Antifouling easy-to-clean yarn and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an antifouling easy-to-clean yarn which is composed of polyamide fiber with a skin-core structure, the polyamide fiber with the skin-core structure comprises a core layer and a skin layer, the core layer is a mixture of polyamide and nano-powder, the skin layer is polyamide, the nano-powder is a mixture of titanium dioxide and a titanic acid compound of alkaline earth metal, and the skin layer is a mixture of titanium dioxide and a titanic acid compound of alkaline earth metal. The surface of the skin layer is a hydrophobic and oleophobic surface with a lotus leaf mastoid structure. The invention discloses a preparation method of an antifouling easy-to-clean yarn, which comprises the following steps: blending and granulating nano powder and polyamide slices to obtain functional chinlon master batch, then preparing a polyamide fiber filament with a skin-core structure by taking the functional chinlon master batch and the polyamide slices as raw materials, and then performing low-temperature plasma etching treatment in a CF4 atmosphere. The anti-fouling easy-to-clean yarn disclosed by the invention has the effects of decontaminating and easy to clean, and has lasting anti-fouling and easy-to-clean effects after being made into a fabric.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a yarn and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of fiber products. Background Art

[0002] During the use of textiles, any foreign matter that has an adverse effect on the appearance, color, feel, smell and other properties of the textiles can be collectively referred to as dirt. Generally, dirt can be divided into four categories: (1) granular dirt: soil, rust, dust and soot powder, etc.; (2) liquid oily dirt: grease, human skin secretions, etc.; (3) water-based dirt: coffee, juice, sauce and blood, etc.; (4) microbial dirt: mold, yellowing, etc.

[0003] The antifouling property of textiles endows textiles with the practicality of being resistant to stains, easy to remove stains and preventing re-staining. Its functional products are becoming more and more valued by people, among which antifouling finishing agents also play an important role. However, most of the current antifouling functional textiles are obtained by applying antifouling finishing agents in the fabric finishing process. After the antifouling textiles prepared in this way are washed several times or after external friction, the antifouling finishing agents are easy to fall off and become ineffective, and there are certain application limitations. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the defects of the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides a stain-resistant and easy-to-clean yarn, and provides a method for preparing the stain-resistant and easy-to-clean yarn, the purpose of which is to improve the stain-resistant performance of the yarn and ensure the stain-resistant effect after multiple washings.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a kind of anti-fouling and easy-to-clean yarn, which is composed of a polyamide fiber with a sheath-core structure, wherein the polyamide fiber with the sheath-core structure includes a core layer and a sheath layer, wherein the core layer is a mixture of polyamide and nanopowder, the sheath layer is polyamide, the nanopowder is a mixture of titanium dioxide and titanate compounds of alkaline earth metals, and the surface of the sheath layer is a hydrophobic and oleophobic surface prepared with a lotus leaf nipple structure.

[0006] Furthermore, the alkaline earth metal titanate compound is barium titanate and / or strontium titanate.

[0007] Furthermore, the mass ratio of titanium dioxide to alkaline earth metal in the nanopowder is 2:8 to 6:4.

[0008] Furthermore, the mass ratio of the core layer to the skin layer is 3:7 to 4:6.

[0009] Furthermore, the mass ratio of polyamide to nano powder in the core layer is 6:1 to 50:1.

[0010] Furthermore, the particle size of the nano powder is 30 to 100 nm.

[0011] Another technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A method for preparing antifouling and easy-to-clean yarn comprises the steps of: The nano powder is blended with polyamide chips, and melt-plasticized, extruded and granulated to obtain functional nylon masterbatch; The functional nylon masterbatch and polyamide slices are mixed and fed as the core layer raw material, polyamide is used as the skin layer raw material, and melt spinning is performed through a skin-core composite spinning machine to obtain polyamide fiber filaments with a skin-core structure; The polyamide fiber filaments with a core-skin structure were treated with alkali washing and then placed in the reaction chamber of a plasma generator under CF 4 Low temperature plasma etching is performed under atmosphere.

[0012] Furthermore, when the functional nylon masterbatch is obtained by melt-plasticizing extrusion granulation, the temperature of each temperature zone of melt-plasticizing is controlled at 190-230°C in the first temperature zone; 200-240°C in the second temperature zone; 220-260°C in the third temperature zone; 230-270°C in the fourth temperature zone; 230-270°C in the fifth temperature zone; 195-230°C in the sixth temperature zone; 190-230°C in the seventh, eighth and ninth temperature zones; and 210-250°C in the head temperature zone.

[0013] Furthermore, when the melt spinning is used to produce polyamide fiber filaments with a sheath-core structure, the temperatures of each temperature zone of the screw extrusion of the sheath-core composite spinning machine are controlled so that the temperature of the first temperature zone is 200-240°C; the temperature of the second temperature zone is 220-260°C; the temperature of the third temperature zone is 245-275°C; the temperature of the fourth temperature zone is 245-275°C; the temperature of the fifth temperature zone is 250-275°C; and the temperature of the sixth temperature zone is 250-275°C.

[0014] Furthermore, when the low temperature plasma etching is performed, CF 4 The flow rate is 15-25 sccm, and the reaction gas pressure in the reaction chamber is stabilized at 25-35 Pa.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the technical solution provided by the present invention are: The present invention adds nanopowders composed of titanium dioxide and alkaline earth metal titanate compounds to the fiber core layer. The nanopowder is a material with a high refractive index, which can effectively cover oil stains and marks, and can absorb oil stains and grease into the fiber interior, thereby reducing the color depth of stains on the surface of the fabric. In addition, titanium dioxide nanoparticles have strong photocatalytic activity under ultraviolet light irradiation, and can degrade organic pollutants. The photocatalytic properties of titanium dioxide nanoparticles make the fabric easy to clean, and can decompose organic pollutants under light to keep the fabric clean. The cortex of the fiber is formed with a micro-nano rough surface with hydrophobic and oleophobic effects by plasma etching. The high surface allows stains to slide off the fiber surface more easily, thereby achieving an easy-to-clean effect.

[0016] During the preparation, the polyamide fiber is pretreated with an alkaline solution, and then CF is introduced into the plasma generator. 4 The gas is used to treat the polyamide fiber, during which CF 4 The high-energy active particles generated in the low-temperature plasma can react with the fiber surface to etch, cross-link, graft polymerization, etc. In addition to etching, the excited gas CF 4 It also has extremely strong fluorination characteristics, and can introduce fluorine-containing functional groups on the surface of polyamide fibers, thereby reducing the surface energy of the fibers and greatly enhancing their surface hydrophobic and oleophobic properties. The method has a simple operation process and is easy to implement. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with examples. It should be understood that these examples are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention. After reading this description, various equivalent modifications to this description by those skilled in the art fall within the scope defined by the claims attached to this application.

[0018] Example 1

[0019] Preparation of functional nylon masterbatch: The masterbatch used in the core structure contains a powder with high light-shielding properties, which is a mixed powder of transparent titanium dioxide, barium titanate and strontium titanate with a high refractive index. The powder is ground to a particle size of 30 to 100 nm, and the final mixed powder has an average particle size of less than 50 nm, an average aspect ratio of 1.0 to 1.2, and a refractive index of 1.8 to 2.6. The mixing ratio of titanium dioxide, barium titanate and strontium titanate is 6:2:2 (calculated by weight). The above-mentioned high light-shielding nanopowder and polyamide chips are blended, melt-plasticized, extruded and granulated to obtain a high light-shielding functional nylon masterbatch, wherein the mass ratio of nanopowder to polyamide chips is 1:8. In other embodiments, the mass ratio of nanopowder to polyamide chips can be any value between 1:3 and 1:99.

[0020] During the melt-plastic extrusion granulation process of functional nylon masterbatch, the temperature of each melt-plastic temperature zone is generally controlled at 190-230°C in the first temperature zone; 200-240°C in the second temperature zone; 220-260°C in the third temperature zone; 230-270°C in the fourth temperature zone; 230-270°C in the fifth temperature zone; 195-230°C in the sixth temperature zone; 190-230°C in the seventh, eighth and ninth temperature zones; and 210-250°C in the head temperature zone. In this embodiment, the temperature of the first temperature zone is 210°C, the temperature of the second temperature zone is 220°C, the temperature of the third temperature zone is 235°C, the temperature of the fourth temperature zone is 250°C, the temperature of the fifth temperature zone is 235°C, the temperature of the sixth temperature zone is 215°C, the temperature of the seventh, eighth and ninth temperature zones is 210°C, and the temperature of the head temperature zone is 230°C. After screw shearing (the main engine speed of screw shearing is 590 r / min), water-cooled pelletizing (the main engine speed of pelletizer is 950 r / min), vibration screening (double-layer screen with upper screen diameter of 6 mm and lower screen diameter of 3 mm), vacuum drying, functional nylon masterbatch is prepared. The functional nylon masterbatch slices have a diameter of 2 to 4 mm, a length of 2.5 to 5 mm, and a moisture content of less than 0.08%.

[0021] Preparation of polyamide fiber with skin-core structure: Functional nylon masterbatch and polyamide slices are added to the core-skin composite spinning machine for melt spinning. The specific process is: the core layer two-component masterbatch adding machine is fed, 45 parts of functional nylon masterbatch are taken by weight, and 55 parts of polyamide slices are taken by weight, and they are added from different material heads for full mixing → storage tank (with stirring paddle and material level detection function, which has the effect of mixing slices and masterbatch); the skin layer component is the same as the formula of general semi-bright nylon → screw extruder dedicated to the core-skin composite spinning machine, and the temperature of each section of the screw extrusion temperature zone is generally controlled at 200-240°C in the first section; the temperature of the second section is 220-260°C; the temperature of the third section is 245-275°C; the temperature of the fourth section is 245-275°C; the temperature of the fifth section is 250-275°C; the temperature of the sixth section is 250-275°C. In this embodiment, the temperature of the first temperature zone is 220°C, the temperature of the second temperature zone is 240°C, the temperature of the third temperature zone is 268°C, the temperature of the fourth temperature zone is 263°C, the temperature of the fifth temperature zone is 266°C, and the temperature of the sixth temperature zone is 260°C → melt distribution pipeline → metering pump → spinning assembly (single-cavity double-jet spinneret, specification is Φ104 mm) → monomer suction → side blowing (wind speed 0.5 m / s) → bundling point → wet oiling (oil mass fraction 12%) → tunnel → guide rod → 1 guide plate (roller) → main network device (blow knot function) → 2 guide plates (rollers) → winding guide hook → winding head (winding speed 4500 m / min) → wound into a polyamide fiber with a skin-core structure. In the above process, the core layer accounts for 40 parts of the material and the skin layer accounts for 60 parts of the material. The cross-section of the obtained polyamide fiber with a skin-core structure is circular, and the mass ratio of polyamide to nanopowder in the core layer is 19:1.

[0022] Polyamide fiber skin layer with plasma etching treatment: 1) Add an alkali washing bath to the formed bobbin of the sheath-core polyamide fiber at room temperature. The alkali washing bath is a 30% concentration NaOH solution, and the bobbin is washed repeatedly for 10 minutes. After the alkali washing, the bobbin enters the deionized water tank and is repeatedly washed until it is neutral, and then enters the 80°C drying area for drying.

[0023] 2) Place the alkali-treated polyamide fiber with skin-core structure in the reaction chamber of the plasma generator, evacuate the chamber until the pressure is constant, open the air inlet and introduce CF 4 The gas flow rate is controlled at 15-25 sccm by a flow meter, and the reaction gas pressure in the reaction chamber is kept stable at about 25-35 Pa. The power supply is started and set to 200 W to perform CF4 low-temperature plasma treatment on the polyamide fiber. After the reaction for 20 minutes, the power supply is turned off and the sample is taken out.

[0024] Example 2

[0025] When preparing the functional nylon masterbatch, the mixing ratio of titanium dioxide, barium titanate and strontium titanate is 4:3:3 (calculated by weight), and the remaining steps are the same as in Example 1.

[0026] Example 3

[0027] When preparing the functional nylon masterbatch, the mixing ratio of titanium dioxide, barium titanate and strontium titanate is 2:4:4 (calculated by weight), and the remaining steps are the same as in Example 1.

[0028] Example 4

[0029] When preparing the polyamide fiber with a sheath-core structure, the core layer two-component masterbatch is added into the machine, 35 parts of the functional nylon masterbatch are taken by weight, and 65 parts of the polyamide slices are taken by weight. The mass ratio of polyamide to nanopowder in the core layer of the polyamide fiber with a sheath-core structure is 25:1, and the remaining steps are the same as in Example 1.

[0030] Example 5

[0031] When preparing the polyamide fiber with a sheath-core structure, the core layer two-component masterbatch is added into the machine, 65 parts of the functional nylon masterbatch are taken by weight, and 35 parts of the polyamide slices are taken by weight. The mass ratio of polyamide to nanopowder in the core layer of the polyamide fiber with a sheath-core structure is 13:1, and the remaining steps are the same as Example 1.

[0032] Example 6

[0033] When preparing the polyamide fiber with a sheath-core structure, the core layer accounts for 30 parts of the material, the sheath layer accounts for 70 parts of the material, and the remaining steps are the same as in Example 1.

[0034] Example 7

[0035] When preparing the polyamide fiber with a sheath-core structure, the core layer accounts for 50 parts of the material, the sheath layer accounts for 50 parts of the material, and the remaining steps are the same as in Example 1.

[0036] Comparative Example 1 Compared with Example 1, the main difference is that the core-skin composite spinning process does not pass through the plasma generator reaction chamber, that is, it does not pass through the CF 4 Low temperature plasma etching treatment, other steps are the same as those in Example 1.

[0037] Comparative Example 2 When preparing the polyamide fiber with a skin-core structure, the core layer two-component masterbatch is added to the machine, the functional nylon masterbatch is taken by weight 0 parts, the polyamide slice is taken by weight 100 parts, and the remaining steps are the same as Example 1, that is, the nylon is simply subjected to plasma etching treatment.

[0038] The fibers obtained in the above examples and comparative examples were made into 40D / 34F yarns, and the breaking strength of the yarns was tested to evaluate the basic performance of the yarns; the obtained yarns were then woven into 320T plain weave fabrics, and after dyeing and shaping, a filament fabric with a warp density of 780 strands / 10cm and a weft density of 480 strands / 10cm that was easy to clean and remove dirt was finally obtained, avoiding interference of dyes on the results, and the color of the fabrics was the original color of the yarns. The functionality of the easy-to-clean and easy-to-clean yarn was evaluated by testing the waterproof performance (water dipping method), oil repellency, anti-fouling performance, and easy-to-clean performance of the fabrics.

[0039] Specific test method: 1. Waterproof performance test refers to GBT 4745-2012 "Testing and evaluation of waterproof performance of textiles" 2. Oil repellency test refers to GBT 19977-2014 "Textile Oil Repellency and Hydrocarbon Resistance Test" 3. Antifouling test refers to GBT 30159.1-2013 "Testing and evaluation of antifouling performance" 4. For the stain removal performance, refer to FZT 01118-2012 "Testing and Evaluation of Anti-Staining Performance of Textiles" 5. Yarn strength test refers to GB / T 3916-2013 "Determination of breaking strength and elongation of single yarn of textiles" The test results and data are shown in the following table.

[0040]

[0041] From the above experimental data, we can conclude that: By comparing Example 1 with Comparative Example 1, it can be concluded that the yarn after the core-skin composite spinning has not passed through the reaction chamber of the plasma generator, that is, it has not passed through the CF 4 Yarns treated with low-temperature plasma do not have the characteristics of being water-proof, oil-proof and stain-resistant. This process is the key to giving fibers the ability to be oil-proof and stain-resistant.

[0042] By comparing Example 1 with Comparative Example 2, it can be concluded that the functional masterbatch prepared with a mixture of titanium dioxide, barium titanate and strontium titanate as raw materials plays a key role in the easy-to-clean effect of the final skin-core structured easy-to-clean yarn, and this functional powder formula is the key to giving the fiber the easy-to-clean function.

[0043] By comparing Example 1, Example 2, and Example 3, it can be concluded that the decontamination effect is most ideal when the mixing ratio of the key components titanium dioxide, barium titanate, and strontium titanate added in the production process of the masterbatch is 6:2:2 (calculated by weight), which is related to the excellent shielding effect of titanium dioxide. It should also be pointed out that although barium titanate and strontium titanate are used in each embodiment, alkaline earth metal titanate compounds have similar effects, so other alkaline earth metal titanate compounds can be used, or a single alkaline earth metal titanate compound can be used.

[0044] By comparing Example 1, Example 4 and Example 5, it can be concluded that as the proportion of functional nylon masterbatch in the core layer component decreases, its easy-to-clean performance decreases slightly, and as the proportion of functional nylon masterbatch in the core layer component increases, the breaking strength of the yarn is affected and decreases. From the production perspective, the proportion of functional nylon masterbatch in the core layer component can be appropriately reduced so that the mass ratio of polyamide to nanopowder in the core layer of the polyamide fiber with a skin-core structure is 20 to 25:1.

[0045] By comparing Example 1, Example 6 and Example 7, it can be concluded that in the core-skin composite spinning process, the decontamination performance will decrease if the proportion of the core layer feed is reduced; the strength of the yarn decreases with the increase of the proportion of the core layer feed, and when the core layer proportion reaches 50 parts, the strength of the yarn can no longer meet the strength requirements of the subsequent production. From the perspective of production, the proportion of the core layer feed can be appropriately reduced to 30-40 parts.

Claims

1. A stain-resistant and easy-to-clean yarn, characterized in that: The polyamide fiber has a core-skin structure, which includes a core layer and a skin layer. The core layer is a mixture of polyamide and nano powder, the skin layer is polyamide, the nano powder is a mixture of titanium dioxide and alkaline earth metal titanate compounds, and the surface of the skin layer is a hydrophobic and oleophobic surface prepared with a lotus leaf nipple structure.

2. The antifouling and easy-to-clean yarn according to claim 1, characterized in that: The alkaline earth metal titanate compound is barium titanate and / or strontium titanate.

3. The antifouling and easy-to-clean yarn according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of titanium dioxide to alkaline earth metal in the nano powder is 2:8 to 6:

4.

4. The antifouling and easy-to-clean yarn according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the core layer to the skin layer is 3:7 to 4:

6.

5. The antifouling and easy-to-clean yarn according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of polyamide to nano powder in the core layer is 6:1 to 50:

1.

6. The antifouling and easy-to-clean yarn according to claim 1, characterized in that: The particle size of the nano powder is 30-100 nm.

7. A method for preparing the antifouling and easy-to-clean yarn according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: Includes steps: The nano powder is blended with polyamide chips, and melt-plasticized, extruded and granulated to obtain functional nylon masterbatch; The functional nylon masterbatch and polyamide slices are mixed and fed as the core layer raw material, polyamide is used as the skin layer raw material, and melt spinning is performed through a skin-core composite spinning machine to obtain polyamide fiber filaments with a skin-core structure; The polyamide fiber filaments with a sheath-core structure are subjected to alkali washing treatment, and then placed in a reaction chamber of a plasma generator to undergo low-temperature plasma etching treatment under a CF4 atmosphere.

8. The method for preparing the antifouling and easy-to-clean yarn according to claim 7, characterized in that: When the functional nylon masterbatch is obtained by melt-plasticizing extrusion granulation, the temperature of each temperature zone of melt-plasticizing is controlled at 190-230°C in the first temperature zone; 200-240°C in the second temperature zone; 220-260°C in the third temperature zone; 230-270°C in the fourth temperature zone; 230-270°C in the fifth temperature zone; 195-230°C in the sixth temperature zone; 190-230°C in the seventh, eighth and ninth temperature zones; and 210-250°C in the die head temperature zone.

9. The method for preparing the antifouling and easy-to-clean yarn according to claim 7, characterized in that: When the polyamide fiber filament with a sheath-core structure is obtained by melt spinning, the temperature of each temperature zone of the screw extrusion of the sheath-core composite spinning machine is controlled at 200-240°C in the first temperature zone; 220-260°C in the second temperature zone; 245-275°C in the third temperature zone; 245-275°C in the fourth temperature zone; 250-275°C in the fifth temperature zone; and 250-275°C in the sixth temperature zone.

10. The method for preparing the antifouling and easy-to-clean yarn according to claim 7, characterized in that: When the low-temperature plasma etching process is performed, the CF4 flow rate is 15-25 sccm, and the reaction gas pressure in the reaction chamber is stabilized at 25-35 Pa.

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