadvantages in the application of common potassium chloride products in agriculture, mainly including the following points:

[0003] Soil adsorption problem: Ordinary potassium chloride is easily adsorbed by the soil, resulting in a decrease in its utilization rate. This adsorption limits the efficiency of potassium absorption by crops, greatly reducing the effectiveness of fertilizers.

[0004] Water loss problem: Due to the strong water solubility of potassium chloride, excessive application or improper fertilization methods may cause potassium ions to be lost with rainwater or irrigation water, resulting in resource waste and environmental pollution.

[0005] Low utilization rate: The application of ordinary potassium chloride is often accompanied by a low fertilizer utilization rate. Although crops absorb potassium quickly, the proportion of potassium actually used by crops is not high due to the above-mentioned soil adsorption and water loss problems.

[0006] Short fertilizer effect: Due to the easy loss of potassium chloride, its lasting effect in the soil is short, and frequent applications are required to maintain the potassium level required for crop growth, which not only increases costs but also increases the impact on the environment.

[0007] Environmental pollution: After potassium chloride is applied, chloride ions may flow into groundwater or rivers with water, affecting water quality and causing environmental pollution. In addition, long-term use may also lead to soil acidification, further affecting soil health and the ecological environment.

[0008] Lack of trace elements: Ordinary potassium chloride mainly provides potassium and cannot provide the trace elements required for crop growth, such as silicon, calcium, magnesium, iron, manganese, etc., which are also essential for the healthy growth of crops.

[0009] Impact on specific crops: Some crops such as potatoes, sweet potatoes, watermelons, and melons are sensitive to chlorine. The application of potassium chloride may lead to a decline in the quality of these crops, such as reducing sweetness and flavor, affecting commercial value.

[0010] Soil salinization problem: Using potassium chloride in soil with a high degree of salinization may aggravate soil salt accumulation, aggravate secondary salinization disorders, and affect crop growth.

[0011] In summary, there are a series of problems in the use of ordinary potassium chloride products, which not only affect the growth and yield of crops, but also may have adverse effects on the environment. Therefore, it is particularly important to develop new high-efficiency potassium fertilizers to improve fertilizer utilization, reduce environmental pollution, and provide the trace elements required by crops. Summary of the invention

[0012] In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the present invention provides an inorganic composite synergistic potash fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. The technical solution of the present invention is:

[0013] An inorganic composite synergistic potash fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-50 parts of inorganic materials and 40-60 parts of inorganic salts.

[0014] The inorganic material is an inorganic composition, which includes slate tailings and natural zeolite. The weight of the slate tailings is 7-10 parts, and the weight of the natural zeolite is 10-30 parts.

[0015] The inorganic salt is potassium chloride or potassium sulfate.

[0016] A method for preparing a synergistic potash fertilizer based on an inorganic composition comprises the following steps:

[0017] (1) Weigh each component according to weight;

[0018] (2) Processing bulk inorganic materials into -200 mesh powders;

[0019] (3) uniformly mixing the powder obtained in step (2) with an inorganic salt to obtain a mixed dry material;

[0020] (4) uniformly mixing the mixed dry material obtained in step (3) with water to obtain a mixed wet material; wherein the mass ratio of the mixed dry material to water is 8-10:1,

[0021] (5) The mixed wet material is subjected to a granulation process to obtain nearly spherical particles with a particle size of 2-4.75 mm.

[0022] In the step (5), the granulation process is extrusion granulation or high tower granulation.

[0023] The mass fraction of potassium in the nearly spherical particles is ≥36%, and the moisture content is ≤1%.

[0024] The advantages of the present invention are: utilizing slate tailings and natural zeolite to provide trace elements such as silicon, calcium, magnesium, iron, manganese and the like required for crop growth, exerting the synergistic effect of multiple elements to improve the comprehensive fertilizer effect of potassium chloride or potassium sulfate; utilizing the adsorption and ion exchange properties of inorganic materials to slowly release potassium chloride or potassium sulfate and prolong the fertilizer effect; utilizing the micro-particle effect of the inorganic material combination to improve the soil aggregate structure, and improve the air permeability, water permeability and root growth characteristics of the soil. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1It is a flow chart of a method for preparing an inorganic composition synergistic potash fertilizer according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 2 A plant height comparison chart obtained from an experiment to verify the effect of the inorganic composition synergistic potash fertilizer of the present application;

[0027] Figure 3 A chlorophyll comparison chart obtained from an experiment to verify the effect of the inorganic composition synergistic potash fertilizer of the present application;

[0028] Figure 4 A comparison chart of dry biomass obtained from an experiment to verify the effect of the inorganic composition synergistic potash fertilizer of the present application;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a yield comparison chart obtained from an experiment to verify the effect of the inorganic composition synergistic potash fertilizer of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments, and the advantages and features of the present invention will become clearer as the description proceeds. However, these embodiments are exemplary only and do not constitute any limitation to the scope of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the details and forms of the technical solution of the present invention may be modified or replaced without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, but these modifications and replacements all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] The present invention proposes an inorganic composite potash fertilizer, which comprises the following components by weight percentage: 40% of slate tailings and natural zeolite, and 60% of potassium chloride. The ratio of slate tailings to natural zeolite can be 7-10 slate tailings: 10-30; preferably 8-10 slate tailings: 22-30 natural zeolite.

[0032] The applicant has found that among the inorganic composite potash fertilizers in different forms, the inorganic composite potash fertilizers that have been granulated into particles have better release effects, especially the nearly spherical inorganic composite potash fertilizer particles, especially the nearly spherical inorganic composite potash fertilizer particles with a particle size of about 2-4.0 mm.

[0033] The fertilizer granules are tested according to the national standard GB / T 37918-2019 for fertilizer-grade potassium chloride. The technical indicators of the fertilizer granules are as follows:

[0034] Serial number project Technical indicators 1 Mass fraction of potassium oxide (K2O) % ≥ 36 2 Water mass fraction % ≤ 1 3 Particle size d2mm-4.75mm≥ 90

[0035] The advantages of the present application are shown below by describing the formula and preparation process of the embodiments and comparative examples, wherein slate tailings, natural zeolite, potassium chloride, potassium chloride, monoammonium phosphate and compound fertilizer are all purchased from the conventional market.

[0036] Example 1: An inorganic composite potash fertilizer comprises the following components by weight: 30% slate tailings, 10% natural zeolite, and 60% potassium chloride.

[0037] The preparation method of the inorganic composite synergistic potash fertilizer is as follows: Figure 1 The following steps are shown:

[0038] Step S100, the blocky slate tailings and the natural zeolite are respectively processed by Raymond mill into powders with the proportion of -200 mesh particles being ≥97%, where -200 mesh refers to the material under the 200 mesh sieve.

[0039] Step S200, mixing the blocky slate tailing powder, the natural zeolite powder and potassium chloride evenly to obtain a mixed dry material.

[0040] Step S300, uniformly mixing the mixed dry material with water accounting for 3% by weight of the mixed dry material to obtain a mixed wet material.

[0041] Step S400, granulating, screening, drying, shaping and screening the mixed wet material with a double-roll extrusion granulator to obtain a nearly spherical synergistic potash fertilizer with a particle size of about 2-4.75 mm.

[0042] Example 2: An inorganic composite potash fertilizer comprises the following components by weight: 20% slate tailings, 20% natural zeolite, and 60% potassium chloride. The preparation method of the inorganic composite potash fertilizer is the same as that of Example 1.

[0043] Example 3: An inorganic composite potash fertilizer comprises the following components by weight: 15% slate tailings, 25% natural zeolite, and 60% potassium chloride. The preparation method of the potash fertilizer is the same as that of Example 1.

[0044] Example 4: An inorganic composite potash fertilizer comprises the following components by weight: 8% slate tailings, 32% natural zeolite, and 60% potassium chloride. The preparation method of the inorganic composite potash fertilizer is the same as that of Example 1.

[0045] Comparative Example 1: Instead of using the inorganic composite potash fertilizer, only commercially available compound fertilizer was applied per mu, equivalent to N and P 2 O 5 , K 2 O content is 7.5kg, 7.5kg and 7.5kg per mu respectively.

[0046] Comparative Example 2: Using the above inorganic composite potash fertilizer, only commercially available compound fertilizer was applied per mu, equivalent to N, P 2 O 5 , K2 O content is 9.0kg, 9.0kg and 9.0kg per mu respectively.

[0047] Test methods, such as Figure 2 As shown:

[0048] A farmland in Zhaocun, Panggezhuang Town, Daxing District, Beijing was selected as the experimental site. It has irrigation conditions, the soil is tidal soil, and the soil quality and soil nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other nutrient contents are roughly the same. The experiment has 6 treatment groups, each treatment is repeated 3 times, and the plots are randomly arranged; each plot has an area of ​​1 mu.

[0049] Step S801: The inorganic composite synergistic potash fertilizer prepared in Examples 1 to 4 is respectively mixed with commercially available potassium chloride and monoammonium phosphate and used as base fertilizer, and is turned into a 1 to 20 cm tillage layer according to the normal tillage system one day before cultivation.

[0050] The fertilizer content in the plot was adjusted so that the base fertilizer applied to all the treated plots in Examples 1 to 4 included the inorganic composition potash fertilizer and commercially available potassium chloride and monoammonium phosphate, equivalent to N, P 2 O 5 , K 2 The amount of O is 7.5 kg;

[0051] In comparative example 1, the above-mentioned potash fertilizer was not used as base fertilizer, but the N, P 2 O 5 , K 2 O content of each 7.5kg per mu of commercial compound fertilizer. For example, the specification of N = 15%, P 2 O 5 =15%, K 2 O = 15% compound fertilizer.

[0052] In comparative example 2, the above-mentioned potash fertilizer was not used as base fertilizer, but the N, P 2 O 5 , K 2 O content of each 9.0kg per mu of commercial compound fertilizer. For example, the specification of N = 15%, P 2 O 5 =15%, K 2 O = 15% compound fertilizer.

[0053] Step S803: Initial machine sowing of corn, the treatment group and the control group were topdressed with commercially available urea at 20 kg per mu during the jointing stage. After autumn harvest, the corn grain yield per mu and the corn grain nitrogen content of Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 and 1 were measured according to agricultural yield measurement rules, and the results are shown in Table 1.

[0054] Table 1 Corn yield and grain nitrogen content in the examples and comparative examples

[0055]

[0056]

[0057] Table 1 shows that compared with Comparative Example 1, the inorganic composite potash fertilizer corresponding to the embodiment of the present invention has a significant improvement on corn yield and grain potassium oxide content. Among them, the inorganic composite slow-release potassium chloride of Example 4 has the best effect; although the N, P of Comparative Example 2 2 O 5 , K 2 The application rate of O was increased by 20% compared with Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Example 1, but the corn yield and grain nitrogen content were still less than those of Examples 1 to 4.

[0058] The applicant commissioned the Institute of Plant Nutrition and Resources and Environment of Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences to conduct a field experiment comparing the compound fertilizer based on the synergistic potassium fertilizer of this application with conventional compound fertilizer. The field soil is light (sandy) tidal soil with physical and chemical properties: organic matter 14.5g / kg, total nitrogen 0.84g / kg, available phosphorus 52.64mg / kg, fast-acting potassium 71mg / kg and pH 8.4.

[0059] The compound fertilizer based on the enhanced potash fertilizer of this application contains 67.6kg / mu of enhanced potash fertilizer, 9.9kg / mu of urea (46%), and 16.3kg / mu of diamine (18-46-0). Conventional compound fertilizer is 50kg / mu at a ratio of 15%-15%-15%. The experiment also verified the effect of reduced fertilizer application of enhanced potassium chloride. According to N-P2O5-KO2 (15-15-15), 40kg (15-15-15) fertilizer per mu, then 13kg / mu of diamine, 7.8kg / mu of urea, and 53.7kg / mu of enhanced potash fertilizer were applied.

[0060] Figures 2 to 5 The plant height, chlorophyll, dry biomass and comparison of the above-mentioned field experiment and the comparison bar graph of the final yield are respectively shown. In the figure, the synergistic potash fertilizer refers to the compound fertilizer of the synergistic potash fertilizer of this application, and the synergistic reduction refers to the fertilization of the synergistic potash fertilizer with reduced dosage. It can be seen from the figure that although there is no obvious difference in various methods of indicators such as plant height and chlorophyll in the early stage, the dry matter mass and the final yield in the later stage of growth are the highest with the synergistic potash fertilizer, which is significantly higher than the conventional fertilization treatment by 12.96%, and the synergistic potash fertilizer with reduced dosage is second. The above results fully show that in the sandy land with water leakage and fertilizer leakage, the synergistic slow-release material does have the effect of adsorption and re-release supply of nutrients. Combined with the biomass of the soil column simulation test, the synergistic potash fertilizer has played a role in increasing production and achieved the purpose of "weight loss and efficiency increase".

[0061] In the present invention, the following advantages are achieved:

[0062] 1) The dissolution and release rate of potassium chloride are improved by composite granulation of slate tailings, natural zeolite and potassium chloride, and the dissolution rate of potassium chloride and soil adsorption loss, water leaching loss and oxidation loss are slowed down;

[0063] 2) By adding slate tailings and natural zeolite, the necessary trace elements such as silicon, calcium, magnesium, iron, and manganese are provided for crop growth, and the comprehensive fertilizer effect of potassium chloride can be improved through the synergistic effect of multiple elements:

[0064] 3) By adding slate tailings and natural zeolite, using their adsorption and ion exchange properties, potassium chloride is slowly released to prolong the fertilizer effect;

[0065] 4) By adding slate tailings and natural zeolite and utilizing their micro-particle effect, the soil aggregate structure is improved, and the soil's air permeability, water permeability and root growth characteristics are enhanced.

[0066] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An inorganic composite potash fertilizer, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-50 parts of inorganic materials and 40-60 parts of inorganic salts.

2. The inorganic composition synergistic potash fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inorganic material is natural zeolite.

3. The inorganic composition synergistic potash fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inorganic material is an inorganic composition, which includes slate tailings and natural zeolite. The weight of the slate tailings is 7-10 parts, and the weight of the natural zeolite is 10-30 parts.

4. The inorganic composition synergistic potash fertilizer according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The inorganic salt is potassium chloride or potassium sulfate.

5. A method for preparing an inorganic composition-enhanced potash fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Weigh each component according to weight; (2) Processing bulk inorganic materials into -200 mesh powders; (3) uniformly mixing the powder obtained in step (2) with an inorganic salt to obtain a mixed dry material; (4) uniformly mixing the mixed dry material obtained in step (3) with water to obtain a mixed wet material; wherein the mass ratio of the mixed dry material to water is 8-10:1, (5) The mixed wet material is subjected to a granulation process to obtain nearly spherical particles with a particle size of 2-4.75 mm.

6. The method for preparing the inorganic composition synergistic potash fertilizer according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the step (5), the granulation process is extrusion granulation or high tower granulation.

7. The method for preparing the inorganic composition synergistic potash fertilizer according to claim 6, characterized in that: The mass fraction of potassium in the nearly spherical particles is ≥36%, and the moisture content is ≤1%.

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