A buffer device for dangerous rockfalls with negative Poisson's ratio characteristics

Abstract

This application belongs to the field of protection against dangerous rockfalls, and particularly relates to a dangerous rockfall buffer device with negative Poisson's ratio characteristics. The buffer layer is covered on the impact side of the rockfall retaining structure, which can effectively reduce the impact force received by the rockfall retaining structure when it is impacted, and improve the impact resistance of the rockfall retaining structure. The unique geometric space of the negative Poisson's ratio honeycomb structure in the buffer layer enables it to have negative Poisson's ratio characteristics in the X, Y, and Z directions of space. When it is subjected to the impact transmitted by the bearing plate, it exhibits negative Poisson's ratio characteristics in both side directions, and there is a tendency for lateral contraction, which can absorb and disperse more energy. At the same time, the angular relationship between the bending rod and the bending connecting rod ensures that the negative Poisson's ratio honeycomb structure has the same negative Poisson's ratio in both side directions, ensuring uniform deformation of the negative Poisson's ratio honeycomb structure under the impact, and improving the overall mechanical properties and stability of the buffer layer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of slope rockfall protection, and in particular to a dangerous rockfall buffer device with negative Poisson's ratio characteristics. Background Art

[0002] With the advancement of my country's transportation construction, more and more railway projects are being built in the difficult mountainous areas of the west. However, the risks of dangerous rockfall in these areas have brought challenges to engineering construction. Dangerous rockfall barrier structure is an engineering structure used to control and prevent natural disasters such as landslides, dangerous rockfalls, and rolling rock fragments. It can protect buildings and infrastructure from damage, maintain smooth traffic, protect the ecological environment, and prevent secondary disasters. The current dangerous rockfall barrier structure has some limitations in impact resistance and barrier efficiency. For large-scale rock landslides and huge falling objects, the existing structure may not be able to completely prevent or absorb the impact force, and there are still potential risks. In rockfall protection projects, the existing buffer sheath mainly relies on traditional materials and structural forms, such as foam, metal mesh, etc. Although they can play a certain buffering role, they are prone to structural fatigue, excessive deformation, and decreased energy absorption capacity when facing high impact loads or long-term use. Due to its special deformation characteristics, negative Poisson's ratio materials can show strong energy absorption and buffering capabilities when subjected to force, but they have not yet been widely used in the field of rockfall protection.

[0003] As a metamaterial, negative Poisson's ratio materials have many excellent mechanical properties. Compared with traditional positive Poisson's ratio materials, negative Poisson's ratio materials have the characteristics of "tension, expansion and compression". When negative Poisson's ratio materials are subjected to force, the materials tend to gather at the force point, making the materials have excellent resistance to deformation, shear and fracture. The porous structure of negative Poisson's ratio materials has good energy absorption, and due to the stress-strain characteristics of negative Poisson's ratio materials, they have a higher stress platform, which has better energy absorption and vibration reduction performance than ordinary materials. The excellent mechanical properties of negative Poisson's ratio materials give them broad application prospects. The application of negative Poisson's ratio materials in dangerous rock fall barrier structures can prevent rock landslides and falls while absorbing and reducing impact forces through self-regulation and micro-creep of materials, thereby improving the stability and durability of the structure. However, most existing negative Poisson's ratio structures can usually only show negative Poisson's ratio in specific directions, and their characteristics are difficult to flexibly adjust according to actual needs, which limits the breadth and adaptability of applications. Summary of the invention

[0004] The embodiment of the present application provides a rockfall buffer device with negative Poisson's ratio characteristics, which is used to solve the technical problem that most existing negative Poisson's ratio structures can usually only show negative Poisson's ratio in a specific direction and have limited energy absorption and buffering performance.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides a rockfall buffer device with negative Poisson's ratio characteristics, comprising a rockfall blocking structure and a buffer protective layer installed on the collision side of the rockfall blocking structure, the buffer protective layer comprising a negative Poisson's ratio honeycomb structure and a pressure-bearing plate, the negative Poisson's ratio honeycomb structure is provided with the pressure-bearing plates on both sides of the opposite sides of the collision direction, and the collision direction is perpendicular to the collision side of the rockfall blocking structure;

[0006] The negative Poisson's ratio honeycomb structure comprises a plurality of mesh structure layers and a plurality of curved connecting rods, wherein the plurality of mesh structure layers are arranged at equal intervals in the impact direction, the mesh structure layer is formed by interlacing curved rods in a first direction and a second direction perpendicular to each other to form a mesh structure, the first direction and the second direction are both perpendicular to the impact direction, the curved rods are formed by linearly connecting a plurality of first arc units in sequence, the bending directions of adjacent first arc units are opposite, the planes where the curved rods are located are parallel to the impact direction, in the mesh structure layer, the spacing between two adjacent curved rods in the first direction and the spacing between two adjacent curved rods in the second direction are both the chord length of the first arc unit, and the bending directions of the first arc units at corresponding positions of two adjacent mesh structure layers in the impact direction are opposite; the corresponding connection nodes between the mesh structure layers in the impact direction are connected by the curved connecting rods, the curved connecting rods are formed by connecting a plurality of second arc units in sequence along the impact direction, the bending directions of adjacent second arc units are opposite, the planes where the two adjacent curved connecting rods are located are perpendicular to each other, and the spacing between two adjacent mesh structure layers is the chord length of the second arc unit.

[0007] Optionally, the chord lengths of the first arc unit and the second arc unit are equal, the center angle θ1 corresponding to the first arc unit is 45°-90°, and the center angle θ2 corresponding to the second arc unit satisfies the following formula:

[0008] ;

[0009] In the formula, is the chord length of the first arc unit. When θ2 and θ1 satisfy the above formula, the Poisson's ratio ν of the negative Poisson's ratio honeycomb structure is -1. On this basis, increasing θ2 can increase the corresponding lateral deformation under unit impact direction displacement and reduce the Poisson's ratio ν; reducing θ2 can reduce the corresponding lateral deformation under unit impact direction displacement and increase the Poisson's ratio ν.

[0010] Optionally, the buffer protective layer further includes a filling material, and the filling material is filled in the gaps of the negative Poisson's ratio honeycomb structure.

[0011] Optionally, the filling material includes polymer foam or aerogel, and the filling material is tightly combined with the negative Poisson's ratio honeycomb structure by injection or spraying.

[0012] Optionally, the negative Poisson's ratio honeycomb structure is made of metal material or polymer material by 3D printing, laser cutting or metal stamping.

[0013] Optionally, the chord lengths of the first arc unit and the second arc unit are equal, and the cross-sections of the bending rod and the bending connecting rod are circular or square, and the cross-sectional diameter or side length is 0.05 - 0.15 times the chord length of the first arc unit.

[0014] Optionally, the rockfall blocking structure includes rock blocking piles or rock blocking walls made of reinforced concrete structures.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the rockfall buffer device with negative Poisson's ratio characteristics provided by this application are as follows:

[0016] The buffer layer covers the impact-facing side of the rockfall blocking structure, which can effectively reduce the impact force received by the rockfall blocking structure when it is impacted, and improve the impact resistance of the rockfall blocking structure. The unique geometric space of the negative Poisson's ratio honeycomb structure in the buffer layer makes it have negative Poisson's ratio characteristics in the three directions of X, Y, and Z in the three-dimensional space. When it is subjected to the impact transmitted by the bearing plate, it shows negative Poisson's ratio characteristics in both side directions, and there is a tendency of lateral contraction, which can absorb and disperse more energy. At the same time, the angular relationship between the bending rod and the bending connecting rod ensures that the negative Poisson's ratio honeycomb structure has the same negative Poisson's ratio in both side directions, ensuring the uniform deformation of the negative Poisson's ratio honeycomb structure under the impact, and improving the overall mechanical properties and stability of the buffer layer. Description of the Drawings

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0018] Among them:

[0019] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a rockfall buffer device with negative Poisson's ratio characteristics shown in an embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the buffer layer in a rockfall buffer device with negative Poisson's ratio characteristics shown in an embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the negative Poisson's ratio honeycomb structure in the buffer layer shown in an embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the mesh structure layer in the negative Poisson's ratio honeycomb structure shown in an embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the curved rod in the mesh structure layer shown in an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 6 is Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the negative Poisson's ratio honeycomb structure shown in the X-axis direction;

[0025] Figure 7 is Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the negative Poisson's ratio honeycomb structure shown in the Z-axis direction;

[0026] Figure 8 is Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the negative Poisson's ratio honeycomb structure shown in the Y-axis direction.

[0027] Explanation of reference numerals:

[0028] 10, rockfall blocking structure;

[0029] 20, buffer layer; 21, negative Poisson's ratio honeycomb structure; 211, mesh structure layer; 2111, curved rod; 212, curved connecting rod; 22, bearing plate. Detailed implementation manners

[0030] To facilitate the understanding of the present application, the present application will be described more comprehensively below with reference to the relevant drawings. The preferred embodiments of the present application are shown in the drawings. However, the present application can be implemented in many other different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, the purpose of providing these embodiments is to make the understanding of the disclosure of the present application more thorough and comprehensive.

[0031] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or indirectly connected to the other element.

[0032] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of this application, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0033] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the technical field to which this application pertains. The terms used in the description of this application herein are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit this application.

[0034] Embodiments of this application provide a buffer device for dangerous rock and falling stone with negative Poisson's ratio characteristics, such as Figure 1 - Figure 2 shown. The buffer device for dangerous rock and falling stone includes a falling stone blocking structure 10 and a buffer protection layer 20 installed on the impact-facing side of the falling stone blocking structure 10. Among them, the falling stone blocking structure 10 includes, but is not limited to, rock blocking piles and rock blocking walls made of reinforced concrete structures. The buffer protection layer 20 includes a negative Poisson's ratio honeycomb structure 21 and a bearing plate 22. The negative Poisson's ratio honeycomb structure 21 is provided with bearing plates 22 on both opposite sides in the impact direction, and the impact direction is perpendicular to the impact-facing side of the falling stone blocking structure 10.

[0035] For ease of understanding and illustration, an X-Y-Z space coordinate system is established in the figure, where the impact direction is the direction of the X-axis. The first direction mentioned hereinafter is the direction of the Y-axis, and the second direction is the direction of the Z-axis.

[0036] As Figure 3 - Figure 8As shown, the negative Poisson's ratio honeycomb structure 21 includes a plurality of mesh structure layers 211 and a plurality of curved connecting rods 212. The plurality of mesh structure layers 211 are arranged at equal intervals in the impact direction. The mesh structure layer 211 is formed by interlacing curved rods 2111 in a first direction and a second direction perpendicular to each other to form a mesh structure. The first direction and the second direction are both perpendicular to the impact direction. The curved rods 2111 are formed by linearly connecting a plurality of first arc units in sequence. In order to make the structure have a negative Poisson's ratio characteristic, the bending directions of adjacent first arc units are opposite. The smooth transition characteristics of the arc unit can effectively avoid the stress concentration problem at the traditional straight line connection or right angle connection, and improve the structural strength and durability; the arc unit structural characteristics enable it to evenly distribute stress, and when subjected to force, it can evenly absorb and disperse the impact energy through bending elastic deformation, thereby enhancing the energy absorption capacity; the symmetry and continuity design ensure that the structure is evenly deformed when subjected to force, avoiding excessive local deformation or instability, and improving the overall stability of the structure. The planes where the bent rods 2111 are located are parallel to the impact direction. In the mesh structure layer 211, the spacing between two adjacent bent rods 2111 in the first direction and the spacing between two adjacent bent rods 2111 in the second direction are both the chord length of the first arc unit. With this design, the two sides of the structure exhibit the same negative Poisson's ratio when subjected to an impact, and energy is uniformly absorbed through uniform deformation to ensure the stability of the structure. The bending directions of the first arc units at the corresponding positions of the two adjacent mesh structure layers 211 in the impact direction are opposite, which is also to make the structure have negative Poisson's ratio characteristics; the corresponding connection nodes between the mesh structure layers 211 in the impact direction are connected by a curved connecting rod 212, and the curved connecting rod 212 is formed by connecting a number of second arc units in sequence along the impact direction. In order to make the structure have negative Poisson's ratio characteristics, the bending directions of adjacent second arc units are opposite, and the planes where the two adjacent curved connecting rods 212 are located are perpendicular to each other, so that when the structure is impacted, both sides can reflect the negative Poisson's ratio characteristics. The spacing between the two adjacent mesh structure layers 211 is the chord length of the second arc unit. This design makes the grid present a regular square distribution in the space along the impact direction, thereby optimizing the force characteristics of the structure. The symmetry and uniformity of the square grid can ensure that the stress is evenly distributed in the structure, avoid local stress concentration, and improve the strength and stability of the overall structure.

[0037] The above-mentioned designs of the negative Poisson's ratio honeycomb structure 21 enable the structure to have negative Poisson's ratio characteristics in the three directions of X, Y, and Z. This regular spatial square distribution not only optimizes the uniform distribution of stress and avoids local stress concentration, but also significantly improves the overall strength, stability and energy absorption capacity of the structure. At the same time, the regular square grid design simplifies the manufacturing process, ensures the high precision and high performance of the structure, and is suitable for the needs of efficient energy absorption and impact protection under complex working conditions.

[0038] In the embodiment of the present application, in the rockfall buffer device, the buffer layer 20 covers the impact-facing side of the rockfall blocking structure 10, which can effectively reduce the impact force received by the rockfall blocking structure 10 when it is impacted, and improve the impact resistance of the rockfall blocking structure 10. The structure of the buffer layer 20 is simple and convenient for production and application. The unique geometric space of the negative Poisson's ratio honeycomb structure 21 in the buffer layer 20 enables it to have negative Poisson's ratio characteristics in the three directions of X, Y, and Z in the three-dimensional space. When it is subjected to the impact transmitted by the bearing plate 22, it exhibits negative Poisson's ratio characteristics in both side directions, and there is a tendency for lateral contraction, which can absorb and disperse more energy. At the same time, the angular relationship between the bending rods 2111 and the bending connecting rods 212 ensures that the negative Poisson's ratio honeycomb structure 21 has the same negative Poisson's ratio in both side directions, ensuring uniform deformation of the negative Poisson's ratio honeycomb structure 21 under the impact, and improving the overall mechanical properties and stability of the buffer layer 20.

[0039] In one embodiment, the chord lengths of the first arc unit and the second arc unit are equal, and the central angle θ1 corresponding to the first arc unit is 45° - 90°. Within this angular range, the first arc unit can balance the rigidity and deformation ability of the structure, ensuring both sufficient strength to resist impact and effective energy absorption through elastic deformation. If θ1 is less than 45°, the curvature of the first arc unit is too small, resulting in excessive structural rigidity and insufficient deformation ability, making it difficult to fully utilize the negative Poisson's ratio characteristics and reducing the energy absorption efficiency; if θ1 is greater than 90°, the curvature of the first arc unit is too large, resulting in insufficient structural rigidity, prone to excessive deformation and even instability, affecting the overall mechanical properties and durability. Therefore, the central angle range of 45° - 90° can achieve an optimal balance among strength, deformation ability, and energy absorption performance, meeting the engineering requirements under complex working conditions. The central angle θ2 corresponding to the second arc unit satisfies the following formula:

[0040] ;

[0041] In the formula, is the chord length of the first arc unit. When θ2 and θ1 satisfy the above formula, the Poisson's ratio ν of the negative Poisson's ratio honeycomb structure 21 is -1. On this basis, increasing θ2 can increase the lateral deformation amount corresponding to the unit displacement in the impact direction, and decrease the Poisson's ratio ν; decreasing θ2 can decrease the lateral deformation amount corresponding to the unit displacement in the impact direction, and increase the Poisson's ratio ν.

[0042] Through the above method, the Poisson's ratio of the negative Poisson's ratio honeycomb structure 21 can be flexibly adjusted, which can be applied to engineering applications under various complex working conditions and impact energy levels.

[0043] In one embodiment, the buffer layer 20 further includes a filling material (not shown in the figure), and the filling material is filled in the voids of the negative Poisson's ratio honeycomb structure 21. Specifically, the filling material can be a lightweight material, such as polymer foam or aerogel, etc. These materials have good elasticity and buffering properties, and can effectively enhance the impact absorption performance of the structure. The filling material can be tightly combined with the negative Poisson's ratio honeycomb structure 21 by injection or spraying, and the lightweight material should be densely filled in the negative Poisson's ratio honeycomb structure 21 without leaving voids. When the negative Poisson's ratio honeycomb structure 21 is subjected to an external force, the filling material in its voids will undergo volume shrinkage, and this shrinkage can absorb and disperse the energy caused by the external force. The filling material and the negative Poisson's ratio honeycomb structure 21 work together to effectively improve the overall negative Poisson's ratio characteristics. Compared with traditional materials, the buffer layer 20 can produce greater deformation and displacement under the same stress, and thus has higher energy absorption capacity.

[0044] Compared with traditional materials, the lightweight negative Poisson's ratio structure has higher specific strength and specific stiffness, while reducing the weight of the overall structure, which is beneficial to improving the performance of the retaining system.

[0045] In one embodiment, the negative Poisson's ratio honeycomb structure 21 can be made of metal materials or polymer materials, and its high strength, corrosion resistance and plasticity can ensure the stability of the buffer layer 20 during long-term use.

[0046] The negative Poisson's ratio honeycomb structure 21 can adopt advanced manufacturing processes, such as 3D printing, laser cutting, metal stamping and other technologies. These processes can precisely control the size and shape of each honeycomb unit to ensure the efficient energy absorption and excellent negative Poisson's ratio characteristics of the structure.

[0047] The chord lengths of the first arc unit and the second arc unit are equal. The cross-sections of the curved rod 2111 and the curved connecting rod 212 are circular or square, and the cross-sectional diameter or side length is 0.05 - 0.15 times the chord length of the first arc unit. The circular or square cross-sectional shape can evenly distribute stress, avoid local stress concentration, and is convenient for manufacturing and installation at the same time; the circular cross-section has isotropic mechanical properties and is suitable for multi-directional stress scenarios, while the square cross-section is convenient for stacking and combination to improve space utilization. Selecting the cross-sectional size to be 0.05 - 0.15 times the chord length can effectively control the weight and cost of the structure while meeting the strength requirements. If the cross-sectional size is less than 0.05 times, the stiffness and strength of the rod are insufficient, and it is easy to deform or break, affecting the stability and energy absorption performance of the overall structure; if the cross-sectional size is higher than 0.15 times, although the strength is improved, it will lead to a significant increase in the structure weight and material cost, reducing the lightweight advantage, and may affect the performance of the negative Poisson's ratio characteristics. Therefore, the range of 0.05 - 0.15 times achieves the optimal balance among strength, weight and cost, ensuring the high performance and economy of the structure.

[0048] In a specific embodiment, the buffer layer 20 can adopt a modular design, which is convenient for transportation and installation. The structural units can be combined and adjusted according to actual needs, ensuring flexibility while simplifying the installation and maintenance work.

[0049] During actual use, as Figure 1 shown, the buffer layer 20 is installed and fixed on the impact-facing side of the rockfall retaining structure 10 to form a dangerous rock and rockfall buffer device with negative Poisson's ratio characteristics. The bearing plate 22 of the buffer layer 20 faces the impact direction. When a rockfall rolls down on the slope, it will first impact the buffer layer 20. The buffer layer 20 can absorb and disperse the energy released during the rockfall impact. Through its volume contraction characteristics, the buffer layer 20 can convert the impact energy into deformation energy, smooth the impact process, extend the impact time, reduce the peak value of the impact force, and reduce the degree of impact force transmitted to the retaining structure, thereby reducing the stress and damage of the rockfall retaining structure 10. The buffer layer 20 can effectively enhance the durability and reliability of the rockfall retaining structure 10 and can reduce the need for maintenance and replacement.

[0050] The dangerous rock and rockfall buffer device in the embodiment of the present application can be formed by the cooperation of the buffer layer 20 and various rockfall protection structures, and is particularly suitable for use in high-impact and harsh environments. The size, structural design of the buffer layer 20 and the installation method between the buffer layer 20 and the rockfall protection structure can be adjusted according to different slopes, geological conditions and rockfall scales to meet various rockfall protection requirements.

[0051] Since the buffer layer 20 can maintain excellent performance during long-term use, especially in the face of the influence of environmental factors such as multiple impacts, temperature differences, and corrosion, the negative Poisson's ratio honeycomb structure 21 and the filling material can effectively maintain its negative Poisson's ratio characteristics and buffer effect, ensuring the long-term stability of the rockfall protection structure.

[0052] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. For the sake of brevity of description, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, it should be considered as the scope recorded in this specification.

[0053] The above embodiments only represent several implementation manners of the present application, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the application. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present application, several deformations and improvements can still be made, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A rockfall buffer device with negative Poisson's ratio, characterized in that: It comprises a rockfall blocking structure and a buffer protective layer installed on the collision side of the rockfall blocking structure, the buffer protective layer comprises a negative Poisson's ratio honeycomb structure, a pressure-bearing plate and a filling material, the negative Poisson's ratio honeycomb structure is provided with the pressure-bearing plates on both sides of the collision direction, the collision direction is perpendicular to the collision side of the rockfall blocking structure, and the filling material is filled in the gaps of the negative Poisson's ratio honeycomb structure; The negative Poisson's ratio honeycomb structure comprises a plurality of mesh structure layers and a plurality of curved connecting rods, wherein the plurality of mesh structure layers are arranged at equal intervals in the impact direction, the mesh structure layer is formed by interlacing curved rods in a first direction and a second direction perpendicular to each other to form a mesh structure, the first direction and the second direction are both perpendicular to the impact direction, the curved rods are formed by linearly connecting a plurality of first arc units in sequence, the bending directions of adjacent first arc units are opposite, the planes where the curved rods are located are parallel to the impact direction, in the mesh structure layer, the spacing between two adjacent curved rods in the first direction and the spacing between two adjacent curved rods in the second direction are both the chord length of the first arc unit, and the bending directions of the first arc units at corresponding positions of two adjacent mesh structure layers in the impact direction are opposite; the corresponding connection nodes between the mesh structure layers in the impact direction are connected by the curved connecting rods, the curved connecting rods are formed by connecting a plurality of second arc units in sequence along the impact direction, the bending directions of adjacent second arc units are opposite, the planes where the two adjacent curved connecting rods are located are perpendicular to each other, and the spacing between two adjacent mesh structure layers is the chord length of the second arc unit; The chord lengths of the first arc unit and the second arc unit are equal, the center angle θ1 corresponding to the first arc unit is 45°-90°, and the center angle θ2 corresponding to the second arc unit satisfies the following formula: ； In the formula, l is the chord length of the first arc unit. When θ2 and θ1 satisfy the above formula, the Poisson's ratio ν of the negative Poisson's ratio honeycomb structure is -1. On this basis, increasing θ2 can increase the corresponding lateral deformation under unit impact direction displacement and reduce the Poisson's ratio ν; reducing θ2 can reduce the corresponding lateral deformation under unit impact direction displacement and increase the Poisson's ratio ν.

2. The rockfall buffer device with negative Poisson's ratio characteristic according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filling material comprises polymer foam or aerogel, and the filling material is tightly combined with the negative Poisson's ratio honeycomb structure by injection or spraying.

3. The rockfall buffer device with negative Poisson's ratio characteristic according to claim 1, characterized in that: The negative Poisson's ratio honeycomb structure is made of metal material or polymer material through 3D printing, laser cutting or metal stamping.

4. The rockfall buffer device with negative Poisson's ratio characteristic according to claim 1, characterized in that: The chord lengths of the first arc unit and the second arc unit are equal, the cross-sections of the curved rod and the curved connecting rod are circular or square, and the cross-section diameter or side length is 0.05-0.15 times the chord length of the first arc unit.

5. The rockfall buffer device with negative Poisson's ratio characteristic according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rockfall retaining structure comprises a rockfall retaining pile or a rockfall retaining wall of a reinforced concrete structure.

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