An inhalation preparation anti-pollution and cleanable negative pressure drug administration chamber

Abstract

The invention discloses a negative pressure medication chamber for inhalation preparations that is pollution-proof and cleanable, comprising a negative pressure medication chamber, wherein a laminar flow hood and an air supply duct are arranged above the negative pressure medication chamber; an exhaust hole plate is adopted on the floor of the negative pressure medication chamber, and a ground exhaust cavity is arranged below the negative pressure medication chamber; a return air duct is arranged outside the negative pressure medication chamber, one end of the return air duct is connected with the ground exhaust cavity, a filter is embedded in the return air duct, and the other end of the return air duct is connected with an exhaust device; a water spraying device is also arranged in the negative pressure medication chamber for cleaning the negative pressure medication chamber or injecting water at the bottom, and the ground exhaust cavity has a controllable drain port; through this arrangement, not only can the uneven flow direction of the gas when the gas returns to the air duct near the ground, which affects the distribution of the inhalation preparation in the local space, but also the interference of the return air flow direction due to the standing angle of a person can be avoided, thereby ensuring the consistency of the medication process; and targeted and effective cleaning can be performed according to the sedimentation characteristics of the inhalation preparation to prevent pollution.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of pharmaceutical clinical trial drug administration environments, and relates to a negative pressure drug administration chamber, specifically a negative pressure drug administration chamber for preventing contamination and being cleanable of inhalation preparations. Background Art

[0002] When conducting pharmacokinetic or bioequivalence studies on new drugs with an inhalation administration route, it is necessary to administer drugs to a certain number of test subjects. Due to the special administration method of such preparations, after administration, some drugs will remain in the local space in the form of aerogels or small particles in the air; when the next subject enters this space, this part of the residual drug will contaminate the newly inhaled drug, resulting in inaccurate research results. To prevent unvalidated drugs from leaking into the space outside the experimental environment, or to prevent the virus from leaking out when patients carrying pathogens are tested, the test environment should be in a negative pressure state. In addition, the environmental temperature and humidity during drug administration will also affect the absorption of drugs by the nasal mucosa of the subjects. To study the durability of the administration route in different climate environments for the efficacy of drugs, the temperature and humidity in the drug administration chamber need to be relatively accurate.

[0003] CN110433365B discloses a negative pressure drug administration chamber for preventing contamination of inhalation preparations. By installing two groups of laminar flow formation areas in the two side walls of the room, a horizontal laminar flow is formed, and a rotatable drug administration area is arranged between the two groups of laminar flow formation areas. Gas is blown into the room from one side laminar flow formation area and then discharged from the other laminar flow area; a refrigeration device and a heating device are respectively arranged in the two side laminar flow formation areas to facilitate the regulation of the room temperature by cooling or heating the gas. The standing position of the subject can be freely adjusted according to the gas flow direction. The above-mentioned design achieves the purpose of providing a single-direction air flow in the drug administration chamber; at the same time, the matrix blowing structure installed in the two side walls can meet the requirements of different laminar flow speeds and different temperature requirements. However, there are still problems in the use of this design: (1) The spoiler balls in the matrix blowing structure installed in the two side walls have limited effect on the uniformity of the air flow, and there are many small accessories, and it is difficult to add abnormal feedback signals one by one. When a local accessory is abnormal, it has a greater impact on the air flow; (2) The single air flow in the horizontal direction is affected by the standing position of the human body, the placement of equipment, etc., and has a high requirement for the compliance of the subjects. It is difficult to manage when the number of tests is large; (3) The room structure is large, and there are many dead corners on the side elevation of the room, which are difficult to clean. The residual drugs after long-term use will cause cross-contamination.

[0004] CN210872658U discloses a negative-pressure drug administration chamber with vertical air flow. After the air enters the chamber through a high-efficiency filter, it is discharged from the outlet above one side wall. CN219711107U discloses an upper-supply and upper-return negative-pressure air supply method, and its air return opening is located at the rear side of the subject's chair. These two patents propose to use the vertical air flow - side wall air return method as the air change method for the negative-pressure drug administration chamber. Although this method is commonly used in clean rooms, it is not suitable for working environments that are sensitive to air flow disturbance.

[0005] CN214232337U proposes a treatment solution for the drug-containing colloid or fine drug particles retained in the air of the negative-pressure drug administration chamber. It uses the method of circulating water spray to clean the air and at the same time exhausts the air in the same air change cavity through an exhaust fan. This solution replaces the filter filtration method with the water washing method, which reduces the cost of treating the discharged polluted air in the chamber to a certain extent. However, the water washing pipeline and the air return pipe are in the same cavity, and the splashing water is easily sucked back into the exhaust equipment, causing pollution and equipment damage. Moreover, the air return flow is large and it is difficult to clean thoroughly. Using this circulating air in the chamber will cause the air to be turbid and the subjects will have a poor experience. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to improve the existing negative-pressure drug administration chamber according to several specific usage requirements of the current negative-pressure drug administration chamber (negative pressure, enclosure, single-direction air flow to prevent disturbance, controllable temperature and humidity, air return treatment, room cleaning). While ensuring that a pure single-direction air flow can be provided in the negative-pressure drug administration chamber and ensuring the consistency of the drug administration process for the convenience of experiments, it is also possible to facilitate the thorough cleaning of the drug administration chamber and the air return, thereby avoiding short-term and long-term cross-contamination of drugs among experimental personnel.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0008] An inhalation preparation anti-pollution and cleanable negative-pressure drug administration chamber, comprising:

[0009] A negative-pressure drug administration chamber, with a laminar flow hood and a supply air duct communicating with the laminar flow hood provided above the negative-pressure drug administration chamber;

[0010] The floor of the negative-pressure drug administration chamber uses an exhaust hole plate with uniform holes, and a floor exhaust cavity is provided below the negative-pressure drug administration chamber;

[0011] An air return pipe that is airtight and isolated from the negative-pressure drug administration chamber is provided outside the negative-pressure drug administration chamber. One end of the air return pipe is connected to the floor exhaust cavity, a filter is embedded in the air return pipe, and the other end of the air return pipe is connected to an exhaust device for exhausting air to the outside;

[0012] A water spraying device is also provided in the negative pressure medication chamber for cleaning the negative pressure medication chamber or injecting water into the bottom, and the ground exhaust cavity has a controllable drain port;

[0013] Fresh air is delivered into the laminar flow hood through the air supply duct, enters the negative pressure medication chamber after filtering and pressure equalization to form a vertically downward stable laminar flow zone, enters the ground exhaust cavity through the exhaust orifice plate, and then enters the return air duct, and is discharged by the exhaust device after passing through the filter.

[0014] In the above technical solution, further, the negative pressure medication chamber has two different working modes according to the sedimentation characteristics of the inhalation preparation:

[0015] 1) When the inhalation preparation used is not easy to form aerogel or can settle freely, the inhalation preparation remaining in the air is blown to the bottom of the exhaust hole plate by the stable laminar flow vertically downward from the top, and after the administration is completed, the water spraying device is turned on for cleaning, and the drugs remaining in the exhaust hole plate and the ground exhaust cavity are cleaned and processed;

[0016] 2) When the inhalation preparation used is not easy to settle or is easily lifted up by air flow fluctuations, the water spraying device should be turned on before administration to inject water under the exhaust hole plate to allow the ground exhaust cavity to accumulate water. The inhalation preparation remaining in the air will be brought under the exhaust hole plate by the stable laminar flow vertically downward from the top, and will come into contact with the water surface in the ground exhaust cavity, where it will be adsorbed on the water surface and no longer lifted up, thereby improving the efficiency of the return air purification treatment and reducing the contamination of subsequent administration by the inhalation preparation.

[0017] Furthermore, the laminar flow hood includes a polyester membrane, a plate-type medium-efficiency filter layer, a sub-high-efficiency filter layer or a high-efficiency filter layer, and a polyester membrane pressure-equalizing layer, which are arranged in sequence from top to bottom.

[0018] Furthermore, the bottom surface of the ground exhaust cavity is a waterproof slope with an inclined angle, and the lowest end of the slope is the connection end with the return air duct, and the controllable drain outlet is arranged at the lowest point of the slope.

[0019] Furthermore, the filter is located at least 20 centimeters higher than the exhaust hole plate.

[0020] Furthermore, the filter is a pull-out, easily replaceable filter box embedded in the return air duct. When embedded in place, the return air duct is in a sealed state. A pressure sensor is provided in the return air duct to monitor the sealing effect of the pull-out, easily replaceable filter box.

[0021] Furthermore, a buffer chamber is provided outside the negative pressure medication chamber, and the air pressure in the buffer chamber is higher than the negative pressure medication chamber and lower than the atmospheric pressure.

[0022] Further, a water level detector is provided between the ground exhaust cavity and the exhaust hole plate.

[0023] Further, one end of the air supply duct away from the laminar flow hood is sequentially connected with an air supply air conditioner and a polyester isolation hood, and one end of the exhaust device away from the return air duct is connected with a check valve.

[0024] Further, the negative pressure drug administration chamber is a door that opens from the inside to the outside or a sliding sealed door.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0026] (1) By arranging an exhaust hole plate on the ground, it is realized that the laminar flow inside the drug administration chamber still has a vertical direction near the ground, so that the air flow in the room is not affected by the movement of the subject or the placement of other devices, which can ensure the consistency of the drug administration process and improve the compliance of the subject for negative pressure drug administration of inhalation preparations and the durability of the experiment;

[0027] (2) By arranging a ground exhaust cavity under the exhaust hole plate, the water storage function can be realized. Especially when the bottom surface is set as a waterproof inclined surface, the contact area between the gas carrying the drug and water can be further increased, and the effect of washing away the residual drug by water can be realized at the moment of air flow contact, avoiding cross-contamination caused by the secondary lifting of the drug residue to the room dead corner by the air flow; the drug residue in the air can also be removed to the greatest extent, reducing the filtration pressure of the filter and the drug residue in the return air duct;

[0028] (3) By arranging the exhaust hole plate and the ground exhaust cavity below, the indoor water washing function can be realized. The side wall of the room and the ground hole plate can be easily washed through the indoor water spraying device. The cleaning process is convenient, and the drug residue in the room is minimized to the greatest extent, and the stability during long-term use is good; the water spraying device can be manually controlled or controlled by an electronic valve, and can be handheld and moved or sprayed at multiple fixed points, and the drainage operation is convenient; further, the waterproof inclined surface design of the ground exhaust cavity can quickly drain the water and avoid residue;

[0029] (4) By arranging a filter, especially a pull-out and easy-to-replace filter cartridge, in the return air duct, the return air (tail gas) treatment device can be conveniently monitored and replaced according to the experimental requirements, ensuring that the untested drug does not leak into the experimental external space, which is conducive to environmental protection requirements. Description of the Drawings

[0030] Figure 1 It is the front view of the single-body negative pressure drug administration chamber.

[0031] Figure 2 It is the side top view of the single-body negative pressure drug administration chamber.

[0032] Figure 3 It is the layout diagram of the room containing two negative pressure drug administration chambers.

[0033] Figure 4 It is a layout diagram of a room containing three negative-pressure drug delivery chambers.

[0034] Reference numerals in the figure: 1 - Sealed window; 2 - Airtight door; 3 - Return air duct; 4 - Easily replaceable filter box; 5 - Exhaust orifice plate; 6 - Metal column; 7 - Controllable drain; 8 - PLC controller and display screen; 9 - Door interlock display; 10 - Exterior wall; 11 - Waterproof slope; 12 - Supply air conditioner; 13 - Supply air duct; 14 - Laminar flow hood; 15 - Polyester film; 16 - Plate medium-efficiency filter layer; 17 - Sub-high-efficiency filter layer or high-efficiency filter layer; 18 - Polyester film equalizing layer; 19 - Check valve; 20 - Exhaust device; 21 - Polyester isolation hood; 22 - Indoor light strip; 23 - Schematic of gas flow direction; 24 - Schematic of the subject and equipment; 25 - Spraying water device; 26 - Transfer window. Specific embodiments

[0035] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments. The specific embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are used to explain the technical solutions of the present invention, but not to limit the present invention. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0036] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the anti-pollution and cleanable negative pressure drug delivery chamber (which can also be referred to as a negative pressure drug delivery bin) of the present invention mainly includes a negative pressure drug delivery chamber. Above the negative pressure drug delivery chamber, there is a laminar flow hood 14 and an air supply duct 13 connected to the laminar flow hood 14; the floor of the negative pressure drug delivery chamber uses an exhaust hole plate 5 with uniform holes, and a floor exhaust cavity is provided below the negative pressure drug delivery chamber; outside the negative pressure drug delivery chamber, there is a return air duct 3 that is hermetically isolated from the negative pressure drug delivery chamber. One end of the return air duct 3 is connected to the floor exhaust cavity, and a filter is embedded in the return air duct. The other end of the return air duct is connected to an exhaust device 20 for exhausting air to the outside; in the negative pressure drug delivery chamber, there is also a spraying water device 25 for cleaning the negative pressure drug delivery chamber or injecting water at the bottom, and the floor exhaust cavity has a controllable drain port 7; through this setting, not only can the stability and anti-interference ability of the vertical air flow be effectively guaranteed, ensuring experimental consistency, but also targeted and effective cleaning can be carried out according to the sedimentation characteristics of the inhalation preparation to prevent pollution: when the experimental inhalation preparation is not easily formed into an aerogel and can freely settle, the gas flowing vertically downward from the top blows the residual preparation in the air towards below the exhaust hole plate. After the experiment, through water cleaning, the residual drugs on the exhaust hole plate and in the floor exhaust cavity are cleaned and processed; when the experimental inhalation preparation is light and easily lifted by air flow fluctuations, water is injected below the exhaust hole plate before the experiment to make the floor exhaust cavity store water. The residual preparation in the air is brought into the large-area water surface below the hole plate by the air flow, adsorbed on the water surface, and no longer lifted. While improving the efficiency of the return air cleaning process, it can effectively reduce the pollution of the drug in the air to the next subject.

[0037] In some embodiments of the present invention, the laminar flow hood 14 includes a polyester film 15, a plate medium efficiency filter layer 16, a sub-high efficiency filter layer or a high efficiency filter layer 17, and a polyester film equalizing layer 18, which are arranged in sequence from top to bottom. Above the negative pressure drug administration chamber, gas (fresh air) is sent into the laminar flow hood through the air supply duct 3 of the air purification system. After preliminary filtration by the polyester film, it passes through the plate medium efficiency filter layer, (sub-) high efficiency filter layer, and polyester film equalizing layer in the laminar flow hood, and then blows into the negative pressure drug administration chamber to form a uniform laminar flow area from top to bottom. Among them, the gas is initially filtered by the polyester isolation hood 21 at the outer end of the air supply duct to remove large particle dust, sand, wool flocs and other contaminants in the air, and isolate them outside the air supply air conditioner 12; after passing through the polyester film 15, the gas is further filtered by the plate medium efficiency filter layer and the sub-high efficiency filter layer (or high efficiency filter layer) twice to obtain clean air with controllable particle size in the gas; after passing through the polyester film equalizing layer, the air velocity of the clean air is further reduced. Due to the setting of the exhaust orifice plate 5 and the ground exhaust cavity, the gas flow direction is vertical and evenly expanded, and forms a laminar flow area downward; this design can especially make the gas flow still in the vertical direction near the ground, without being interfered by the movement of personnel and the placement position of equipment, so that the consistency of the subjects tested at any position in the room is good, improving the compliance of the subjects and the durability of the experimental method.

[0038] In some embodiments of the present invention, the bottom surface of the ground exhaust cavity is a waterproof inclined surface 11 with an inclined angle, and the lowest end of the inclined surface is the connection end with the return air duct 3, and the controllable drain port 7 is arranged at the lowest part of the inclined surface.

[0039] In some embodiments of the present invention, the filter is at least 20 cm higher than the exhaust orifice plate.

[0040] In some embodiments of the present invention, the filter is a pull-out and easy-to-replace filter cartridge 4 embedded in the return air duct, and filter materials are placed inside. When it is embedded in place, the return air duct is in a sealed state, and a pressure sensor is arranged in the return air duct to monitor the sealing effect at the pull-out and easy-to-replace filter cartridge. The setting of the filter can effectively adsorb moisture and other pollutants in the return air, ensure that the exhaust air reaches acceptable indicators, and reduce environmental pollution.

[0041] In some embodiments of the present invention, the negative pressure drug administration chamber can be a single unit type, or multiple negative pressure drug administration chambers can be arranged adjacent to each other and share part of the space. A buffer chamber can be arranged outside the negative pressure drug administration chamber, and the air pressure in the buffer chamber is higher than that in the negative pressure drug administration chamber and lower than the atmospheric pressure.

[0042] In some embodiments of the present invention, all controls can be manual controls or centralized automatic controls. A PLC controller and a display screen 8 can be set.

[0043] In some embodiments of the present invention, a colored indoor light strip 22 is provided in the negative pressure drug administration chamber, which is used to indicate behaviors such as the subject waiting, receiving drug administration, and the end of drug administration. Voice prompts can be synchronized to provide convenience for hearing-impaired subjects.

[0044] In some embodiments of the present invention, a PLC control panel is provided on the outer wall of the negative pressure drug administration chamber, which is used to control the opening of the room, or the linkage between the doors of the negative pressure drug administration chamber and the buffer chamber, the indoor temperature, the indoor humidity, and the color of the indoor light strip;

[0045] In some embodiments of the present invention, a sealed window can be provided beside the door of the negative pressure drug administration chamber, which is used to explain the test operation to the subject and observe the experimental process; monitoring facilities can also be installed inside the room and observed in real time on the monitor of the PLC.

[0046] In some embodiments of the present invention, the temperature and humidity control of the negative pressure drug administration chamber is realized by the air conditioner at the air supply end for heating, cooling, humidifying, and dehumidifying.

[0047] In some embodiments of the present invention, gas flow meters can be provided at the air supply air conditioner and the exhaust device to provide feedback on the airtightness of the exhaust passage.

[0048] In some embodiments of the present invention, the exhaust hole plate on the waterproof slope is made of stainless steel, and the exhaust hole plate is placed horizontally; the exhaust hole plate and the waterproof slope are connected and fixed by a metal material.

[0049] In some embodiments of the present invention, the exhaust hole plate is connected to the slope by a metal column 6; or is connected by a partition parallel to the flow direction of the gas under the exhaust hole plate.

[0050] In some embodiments of the present invention, a transfer window 26 can be provided on the side wall of the negative pressure drug administration chamber for the incoming and outgoing of special items or drugs. Further, a glove box is embedded in the transfer window.

[0051] Example 1

[0052] As Figure 1 、 Figure 2 shown, it is a schematic diagram of a single negative pressure drug administration chamber.

[0053] The outside of the single-body negative-pressure drug delivery chamber is a buffer room. The negative-pressure drug delivery chamber mainly includes an airtight window 1 (for observing the interior of the room), an airtight door 2 (manually pulled open from the inside to the outside, equipped with a door interlock display. When the outer door of the buffer room is opened, this door closes), a return air duct 3, an easily replaceable filter box 4 embedded in the return air duct (which can be filled with activated carbon or filtering materials), a drain valve 7 connecting to the drainage point, and an outer facade wall 10 (made of stainless steel, brick wall or clean board material), which serves as a partition. The PLC controller and display screen are embedded in the outer facade wall for regulating the indoor temperature, humidity, linkage of the light strip - drug delivery system, drainage, and monitoring the indoor air pressure, air flow, and air pressure in the air duct. Indoor air is inhaled from the outside by the supply air conditioner 12, filtered by the polyester isolation cover 21 to remove sand, fluff, dust, etc. in the air, then discharged through the supply air duct 13, and deeply filtered through the polyester film 15 in the laminar flow hood 14, the plate medium-efficiency filter layer 16 in the laminar flow hood, and the plate sub-high-efficiency filter layer 17 in the laminar flow hood to remove particles and bacteria in the air. Finally, it is decompressed and evenly discharged into the negative-pressure chamber through the polyester film pressure equalization layer 18, forming a vertically downward air flow. The air flow direction in the room is as shown by the arrow 23 in Figure 2 Figure 23. The air flow blows from top to bottom into the cavity (i.e., the ground exhaust cavity) below the exhaust hole plate 5 on the ground, and flows along the waterproof inclined surface 11 in the ground exhaust cavity to the air return opening at the lower end of the return air duct 3, then passes through the pull-out and easily replaceable filter box 4 to remove moisture, odor, and possibly residual drugs in the air, and is discharged to a suitable position through the exhaust device 20. There is a check valve 19 at the end of the exhaust device to prevent external gas from entering the negative-pressure drug delivery chamber system and ensure the maintenance of the indoor negative pressure.

[0054] Before drug administration, after being guided and adapted in the buffer room, the subject opens the door and enters the room. The indicator light in the room shows yellow (ready). At this time, the subject moves to the designated position; when the room pressure is normal, the air flow is stable, and the subject is ready, the drug delivery device is turned on, and the room indicator light turns red (in progress, do not move); after the test is over, the room indicator light turns green, and the subject can move freely in the room or leave the room.

[0055] During drug administration, in the negative-pressure drug delivery chamber, air vertically blows out from the uniform exhaust hole plate on the ground of the negative-pressure drug delivery chamber to the ground exhaust cavity. This design enables the air flow to still be in the vertical direction near the ground, without being disturbed by the movement of personnel and the placement position of equipment, resulting in good consistency for subjects to be tested at any position in the room, improving the compliance of subjects and the durability of the experimental method.

[0056] The side wall of the negative pressure medication room is connected to a water pipe (purified water or tap water can be selected as required), and the end of the pipe is a portable water spraying device, which is used to thoroughly clean the negative pressure medication room and fill the bottom with water. When the experimental inhalation preparation is not easy to form aerogel and can settle freely, the gas vertically downward from the top blows the remaining preparation in the air to the bottom of the exhaust orifice plate. After the experiment, the residual drugs on the exhaust orifice plate and the bottom inclined surface are cleaned and processed by water washing. When the experimental inhalation preparation is light and easily lifted by air flow fluctuations, water is injected under the bottom exhaust orifice plate before the experiment, and the valve at the controllable drain port 7 is closed. The residual preparation in the air is brought into the large area of ​​water surface under the exhaust orifice plate by the airflow, adsorbed on the water surface, and no longer lifted. While improving the efficiency of the return air purification treatment, it can reduce the contamination of the drugs in the air to the next subject. The lower part of the waterproof slope in the exhaust cavity on the floor of the negative pressure medication room is connected to the return air duct, and the lowest part of the slope is connected to a controllable drain (discharging water to, for example, a laboratory sewage drain or a collection bucket) for discharging sewage generated by room cleaning. This valve is integrated into the PLC for control. A water level detector is set on the metal column 6 under the exhaust orifice plate. When the water level exceeds 5 cm below the exhaust orifice plate, the switch of the indoor water point, i.e., the water spraying device 25, is automatically closed, and a warning icon is displayed on the PLC.

[0057] The easily replaceable filter box 4 is provided on the return air duct, and activated carbon is placed inside to absorb moisture and other pollutants in the return air, ensuring that the exhaust air reaches acceptable indicators and reduces pollution to the surrounding environment. The height of the filter box is at least 20 cm higher than the height of the exhaust hole plate on the ground, which is convenient for pulling out and replacing the filter material; it is sealed when closed, and a pressure sensor is provided in the air duct to monitor the sealing effect here.

[0058] Example 2

[0059] On the basis of Example 1, the air supply air conditioner 12 is a large air volume and low noise fan, and the air outlet wind speed is 3-5 m / s. The plate-type medium efficiency filter layer 16 filter in the laminar flow hood 14 has a filtration effect of ≥0.5 μm of 99.99%. The facade wall 10 is made of 304 stainless steel; the exhaust orifice plate 5 is made of stainless steel. The room lighting is 300 lux fluorescent lamps, and the ceiling is equipped with yellow light lamps, ultraviolet lamps, and fluorescent lamps.

[0060] Example 3

[0061] On the basis of embodiment 1, a transfer window 26 is embedded on one side of the wall, and a glove box can be set in the transfer window 26 to facilitate the transfer of special items or drugs. The transfer window can be on the lower side, side, or other wall of the negative pressure room of the sealing window.

[0062] Example 4

[0063] like Figure 3As shown, it is a plan view of a negative-pressure drug delivery room containing two monomer negative-pressure drug delivery chambers. As shown in the figure, when two rooms for negative-pressure drug delivery are required, the two rooms share a buffer room, an exhaust system, a PLC control panel, and a drainage system; each room independently uses a supply air system to regulate the pressure difference between the indoor and outdoor environments. The two rooms are interlocked and mutually exclusive with the outer door of the buffer room to ensure the stability of the pressure inside the negative-pressure drug delivery room.

[0064] Example 5

[0065] On the basis of Example 3, the pressure inside the negative-pressure drug delivery room is -20 Pa, and the pressure outside the negative-pressure drug delivery room is -5 Pa.

[0066] Example 6

[0067] As Figure 4 As shown, it is a plan view of a negative-pressure drug delivery room containing three monomer negative-pressure drug delivery chambers. As shown in the figure, when three rooms for negative-pressure drug delivery are required, the three rooms share a buffer room and a shared PLC control system; two adjacent rooms share an exhaust system and a drainage system; each room independently uses a supply air system to regulate the pressure difference between the indoor and outdoor environments. The three rooms are interlocked and mutually exclusive with the outer door of the buffer room to ensure the stability of the pressure inside the negative-pressure drug delivery room. For rooms with narrow aisles, a horizontal airtight door design is adopted to maximize space savings and ensure the relative spatial layout of the three rooms is consistent.

[0068] Only some exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been described by way of illustration above. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the described embodiments can be modified and recombined in various different ways. Therefore, the above drawings and descriptions are illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A contamination-proof and cleanable negative pressure drug delivery chamber for inhalation preparations, characterized in that: include: A negative pressure medication room, above which a laminar flow hood and an air supply duct connected to the laminar flow hood are provided; The floor of the negative pressure medication room adopts an exhaust plate with uniform holes, and a floor exhaust cavity is provided under the negative pressure medication room; A return air duct is provided outside the negative pressure medication room and is airtightly isolated from the negative pressure medication room. One end of the return air duct is connected to the ground exhaust cavity. A filter is embedded in the return air duct. The other end of the return air duct is connected to an exhaust device for exhausting air to the outside. A water spraying device is also provided in the negative pressure medication chamber for cleaning the negative pressure medication chamber or injecting water into the bottom, and the ground exhaust cavity has a controllable drain port; Fresh air is delivered into the laminar flow hood through the air supply duct, enters the negative pressure medication chamber after filtering and pressure equalization to form a vertically downward stable laminar flow zone, enters the ground exhaust cavity through the exhaust orifice plate, and then enters the return air duct, and is discharged by the exhaust device after passing through the filter.

2. The anti-pollution and cleanable negative pressure drug delivery chamber for inhalation preparations according to claim 1, characterized in that: The negative pressure drug delivery chamber has two different working modes according to the sedimentation characteristics of the inhalation preparation: 1) When the inhalation preparation used is not easy to form aerogel or can settle freely, the inhalation preparation remaining in the air is blown to the bottom of the exhaust hole plate by the stable laminar flow vertically downward from the top, and after the administration is completed, the water spraying device is turned on for cleaning, and the drugs remaining in the exhaust hole plate and the ground exhaust cavity are cleaned and processed; 2) When the inhalation preparation used is not easy to settle or is easily lifted up by air flow fluctuations, the water spraying device should be turned on before administration to inject water under the exhaust hole plate to allow the ground exhaust cavity to accumulate water. The inhalation preparation remaining in the air will be brought under the exhaust hole plate by the stable laminar flow vertically downward from the top, and will come into contact with the water surface in the ground exhaust cavity, where it will be adsorbed on the water surface and no longer lifted up, thereby improving the efficiency of the return air purification treatment and reducing the contamination of subsequent administration by the inhalation preparation.

3. The anti-pollution and cleanable negative pressure drug delivery chamber for inhalation preparations according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laminar flow hood comprises a polyester membrane, a plate-type medium-efficiency filter layer, a sub-high-efficiency filter layer or a high-efficiency filter layer, and a polyester membrane pressure-equalizing layer which are arranged in sequence from top to bottom.

4. The anti-pollution and cleanable negative pressure drug delivery chamber for inhalation preparations according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the ground exhaust cavity is a waterproof slope with an inclined angle, and the lowest end of the slope is the end connected to the return air duct, and the controllable drain port is arranged at the lowest point of the slope.

5. The anti-pollution and cleanable negative pressure drug delivery chamber for inhalation preparations according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter is located at least 20 centimeters higher than the exhaust hole plate.

6. The anti-pollution and cleanable negative pressure drug delivery chamber for inhalation preparations according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter is a pull-out, easily replaceable filter box embedded in the return air duct. When embedded in place, the return air duct is in a sealed state. A pressure sensor is provided in the return air duct to monitor the sealing effect of the pull-out, easily replaceable filter box.

7. The anti-pollution and cleanable negative pressure drug delivery chamber for inhalation preparations according to claim 1, characterized in that: A buffer chamber is arranged outside the negative pressure medication chamber, and the air pressure in the buffer chamber is higher than that of the negative pressure medication chamber and lower than the atmospheric pressure.

8. The anti-pollution and cleanable negative pressure drug delivery chamber for inhalation preparations according to claim 1, characterized in that: A water level detector is provided between the ground exhaust cavity and the exhaust hole plate.

9. The anti-pollution and cleanable negative pressure drug delivery chamber for inhalation preparations according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the air supply duct away from the laminar flow hood is connected with an air supply air conditioner and a polyester isolation hood in sequence, and one end of the exhaust device away from the return air duct is connected with a check valve.

10. The anti-pollution and cleanable negative pressure drug delivery chamber for inhalation preparations according to claim 1, characterized in that: The negative pressure medication room is a door that opens from the inside to the outside or a sliding closed door.

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