Integrated fan main shaft system with replaceable semi-conical sliding bearing

Abstract

The invention discloses an integrated fan spindle shaft system with a replaceable semi-conical sliding bearing, which comprises a fan spindle, a sliding bearing block and a bearing seat, the fan spindle is provided with a shaft neck, and the shaft neck is provided with a plurality of groups of uniformly arranged first half threaded holes; a plurality of sliding bearing blocks are uniformly distributed outside the shaft neck at intervals, and second half threaded holes corresponding to the first half threaded holes are formed in the lower parts of the sliding bearing blocks; inner conical surfaces for accommodating the sliding bearing blocks are arranged on the two sides of the bearing seat; a plurality of groups of oil inlet holes are formed in the bearing seat and are used for supplying oil to a working surface. The sliding bearing is designed into a semi-conical shape, so that a single type of bearing can bear large radial and axial loads; in addition, the sliding bearing block is detachably installed on the fan main shaft, when the sliding bearing block is abnormally abraded, the sliding bearing block can be replaced in a tower cabin, later maintenance and replacement are facilitated, and meanwhile the maintenance cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of fan main shafts, and in particular relates to a fan main shaft system with an integrated replaceable semi-conical sliding bearing. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of the wind power industry, the trend of large-scale development is irreversible both onshore and offshore, and the types of wind turbines and their transmission chain support methods are becoming more and more diversified in order to better meet development needs. At present, the main shaft of the wind turbine uses rolling bearings, among which spherical roller bearings are mostly used for double-fed and 5MW models, and they have strong anti-torque and spherical properties. Direct-drive and semi-direct-drive models mostly use tapered roller bearings and three-row cylindrical roller bearings, which are suitable for large-scale units. At present, tapered roller bearings are the focus of research and development of domestic enterprises, and large-scale wind turbines have begun to be installed in batches. However, due to factors such as large size, large weight of a single piece, and high price of rolling bearings, the weight and cost of the main bearings in large wind turbines account for a high proportion.

[0003] In addition, the later maintenance and replacement of rolling bearings has always been a problem faced by the wind power industry. Since rolling bearings have complex structures and are often installed in difficult-to-reach locations, their maintenance and replacement is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but also costly. Especially in offshore wind power projects, the maintenance and replacement of rolling bearings is even more difficult due to factors such as harsh environments and inconvenient transportation. Therefore, adopting a more compact structure and the ability to replace sliding bearings in the cabin has become a technical trend.

[0004] In order to overcome the limitations of rolling bearings in large wind turbines, the industry has begun to explore the use of sliding bearings as an alternative. Sliding bearings are gradually favored by the wind power industry for their compact structure, strong load-bearing capacity, and easy maintenance. Especially under the technical trend of "sliding instead of rolling", it has become a top priority to develop sliding bearings that are suitable for large-scale units.

[0005] However, the application of sliding bearings in wind turbine main shaft systems also faces many challenges. First, sliding bearings need to meet the load-bearing capacity in radial, axial and overturning moments to ensure the stable operation of wind turbines. Secondly, due to the variable operating conditions of wind turbines, sliding bearings need to have good adaptability and durability to cope with the test of various complex loads. In addition, in order to improve production efficiency, various OEMs are eager to achieve the assembly supply of key components such as the main shaft system assembly, which requires that the compatibility and integration with other components be fully considered when designing sliding bearings. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and provide a replaceable semi-conical sliding bearing integrated wind turbine main shaft system, which can not only effectively reduce the weight and cost of the main shaft system in large wind turbines, but also improve the convenience of maintenance and replacement, thereby promoting the wind power industry to develop in a more efficient, reliable and economical direction.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0008] A fan main shaft system with an integrated replaceable semi-conical sliding bearing, comprising:

[0009] A fan main shaft, wherein the fan main shaft is provided with a journal, and the journal is provided with a plurality of groups of evenly arranged first half threaded holes;

[0010] A sliding bearing block, wherein a plurality of sliding bearing blocks are evenly spaced outside the journal, a second half threaded hole corresponding to the first half threaded hole is provided at the lower portion of the sliding bearing block, the first half threaded hole and the second half threaded hole constitute a complete threaded hole, and a fastening bolt is connected to the inner thread of the threaded hole for connecting the sliding bearing block to the main shaft of the fan; a working surface is provided at the upper portion of the sliding bearing block, an oil retaining ring is provided at the large head end of the sliding bearing block, and an inner end surface is provided on the inner side of the oil retaining ring;

[0011] The bearing seat has inner conical surfaces on both sides for accommodating the sliding bearing blocks, and there is a complete lubricating oil film between the inner conical surface and the working surface, and the inner conical surface does not contact the working surface; the side wall of the bearing seat is in clearance with the inner end surface of the inner side of the oil retaining ring; the bearing seat is provided with a plurality of groups of oil inlet holes, each group of oil inlet holes includes two oil channels for supplying oil to the working surface;

[0012] The sealing cover plate is installed at both ends of the bearing seat and is used to seal the bearing seat.

[0013] As a further preferred embodiment of the present technical solution, the sliding bearing blocks are arranged in a "back-to-back" manner at both ends of the bearing seat.

[0014] As a further preferred embodiment of the present technical solution, the shaft neck is provided with several groups of positioning holes, and positioning pins are provided in the positioning holes for circumferential and axial positioning of the sliding bearing block. The lower part of the sliding bearing block is provided with a pin shaft groove corresponding to the positioning pin, and the sliding bearing block is disassembled and assembled in the axial direction of the shaft neck by pulling and pulling.

[0015] As a further preferred embodiment of the present technical solution, the two oil passages of each group of oil inlet holes are located at one end of the inner conical surface of the bearing seat and are connected by a connecting oil groove, so as to provide a complete oil film on the working surface when the sliding bearing block rotates.

[0016] As a further preferred embodiment of the present technical solution, a plurality of mounting holes are provided on both sides of the bearing seat, and distance sensors are installed in the mounting holes for monitoring the distance between the inner end surface of the inner side of the oil retaining ring and the inner conical surface end of the bearing seat, so as to monitor the wear of the sliding bearing block and determine whether the sliding bearing block needs to be replaced.

[0017] As a further optimization of the present technical solution, the journal and the bearing block are made of alloy steel with the same properties, and the two working surfaces of the sliding bearing block are composed of steel back + alloy layer + coating, wherein the alloy layer should meet the requirements of impact resistance and wear resistance, and the coating should meet the conditions of initial running-in or frequent starting and stopping under low-speed and heavy-load conditions, and even restarting after long-term shutdown. The mating surfaces of the bearing seat and the bearing block are quenched.

[0018] As a further optimization of the technical solution, the shaft neck is provided at two locations on the fan main shaft, and the bearing seat adopts two-point support, and the bearing seats of the two sliding bearing blocks are integrated into one bearing seat, so that the fan main shaft, the bearing seat and the sliding bearing block form a "rigid" whole, thereby improving the load-bearing capacity of the assembly.

[0019] As a further optimization of the technical solution, the journal is provided at one place on the main shaft of the fan, and the bearing seat adopts a single-point support.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0021] 1) The present invention designs the sliding bearing into a semi-conical shape, and by selecting a suitable cone angle, a single type of bearing is able to carry relatively large radial and axial loads; the wind turbine main shaft, bearings, and bearing seats are integrated into a "rigid" whole, thereby enhancing the wind turbine main shaft system's ability to withstand wind-load tipping torque; compared with other integrated wind turbine main shaft assemblies using sliding bearings, the wind turbine main shaft system has a simple structure and is easy to process, while the sliding bearings are easy to install, and by supplying the assembly, the logistics and transportation costs can be reduced, while the assembly efficiency of the entire machine unit can be improved; in addition, the sliding bearing block of the present application can be detachably mounted on the wind turbine main shaft and rotate with the main shaft. When the sliding bearing block is abnormally worn, the wind turbine main shaft is rotated to a non-load-bearing area and can be replaced in the tower nacelle, which is convenient for later repair and replacement, while reducing maintenance costs.

[0022] 2) The sliding bearing blocks are arranged in a "back-to-back" manner at both ends of the bearing seat, which enhances the radial and axial support angle rigidity and anti-deformation ability, effectively resists overturning moment, and thus maintains the stability of the fan main shaft.

[0023] 3) By setting a positioning hole on the journal and setting a pin groove at the bottom of the sliding bearing block, the sliding bearing block can be disassembled and assembled by pulling and pulling in the axial direction of the journal, thereby ensuring the installation accuracy of the sliding bearing block.

[0024] 4) By setting a connecting oil groove to connect the ends of the two oil channels of each group of oil inlet holes, it is convenient for the working surface to control the complete oil film when the sliding bearing block rotates, thereby ensuring the lubrication effect between the working surface and the inner conical surface of the bearing seat.

[0025] 5) By installing a distance sensor, it is convenient to monitor the distance between the inner end face of the inner side of the oil retaining ring and the inner conical end of the bearing seat in real time; when the sliding bearing block is abnormally worn or affected by abnormal wind loads in extreme weather, causing the distance to exceed the allowable value for a period of time, the signal will be transmitted back to the control center to provide guidance for subsequent maintenance or replacement and reduce work intensity.

[0026] 6) The journal and bearing block are made of alloy steel with the same properties, and the two working surfaces of the sliding bearing block are made of steel back + alloy layer + coating, which meets the requirements of the shaft system's impact resistance and wear resistance, and can be frequently started and stopped during initial running-in or under low-speed and heavy-load conditions, and even restarted after long-term shutdown. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Attached Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the shaft system assembly of Example 1.

[0028] Attached Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of the shaft system of Example 1.

[0029] Attached Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0030] Attached Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the fan main shaft structure in Example 1.

[0031] Attached Figure 5 yes Figure 4 A partial enlarged view of point B in the middle.

[0032] Attached Figure 6 It is a cross-sectional view of the bearing seat in Example 1.

[0033] Attached Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sliding bearing block.

[0034] Attached Figure 8 This is a bottom view of the sliding bearing block.

[0035] Attached Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the shaft system assembly of Example 2.

[0036] Attached Fig.10 It is a cross-sectional view of the shaft system of Example 2.

[0037] Attached Fig.11 This is a schematic diagram of the fan main shaft structure in Example 2.

[0038] Attached Fig.12It is a cross-sectional view of the bearing seat in Example 2.

[0039] In the figure, 1. fan main shaft; 11. shaft neck; 12. first half threaded hole; 13. positioning hole; 14. positioning pin; 2. sliding bearing block; 21. second half threaded hole; 22. pin shaft groove; 23. working surface; 24. oil retaining ring; 25. inner end surface; 3. bearing seat; 31. inner conical surface; 32. oil channel; 33. connecting oil groove; 34. mounting hole; 4. sealing cover plate; 5. distance sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The following will be combined with the attached Figure 1-Figure 12 , the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0042] Example 1

[0043] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, a replaceable semi-conical sliding bearing integrated fan main shaft system includes: a fan main shaft 1, a sliding bearing block 2, a bearing seat 3 and a sealing cover plate 4, as shown in FIG. Figure 4 As shown, the fan main shaft 1 is provided with a journal 11. Figure 5 As shown, the shaft neck 11 is provided with a plurality of groups of evenly arranged first half threaded holes 12; a plurality of sliding bearing blocks 2 are evenly spaced outside the shaft neck 11, and the lower part of the sliding bearing block 2 is provided with a second half threaded hole 21 corresponding to the first half threaded hole 12, the first half threaded hole 12 and the second half threaded hole 21 constitute a complete threaded hole, and the threaded hole is threadedly connected with a fastening bolt for connecting the sliding bearing block 2 to the fan main shaft 1; Figure 7 As shown, the upper part of the sliding bearing block 2 is provided with a working surface 23, the large end of the sliding bearing block 2 is provided with an oil retaining ring 24, and the inner side of the oil retaining ring 24 is provided with an inner end surface 25;

[0044] The bearing seat 3 is provided with inner conical surfaces 31 on both sides for accommodating the sliding bearing block 2, and there is a complete lubricating oil film between the inner conical surface 31 and the working surface 23 without contact; the side wall of the bearing seat 3 and the inner end surface 25 on the inner side of the oil retaining ring 24 are clearance-matched; the bearing seat 3 is provided with a plurality of groups of oil inlet holes, each group of oil inlet holes includes two oil channels 32 for supplying oil to the working surface 23; the sealing cover plate 4 is installed at both ends of the bearing seat 3 for sealing the bearing seat 3.

[0045] like Figure 2 , Fig.10 As shown, the sliding bearing blocks 2 are arranged in a "back-to-back" manner at both ends of the bearing seat 3, which enhances the radial and axial support angle rigidity and anti-deformation ability, effectively resists the overturning moment, and thus maintains the stability of the fan main shaft 1.

[0046] like Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Fig.11 As shown, the journal 11 is provided with a plurality of positioning holes 13, and the positioning holes 13 are provided with positioning pins 14 for circumferential and axial positioning of the sliding bearing block 2. The lower part of the sliding bearing block 2 is provided with a pin groove 22 corresponding to the positioning pin 14. The sliding bearing block 2 is disassembled and assembled in the axial direction of the journal 11 by pulling and pulling, thereby ensuring the installation accuracy of the sliding bearing block 2.

[0047] like Figure 6 , Fig.12 As shown, the two oil passages 32 of each group of oil inlet holes are located at one end of the inner conical surface 31 of the bearing seat 3 and are connected by a connecting oil groove 33, which is used to distribute a complete oil film on the working surface 23 when the sliding bearing block 2 rotates, thereby ensuring the lubrication effect between the working surface 23 and the inner conical surface 31 of the bearing seat 3.

[0048] like Figure 6 , Fig.12 As shown, the bearing seat 3 is provided with a plurality of mounting holes 34 on both sides. Figure 3 As shown, a distance sensor 5 is installed in the mounting hole 34 to monitor the distance between the inner end face 25 on the inner side of the oil retaining ring 24 and the end of the inner conical surface 31 of the bearing seat 3; when the sliding bearing block 2 is abnormally worn or affected by abnormal wind loads in extreme weather, causing the distance to exceed the allowable value for a period of time, a signal is transmitted back to the control center to provide guidance for subsequent maintenance or replacement and reduce work intensity.

[0049] The journal and bearing block are made of alloy steel with the same properties. The two working surfaces of the sliding bearing block 2 are composed of steel back + alloy layer + coating, wherein the alloy layer should meet the requirements of impact resistance and wear resistance, and the coating should meet the requirements of initial running-in or frequent starting and stopping under low-speed and heavy-load conditions, and even restarting after long-term shutdown. The matching surfaces of the bearing seat 3 and the bearing block are quenched to increase the hardness and enhance wear resistance.

[0050] In this embodiment, if Figure 2 , Figure 4 As shown, the journal 11 is provided at two locations on the fan main shaft 1, and the bearing seat 3 is supported at two points, and the bearing seats 3 of the two sliding bearing blocks 2 are integrated into one bearing seat 3, so that the fan main shaft, the bearing seat and the sliding bearing block form a "rigid" whole, thereby improving the bearing capacity of the assembly.

[0051] Example 2

[0052] The difference from Example 1 is that Fig.10 , Fig.11 As shown, in this embodiment, the journal 11 is provided at one location on the fan main shaft 1, and the bearing seat 3 is supported at a single point.

[0053] When the sliding bearing block 2 is disassembled for maintenance, rotate the damaged sliding bearing block 2 to the non-load-bearing area (when the fan main shaft 1 adopts two-point support, the non-load-bearing area of ​​the left sliding bearing block 2 is at the upper part, and the non-load-bearing area of ​​the right sliding bearing block 2 is at the lower part; when the fan main shaft 1 adopts single-point support, the non-load-bearing area is at the upper part), remove the sealing cover plate 4, remove the fastening bolts used to connect the sliding bearing block 2 to the main shaft, and pull out the sliding bearing block 2 along the axial direction.

[0054] The above contents are merely examples and explanations of the structure of the present invention. The technicians in this technical field may make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described or replace them in a similar manner. As long as they do not deviate from the structure of the invention or exceed the scope defined by the claims, they should all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fan main shaft system with an integrated replaceable semi-conical sliding bearing, characterized in that: include: A fan main shaft (1), wherein the fan main shaft (1) is provided with a shaft neck (11), and the shaft neck (11) is provided with a plurality of groups of evenly arranged first half threaded holes (12); A sliding bearing block (2), wherein a plurality of sliding bearing blocks (2) are evenly spaced outside the shaft neck (11); a second half threaded hole (21) corresponding to the first half threaded hole (12) is provided at the lower portion of the sliding bearing block (2); the first half threaded hole (12) and the second half threaded hole (21) form a complete threaded hole, and a fastening bolt is connected to the inner thread of the threaded hole for connecting the sliding bearing block (2) to the fan main shaft (1); a working surface (23) is provided at the upper portion of the sliding bearing block (2); an oil retaining ring (24) is provided at the large end of the sliding bearing block (2); an inner end surface (25) is provided on the inner side of the oil retaining ring (24); A bearing seat (3), wherein inner conical surfaces (31) for accommodating the sliding bearing block (2) are provided on both sides of the bearing seat (3), and a complete lubricating oil film exists between the inner conical surface (31) and the working surface (23), and the inner conical surface (31) does not contact the working surface (23); the side wall of the bearing seat (3) and the inner end surface (25) of the inner side of the oil retaining ring (24) are clearance-matched; the bearing seat (3) is provided with a plurality of groups of oil inlet holes, each group of oil inlet holes includes two oil passages (32) for supplying oil to the working surface (23); The sealing cover plate (4) is installed at both ends of the bearing seat (3) and is used for sealing the bearing seat (3).

2. The replaceable semi-conical sliding bearing integrated fan main shaft system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The sliding bearing blocks (2) are arranged in a "back-to-back" manner at both ends of the bearing seat (3).

3. The replaceable semi-conical sliding bearing integrated fan main shaft system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The journal (11) is provided with a plurality of groups of positioning holes (13), and positioning pins (14) are provided in the positioning holes (13) for circumferential and axial positioning of the sliding bearing block (2). The lower part of the sliding bearing block (2) is provided with a pin groove (22) corresponding to the positioning pin (14), and the sliding bearing block (2) is disassembled and assembled in the axial direction of the journal (11) by means of pulling and drawing.

4. The replaceable semi-conical sliding bearing integrated fan main shaft system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Two oil passages (32) of each group of oil inlet holes are located at one end of the inner conical surface (31) of the bearing seat (3) and are connected through a connecting oil groove (33) to control the complete oil film on the working surface (23) when the sliding bearing block (2) rotates.

5. The replaceable semi-conical sliding bearing integrated fan main shaft system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A plurality of mounting holes (34) are provided on both sides of the bearing seat (3), and a distance sensor (5) is installed in the mounting hole (34) for monitoring the distance between the inner end face (25) of the oil retaining ring (24) and the end of the inner conical surface (31) of the bearing seat (3). The distance between the two is used to indicate the wear condition of the sliding bearing block (2). Once the distance exceeds the limit set by the standard, it is determined to be abnormal wear and the sliding bearing block needs to be replaced.

6. The replaceable semi-conical sliding bearing integrated fan main shaft system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The journal (11) and the bearing block are made of alloy steel with the same properties. The working surface material composition of the sliding bearing block (2) is steel back + alloy layer + coating, wherein the alloy layer should meet the requirements of impact resistance and wear resistance, and the coating should meet the requirements of initial running-in or frequent start and stop under low speed and heavy load conditions, and even restart after long-term shutdown. The matching surfaces of the bearing seat (3) and the bearing block are quenched.

7. A fan main shaft system with integrated replaceable semi-conical sliding bearing according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The shaft neck (11) is provided at two locations on the fan main shaft (1), and the bearing seat (3) is supported at two points, so that the bearing seats (3) of the two sliding bearing blocks (2) are integrated into one bearing seat (3), so that the fan main shaft (1), the bearing seat (3) and the sliding bearing block (2) form a "rigid" whole.

8. A fan main shaft system with an integrated replaceable semi-conical sliding bearing according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The journal (11) is provided at one location on the fan main shaft (1), and the bearing seat (3) is supported at a single point.

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