Compact rigidity self-control type air spring and working method

Abstract

According to the compact rigidity self-control type air spring and the working method, a self-control device outer barrel is located in a piston air chamber, the upper end of the self-control device outer barrel is fixedly connected with a piston top plate, a self-control device inner barrel is coaxially sleeved with the self-control device outer barrel at intervals, and the lower section of the inner barrel is located in the outer barrel; the upper section upwards penetrates through the piston top plate and then extends into the air bag; the inner cylinder is provided with three rows of vent holes at different heights from top to bottom, and the upper row of vent holes of the inner cylinder are always located in the air bag; when a vehicle body is static, the inner cylinder middle row vent holes and the inner cylinder lower row vent holes are located in the piston air chamber. The lower section of the outer cylinder is provided with outer cylinder upper-row vent holes and outer cylinder lower-row vent holes; when the stroke of the suspension does not exceed the riding comfort of the automobile, the stroke of the suspension is improved, and the air bag, the piston air chamber and the additional air chamber work together to provide small rigidity, so that the automobile obtains good riding comfort; on the contrary, only the air bag works to provide larger rigidity, so that the automobile gives consideration to the automobile body posture stability and prevents the suspension limit from being impacted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of automobiles and relates to a suspension spring of an automobile, in particular to a self-controlled stiffness air spring used for automobile suspension. Background Art

[0002] The suspension is an important structural and functional component of the automobile. It mainly attenuates the vibration transmitted from the wheels to the vehicle body when the vehicle is driving on a bad road, so that the passengers can enjoy good riding comfort. In order to provide good low-frequency and high-frequency vibration suppression effects of the vehicle body at the same time, the document with the patent application number CN2024112169851 and the name "Gradual-stiffness-increasing three-mass two-level vibration reduction graded control suspension and design and application" provides a gradual-stiffness-increasing spring driven by the suspension stroke with an air spring as the basic component and a stiffness control valve arranged between the airbag and the stiffness control air chamber. When the absolute value of the suspension dynamic stroke is less than or equal to a specific preset threshold, the stiffness control valve connects the airbag and the stiffness control air chamber, and the gradual-stiffness-increasing spring automatically provides a small stiffness; when the absolute value of the suspension dynamic stroke is greater than or equal to a specific preset threshold, the stiffness control valve disconnects the airbag and the stiffness control air chamber, and the gradual-stiffness-increasing spring automatically provides a large stiffness. The stiffness increasing spring cooperates with a damper with large damping output to obtain a good low-frequency vibration suppression effect of the vehicle body. The stiffness increasing spring cooperates with a damper with small damping output and a wheel dynamic vibration absorber to obtain a good high-frequency vibration suppression effect of the vehicle body. The stiffness increasing spring automatically provides a large stiffness when the suspension is far away from the equilibrium position, automatically ensuring the stability of the vehicle body posture. However, the problem is that the stiffness control valve is large in size, has many parts, is located outside the airbag, needs to be sealed between the valve body and the valve core, and also occupies the installation space of the suspension. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art and to provide a compact stiffness self-controlled air spring and a working method thereof which does not occupy the suspension installation space, has few parts and does not need to consider sealing.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: it includes an airbag, a piston air chamber and an additional air chamber, the upper end of the airbag is connected to the vehicle body by an airbag top plate, the airbag is located above the piston air chamber, the piston air chamber and the airbag are separated by the piston top plate, the lower end of the piston air chamber is mounted on the wheel by a piston bottom plate, the piston air chamber is connected to the additional air chamber through an air pipe, and also includes an automatic control device outer cylinder and an automatic control device inner cylinder, the automatic control device outer cylinder is located in the piston air chamber and the upper end is fixedly connected to the piston top plate, and the lower end is suspended in the piston air chamber; the automatic control device outer cylinder is coaxially sleeved with the automatic control device inner cylinder and the automatic control device inner cylinder can move up and down in the automatic control device outer cylinder along the axial direction; the automatic control device The lower section of the inner cylinder is located in the outer cylinder of the automatic control device, and the upper section passes upward through the piston top plate and extends into the airbag, and the upper end is hinged to the airbag top plate, and the lower end of the inner cylinder of the automatic control device is sealed; the inner cylinder of the automatic control device is provided with three rows of vents at different heights from top to bottom, and the upper row of vents in the inner cylinder in the top row are always located in the airbag; when the vehicle body is stationary, the middle row of vents in the inner cylinder in the middle row and the lower row of vents in the inner cylinder in the bottom row are located in the piston air chamber; the outer cylinder of the automatic control device is provided with an upper row of vents in the outer cylinder and a lower row of vents in the outer cylinder, and when the vehicle body is stationary, the upper edge of the middle row of vents in the inner cylinder is aligned with the upper edge of the upper row of vents in the outer cylinder, and the lower edge of the lower row of vents in the inner cylinder is aligned with the lower edge of the lower row of vents in the outer cylinder.

[0005] The working method of the compact stiffness self-controlled air spring adopts the following technical scheme:

[0006] When the vehicle body moves upward and away from the wheels, the inner cylinder of the automatic control device moves upward relative to the outer cylinder of the automatic control device. When the lower edge of the middle row of vent holes in the inner cylinder is not higher than the upper edge of the upper row of vent holes in the outer cylinder, compressed air flows upward from the piston air chamber through the upper row of vent holes in the outer cylinder, the middle row of vent holes in the inner cylinder, the inside of the inner cylinder of the automatic control device, and the upper row of vent holes in the inner cylinder into the airbag, and the airbag, the piston air chamber and the additional air chamber work together to provide a smaller rigidity; when the lower edge of the middle row of vent holes in the inner cylinder is higher than the upper edge of the upper row of vent holes in the outer cylinder, only the airbag provides a larger rigidity.

[0007] When the vehicle body moves downward toward the wheel, the inner cylinder of the automatic control device moves downward relative to the outer cylinder of the automatic control device. When the upper edge of the lower vent holes of the inner cylinder is not lower than the lower edge of the lower row of vent holes of the outer cylinder, compressed air flows from the airbag through the upper row of vent holes of the inner cylinder, the inside of the inner cylinder of the automatic control device, the lower row of vent holes of the inner cylinder, and the lower row of vent holes of the outer cylinder into the piston air chamber, and the airbag, the piston air chamber and the additional air chamber work together to provide a smaller rigidity. When the upper edge of the lower row of vent holes of the inner cylinder is lower than the lower edge of the lower row of vent holes of the outer cylinder, only the airbag works to provide a larger rigidity.

[0008] The beneficial effects of the present invention after adopting the above technical solution are:

[0009] 1. Compared with the stiffness control valve of the stiffness increasing spring provided in the document with patent application number CN2024112169851, the present invention mainly has the following differences: 1) The double-tube stiffness automatic control device adopts an inner and outer tube structure, rather than an outer valve body and an inner rod body structure, so there is no need to connect a vent pipe separately, reducing parts. 2) The inner and outer tubes of the double-tube stiffness automatic control device are respectively provided with three rows and two rows of vent holes, instead of three holes and one groove on the valve body of the stiffness control valve, and two grooves on the valve core of the stiffness control valve, which can obviously improve the ventilation efficiency. 3) There is no need to set a spring return device between the inner and outer tubes of the double-tube stiffness automatic control device like the stiffness control valve between the valve body and the valve core, so the structure is simplified and the volume is reduced; 4) Because the double-tube stiffness automatic control device is located inside the air spring, there is no need to set a sealing device separately like the valve body and valve core set outside, and the structure is simpler and more reliable, and will not occupy additional suspension installation space.

[0010] 2. In the present invention, when the suspension stroke does not exceed the suspension stroke threshold for improving the ride comfort of the vehicle, the airbag, the piston air chamber and the additional air chamber work together to provide a smaller stiffness, so that the vehicle obtains better ride comfort; on the contrary, when the suspension stroke exceeds the suspension stroke for improving the ride comfort of the vehicle, only the airbag works to provide a larger stiffness, so that the vehicle can take into account the stability of the vehicle body posture and avoid the suspension limit being hit. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a compact stiffness self-controlled air spring of the present invention;

[0012] In the figure: 1. airbag; 1-1. airbag top plate; 2. automatic control device outer cylinder; 2-1. outer cylinder upper row of holes; 2-2. outer cylinder lower row of holes; 3. piston air chamber; 3-1. piston top plate; 3-2. piston bottom plate; 4. automatic control device inner cylinder; 4-1. inner cylinder upper row of holes; 4-2. inner cylinder middle row of holes; 4-3. inner cylinder lower row of holes; 5. additional air chamber; 6. ball joint. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0013] See also Figure 1 The compact stiffness self-control air spring of the present invention comprises an air bag 1, a piston air chamber 3, an additional air chamber 5, a double-tube stiffness self-control device and a ball joint 6. The double-tube stiffness self-control device is composed of a self-control device outer tube 2 and a self-control device inner tube 4.

[0014] The airbag 1 is located above the piston chamber 3. The upper end of the airbag 1 is the airbag top plate 1-1, which is connected to the vehicle body. The piston chamber 3 is upwardly mounted below the airbag 1. The piston chamber 3 and the airbag 1 are separated by the piston top plate 3-1, which separates the piston chamber 3 from the compressed air in the airbag 1. The lower end of the piston chamber 3 is the piston bottom plate 3-2, which is downwardly mounted on the wheel. The piston chamber 3 is externally connected to an additional air chamber 5 through an air pipe.

[0015] The double-tube stiffness automatic control device is arranged inside the airbag 1 and the piston air chamber 3, wherein the outer tube 2 of the automatic control device is entirely located inside the piston air chamber 3, the upper end of the outer tube 2 of the automatic control device is fixedly connected upward to the piston top plate 3-1, and the lower end of the outer tube 2 of the automatic control device is suspended in the piston air chamber 3. An inner tube 4 of the automatic control device is coaxially sleeved in the outer tube 2 of the automatic control device, the lower section of the inner tube 4 of the automatic control device is located in the outer tube 2 of the automatic control device, and the inner tube 4 of the automatic control device can move up and down in the outer tube 2 of the automatic control device along the axial direction. The upper section of the inner tube 4 of the automatic control device passes through the piston top plate 3-1 upward and then extends into the airbag 1. And the upper end of the inner tube 4 of the automatic control device is hinged to the airbag top plate 1-1. The upper end of the inner tube 4 of the automatic control device of the present invention is connected upward to the airbag top plate 1-1 by a ball joint 6. The lower end, i.e., the bottom, of the inner tube 4 of the automatic control device should be sealed and can extend below the outer tube 2 of the automatic control device.

[0016] On the inner cylinder 4 of the automatic control device, three rows of vent holes are opened at different heights from top to bottom, among which the top row is the upper row of vent holes 4-1 of the inner cylinder, which are always located in the airbag 1. The middle row is the middle row of vent holes 4-2 of the inner cylinder, and the bottom row is the lower row of vent holes 4-3 of the inner cylinder. When the vehicle body is stationary, the middle row of vent holes 4-2 of the inner cylinder and the lower row of vent holes 4-3 of the inner cylinder are located in the piston air chamber 3. The middle row of vent holes 4-2 of the inner cylinder and the lower row of vent holes 4-3 of the inner cylinder are in the shape of long strips, and the length direction of the long strips is in the axial direction of the inner cylinder 4 of the automatic control device.

[0017] Two rows of vent holes are provided at the lower section of the outer cylinder 2 of the automatic control device, namely, the upper row of vent holes 2-1 of the outer cylinder and the lower row of vent holes 2-2 of the outer cylinder. When the vehicle body is stationary, the upper edge of the middle row of vent holes 4-2 of the inner cylinder is aligned with the upper edge of the upper row of vent holes 2-1 of the outer cylinder, and the lower edge of the lower row of vent holes 4-3 of the inner cylinder is aligned with the lower edge of the lower row of vent holes 2-2 of the outer cylinder.

[0018] Under the condition of ensuring strength, whether it is the outer tube 2 of the automatic control device or the inner tube 4 of the automatic control device, the sum of the cross-sectional areas of all the ventilation holes in the same row thereon should be as large as possible to improve ventilation efficiency.

[0019] When the vehicle body moves upward away from the wheel, the airbag top plate 1-1 and the ball joint 6 drive the automatic control device inner cylinder 4 to move upward relative to the automatic control device outer cylinder 2 fixed on the piston top plate 3-1. When the lower edge of the inner cylinder middle row of vent holes 4-2 is not higher than the upper edge of the outer cylinder upper row of vent holes 2-1, the compressed air flows upward from the piston air chamber 3 through the outer cylinder upper row of vent holes 2-1, the inner cylinder middle row of vent holes 4-2, the inside of the automatic control device inner cylinder 4, and the inner cylinder upper row of vent holes 4-1 into the airbag 1, and the airbag 1, the piston air chamber 3 and the additional air chamber 5 work together to provide a small rigidity. When the lower edge of the inner cylinder middle row of vent holes 4-2 is higher than the upper edge of the outer cylinder upper row of vent holes 2-1, there is no compressed air flowing between the automatic control device outer cylinder 2 and the automatic control device inner cylinder 4, so only the airbag 1 works to provide a large rigidity.

[0020] When the vehicle body moves downwards towards the wheel, the airbag top plate 1-1 and the ball joint 6 drive the automatic control device inner cylinder 4 to move downwards relative to the automatic control device outer cylinder 2 fixed on the piston top plate 3-1. When the upper edge of the inner cylinder lower vent hole 4-3 is not lower than the lower edge of the outer cylinder lower row vent hole 2-2, the compressed air flows from the airbag 1 through the inner cylinder upper row vent hole 4-1, the inside of the automatic control device inner cylinder 4, the inner cylinder lower row vent hole 4-3, and the outer cylinder lower row vent hole 2-2 into the piston air chamber 3. At this time, the airbag 1, the piston air chamber 3 and the additional air chamber 5 work together to provide a small rigidity. When the upper edge of the inner cylinder lower row vent hole 4-3 is lower than the lower edge of the outer cylinder lower row vent hole 2-2, there is no compressed air flowing between the automatic control device outer cylinder 2 and the automatic control device inner cylinder 4, so only the airbag 1 works to provide a large rigidity.

[0021] The length of the inner tube vent hole 4-2 and the length of the inner tube lower vent hole 4-3 are both equal to the suspension travel threshold for improving the ride comfort of the vehicle. The distance between the upper edge of the inner tube vent hole 4-2 and the upper edge of the inner tube lower vent hole 4-3 is designed to be slightly larger than the suspension limit travel.

[0022] Since the compressed air flow between the airbag 1 and the piston air chamber 3 is controlled by the suspension stroke, no additional sensor and controller are required. For this reason, the air spring of the present invention is named as a stiffness self-controlled air spring.

Claims

1. A compact stiffness self-controlled air spring, comprising an airbag (1), a piston air chamber (3) and an additional air chamber (5), wherein the upper end of the airbag (1) is connected to the vehicle body by an airbag top plate (1-1), the airbag (1) is located above the piston air chamber (3), the piston air chamber (3) and the airbag (1) are separated by a piston top plate (3-1), the lower end of the piston air chamber (3) is mounted on the wheel by a piston bottom plate (3-2), the piston air chamber (3) is externally connected to the additional air chamber (5) through an air pipe, and is characterized in that: It also comprises an automatic control device outer cylinder (2) and an automatic control device inner cylinder (4); the automatic control device outer cylinder (2) is located in the piston air chamber (3) and the upper end is fixedly connected to the piston top plate (3-1), and the lower end is suspended in the piston air chamber (3); the automatic control device inner cylinder (4) is coaxially sleeved in the automatic control device outer cylinder (2), and the automatic control device inner cylinder (4) can move up and down in the automatic control device outer cylinder (2) along the axial direction; the lower section of the automatic control device inner cylinder (4) is located in the automatic control device outer cylinder (2), the upper section passes through the piston top plate (3-1) upwards and then extends into the airbag (1), and the upper end is hinged to the airbag top plate (1-1), and the lower end of the automatic control device inner cylinder (4) is sealed; The inner cylinder (4) of the automatic control device has three rows of vent holes at different heights from top to bottom, and the upper row of vent holes (4-1) of the inner cylinder in the top row are always located in the airbag (1); when the vehicle body is stationary, the middle row of vent holes (4-2) of the inner cylinder in the middle row and the lower row of vent holes (4-3) of the inner cylinder in the bottom row are located in the piston air chamber (3); The outer cylinder (2) of the automatic control device is provided with an outer cylinder upper row of vent holes (2-1) and an outer cylinder lower row of vent holes (2-2). When the vehicle body is stationary, the upper edges of the inner cylinder middle row of vent holes (4-2) are aligned with the upper edges of the outer cylinder upper row of vent holes (2-1), and the lower edges of the inner cylinder lower row of vent holes (4-3) are aligned with the lower edges of the outer cylinder lower row of vent holes (2-2).

2. A compact stiffness self-controlled air spring according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ventilation holes (4-2) in the middle row of the inner cylinder and the ventilation holes (4-3) in the lower row of the inner cylinder are in the shape of long strips, and the length direction of the long strips is the axial direction of the inner cylinder (4) of the automatic control device.

3. A compact stiffness self-controlled air spring according to claim 1, characterized in that: While ensuring strength, the sum of the cross-sectional areas of all vent holes in the same row should be as large as possible.

4. A compact stiffness self-controlled air spring according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the inner cylinder (4) of the automatic control device is connected upwardly to the air bag top plate (1-1) by a ball joint (6).

5. A compact stiffness self-controlled air spring according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lengths of the vent hole (4-2) in the inner tube and the vent hole (4-3) at the bottom of the inner tube are equal to the suspension travel threshold for improving the riding comfort of the vehicle.

6. A compact stiffness self-controlled air spring according to claim 2, characterized in that: The distance between the upper edge of the vent hole (4-2) in the inner cylinder and the upper edge of the vent hole (4-3) at the bottom of the inner cylinder is greater than the suspension limit stroke.

7. A method for operating a compact stiffness self-controlled air spring according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: When the vehicle body moves upward and away from the wheel, the inner cylinder (4) of the automatic control device moves upward relative to the outer cylinder (2) of the automatic control device. When the lower edge of the middle row of vent holes (4-2) in the inner cylinder is not higher than the upper edge of the upper row of vent holes (2-1) in the outer cylinder, compressed air flows upward from the piston air chamber (3) through the upper row of vent holes (2-1) in the outer cylinder, the middle row of vent holes (4-2) in the inner cylinder, the interior of the inner cylinder (4) of the automatic control device, and the upper row of vent holes (4-1) in the inner cylinder into the air bag (1). The air bag (1), the piston air chamber (3) and the additional air chamber (5) work together to provide a smaller rigidity. When the lower edge of the middle row of vent holes (4-2) in the inner cylinder is higher than the upper edge of the upper row of vent holes (2-1) in the outer cylinder, only the air bag (1) works to provide a larger rigidity.

8. A method for operating a compact stiffness self-controlled air spring according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: When the vehicle body moves downward toward the wheel, the inner cylinder (4) of the automatic control device moves downward relative to the outer cylinder (2) of the automatic control device. When the upper edge of the lower vent holes (4-3) of the inner cylinder is not lower than the lower edge of the lower row of vent holes (2-2) of the outer cylinder, compressed air flows from the airbag (1) through the upper row of vent holes (4-1) of the inner cylinder, the interior of the inner cylinder (4) of the automatic control device, the lower row of vent holes (4-3) of the inner cylinder, and the lower row of vent holes (2-2) of the outer cylinder into the piston air chamber (3). The airbag (1), the piston air chamber (3) and the additional air chamber (5) work together to provide a smaller rigidity. When the upper edge of the lower row of vent holes (4-3) of the inner cylinder is lower than the lower edge of the lower row of vent holes (2-2) of the outer cylinder, only the airbag (1) works to provide a larger rigidity.

Images