Comprehensive monitoring system based on ocean observation buoy

Abstract

The invention relates to a comprehensive monitoring system based on a marine observation buoy, and relates to the technical field of marine environment monitoring, the comprehensive monitoring system comprises a buoy body, a sensor module, a power supply module, an information acquisition and transmission module and a safety protection mechanism, the sensor module, the power supply module and the information acquisition and transmission module are arranged in an inner cavity of the buoy body; the carbon fiber composite material and the titanium alloy are adopted, the corrosion resistance is improved by 10 times, the bionic antifouling coating and the sharkskin microstructure are combined, 90% of biological attachment is reduced, the buoy body is reset, and the situation that due to unreasonable design of the gravity center of the buoy or insufficient strength of an anchor chain system, the buoy is prone to displacement due to sea waves, and the service life of the buoy is prolonged is avoided. The power supply module is composed of a lithium metal storage battery, a disc type magnetic suspension generator, a superlattice thermoelectric module and a wave energy power generation device, power can be effectively supplied to electronic elements used by the buoy body for a long time in a hybrid power supply mode, and the buoy body can work for a long time through long-time endurance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of marine environmental monitoring, and in particular, to an integrated monitoring system based on a marine observation buoy. Background Art

[0002] A marine buoy is an automatic marine hydrological, water quality, and meteorological device mainly composed of an observation buoy anchored at sea. It can collect the required water quality and other data for research, offshore oil (gas) development, port construction, and national defense construction according to specified requirements for a long time and continuously. In particular, it can collect data that is difficult to collect and data on sea conditions. Among them, marine environmental monitoring plays a role in marine ecological environmental protection and the monitoring of marine environmental elements. The main monitoring items include: observations of water depth, water temperature, salinity, ocean current, wave, water color, transparency, sea ice, sea glow, etc. Usually, a marine buoy is used to monitor the marine environment. In the prior art, for the related technology of marine environmental monitoring, reference can be made to a Chinese patent with the application number CN202411761037.6, which discloses a comprehensive marine current monitoring system based on a marine observation buoy, including a buoy main body module, a net buoyancy adjustment module, a motion state prediction module, a buoy deviation evaluation module, a buoy motion optimization module, and a data transmission module. Among them, the modules are electrically connected to each other; the buoy main body module is equipped with various sensors to collect marine environmental physical parameters. Through the collaborative work of the motion state prediction module and the buoy motion optimization module, the system can predict and adjust the motion state of the buoy to reduce the data acquisition error caused by environmental changes, thereby improving the accuracy of the data, providing a solid data foundation for marine scientific research, and through the motion state evaluation module, the abnormal motion state of the buoy can be detected in time, and the state of the buoy can be quickly adjusted through the motion optimization module to ensure the continuity and accuracy of the data. It solves the problem that the net buoyancy of the buoy will change with the change of the diving depth, which in turn affects the hovering performance and depth control accuracy of the buoy. For the problem of net buoyancy change, how to analyze the diving depth and net buoyancy of the buoy, predict the motion state of the buoy, and optimize and adjust the control parameters to reduce the influence of the change of the buoy's net buoyancy on the depth control accuracy.

[0003] The inventor found the following problems in the prior art during the implementation of this application: In the prior art, in order to ensure the continuous operation of the equipment, the buoy generally uses a hybrid power supply method. Usually, the buoy uses a combination of solar photovoltaic panels and storage batteries for power supply. Due to the unpredictable sea weather, the combined power supply of solar photovoltaic panels and storage batteries is unstable. Therefore, there are certain limitations in the endurance, and external power supply is required. In addition, traditional buoys mostly use ordinary steel or plastic, which are prone to electrochemical corrosion or ultraviolet aging when exposed to seawater and salt spray environments for a long time, resulting in a decrease in structural strength. Moreover, due to the unreasonable design of the buoy's center of gravity or the insufficient strength of the anchor chain system, the buoy is prone to displacement due to waves. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide an integrated monitoring system based on an ocean observation buoy.

[0005] The integrated monitoring system based on an ocean observation buoy provided by this application adopts the following technical solutions: An integrated monitoring system based on an ocean observation buoy includes a buoy body, a sensor module, a power supply module, an information acquisition and transmission module, and a safety protection mechanism. The inner cavity of the buoy body is provided with a sensor module, a power supply module, and an information acquisition and transmission module. The buoy body includes an upper cover body and a lower cover body. A floating body is arranged between the upper cover body and the lower cover body. The upper cover body, the lower cover body, and the floating body are connected by a metal matrix composite plate. The upper cover body, the lower cover body, and the floating body are all made of titanium alloy. And a bionic anti-fouling coating is provided on the outer diameter surfaces of the lower cover body and the floating body. A metal matrix composite skeleton is installed on the inner surface of the lower cover body. A ceramic matrix composite support column is installed at the center of the inner side of the lower cover body. An installation block is provided at the center of the bottom end surface of the lower cover body. A safety protection mechanism is arranged between the two metal matrix composite plates. The safety protection mechanism includes a servo motor and a winding roller. The servo motor is installed between the two metal matrix composite plates. And the output end of the servo motor is provided with a winding roller. And the winding roller is fixed by a support plate. The traction rope wound around the outer diameter surface of the winding roller passes through the metal matrix composite plate, the limiting mechanism, and the installation block and is connected to a rotary connection ring. And a sealing ring is provided on the contact surface between the traction rope and the installation block. The traction rope is connected to a grab anchor through a counterweight block.

[0006] By adopting the above technical solutions, the buoy body is composed of an upper cover body, a lower cover body, a floating body, a metal matrix composite plate, a bionic anti-fouling coating, a metal matrix composite skeleton, and a ceramic matrix composite support column, which ensures the stability of the buoy body. Among them, carbon fiber composite materials and titanium alloy are used, which increases the corrosion resistance by 10 times. And combined with the bionic anti-fouling coating, the shark skin microstructure, it reduces 90% of biological adhesion, thereby ensuring the service life of the buoy body. At the same time, the safety protection mechanism is composed of a servo motor, a winding roller, a support plate, a traction rope, a limiting mechanism, a housing, a sliding rod, a rubber plate, a magnetic plate, an electromagnet, a return spring, a rotary connection ring, a sealing ring, a counterweight block, and a grab anchor. When the buoy body is displaced, the servo motor is started to drive the winding roller to rotate, and then the traction rope is wound up, so that the traction rope pulls the rotary connection ring, the counterweight block, and the grab anchor, thereby resetting the buoy body, avoiding the buoy being easily displaced by waves due to unreasonable buoy center design or insufficient strength of the anchor chain system.

[0007] The power supply module includes a lithium metal storage battery and a disk-type magnetic levitation generator. There are six groups of the lithium metal storage batteries, and the six groups of lithium metal storage batteries are arranged evenly around the metal matrix composite framework. A disk-type magnetic levitation generator is installed above the lithium metal storage battery. A superlattice thermoelectric module is arranged on the inner side of the upper cover body. A wave energy power generation device is arranged at the edge of the floating body.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, the power supply module is composed of a lithium metal storage battery, a disk-type magnetic levitation generator, a superlattice thermoelectric module and a wave energy power generation device. Through the hybrid power supply method, it can effectively and continuously supply power to the electronic components used by the buoy body. Through long-term endurance, the buoy body can work for a long time.

[0009] The sensor module includes a transparent protective cover and a connector. The transparent protective cover is installed through the surface of the lower cover body. A connector is arranged at the bottom end surface of the metal matrix composite plate, and the connector is electrically connected to a sonar detection module, a water quality monitoring module, a magnetic force detection module and an optical imaging module. And the connector is electrically connected to a supplementary light. The sonar detection module is specifically a kind including but not limited to the M750d multi-beam image sonar. The water quality monitoring module is specifically a kind including but not limited to the TH-SFB03 detection module. The magnetic force detection module is specifically a kind including but not limited to the HMC5883LGY-271 module. The optical imaging module is specifically a kind including but not limited to the DxOLabs optical module.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, the sensor module is composed of a transparent protective cover, a connector, a sonar detection module, a water quality monitoring module, a magnetic detection module, an optical imaging module and a fill light. The sonar detection module includes an active sonar and a passive sonar. The active sonar adopts a high-frequency broadband transducer array with a working frequency range of 100 kHz - 500 kHz. The active sonar can emit acoustic wave pulses and receive the reflected acoustic wave signals, thereby detecting information such as the distance, azimuth and shape of underwater targets. By adjusting the frequency and power of the emitted acoustic waves, it can adapt to different detection distances and target characteristics. The passive sonar is equipped with a high-sensitivity hydrophone array, which can detect weak sound signals in the surrounding underwater environment, such as the sounds emitted by marine organisms and the noise of ship navigation. The passive sonar can identify the type, position and motion state of underwater targets by analyzing the characteristics of these sound signals, such as frequency, intensity and direction. The optical imaging module adopts special optical materials and a waterproof sealing design, which can take clear images under different water depths and water quality conditions. The camera is also equipped with an automatic light adjustment system, which automatically adjusts the aperture size and exposure time according to the ambient light intensity. In addition, the camera is connected to an illumination system, which is composed of multiple high-brightness LED lights and can provide sufficient light intensity to ensure that clear images can be taken even in a dark underwater environment. The water quality monitoring module is used to detect the water quality of seawater, and the magnetic detection module is used to detect the underwater magnetic field distribution, thereby realizing the detection of multiple functions.

[0011] The information acquisition and transmission module includes a flexible graphene antenna and a master control module. The flexible graphene antenna is arranged on the upper end surface of the metal matrix composite plate, and the master control module is installed below the flexible graphene antenna. The master control module includes an SBE41CP type CTD sensor, a Beidou satellite communication terminal module, an SX1262 remote LORA wireless module and an SFP-2.5G-T module. The Beidou satellite communication terminal module includes a Beidou communication module, a microstrip antenna and an antenna rod.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, the information acquisition and transmission module is composed of a flexible graphene antenna and a master control module. Information is transmitted through the flexible graphene antenna and the master control module. The satellite communication device is used to send the detected data to a remote control center or data processing center to achieve global data transmission. Among them, multiple communication methods are used to transmit data to the surface control center.

[0013] The limiting mechanism includes a housing and a sliding rod. The inner cavity of the housing is provided with a sliding rod, and the sliding rod passes through the side end surface of the housing and is connected with a rubber plate. A magnetic plate is arranged at one end of the sliding rod away from the rubber plate, and an electromagnet is arranged on one side of the magnetic plate. A return spring is installed on the outer diameter surface of the sliding rod.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the limiting mechanism is composed of a housing, a sliding rod, a rubber plate, a magnetic plate, an electromagnet and a return spring, so as to ensure that after the traction rope extends and retracts, the traction rope is limited, thereby ensuring the stability of the buoy body and facilitating the reset of the buoy body.

[0015] The disk-type magnetic levitation generator, the superlattice thermoelectric module and the wave energy power generation device are electrically connected to the lithium metal storage battery through a rectifier and a voltage regulator. The lithium metal storage battery, the disk-type magnetic levitation generator, the superlattice thermoelectric module and the wave energy power generation device are electrically connected to a controller, and the rectifier, the voltage regulator and the controller are all installed inside the upper cover and the lower cover.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the disk-type magnetic levitation generator, the superlattice thermoelectric module and the wave energy power generation device are electrically connected to the lithium metal storage battery through a rectifier and a voltage regulator, so that the electric energy generated by the disk-type magnetic levitation generator, the superlattice thermoelectric module and the wave energy power generation device can charge the lithium metal storage battery, and it is convenient for the subsequent lithium metal storage battery to supply power to other electronic components, thereby realizing energy recovery and extending the working time of the device.

[0017] The connector is electrically connected to the sonar detection module, the water quality monitoring module, the magnetic force detection module, the optical imaging module and the supplementary light. And the connector includes but is not limited to the R-2521Z transceiver. The connector is electrically connected to the controller and the lithium metal storage battery installed inside the upper cover and the lower cover.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the connector is electrically connected to the sonar detection module, the water quality monitoring module, the magnetic force detection module, the optical imaging module and the supplementary light, so as to facilitate the buoy body to detect the surrounding environment through the sonar detection module, the water quality monitoring module, the magnetic force detection module, the optical imaging module and the supplementary light, thereby realizing the monitoring effect.

[0019] The flexible graphene antenna and the total control module in the information acquisition and transmission module are electrically connected to the lithium metal storage battery, the connector and the controller installed inside the upper cover and the lower cover.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the lithium metal storage battery supplies power to the flexible graphene antenna and the total control module for subsequent signal transmission, which is convenient for the total control module to summarize and process signal information.

[0021] The upper cover is in the shape of an arc cover, the lower cover is in the shape of a hemisphere, the floating body is in the shape of a ring, and the floating body is hollow. The metal matrix composite plate, the metal matrix composite skeleton and the ceramic matrix composite support column are all supported by carbon fiber composite materials.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solutions, where the upper cover body, the lower cover body and the floating body are all supported by special materials, thereby increasing the service life of the buoy body. At the same time, the stability of the buoy body is increased and the buoy body is reinforced through the metal matrix composite plate, the metal matrix composite skeleton and the ceramic matrix composite support column, and a bionic anti-fouling coating is provided, thereby preventing attachment by marine organisms such as algae and barnacles.

[0023] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. The buoy body is composed of an upper cover body, a lower cover body, a floating body, a metal matrix composite plate, a bionic anti-fouling coating, a metal matrix composite skeleton and a ceramic matrix composite support column, ensuring the stability of the buoy body. Among them, carbon fiber composite materials and titanium alloy are used, increasing the corrosion resistance by 10 times. Combined with the bionic anti-fouling coating and shark skin micro-structure, the biological attachment is reduced by 90%, thereby ensuring the service life of the buoy body. At the same time, the safety protection mechanism consists of a servo motor, a winding roller, a support plate, a traction rope, a limiting mechanism, a housing, a sliding rod, a rubber plate, a magnetic plate, an electromagnet, a return spring, a rotating connection ring, a sealing ring, a counterweight and a grabbing anchor. When the buoy body is displaced, the servo motor is started to drive the winding roller to rotate, thereby winding the traction rope, so that the traction rope pulls the rotating connection ring, the counterweight and the grabbing anchor, thus resetting the buoy body, avoiding the buoy being easily displaced by waves due to unreasonable buoy center design or insufficient strength of the anchor chain system. And the power supply module consists of a lithium metal battery, a disk-type magnetic levitation generator, a superlattice thermoelectric module and a wave energy generating device. Through the hybrid power supply method, it can effectively and continuously supply power to the electronic components used by the buoy body. Through long-term endurance, the buoy body can work for a long time; 2. The sensor module consists of a transparent protective cover, a connector, a sonar detection module, a water quality monitoring module, a magnetic force detection module, an optical imaging module and a supplementary light. Among them, the sonar detection module includes an active sonar and a passive sonar. The active sonar uses a high-frequency broadband transducer array, and the working frequency range is 100kHz - 500kHz. The active sonar can emit acoustic wave pulses and receive the reflected acoustic wave signals, thereby detecting information such as the distance, azimuth and shape of underwater targets. The optical imaging module uses special optical materials and a waterproof and sealed design, and can take clear images under different water depths and water quality conditions. The camera is also connected to an illumination system, which consists of multiple high-brightness LED lights, which can provide sufficient light intensity to ensure clear images can be taken even in a dark underwater environment. And the water quality monitoring module is used to detect the water quality of seawater, and the magnetic force detection module is used to detect the underwater magnetic field distribution, thereby realizing the detection of multiple functions; 3. The information collection and transmission module consists of a flexible graphene antenna and a master control module. Information is transmitted through the flexible graphene antenna and the master control module. Satellite communication equipment is used to send the detected data to a remote control center or data processing center to achieve global data transmission. Among them, multiple communication methods are used to transmit data to the water surface control center. The limiting mechanism consists of a housing, a sliding rod, a rubber plate, a magnetic plate, an electromagnet, and a return spring, which can limit the traction rope after it stretches and retracts, ensuring the stability of the buoy body and facilitating the reset of the buoy body. The disk-type magnetic levitation generator, the superlattice thermoelectric module, and the wave energy power generation device are electrically connected to the lithium-metal battery through a rectifier and a voltage regulator, so that the electric energy generated by the disk-type magnetic levitation generator, the superlattice thermoelectric module, and the wave energy power generation device can charge the lithium-metal battery, and it is convenient for the subsequent lithium-metal battery to supply power to other electronic components, thus realizing energy recovery and extending the working time of the device; 4. The connector is electrically connected to the sonar detection module, the water quality monitoring module, the magnetic force detection module, the optical imaging module, and the fill light, which facilitates the buoy body to detect the surrounding environment through the sonar detection module, the water quality monitoring module, the magnetic force detection module, the optical imaging module, and the fill light, thus realizing the monitoring effect. The lithium-metal battery supplies power to the flexible graphene antenna and the master control module for signal transmission, which is convenient for the master control module to summarize and process signal information. The upper cover, the lower cover, and the floating body are all made of special materials, which can increase the service life of the buoy body. At the same time, the metal matrix composite board, the metal matrix composite skeleton, and the ceramic matrix composite support column are used to increase the stability of the buoy body and reinforce the buoy body, and a bionic anti-fouling coating is set to prevent attachment by marine organisms such as algae and barnacles. Description of the Drawings

[0024] Figure 1 is the front view structural schematic diagram of the buoy body in the embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 is the top view structural schematic diagram of the metal matrix composite board in the embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 is the front sectional view structural schematic diagram of the buoy body in the embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 is the front sectional view structural schematic diagram of the safety protection mechanism in the embodiment of the present application; Figure 5 is the front sectional view structural schematic diagram of the sensor module in the embodiment of the present application; Figure 6 is the top view structural schematic diagram of the lithium-metal battery in the embodiment of the present application; Figure 7 is the embodiment of the present application Figure 4 structural schematic diagram at position A; Figure 8 It is a schematic structural diagram of the monitoring process of the embodiment of the present application; Description of reference numerals in the drawings: 1. Buoy body; 101. Upper cover body; 102. Lower cover body; 103. Floating body; 104. Metal matrix composite plate; 105. Bionic antifouling coating; 106. Metal matrix composite skeleton; 107. Ceramic matrix composite support column; 2. Sensor module; 201. Transparent protective cover; 202. Connector; 203. Sonar detection module; 204. Water quality monitoring module; 205. Magnetic force detection module; 206. Optical imaging module; 207. Fill light; 3. Power supply module; 301. Lithium metal storage battery; 302. Disk type magnetic levitation generator; 303. Superlattice thermoelectric module; 304. Wave energy power generation device; 4. Information acquisition and transmission module; 401. Flexible graphene antenna; 402. Total control module; 5. Safety protection mechanism; 501. Servo motor; 502. Winding roller; 503. Support plate; 504. Towing rope; 505. Limiting mechanism; 5051. Housing; 5052. Slide bar; 5053. Rubber plate; 5054. Magnetic plate; 5055. Electromagnet; 5056. Return spring; 506. Rotating connection ring; 507. Sealing ring; 508. Counterweight; 509. Grappling anchor; 6. Mounting block. Detailed implementation manners

[0025] The following is a further detailed description of the present application in conjunction with the attached Figure 1 - attached Figure 8 drawings to make a further detailed description of the present application.

[0026] Embodiment: An integrated monitoring system based on an ocean observation buoy, comprising a buoy body 1, a sensor module 2, a power supply module 3, an information collection and transmission module 4, and a safety protection mechanism 5. The inner cavity of the buoy body 1 is provided with a sensor module 2, a power supply module 3, and an information collection and transmission module 4. The buoy body 1 includes an upper cover body 101 and a lower cover body 102. A floating body 103 is arranged between the upper cover body 101 and the lower cover body 102. The upper cover body 101, the lower cover body 102, and the floating body 103 are connected by a metal matrix composite plate 104. The upper cover body 101, the lower cover body 102, and the floating body 103 are all made of titanium alloy. And a bionic anti-fouling coating 105 is provided on the outer diameter surfaces of the lower cover body 102 and the floating body 103. A metal matrix composite skeleton 106 is installed on the inner surface of the lower cover body 102. A ceramic matrix composite support column 107 is installed at the center of the inner side of the lower cover body 102. An installation block 6 is provided at the center of the bottom end surface of the lower cover body 102. A safety protection mechanism 5 is arranged between two metal matrix composite plates 104. The safety protection mechanism 5 includes a servo motor 501 and a winding roller 502. The servo motor 501 is installed between two metal matrix composite plates 104. And the output end of the servo motor 501 is provided with a winding roller 502. And the winding roller 502 is fixed by a support plate 503. A traction rope 504 wound around the outer diameter surface of the winding roller 502 passes through the metal matrix composite plate 104, a limiting mechanism 505, and the installation block 6 and is connected to a rotary connection ring 506. And a sealing ring 507 is provided on the contact surface between the traction rope 504 and the installation block 6. The traction rope 504 is connected to a grab anchor 509 through a counterweight 508. Among them, the buoy body 1 is composed of an upper cover body 101, a lower cover body 102, a floating body 103, a metal matrix composite plate 104, a bionic anti-fouling coating 105, a metal matrix composite skeleton 106, and a ceramic matrix composite support column 107, ensuring the stability of the buoy body 1. Among them, carbon fiber composite materials and titanium alloy are used to increase the corrosion resistance by 10 times. And combined with the bionic anti-fouling coating 105, the shark skin microstructure, reducing 90% of biological attachment. Furthermore, the service life of the buoy body 1 is ensured. At the same time, the safety protection mechanism 5 is composed of a servo motor 501, a winding roller 502, a support plate 503, a traction rope 504, a limiting mechanism 505, a housing 5051, a sliding rod 5052, a rubber plate 5053, a magnetic plate 5054, an electromagnet 5055, a return spring 5056, a rotary connection ring 506, a sealing ring 507, a counterweight 508, and a grab anchor 509. When the buoy body 1 is displaced, the servo motor 501 is started to drive the winding roller 502 to rotate. Then the traction rope 504 is wound up, so that the traction rope 504 pulls the rotary connection ring 506, the counterweight 508, and the grab anchor 509, thereby resetting the buoy body 1, avoiding the buoy being easily displaced by the waves due to unreasonable buoy center design or insufficient strength of the anchor chain system; The power supply module 3 includes a lithium metal storage battery 301 and a disk-type magnetic levitation generator 302. There are six groups of lithium metal storage batteries 301, and the six groups of lithium metal storage batteries 301 are arranged evenly around the metal matrix composite skeleton 106. A disk-type magnetic levitation generator 302 is installed above the lithium metal storage battery 301. A superlattice thermoelectric module 303 is arranged inside the upper cover 101, and a wave energy power generation device 304 is arranged at the edge of the floating body 103. The power supply module 3 is composed of the lithium metal storage battery 301, the disk-type magnetic levitation generator 302, the superlattice thermoelectric module 303, and the wave energy power generation device 304. Through the hybrid power supply method, it can effectively supply power to the electronic components used by the buoy body 1 for a long time. Through long-term endurance, the buoy body 1 can work for a long time; The sensor module 2 includes a transparent protective cover 201 and a connector 202. The transparent protective cover 201 is installed through the surface of the lower housing 102. The connector 202 is arranged at the bottom end surface of the metal matrix composite plate 104, and the connector 202 is electrically connected to a sonar detection module 203, a water quality monitoring module 204, a magnetic force detection module 205, and an optical imaging module 206. Moreover, the connector 202 is electrically connected to a supplementary light 207. The sonar detection module 203 is specifically one including but not limited to the M750d multi-beam image sonar. The water quality monitoring module 204 is specifically one including but not limited to the TH-SFB03 detection module. The magnetic force detection module 205 is specifically one including but not limited to the HMC5883LGY-271 module. The optical imaging module 206 is specifically one including but not limited to the DxOLabs optical module. Among them, the sensor module 2 is composed of a transparent protective cover 201, a connector 202, a sonar detection module 203, a water quality monitoring module 204, a magnetic force detection module 205, an optical imaging module 206, and a supplementary light 207. Among them, the sonar detection module 203 includes an active sonar and a passive sonar. The active sonar uses a high-frequency broadband transducer array, and the working frequency range is 100 kHz - 500 kHz. The active sonar can emit acoustic wave pulses and receive the reflected acoustic wave signals, thereby detecting information such as the distance, azimuth, and shape of underwater targets. By adjusting the frequency and power of the emitted acoustic waves, it can adapt to different detection distances and target characteristics. The passive sonar is equipped with a high-sensitivity hydrophone array, which can detect weak sound signals in the surrounding underwater environment, such as the sounds emitted by marine organisms and the noise of ship navigation. The passive sonar can identify the type, position, and motion state of underwater targets by analyzing the characteristics such as the frequency, intensity, and direction of these sound signals. The optical imaging module 206 uses special optical materials and a waterproof sealing design, and can take clear images under different water depths and water quality conditions. The camera is also equipped with an automatic light adjustment system, which automatically adjusts the aperture size and exposure time according to the ambient light intensity. In addition, the camera is connected to a lighting system, which is composed of multiple high-brightness LED lights and can provide sufficient light intensity to ensure that clear images can be taken even in a dark underwater environment. And the water quality monitoring module 204 is used to detect the water quality of seawater, and the magnetic force detection module 205 is used to detect the underwater magnetic field distribution, thereby realizing the detection of multiple functions; The information acquisition and transmission module 4 includes a flexible graphene antenna 401 and a master control module 402. The flexible graphene antenna 401 is disposed on the upper end surface of the metal matrix composite plate 104, and the master control module 402 is installed below the flexible graphene antenna 401. The master control module 402 includes an SBE41CP type CTD sensor, a Beidou satellite communication terminal module, an SX1262 remote LORA wireless module, and an SFP-2.5G-T module. The Beidou satellite communication terminal module includes a Beidou communication module, a microstrip antenna, and an antenna rod. The information acquisition and transmission module 4 is composed of the flexible graphene antenna 401 and the master control module 402. Information is transmitted through the flexible graphene antenna 401 and the master control module 402. The satellite communication device is used to send the detected data to a remote control center or data processing center to achieve global data transmission. Multiple communication methods are used to transmit data to the water surface control center. The limiting mechanism 505 includes a housing 5051 and a sliding rod 5052. The inner cavity of the housing 5051 is provided with the sliding rod 5052, and the sliding rod 5052 passes through the side end surface of the housing 5051 and is connected to a rubber plate 5053. A magnetic plate 5054 is provided at one end of the sliding rod 5052 away from the rubber plate 5053, and an electromagnet 5055 is provided on one side of the magnetic plate 5054. A return spring 5056 is installed on the outer diameter surface of the sliding rod 5052. The limiting mechanism 505 is composed of the housing 5051, the sliding rod 5052, the rubber plate 5053, the magnetic plate 5054, the electromagnet 5055, and the return spring 5056. Further, after the traction rope 504 is stretched and retracted, the traction rope 504 is limited, thereby ensuring the stability of the buoy body 1 and facilitating the reset of the buoy body 1; The disk-type magnetic levitation generator 302, the superlattice thermoelectric module 303, and the wave energy power generation device 304 are electrically connected to the lithium metal storage battery 301 through a rectifier and a voltage regulator. The lithium metal storage battery 301, the disk-type magnetic levitation generator 302, the superlattice thermoelectric module 303, and the wave energy power generation device 304 are electrically connected to a controller. The rectifier, the voltage regulator, and the controller are all installed inside the upper cover 101 and the lower cover 102. Among them, the disk-type magnetic levitation generator 302, the superlattice thermoelectric module 303, and the wave energy power generation device 304 are electrically connected to the lithium metal storage battery 301 through a rectifier and a voltage regulator, so that the electric energy generated by the disk-type magnetic levitation generator 302, the superlattice thermoelectric module 303, and the wave energy power generation device 304 can charge the lithium metal storage battery 301, and it is convenient for the subsequent lithium metal storage battery 301 to supply power to other electronic components, thereby realizing energy recovery and extending the working time of the device. The connector 202 is electrically connected to the sonar detection module 203, the water quality monitoring module 204, the magnetic force detection module 205, the optical imaging module 206, and the supplementary light 207. The connector 202 includes, but is not limited to, an R-2521Z transceiver. The connector 202 is electrically connected to the controller and the lithium metal storage battery 301 installed inside the upper cover 101 and the lower cover 102. Among them, the connector 202 is electrically connected to the sonar detection module 203, the water quality monitoring module 204, the magnetic force detection module 205, the optical imaging module 206, and the supplementary light 207, so as to facilitate the buoy body 1 to detect the surrounding environment through the sonar detection module 203, the water quality monitoring module 204, the magnetic force detection module 205, the optical imaging module 206, and the supplementary light 207, thereby realizing the monitoring effect; The flexible graphene antenna 401 and the total control module 402 in the information collection and transmission module 4 are electrically connected to the lithium metal storage battery 301, the connector 202, and the controller installed inside the upper cover 101 and the lower cover 102. Among them, the lithium metal storage battery 301 supplies power to the flexible graphene antenna 401 and the total control module 402 for subsequent model transmission, which is convenient for the total control module 402 to summarize and process signal information. The upper cover 101 is in the shape of an arc cover, the lower cover 102 is in the shape of a hemisphere, the floating body 103 is in the shape of a ring, and the floating body 103 is hollow. The metal matrix composite plate 104, the metal matrix composite skeleton 106, and the ceramic matrix composite support column 107 are all supported by carbon fiber composite materials. The specific model of the bionic anti-fouling coating 105 is BioShield-500. Among them, the upper cover 101, the lower cover 102, and the floating body 103 are all made of special materials, thereby increasing the service life of the buoy body 1. At the same time, the stability of the buoy body 1 is increased and the buoy body 1 is reinforced through the metal matrix composite plate 104, the metal matrix composite skeleton 106, and the ceramic matrix composite support column 107, and a bionic anti-fouling coating 105 is provided, thereby avoiding being attached by marine organisms such as algae and barnacles.

[0027] The implementation principle of the embodiments of this application is as follows: The buoy body 1 consists of an upper cover body 101, a lower cover body 102, a floating body 103, a metal matrix composite plate 104, a bionic anti-fouling coating 105, a metal matrix composite skeleton 106, and a ceramic matrix composite support column 107. The upper cover body 101, the lower cover body 102, and the floating body 103 are all made of special materials to increase the service life of the buoy body 1. At the same time, the metal matrix composite plate 104, the metal matrix composite skeleton 106, and the ceramic matrix composite support column 107 are used to increase the stability of the buoy body 1 and reinforce the buoy body 1. And a bionic anti-fouling coating 105 is provided to prevent attachment by marine organisms such as algae and barnacles, ensuring the stability of the buoy body 1. Carbon fiber composite materials and titanium alloy are used to increase the corrosion resistance by 10 times. Combined with the bionic anti-fouling coating 105 and the shark skin microstructure, the biological attachment is reduced by 90%, ensuring the service life of the buoy body 1. At the same time, the safety protection mechanism 5 consists of a servo motor 501, a winding roller 502, a support plate 503, a traction rope 504, a limiting mechanism 505, a housing 5051, a sliding rod 5052, a rubber plate 5053, a magnetic plate 5054, an electromagnet 5055, a return spring 5056, a rotating connection ring 506, a sealing ring 507, a counterweight 508, and a grabbing anchor 509. When the buoy body 1 is displaced, the servo motor 501 is started to drive the winding roller 502 to rotate, thereby winding the traction rope 504, so that the traction rope 504 pulls the rotating connection ring 506, the counterweight 508, and the grabbing anchor 509, thus resetting the buoy body 1 and avoiding the buoy being easily displaced by the waves due to unreasonable buoy center design or insufficient strength of the anchor chain system.

[0028] The limiting mechanism 505 consists of a housing 5051, a sliding rod 5052, a rubber plate 5053, a magnetic plate 5054, an electromagnet 5055, and a return spring 5056, which is used to limit the traction rope 504 after it expands and contracts, ensuring the stability of the buoy body 1 and facilitating the reset of the buoy body 1. The sensor module 2 consists of a transparent protective cover 201, a connector 202, a sonar detection module 203, a water quality monitoring module 204, a magnetic force detection module 205, an optical imaging module 206, and a supplementary light 207. The sonar detection module 203 includes an active sonar and a passive sonar. The active sonar uses a high-frequency broadband transducer array. The active sonar can emit acoustic pulses and receive the reflected acoustic signals to detect information such as the distance, azimuth, and shape of underwater targets. The optical imaging module 206 uses special optical materials and a waterproof and sealed design, and can take clear images under different water depths and water quality conditions. The camera is also connected to an illumination system, which consists of multiple high-brightness LED lights and can provide sufficient light intensity to ensure clear images can be taken even in a dark underwater environment.

[0029] Moreover, the water quality monitoring module 204 is used to detect the water quality of seawater, and the magnetic force detection module 205 is used to detect the underwater magnetic field distribution, so as to realize the detection of multiple functions. Among them, the power supply module 3 is composed of a lithium metal battery 301, a disk-type magnetic levitation generator 302, a superlattice thermoelectric module 303 and a wave energy power generation device 304. By using a hybrid power supply method, it can effectively and continuously supply power to the electronic components used in the buoy body 1. With long-term endurance, the buoy body 1 can work for a long time. The disk-type magnetic levitation generator 302, the superlattice thermoelectric module 303 and the wave energy power generation device 304 are electrically connected to the lithium metal battery 301 through a rectifier and a voltage regulator, so that the electric energy generated by the disk-type magnetic levitation generator 302, the superlattice thermoelectric module 303 and the wave energy power generation device 304 can charge the lithium metal battery 301, and it is convenient for the lithium metal battery 301 to supply power to other electronic components later, realizing energy recovery and extending the working time of the device. The information collection and transmission module 4 is composed of a flexible graphene antenna 401 and a master control module 402. The flexible graphene antenna 401 and the master control module 402 are used for information transmission. The satellite communication device is used to send the detected data to a remote control center or data processing center to realize global data transmission. Among them, multiple communication methods are used to transmit data to the surface control center.

[0030] The embodiments of this specific implementation manner are all preferred embodiments of this application, and do not limit the protection scope of this application accordingly. The same components are denoted by the same reference numerals. Therefore, all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. An integrated monitoring system based on an ocean observation buoy, comprising a buoy body (1), a sensor module (2), a power supply module (3), an information acquisition and transmission module (4), and a safety protection mechanism (5), characterized in that: The inner cavity of the buoy body (1) is provided with a sensor module (2), a power supply module (3), and an information collection and transmission module (4). The buoy body (1) includes an upper cover body (101) and a lower cover body (102). A floating body (103) is arranged between the upper cover body (101) and the lower cover body (102). The upper cover body (101), the lower cover body (102), and the floating body (103) are connected by a metal matrix composite plate (104). The upper cover body (101), the lower cover body (102), and the floating body (103) are all made of titanium alloy. A bionic anti-fouling coating (105) is provided on the outer diameter surfaces of the lower cover body (102) and the floating body (103). A metal matrix composite skeleton (106) is installed on the inner surface of the lower cover body (102). A ceramic matrix composite support column (107) is installed at the center inside the lower cover body (102). An installation block (6) is provided at the center of the bottom end surface of the lower cover body (102). A safety protection mechanism (5) is arranged between the two metal matrix composite plates (104). The safety protection mechanism (5) includes a servo motor (501) and a winding roller (502). The servo motor (501) is installed between the two metal matrix composite plates (104), and the output end of the servo motor (501) is provided with a winding roller (502). The winding roller (502) is fixed by a support plate (503). The traction rope (504) wound around the outer diameter surface of the winding roller (502) passes through the metal matrix composite plate (104), the limiting mechanism (505), and the installation block (6) and is connected to a rotary connection ring (506). A sealing ring (507) is provided on the contact surface between the traction rope (504) and the installation block (6). The traction rope (504) is connected to a grab anchor (509) through a counterweight block (508).

2. The integrated monitoring system based on an ocean observation buoy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power supply module (3) includes a lithium metal storage battery (301) and a disk-type magnetic levitation generator (302). There are six groups of the lithium metal storage batteries (301), and the six groups of lithium metal storage batteries (301) are arranged evenly around the metal matrix composite skeleton (106). A disk-type magnetic levitation generator (302) is installed above the lithium metal storage battery (301). A superlattice thermoelectric module (303) is arranged inside the upper cover body (101). A wave energy power generation device (304) is arranged at the edge of the floating body (103).

3. The integrated monitoring system based on an ocean observation buoy according to claim 2, wherein: The sensor module (2) includes a transparent protective cover (201) and a connector (202). The transparent protective cover (201) is installed through the surface of the lower housing (102). A connector (202) is provided at the bottom end face of the metal matrix composite plate (104). The connector (202) is electrically connected to a sonar detection module (203), a water quality monitoring module (204), a magnetic force detection module (205), and an optical imaging module (206). And the connector (202) is electrically connected to a supplementary light (207). The sonar detection module (203) is specifically a kind of module including but not limited to the M750d multi-beam image sonar. The water quality monitoring module (204) is specifically a kind of module including but not limited to the TH-SFB03 detection module. The magnetic force detection module (205) is specifically a kind of module including but not limited to the HMC5883LGY-271 module. The optical imaging module (206) is specifically a kind of module including but not limited to the DxOLabs optical module.

4. The integrated monitoring system based on an ocean observation buoy according to claim 3, characterized in that: The information acquisition and transmission module (4) includes a flexible graphene antenna (401) and a master control module (402). A flexible graphene antenna (401) is provided on the upper end face of the metal matrix composite plate (104). And a master control module (402) is installed below the flexible graphene antenna (401). The master control module (402) includes an SBE41CP type CTD sensor, a Beidou satellite communication terminal module, an SX1262 remote LORA wireless module, and an SFP-2.5G-T module. The Beidou satellite communication terminal module includes a Beidou communication module, a microstrip antenna, and an antenna rod.

5. The integrated monitoring system based on an ocean observation buoy according to claim 4, characterized in that: The limiting mechanism (505) includes a housing (5051) and a sliding rod (5052). A sliding rod (5052) is arranged in the inner cavity of the housing (5051). And the sliding rod (5052) passes through the side end face of the housing (5051) and is connected to a rubber plate (5053). A magnetic plate (5054) is provided at one end of the sliding rod (5052) away from the rubber plate (5053). And an electromagnet (5055) is provided on one side of the magnetic plate (5054). A return spring (5056) is installed on the outer diameter surface of the sliding rod (5052).

6. The integrated monitoring system based on an ocean observation buoy according to claim 5, characterized in that: The disk-type magnetic levitation generator (302), the superlattice thermoelectric module (303), and the wave energy power generation device (304) are electrically connected to the lithium metal storage battery (301) through a rectifier and a voltage regulator. The lithium metal storage battery (301), the disk-type magnetic levitation generator (302), the superlattice thermoelectric module (303), and the wave energy power generation device (304) are electrically connected to a controller. And the rectifier, the voltage regulator, and the controller are all installed inside the upper housing (101) and the lower housing (102).

7. The integrated monitoring system based on an ocean observation buoy according to claim 5, characterized in that: The connector (202) is electrically connected to the sonar detection module (203), the water quality monitoring module (204), the magnetic detection module (205), the optical imaging module (206) and the fill light (207), and the connector (202) includes, but is not limited to, an R-2521Z transceiver. The connector (202) is electrically connected to the controller and the lithium metal battery (301) installed inside the upper cover (101) and the lower cover (102).

8. The integrated monitoring system based on an ocean observation buoy according to claim 5, characterized in that: The flexible graphene antenna (401) and the master control module (402) in the information collection and transmission module (4) are electrically connected to the lithium metal battery (301), the connector (202), and the controller installed inside the upper cover (101) and the lower cover (102).

9. An integrated monitoring system based on an ocean observation buoy according to claim 5, characterized in that: The upper cover (101) is in the shape of an arc cover, the lower cover (102) is in the shape of a hemisphere, the floating body (103) is in the shape of a ring, and the floating body (103) is hollow. The metal matrix composite plate (104), the metal matrix composite skeleton (106), and the ceramic matrix composite support column (107) are all supported by carbon fiber composite materials.

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