Isothermal graded quenching oil and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of isothermal graded quenching oil, in particular to isothermal graded quenching oil and a preparation method thereof. The isothermal graded quenching oil comprises the following substances in parts by weight: 70-90 parts of base oil; 10 to 15 parts of bright stock; 0.1 to 0.8 part of polyisobutylene succinimide; 1 to 5 parts of polyisobutene; the base oil comprises base oil with the viscosity of 150-170mm < 2 > / s at 100 DEG C. According to the invention, the viscosity of the base oil is optimized, and the base oil with the viscosity of 150-170mm < 2 > / s at 100 DEG C is selected, so that the basic lubricating property and thermal stability of the oil product are provided. The base oil with the viscosity of 150-170mm < 2 > / s at the temperature of 100 DEG C is selected to ensure that the oil product still has good flowability and cooling performance under the high-temperature condition, so that the stability and the uniformity in the quenching process are ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of isothermal graded quenching oil, and in particular to an isothermal graded quenching oil and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of modern industry, the performance requirements for metal materials are increasing day by day. Quenching, as a key link in the heat treatment process, largely determines the hardness, strength, wear resistance and other important properties of metal materials. Traditional quenching media such as water and ordinary quenching oil have some difficult to overcome problems, which prompts people to continuously explore new quenching media to meet higher demands.

[0003] In this context, isothermal graded quenching oil came into being. It is a special quenching cooling medium that can achieve a relatively stable cooling rate within a specific temperature range, thereby effectively controlling the structural transformation of the workpiece during the quenching process.

[0004] Although isothermal graded quenching oil can adjust the cooling rate according to the temperature range to a certain extent, in actual application, there is still the phenomenon of uneven cooling. For workpieces with complex shapes and large differences in wall thickness, some parts may cool too fast or too slow. For example, the thin-walled part may cool faster than expected due to faster heat dissipation, which may easily cause local stress concentration and cause deformation or cracking; while the thick-walled part may not be cooled enough, and the formation of non-martensitic structure cannot be effectively suppressed, affecting the hardness and strength after quenching. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to improve the defect of uneven cooling of the existing isothermal graded quenching oil, the present application provides an isothermal graded quenching oil.

[0006] An isothermal graded quenching oil comprises the following substances in parts by weight: Base oil 70-90 parts; 10-15 parts of bright oil; 0.1 to 0.8 parts of polyisobutylene succinimide; 1-5 parts of polyisobutylene; The base oil includes a base oil with a viscosity of 150-170 mm2 / s at 100°C.

[0007] Through the above technical solution, the present application optimizes the viscosity of the base oil, and selects a base oil with a viscosity of 150-170 mm at 100 °C. 2 / s base oil, which provides the basic lubrication performance and thermal stability of the oil. The base oil with a viscosity of 150-170mm2 / s at 100℃ is selected to ensure that the oil still has good fluidity and cooling performance under high temperature conditions, thereby ensuring the stability and uniformity of the quenching process. Bright oil is used to improve the surface quality of the workpiece after quenching, reduce oxidation and decarburization, and make the surface of the workpiece after quenching brighter and smoother. Bright oil usually contains antioxidants and anti-corrosion agents, which help to extend the service life of the workpiece. Polyisobutylene succinimide (0.1-0.8 parts) is an efficient detergent dispersant that can effectively prevent the oil from generating sediment during use, maintain the cleanliness of the oil, and at the same time improve the oil's antioxidant properties and extend the service life of the oil. Polyisobutylene plays a thickening and stabilizing role, enhancing the adhesion and shear resistance of the oil, ensuring that the oil film will not easily break during high-speed quenching, and providing a continuous and stable cooling effect. The reasonable ratio of these ingredients makes the quenching oil not only have excellent cooling and lubricating properties, but also effectively protect the surface quality of the workpiece, and has a long service life and high stability.

[0008] Furthermore, the base oil with a viscosity of 150-170 mm2 / s at 100°C is prepared by the following technical solution: Take the refined oil and place it in a reaction device, add a catalyst and heat it up, keep it warm and stir it for reaction, take the upper layer of oil, wash and dry it, and then distill out the light component fraction to prepare the base oil with a viscosity of 150-170mm2 / s at 100℃.

[0009] Through the above technical scheme, the present application places the refined oil in a reaction device, and adds a catalyst for heating and heat preservation and stirring reaction, so as to adjust the molecular structure of the oil product to reach the desired viscosity range. First, a preliminary polymerization reaction is carried out by the catalyst to induce the breaking and recombination of chemical bonds in the oil product to form a new molecular structure. Subsequently, the temperature is raised to 70-90°C, and the heat preservation polymerization reaction is continued to further optimize the molecular structure to achieve higher viscosity and stability. After the reaction is completed, the upper layer of oil is taken out, washed and dried to remove impurities and by-products generated during the reaction. Finally, the light component fraction is separated by distillation, and the heavy oil is retained as the base oil. This process not only improves the purity of the oil product, but also ensures its stability and fluidity under high temperature conditions.

[0010] Furthermore, the refined oil is prepared by the following technical solution: The coking kerosene fraction is taken and a complexing extractant is added to perform multi-stage complexing extraction, and the raffinate phase is distilled to separate the α-olefin-rich component; after water washing, the refined oil is dehydrated and impurities are removed to prepare the refined oil.

[0011] Through the above technical scheme, the present application forms a complex with the target compound by a complexing agent, thereby achieving selective separation. In this process, α-olefins are separated from other hydrocarbon compounds to form an extraction phase rich in α-olefins. α-olefins have excellent thermal stability and lubricity, and are ideal base oil raw materials. Next, the residual phase is distilled to further separate the light components and retain the heavy components as refined oil. After water washing, the residual complexing agent and other impurities are removed, and then the bleaching earth is used for dehydration and impurity removal to ensure the purity and stability of the refined oil. The advantage of this method is that it can efficiently separate high-value α-olefin components, remove impurities, and improve the quality and performance of the oil. The refined oil finally obtained not only has excellent thermal stability and lubricity, but also can maintain good fluidity and cooling effect under high temperature conditions.

[0012] Furthermore, the complexing extractant is Ag+N-methylpyrrolidone.

[0013] Through the above technical solution, the present application specifies the specific components of the complexing extractant. The combination of Ag+ ions and N-methylpyrrolidone has excellent selectivity and complexing ability, and can efficiently extract α-olefin components from coking kerosene fractions.

[0014] Ag+ ions, as a metal ion, can form a stable complex with α-olefins, while N-methylpyrrolidone, as a polar solvent, enhances the solubility and extraction efficiency of the complexing agent. The combination of the two can achieve efficient separation effects with lower energy consumption and shorter time. In addition, the Ag+N-methylpyrrolidone complexing extractant has good stability and reusability, reducing production costs and environmental pollution. In this way, the extraction rate of α-olefins can be significantly improved, thereby improving the quality and performance of refined oil.

[0015] Furthermore, the dehydrating agent used for the dehydration and impurity removal is white clay.

[0016] Furthermore, the catalyst is BF3.

[0017] Through the above technical solution, in the preparation process of base oil, BF3 as a catalyst can accelerate the reaction rate between molecules, promote the polymerization reaction of long-chain hydrocarbon compounds in the oil product, and generate compounds with higher molecular weight. This not only increases the viscosity of the oil product, but also enhances its thermal stability and antioxidant properties.

[0018] Furthermore, the heating, heat preservation and stirring reaction comprises the following steps: After the polymerization reaction is carried out at 30-40°C for 5-8 hours, the temperature is raised to 70-90°C, and the polymerization reaction is carried out at this temperature for 1-2 hours, and then the mixture is allowed to settle for 2 hours.

[0019] Furthermore, the isothermal graded quenching oil further comprises 0.1-1.0 parts by weight of a detergent dispersant, wherein the detergent dispersant comprises any one of alkyl calcium salicylate or succinimide.

[0020] Through the above technical solution, the present application introduces a detergent dispersant to ensure that the quenching oil maintains cleanliness and dispersion during use. The main function of the detergent dispersant is to prevent the oil from generating sediment and carbon deposition under high temperature conditions and maintain the cleanliness and fluidity of the oil.

[0021] Calcium alkyl salicylate and succinimide are two commonly used detergent dispersants, each with different advantages. Calcium alkyl salicylate has good alkalinity and detergent properties, and can neutralize acidic substances in oil products to prevent acid corrosion. At the same time, it also has excellent dispersing properties, which can evenly disperse suspended particles in oil products to prevent their deposition.

[0022] Succinimide has stronger polarity and adsorption capacity, and can absorb tiny particles and colloidal substances in oil products to prevent them from aggregating and depositing. In addition, succinimide also has certain antioxidant properties, which can delay the aging and deterioration of oil products.

[0023] By adding an appropriate amount of detergent dispersant, it is possible to effectively prevent the oil from generating sediment during use, maintain the cleanliness and fluidity of the oil, thereby extending the service life of the oil and improving the surface quality of the workpiece.

[0024] Furthermore, the isothermal graded quenching oil further comprises 0.1-1.0 parts by weight of an antioxidant, wherein the antioxidant comprises at least one of a phenolic antioxidant and an amine antioxidant.

[0025] In a second aspect, the present application provides a method for preparing an isothermal graded quenching oil, using the following technical solution: A method for preparing isothermal graded quenching oil comprises the following preparation steps: After preheating the base oil and bright oil in the formula, stirring and mixing, taking the remaining components and adding them in sequence, stirring and mixing and standing to degas, the isothermal graded quenching oil can be prepared.

[0026] Through the above technical solution, the present application preheats the base oil and bright stock to an appropriate temperature to facilitate subsequent mixing operations. Preheating can reduce the viscosity of the oil products, which is beneficial to the uniform dispersion of each component. Then, the preheated base oil and bright stock are stirred and mixed to ensure the full fusion of the two oil products. Next, the remaining components (such as polyisobutenyl succinimide, polyisobutene, detergent-dispersant, and antioxidant) are added in sequence, and after each addition, sufficient stirring is carried out to ensure its uniform dispersion in the oil products. This can avoid excessive or too low local concentration, which may affect the overall performance of the oil products. Finally, the mixed oil products are left standing for defoaming to remove the bubbles generated during the stirring process. The defoaming operation can improve the purity and stability of the oil products, ensuring that the cooling effect or lubrication performance will not be affected by bubbles during use.

[0027] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. The present application optimizes the viscosity of the base oil. By selecting a base oil with a viscosity of 150 - 170 mm2 / s at 100 °C, it provides the basic lubrication performance and thermal stability of the oil products. The selection of a base oil with a viscosity of 150 - 170 mm2 / s at 100 °C is to ensure that the oil products still have good fluidity and cooling performance under high-temperature conditions, thus ensuring the stability and uniformity of the quenching process. The bright stock is used to improve the surface quality of the workpiece after quenching, reduce oxidation and decarburization phenomena, and make the surface of the quenched workpiece brighter and smoother. The bright stock usually contains antioxidants and corrosion inhibitors, which helps to extend the service life of the workpiece. Polyisobutenyl succinimide (0.1 - 0.8 parts) is an efficient detergent-dispersant, which can effectively prevent the formation of deposits during the use of the oil products, maintain the cleanliness of the oil products, and at the same time improve the antioxidant performance of the oil products and extend the service life of the oil products. Polyisobutene plays a thickening and stabilizing role, enhancing the adhesion and anti-shear performance of the oil products, ensuring that the oil film will not easily break during high-speed quenching, and providing a continuous and stable cooling effect. The reasonable proportion of these components makes the quenching oil not only have excellent cooling and lubrication performance, but also can effectively protect the surface quality of the workpiece, and has a long service life and high stability; 2. The present application places refined oil in a reaction device, and adds a catalyst to carry out heating and heat preservation and stirring reactions, which can adjust the molecular structure of the oil product to reach the desired viscosity range. First, a preliminary polymerization reaction is carried out through the catalyst to induce the breaking and recombination of chemical bonds in the oil product to form a new molecular structure. Subsequently, the temperature is raised to 70-90°C, and the heat preservation polymerization reaction is continued to further optimize the molecular structure to achieve higher viscosity and stability. After the reaction is completed, the upper layer of oil is taken out, washed and dried to remove impurities and by-products generated during the reaction. Finally, the light component fraction is separated by distillation, and the heavy oil is retained as the base oil. This process not only improves the purity of the oil product, but also ensures its stability and fluidity under high temperature conditions; 3. The present application specifies the specific components of the complexing extractant. The combination of Ag+ ions and N-methylpyrrolidone has excellent selectivity and complexing ability, and can efficiently extract α-olefin components from coking kerosene fractions.

[0028] Ag+ ions, as a metal ion, can form a stable complex with α-olefins, while N-methylpyrrolidone, as a polar solvent, enhances the solubility and extraction efficiency of the complexing agent. The combination of the two can achieve efficient separation effects with lower energy consumption and in a shorter time. In addition, the Ag+N-methylpyrrolidone complexing extractant has good stability and reusability, reducing production costs and environmental pollution. In this way, the extraction rate of α-olefins can be significantly improved, thereby improving the quality and performance of refined oil; 4. This application introduces a detergent dispersant to ensure that the quenching oil maintains cleanliness and dispersion during use. The main function of the detergent dispersant is to prevent the oil from generating sediment and carbon deposition under high temperature conditions and maintain the cleanliness and fluidity of the oil.

[0029] Calcium alkyl salicylate and succinimide are two commonly used detergent dispersants, each with different advantages. Calcium alkyl salicylate has good alkalinity and detergent properties, and can neutralize acidic substances in oil products to prevent acid corrosion. At the same time, it also has excellent dispersing properties, which can evenly disperse suspended particles in oil products to prevent their deposition.

[0030] Succinimide has stronger polarity and adsorption capacity, and can absorb tiny particles and colloidal substances in oil products to prevent them from aggregating and depositing. In addition, succinimide also has certain antioxidant properties, which can delay the aging and deterioration of oil products. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The present application is further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.

[0032] In the examples of the present application, the raw materials and instruments used are as follows, but not limited thereto. Raw materials not otherwise specified are of analytical grade.

[0033] Preparation Example 1 Take 800g of coking kerosene fraction and add 50g of silver nitrate and 350g of N-methylpyrrolidone, stir and mix, and perform multi-stage complex extraction. Distill the residual phase to separate the α-olefin-rich component; wash with 50°C deionized water, and then use white clay to dehydrate and remove impurities to prepare the refined oil.

[0034] Preparation Example 2 Take 500g of refined oil and place it in a reactor. After nitrogen is passed to remove the air, 20mL of catalyst BF is passed into the reactor. 3 After the polymerization reaction at 30°C for 5 hours, the temperature was raised to 70°C, and the polymerization reaction was kept at this temperature for 1-2 hours. The oil was then allowed to settle for 2 hours. The upper layer of oil was taken, washed and dried, and the light component fraction was distilled out to prepare a 100°C viscosity of 150 mm 2 / s base oil 1.

[0035] Preparation Example 3 Take 500g of refined oil and place it in a reactor. After nitrogen is passed to remove the air, 20mL of catalyst BF is passed into the reactor. 3 After polymerization at 35°C for 6 hours, the temperature is raised to 70-90°C, and the polymerization reaction is kept at this temperature for 2 hours. The oil is then allowed to settle for 2 hours, and the upper layer of oil is taken. After washing and drying, the light component fraction is distilled out to prepare a 100°C viscosity of 160 mm 2 / s base oil 2.

[0036] Preparation Example 4 Take 500g of refined oil and place it in a reactor. After nitrogen is passed to remove the air, 20mL of catalyst BF is passed into the reactor. 3 After polymerization at 40°C for 8 hours, the temperature was raised to 90°C, and the polymerization was kept at this temperature for 2 hours. The oil was then allowed to settle for 2 hours. The upper layer of oil was taken, washed and dried, and the light component fraction was distilled to prepare a 100°C viscosity of 170 mm 2 / s base oil 3.

[0037] Example 1 An isothermal graded quenching oil comprising the following substances: 70kg100℃ viscosity is 150mm 2 / s base oil 1, 10kg bright oil 150BS, 0.1kg polyisobutylene succinimide, 1kg polyisobutylene, 0.1kg antioxidant 1010 and 0.1kg alkyl calcium salicylate.

[0038] A method for preparing isothermal graded quenching oil: preheating base oil and bright oil in a formula to 50°C, stirring and mixing, taking the remaining components and adding them in sequence, stirring and mixing and standing to degas, and then the isothermal graded quenching oil can be prepared.

[0039] Example 2 An isothermal graded quenching oil comprising the following substances: 80kg100℃ viscosity is 160mm 2 / s base oil 1, 12kg bright oil 150BS, 0.4kg polyisobutylene succinimide, 3kg polyisobutylene, 0.5kg antioxidant 1010 and 0.5kg succinimide.

[0040] A method for preparing isothermal graded quenching oil: preheating base oil and bright oil in a formula to 50°C, stirring and mixing, taking the remaining components and adding them in sequence, stirring and mixing and standing to degas, and then the isothermal graded quenching oil can be prepared.

[0041] Example 3 An isothermal graded quenching oil comprising the following substances: 70-90kg100℃Viscosity is 170mm 2 / s base oil 1, 15kg bright oil 150BS, 0.8kg polyisobutylene succinimide, 5kg polyisobutylene, 1.0kg antioxidant 1010 and 1.0kg succinimide.

[0042] A method for preparing isothermal graded quenching oil: preheating base oil and bright oil in a formula to 50°C, stirring and mixing, taking the remaining components and adding them in sequence, stirring and mixing and standing to degas, and then the isothermal graded quenching oil can be prepared.

[0043] Example 4 An isothermal graded quenching oil comprising the following substances: 80kg100℃ viscosity is 160mm 2 / s base oil 2, 12kg bright oil 150BS, 0.4kg polyisobutylene succinimide, 3kg polyisobutylene, 0.5kg antioxidant 1010 and 0.5kg succinimide.

[0044] A method for preparing isothermal graded quenching oil: preheating base oil and bright oil in a formula to 50°C, stirring and mixing, taking the remaining components and adding them in sequence, stirring and mixing and standing to degas, and then the isothermal graded quenching oil can be prepared.

[0045] Example 5 An isothermal graded quenching oil comprising the following substances: 80 kg of base oil 3 with a viscosity of 160 mm2 / s at 100°C, 12 kg of bright oil 150BS, 0.4 kg of polyisobutylene succinimide, 3 kg of polyisobutylene, 0.5 kg of antioxidant 1010 and 0.5 kg of succinimide.

[0046] A method for preparing isothermal graded quenching oil: preheating base oil and bright oil in a formula to 50°C, stirring and mixing, taking the remaining components and adding them in sequence, stirring and mixing and standing to degas, and then the isothermal graded quenching oil can be prepared.

[0047] Performance Testing The isothermal graded quenching oils prepared in Examples 1-5 were tested for performance, and the test standard was: Japanese Industrial Standard JIS K2242:2006 method. The results are shown in Table 1 below: Table 1 Performance test table

[0048] From the above examples 1-5, combined with the test results in Table 1, it can be found that: First, it can be found from Examples 1-5 that the present application optimizes the viscosity of the base oil by selecting a base oil with a viscosity of 150-170 mm at 100 °C. 2 / s base oil, which provides the basic lubrication performance and thermal stability of the oil. Select a viscosity of 150-170mm at 100℃ 2 / s base oil is to ensure that the oil still has good fluidity and cooling performance under high temperature conditions, thereby ensuring the stability and uniformity of the quenching process.

[0049] The present invention has been described in detail above in conjunction with specific implementations and exemplary examples, but these descriptions cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art understand that, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, a variety of equivalent substitutions, modifications or improvements may be made to the technical solution of the present invention and its implementation methods, all of which fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention shall be subject to the attached claims.

[0050] All publications, patent applications, patents and other references mentioned in this specification are incorporated herein by reference. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this specification have the meanings conventionally understood by those skilled in the art. In the event of a conflict, the definition in this specification shall prevail.

[0051] When this specification uses the prefix "well-known to those skilled in the art", "prior art" or similar terms to introduce materials, substances, methods, steps, devices or components, etc., the objects introduced by the prefix cover those commonly used in the art when this application is filed, but also include those that are not commonly used at present but will become recognized in the art as being suitable for similar purposes.

[0052] In the context of the present specification, any matters or items not mentioned are directly applicable to those known in the art without any changes except those explicitly stated.

Claims

1. An isothermal graded quenching oil, characterized in that: The composition includes the following materials in parts by weight: Base oil 70-90 parts; 10-15 parts of bright oil; 0.1 to 0.8 parts of polyisobutylene succinimide; 1-5 parts of polyisobutylene; The base oil includes a 100°C viscosity of 150-170 mm 2 / s base oil.

2. The isothermal graded quenching oil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The viscosity at 100°C is 150-170 mm 2 / s base oil is made by the following technical scheme: Take the refined oil and place it in the reaction device, add the catalyst and heat it up, keep it warm and stir it to react, take the upper layer of oil, wash and dry it, and then distill out the light component fraction to prepare the 100℃ viscosity of 150-170mm 2 / s base oil.

3. An isothermal graded quenching oil according to claim 2, characterized in that: The refined oil is prepared by the following technical scheme: The coking kerosene fraction is taken and a complexing extractant is added to perform multi-stage complexing extraction, and the raffinate phase is distilled to separate the α-olefin-rich component; after water washing, the refined oil is prepared by dehydration and impurity removal.

4. The isothermal graded quenching oil according to claim 3, characterized in that: The complexing extractant is Ag + N-Methylpyrrolidone.

5. The isothermal graded quenching oil according to claim 3, characterized in that: The dehydrating agent used in the dehydration and impurity removal is white clay.

6. The isothermal graded quenching oil according to claim 2, characterized in that: The catalyst is BF3.

7. The isothermal graded quenching oil according to claim 2, characterized in that: The heating, heat preservation and stirring reaction comprises the following steps: After the polymerization reaction is carried out at 30-40°C for 5-8 hours, the temperature is raised to 70-90°C, and the polymerization reaction is carried out at this temperature for 1-2 hours, and then the mixture is allowed to settle for 2 hours.

8. The isothermal graded quenching oil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The isothermal graded quenching oil further comprises 0.1-1.0 parts by weight of a detergent dispersant, wherein the detergent dispersant comprises any one of alkyl calcium salicylate or succinimide.

9. The isothermal graded quenching oil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The isothermal graded quenching oil further comprises 0.1-1.0 parts by weight of an antioxidant, wherein the antioxidant comprises at least one of a phenolic antioxidant and an amine antioxidant.

10. The method for preparing isothermal graded quenching oil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method comprises the following preparation steps: After preheating the base oil and bright oil in the formula, stirring and mixing, taking the remaining components and adding them in sequence, stirring and mixing and standing to degas, the isothermal graded quenching oil can be prepared.

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