High-sensitivity vibration velocity type vector hydrophone

Abstract

The invention provides a high-sensitivity vibration velocity type vector hydrophone, and belongs to the field of hydrophones. Aiming at the problem that a traditional vector hydrophone is low in low-frequency sensitivity, underwater acoustic vibration is obtained through a metal shell, the structure that a cantilever beam integrated with the metal shell is connected with a speed type sensor is adopted, and an obtained underwater acoustic signal is amplified and then transmitted to the speed type sensor, so that the sensitivity of the vector hydrophone, especially the low-frequency band, is improved. The vector hydrophone mainly comprises a metal shell, a cantilever beam structure, a speed type sensor, a sound pressure hydrophone, an elastic supporting element, a vibration monitoring sensor, potting oil, a sound transmission packaging shell, a watertight connector and a mounting flange. The vector hydrophone monitors the influence of external vibration of the mounting base and the like on acoustic vector signal measurement through a vibration sensor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of underwater acoustic detection, and in particular to a velocity-type vector hydrophone, in particular to a two-dimensional vector hydrophone with high low-frequency sensitivity. Background Art

[0002] With the development of underwater target detection technology, vector hydrophones, as an important branch of underwater acoustic detection equipment, are becoming more and more sensitive and have wider measurement bands. Traditional vector hydrophones mainly use packaged vibration sensors to sense the vibrations transmitted by underwater targets, and convert their particle accelerations into electrical signals, which are then transmitted after primary amplification. Existing vector hydrophones generally have problems such as low sensitivity, narrow frequency response range, and high background noise caused by the amplification circuit. In particular, the sensitivity is low in the low-frequency band, which is of great significance in practical applications. At the same time, the measurement results in this band have a low signal-to-noise ratio and poor anti-interference ability, resulting in the inability to obtain useful information.

[0003] The relationship between the velocity sensitivity and acceleration sensitivity of the vector hydrophone is: the velocity sensitivity does not decrease with the decrease of frequency, while the acceleration sensitivity decreases with the decrease of frequency. Therefore, the vector hydrophone that can directly measure the particle velocity has obvious advantages in the low frequency band.

[0004] Traditional vector hydrophones are suspended on a rigid frame by metal springs or rubber ropes. In engineering applications, spring or rubber rope suspension brings great inconvenience to users. On the one hand, it is difficult to ensure the consistency of the suspension elements. On the other hand, repeated suspension can easily cause fatigue failure of elastic elements, which will affect the performance of the hydrophone. In the traditional suspension method, when the hydrophone cable is impacted by water flow during testing, it will drive the hydrophone to move at the same time, which will also affect the performance of the hydrophone.

[0005] Therefore, from the perspective of practical application, a new type of vector hydrophone is needed that can improve the sensitivity, especially the sensitivity in the low frequency band, without relying on the primary amplification circuit, while maintaining low background noise and simple installation structure. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a two-dimensional vector hydrophone with high low-frequency sensitivity. The hydrophone obtains water acoustic vibration through a metal shell, adopts a structure in which a cantilever beam integrated with the metal shell is connected to a velocity sensor, amplifies the obtained water acoustic signal and transmits it to the velocity sensor, thereby improving the sensitivity of the vector hydrophone, especially in the low-frequency band.

[0007] The vector hydrophone mainly includes a metal shell and cantilever beam structure, a velocity sensor, a sound pressure hydrophone, an elastic support element, a vibration monitoring sensor, potting oil, a sound-transparent packaging shell, a watertight connector and a mounting flange.

[0008] The metal shell can obtain an underwater acoustic vibration signal, and the cantilever beam integrated with the metal shell can amplify the vibration signal and transmit it to the speed sensor. The metal shell is an upper and lower combined structure and can encapsulate the internal structure.

[0009] The velocity sensor may be a moving coil sensor for acquiring a vector velocity signal of a hydrophone.

[0010] The acoustic pressure hydrophone may be made of piezoelectric ceramics to obtain a scalar acoustic pressure signal of the hydrophone.

[0011] The elastic supporting element is used to support the metal shell and fix it in the sound-transmitting packaging shell. At the same time, the elastic supporting element has a vibration isolation function.

[0012] The vibration monitoring sensor may be a three-dimensional vibration acceleration sensor, which is used to monitor the vibration interference of the mounting base on the vector hydrophone.

[0013] The potting oil is used to fill the internal space of the packaging shell to maintain the internal and external pressure balance.

[0014] The sound-transmitting packaging shell is made of a sound-transmitting material and a high-strength non-metallic material, and is used to package the vector hydrophone as a whole and serve as a hydrophone deflector.

[0015] The watertight connector is used to transmit vector hydrophone signals.

[0016] The mounting flange can be made of metal material or high-strength non-metal material, and is used for mounting and connecting the vector hydrophone system with the base.

[0017] In the above technical solution, preferably, the metal material is 316L stainless steel, aluminum alloy, etc.

[0018] In the above technical solution, preferably, the non-metallic material is ABS, PEEK, PC, PA, etc.

[0019] In the above technical solution, preferably, the rubber elastic material is chloroprene rubber, nitrile rubber, etc.

[0020] In the above technical solution, preferably, the potting oil is dimethyl silicone oil.

[0021] In the above technical solution, preferably, the sound-transmitting material is polyether polyurethane. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention, Figure 2 It is a top view of the metal shell and cantilever beam structure.

[0023] In the figure: 1 is a metal shell and cantilever beam structure; 2 is a velocity sensor; 3 is an acoustic pressure hydrophone; 4 is an elastic support element; 5 is a vibration monitoring sensor; 6 is potting oil; 7 is a sound-transparent packaging shell; 8 is a watertight connector; and 9 is a mounting flange. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] According to the technical solution of the present invention, without changing the essential spirit of the present invention, those skilled in the art can change or replace a variety of structural modes and implementation modes. Therefore, the following specific implementation modes and drawings are only exemplary descriptions of the technical solution of the present invention, and should not be regarded as the whole of the present invention or as a limitation or restriction to the technical solution of the present invention.

[0025] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the velocity sensor 2 is fixedly mounted on the four ends of the cantilever beam 1, the acoustic pressure hydrophone is fixedly mounted on the outside of the metal shell 1, the signal wires of the velocity sensor 2 and the acoustic pressure hydrophone 3 are led out and connected to the watertight connector 8, and the upper and lower hemispheres of the metal shell 1 are sealed. After the bottom of the metal shell 1 is fixedly connected to the elastic support element 4, the elastic support element 4 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sound-transmitting encapsulation shell 7. After the vibration monitoring sensor 5 is connected to the watertight connector 8, the two are fixed to the bottom of the sound-transmitting encapsulation shell 7 respectively. After the hemispherical shell of the sound-transmitting encapsulation shell 7 is sealed to the bottom, the potting oil 6 is injected into it. The vector hydrophone is fixed to the mounting base using the mounting flange 9.

[0026] The velocity sensor 2 obtains the water acoustic velocity vector signal through the metal shell and the cantilever beam 1, and the sound pressure hydrophone 3 directly obtains the sound pressure scalar signal to realize the function of the vector hydrophone. The vibration monitoring sensor 5 can be used to analyze the influence of external vibrations such as the installation base during the hydrophone measurement process.

[0027] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0028] 1. The present invention provides a high-sensitivity vector hydrophone for low-frequency underwater acoustic detection.

[0029] 2. The present invention provides a rigidly fixed vector hydrophone system, which can solve the testing inconvenience brought to the vector hydrophone by traditional suspension.

[0030] The high-sensitivity vibration-velocity two-dimensional vector hydrophone of the present invention can be widely used in the fields of underwater target detection, ocean monitoring, etc., and has high practical value.

Claims

1. A two-dimensional vector hydrophone with high low-frequency sensitivity, which obtains water acoustic vibrations through a metal shell supported by an elastic element, adopts a structure in which a cantilever beam integrated with the metal shell is connected to a velocity sensor, amplifies the obtained water acoustic signal and transmits it to the velocity sensor, thereby improving the sensitivity of the vector hydrophone, especially in the low-frequency band.

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