An X-ray ash content edge detection process

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of ash content detection technology, and in particular to an X-ray ash content edge detection process. The process includes the following steps: collecting samples and crushing the samples to a preset particle size; shaping the crushed samples; performing morphological detection on the shaped samples to determine whether the shaped samples meet the detection standards; and transporting the samples that meet the detection standards to the bottom of the detector window for fluorescence detection, wherein the detector window is parallel to the top surface of the sample, and the distance between the detector window and the top surface of the sample is 0-5mm, and the repeatability error accuracy of the ash content detection results obtained is within ±0.4%. By crushing, shaping and morphologically detecting the samples, the particle size and morphology of the samples are limited, so that the distance between the detector window and the top surface of the sample can be controlled between 0-5mm, so that the repeatability error accuracy of the ash content detection results obtained is controlled within ±0.4%, thereby improving the accuracy and stability of the detection results.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ash content detection, and in particular to an X-ray ash content edge detection process. Background Art

[0002] In the fields of mineral processing, coal preparation, thermal power generation and coal chemical industry, it is necessary to detect the content of the main components of raw materials or products. Traditionally, this is mainly done through chemical titration (mineral processing) or ash burning (coal). The detection cycle is long and there is a large delay in guiding the adjustment of production process parameters. Therefore, the realization of online rapid detection technology for the content of main components can effectively guide production and improve production quality.

[0003] Currently, coal ash content is primarily measured using X-ray detection technology, which uses X-ray instruments to detect coal ash content. Most current online composition detection systems employ direct detection, placing the X-ray instrument above the feed or discharge belts. These instruments are then calibrated online for materials of varying particle sizes and costs. However, this calibration yields suboptimal detection accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an X-ray ash edge detection process to solve the technical problem of low coal ash detection accuracy in the prior art.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] An X-ray ash edge detection process includes the following steps:

[0007] Collect samples and crush them to a preset particle size;

[0008] Reshape the crushed samples;

[0009] Perform morphological testing on the reshaped samples to determine whether the reshaped samples meet the testing standards;

[0010] Samples that meet the test criteria are transported to the bottom of the detector window for fluorescence detection to obtain spectral characteristics. The ash content test results of the samples are calculated based on the spectral characteristics. The detector window is parallel to the top surface of the sample, and the distance between the detector window and the top surface of the sample is 0-5mm. The repeatability error accuracy of the obtained ash content test results is within ±0.4%.

[0011] Furthermore, the preset particle size is less than or equal to 3 mm.

[0012] Furthermore, the distance between the detector window and the top surface of the sample is 2 mm ± 0.15 mm, so that the repeatability error accuracy is within ± 0.25%.

[0013] Furthermore, the step of shaping the crushed sample specifically includes:

[0014] The sample is shaped by a shaping device to shape the top surface of the sample into a plane, and the thickness of the shaped sample stream is at least 2 cm and the length is at least 30 cm.

[0015] Furthermore, the cross-section of the sample stream is trapezoidal, with an upper cross-section width of 3 cm and a lower cross-section width of 7 cm.

[0016] Furthermore, the shaping device includes a shaping roller matched with the detection belt, and the step of shaping the sample using the shaping device specifically includes:

[0017] The crushed sample is sent to the detection belt, and the moving belt speed of the detection belt is 5mm / s±0.2mm / s;

[0018] At least one shaping roller is provided above the detection belt along its moving direction, and the sample passes through the at least one shaping roller in sequence under the conveyance of the detection belt.

[0019] Furthermore, a substantially trapezoidal or rectangular shaping opening is formed between the detection belt and the shaping roller, and the number of the shaping rollers is multiple, thereby forming multiple shaping openings above the detection belt, and the areas of the multiple shaping openings tend to decrease along the conveying direction of the detection belt;

[0020] And / or, the shaping roller is an active roller, and the rotation speed of the shaping roller is 4 r / s;

[0021] And / or, a brush is arranged above the shaping roller, and the brush sweeps away the sample stuck on the shaping roller during the rotation of the shaping roller.

[0022] Furthermore, the step of performing morphological detection on the reshaped sample specifically includes:

[0023] The sample material flow passes through the morphology detection camera stably at a preset moving belt speed, and the morphology detection camera detects at least one feature of the sample's width, height, and top hole area.

[0024] Furthermore, the step of detecting at least one feature of the sample's width, height, and top hole area by the morphology detection camera includes:

[0025] Acquiring an image of the sample and performing recognition analysis on the image and / or detecting the height of the sample;

[0026] Samples that do not meet the test standards include: the width error of the sample is greater than or equal to ±5mm; and / or the height error of the sample is greater than or equal to ±1mm; and / or there are holes with a diameter greater than or equal to 2mm on the top surface of the sample; and / or there are missing parts in the sample and the area of ​​the missing parts accounts for greater than or equal to 3%.

[0027] Furthermore, the step of transporting the sample meeting the detection criteria to the bottom of the detector window for detection specifically includes:

[0028] The sample is tested using a fluorescence detection device, which includes a main structure, a support arm, an X-ray fluorescence instrument, and a protective baffle, wherein:

[0029] The upper end of the support arm is rotatably connected to the external frame, the lower end of the support arm is rotatably connected to the main structure, and the length of the support arm is adjustable. The main structure is installed above the detection belt through the support arm;

[0030] The X-ray fluorescence instrument is installed in the main structure. The main structure is provided with a through hole. The detector of the X-ray fluorescence instrument detects the sample on the detection belt through the through hole.

[0031] The protective baffle is in a V-shaped structure and is installed on the side of the main structure where the material flow comes in. The tip surface of the protective baffle is used to scrape off samples that exceed the standard layer height.

[0032] Furthermore, it also includes:

[0033] A spacing monitoring model is established based on the mapping relationship between the spacing between the detector window and the top surface of the sample and the spectral characteristics;

[0034] The obtained spectral characteristics of the sample are input into the distance monitoring model to calculate the distance between the current detector window and the top surface of the sample.

[0035] Furthermore, the fluorescence detection adopts a rolling judgment method, and a judgment is performed every preset time period. Each judgment includes the following steps:

[0036] During a preset time period, the detector is controlled to collect spectral data once at a set time interval, and a total of n spectral data are collected, where n is greater than or equal to 2;

[0037] Normalizing each piece of spectral data to obtain n pieces of relative spectral data;

[0038] Using cluster screening to divide the n pieces of relative spectrum data into cluster one and cluster two;

[0039] Calculation is performed on cluster one and cluster two to obtain spectral features with coal flow and / or spectral features without coal flow.

[0040] Furthermore, after the step of dividing the n pieces of relative spectrum data into cluster 1 and cluster 2 by cluster screening, each judgment further includes the following steps:

[0041] Determine whether the distance between the center of cluster 1 and the center of cluster 2 is less than the preset center distance. If so, merge cluster 1 and cluster 2 into a single cluster.

[0042] And / or, spectral data with intensities exceeding a preset range in cluster 1 and cluster 2 are respectively eliminated.

[0043] Furthermore, it also includes: the spectral characteristics include spectral characteristics with coal flow and spectral characteristics without coal flow, and the intensity change amplitude of the set element in the spectral characteristics without coal flow obtained each time is compared. If the intensity change amplitude of the set element exceeds the set threshold, it is determined that the detector window is dirty, wherein the set element is the element contained in the sample.

[0044] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0045] The X-ray ash edge detection process provided by the present invention includes the following steps: collecting samples and crushing the samples to a preset particle size; shaping the crushed samples; performing morphological detection on the shaped samples to determine whether the shaped samples meet the detection standards; and transporting the samples that meet the detection standards to the bottom of the detector window for fluorescence detection, wherein the detector window is parallel to the top surface of the sample, and the distance between the detector window and the top surface of the sample is 0~5mm, and the repeatability error accuracy of the obtained ash detection results is within ±0.4%. The X-ray ash edge detection process provided by the present application limits the particle size and morphology of the sample by crushing, shaping and morphologically detecting the sample, so that the distance between the detector window and the top surface of the sample can be controlled between 0~5mm, so that the repeatability error accuracy of the obtained ash detection results is controlled within ±0.4%, effectively improving the accuracy and stability of the detection results. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the specific embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0047] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the process flow of an X-ray ash content edge detection process provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of an X-ray ash content edge detection system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of a shaping device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the movement of the shaping roller and the detection belt provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 5 A schematic structural diagram of a morphology detection device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of a sample that meets the detection standards in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure of the sample that does not meet the detection standard in the embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0054] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of the sample that does not meet the detection standard in the embodiment of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0055] Figure 9 A schematic structural diagram of a fluorescence detection device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 10 A schematic structural diagram of a discarding device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0057] icon:

[0058] 1- Sampling and crushing device; 11- Primary processing module; 111- Primary full-section sampling head; 112- Primary crusher; 113- Belt feeder; 114- Primary automatic reducer; 12- Secondary processing module; 121- Secondary sampling belt; 122- Secondary full-section sampling head; 123- Secondary automatic reducer; 124- Dryer; 125- Secondary crusher; 126- Vibrating screen; 127- Bucket elevator; 2-cooling device; 21-constant volume silo; 22-feeding mechanism; 3-detection belt; 4-shaping device; 41-shaping roller; 42-shaping mouth; 43-brush; 44-shaping roller drive source; 5-morphology detection device; 51-camera; 52-distance measuring sensor; 53-light source; 6-discarding device; 61-linear drive source; 62-roller brush; 63-waste chute; 7-fluorescence detection device; 71-main structure; 72-protective baffle; 73-support arm; 8-moisture detection device; 9-temperature detection device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0059] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions of the present invention in conjunction with the embodiments. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0060] It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended solely to facilitate and simplify the description of the present invention. They do not indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0061] As mentioned in the background technology, most current online component detection systems use direct detection, that is, X-ray ash instruments are set up above the production input or output belts to perform online calibration on materials of different particle sizes and costs. However, the detection accuracy after calibration is not ideal.

[0062] Based on this, the present invention provides an X-ray ash edge detection process, referring to Figure 1 , the process comprises the following steps:

[0063] Collect samples and crush them to a preset particle size;

[0064] Reshape the crushed samples;

[0065] Perform morphological testing on the reshaped samples to determine whether the reshaped samples meet the testing standards;

[0066] Samples that meet the test criteria are transported to the bottom of the detector window for fluorescence detection to obtain spectral characteristics. The ash content test results of the samples are calculated based on the spectral characteristics. The detector window is parallel to the top surface of the sample, and the distance between the detector window and the top surface of the sample is 0-5mm. The repeatability error accuracy of the obtained ash content test results is within ±0.4%.

[0067] During the detection process, the detector collects spectral data at a set time interval (e.g., every 1 second) and processes the collected spectral data to obtain a final spectrum. This spectrum contains multiple spectral features, such as the common element features in the coal sample (Si, Ca, Ti, Fe, etc.) and the scattering features of the spectral background. By calculating these various element features, the ash content of the sample can be determined. To make the detection results more accurate, the fluorescence detection provided in this application adopts a rolling judgment method, performing a judgment every preset time period (e.g., 2 minutes). In each judgment, the detector collects a total of 120 spectral data at a frequency of once per second. By screening and averaging these 120 spectral data, a more accurate spectrum is obtained.

[0068] The X-ray ash content edge detection process provided in this application shapes the crushed sample into a preset shape, thereby avoiding the problem of irregular sample surface. The shaped sample is also required to undergo a morphological detection step to ensure that the morphology of the sample meets the requirements of the preset morphology. Since the particle size and morphology of the sample are limited, the distance between the detector window and the top surface of the sample can be controlled between 0 and 5 mm, so that the repeatability error accuracy of the ash content detection result is controlled within ±0.4%, which effectively improves the detection accuracy. In addition, the reduction in detection distance also reduces the difficulty of protection, thereby making the working environment safer.

[0069] Optionally, the distance between the detector window and the top surface of the sample can be 0 mm, 1 mm, 2 mm, 3 mm, 4 mm, or 5 mm.

[0070] Furthermore, the step of collecting samples and crushing them to a predetermined particle size specifically includes: collecting samples from the main belt, performing a primary crushing process on the collected samples to crush them to less than 13 mm, and then reducing them to form primary samples; collecting the reduced primary samples, performing a secondary crushing process on the primary samples, and controlling the particle size of the final samples to be less than or equal to 3 mm. In addition to the above steps, the primary samples may be dried before the secondary crushing process.

[0071] In a specific embodiment, the step of collecting samples and crushing the samples to a preset particle size includes: collecting 10kg~30kg of samples from the main belt, performing primary crushing on the collected samples, crushing the samples to less than 13mm and reducing them to 5kg±0.4kg to form primary samples; collecting 3kg±0.2kg of primary samples, and drying the collected primary samples for 180 seconds using a microwave of more than 10kW and hot air at 85°C; performing secondary closed-circuit crushing on the dried primary samples, and screening the materials after the secondary crushing through a vibrating screen so that the particle size of the final sample is less than or equal to 3mm.

[0072] When the particle size of the sample is greater than 3mm, the coal sample segregates severely and it is difficult to ensure repeatability. Therefore, the process provided in this application controls the particle size of the sample to within 3mm through a two-stage crushing process (it can be all particle sizes within 3mm, such as 0.5mm, 1mm, 2mm, 2.3mm, 3mm), which can ensure that the repeatability error accuracy is controlled within ±0.4%. If the preset particle size exceeds 3mm, it will cause serious segregation of the coal sample. At this time, even if the distance between the detector window and the top surface of the sample is 0, the repeatability error accuracy of the ash detection result is greater than ±0.4%, which ultimately leads to poor detection accuracy. In addition, the ash content corresponding to different coal qualities is different, so if you want the repeatability error accuracy to always be ±0.4%, you need to conduct precise analysis to determine the distance between the detector window and the top surface of the sample.

[0073] After experimental verification, when the particle size of the sample is less than or equal to 3mm, when the distance between the detector window and the top surface of the sample is 1mm, the standard deviation of the ash content detected by the X-ray fluorescence instrument is 0.1288, and the repeatability error precision is 0.12%; when the distance between the detector window and the top surface of the sample is 3mm, the standard deviation of the ash content detected by the X-ray fluorescence instrument is 0.2452, and the repeatability error precision is 0.18%; when the distance between the detector window and the top surface of the sample is 5mm, the standard deviation of the ash content detected by the X-ray fluorescence instrument is 0.4852, and the repeatability error precision is 0.35%. It can be seen that the process provided by this application can ensure the repeatability error precision within ±0.4% by controlling the particle size of the sample within 3mm and the distance between the detector window and the top surface of the sample within 5mm, thereby improving the accuracy and stability of the detection results.

[0074] Preferably, on the basis that the particle size of the sample is less than or equal to 3 mm, the distance between the detector window and the top surface of the sample is 2 mm±0.15 mm, so that the repeatability error accuracy is within ±0.25%.

[0075] Furthermore, after the step of collecting the sample and crushing the sample to a preset particle size, the X-ray ash edge detection process further includes the steps of quantifying and cooling the sample to 24°C.

[0076] Specifically, the X-ray ash edge detection process provided in this application is implemented using an X-ray ash edge detection system. Figure 2The X-ray ash edge detection system includes a sampling and crushing device 1, a detection belt 3, a shaping device 4, a morphology detection device 5, and a fluorescence detection device 7. The sampling and crushing device 1 is used to collect and crush samples; the detection belt 3 is used to receive samples output from the sampling and crushing device 1 and sequentially transport them to the shaping device 4, morphology detection device 5, and fluorescence detection device 7; the shaping device 4 is used to shape the samples into a predetermined shape; the morphology detection device 5 is used to perform morphological detection on the shaped samples; and the fluorescence detection device 7 is used to perform fluorescence detection on the samples. A constant volume silo 21 is located between the sampling and crushing device 1 and the detection belt 3. The crushed samples are fed into the constant volume silo 21. Samples exceeding the maximum capacity of the constant volume silo 21 overflow, thereby enabling sample quantification. The samples in the constant volume silo 21 are rapidly cooled by the heat dissipation mechanism on the constant volume silo 21, cooling them to 24°C to prevent excessive sample temperatures from affecting the detector's detection performance. The cooled samples then fall vertically from the outlet at the bottom of the constant volume silo 21 onto the detection belt 3.

[0077] In the above structure, the capacity of the constant volume silo 21 can be adjusted according to actual conditions. For example, the capacity of the constant volume silo 21 can be 2 L. The distance between the bottom surface of the outlet of the constant volume silo 21 and the detection belt 3 can be 4 cm. This distance allows the sample to fall smoothly onto the detection belt 3 and also makes the outlet of the constant volume silo 21 less likely to be blocked.

[0078] Continue to refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The step of shaping the crushed sample specifically includes: shaping the sample using a shaping device 4 to shape the top surface of the sample into a plane, and the thickness of the shaped sample flow is at least 2 cm and the length is at least 30 cm.

[0079] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 The shaping device 4 includes a shaping roller 41 that cooperates with the detection belt 3. On this basis, the steps of shaping the sample using the shaping device 4 specifically include:

[0080] The crushed sample is sent to the detection belt 3, and the moving belt speed of the detection belt 3 is 5mm / s±0.2mm / s;

[0081] At least one shaping roller 41 is provided above the detection belt 3 along its moving direction. The sample passes through the at least one shaping roller 41 in sequence under the conveyance of the detection belt 3 to form a sample material flow with a thickness of at least 2 cm and a length of at least 30 cm.

[0082] Optionally, a substantially trapezoidal or rectangular shaping opening 42 is formed between the detection belt 3 and the shaping roller 41, and the number of shaping rollers 41 is multiple, thereby forming multiple shaping openings 42 above the detection belt 3, and the areas of the multiple shaping openings 42 tend to decrease along the conveying direction of the detection belt 3;

[0083] and / or, the shaping roller 41 is an active roller, and the rotation speed of the shaping roller 41 is 4 rpm;

[0084] And / or, a brush 43 is arranged above the shaping roller 41, and the brush 43 sweeps away the sample stuck on the shaping roller 41 during the rotation of the shaping roller 41.

[0085] In this embodiment, the crushed sample first enters the constant volume silo 21 for quantitative measurement and cooling. The cooled sample then falls onto the detection belt 3. Two shaping rollers 41 are positioned above the detection belt 3 along its travel direction, forming two shaping openings 42 above the detection belt 3. The shaping rollers 41 are roughly V-shaped, and the shaping openings 42 formed by the shaping rollers 41 and the detection belt 3 are roughly trapezoidal. Each shaping roller 41 is driven by an independent shaping roller drive source 44 (e.g., a motor) at a rotational speed of 4 rpm. A brush 43 is positioned above each shaping roller 41 to sweep away any material that may have adhered to it.

[0086] In the above structure, since the shaping port 42 is roughly trapezoidal, the sample passing through the shaping port 42 is also shaped into a sample material flow with a trapezoidal cross section; compared with a rectangular sample material flow, the structure of the trapezoidal sample material flow is more stable and less likely to collapse. Each shaping roller 41 is driven by an independent shaping roller driving source 44, such as Figure 4 As shown, the instantaneous movement direction of the contact point between the shaping roller 41 and the detection belt 3 is opposite to the movement direction of the detection belt 3, so that the surface of the sample flow can be wiped backward, making the surface of the sample smoother; in addition, when the shaping roller 41 passes through the brush 43, the material contaminated on the shaping roller 41 is blocked by the brush 43 and brushed to the rear side of the sample flow, preventing the brushed material from falling onto the sample flow that has been shaped, thereby further improving the flatness of the top surface of the sample.

[0087] In this embodiment, the length of the middle straight cylinder of the first shaping roller 41 is 6 cm and the diameter is 4 cm, the length of the two side cones is 3 cm, the diameter of the small end of the cone is 4 cm and the diameter of the large end is 9 cm; the length of the middle straight cylinder of the second shaping roller 41 is 3 cm and its diameter is 5 cm, the length of the two side cones is 2 cm, the diameter of the small end of the cone is 5 cm and the diameter of the large end is 9 cm. The above structure makes the areas of the two shaping ports 42 decrease successively along the conveying direction. After the sample passes through the first shaping port 42, the sample is shaped into a trapezoidal surface with a cross-sectional thickness of 2.5 cm, an upper cross-sectional width of 6 cm, and a lower cross-sectional width of 12 cm. After the sample passes through the second shaping port 42, the sample is shaped into a trapezoidal surface with a cross-sectional thickness of 2 cm, an upper cross-sectional width of 3 cm, and a lower cross-sectional width of 7 cm (such as Figure 6 As shown, the length of the sample flow is at least 30 cm. The use of at least two shaping rollers 41 to shape the sample gradually shapes the flow into a predetermined shape, reducing the difficulty of shaping the flow and ensuring the shaping effect.

[0088] Further, continue to refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The step of performing morphological detection on the shaped sample specifically includes: the sample material flow passes through the morphological detection camera stably at a preset moving belt speed, and the morphological detection camera detects at least one feature of the width, height and top hole area of ​​the sample.

[0089] The step of detecting at least one feature of the sample's width, height, and top hole area by the morphology detection camera comprises:

[0090] Acquiring an image of the sample and performing recognition analysis on the image and / or detecting the height of the sample;

[0091] Samples that do not meet the test standards include: the width error of the sample is greater than or equal to ±5mm; and / or the height error of the sample is greater than or equal to ±1mm; and / or there are holes with a diameter greater than or equal to 2mm on the top surface of the sample; and / or there are missing parts in the sample and the area of ​​the top surface of the missing part accounts for greater than or equal to 3%.

[0092] This embodiment utilizes a morphology detection device 5 to perform morphology detection on the sample. The morphology detection device 5 includes a camera 51 mounted above the detection belt 3. When the sample stream passes through the camera 51 under the conveyance of the detection belt 3, the camera 51 can detect at least one characteristic of the sample: width, height, and top hole area.

[0093] In this embodiment, the preset shape of the sample is a trapezoidal surface with a cross-sectional thickness of 2 cm, a width of 3 cm at the upper section, and a width of 7 cm at the lower section, and the sample flow is at least 30 cm long. For samples that meet any of the following requirements: the width error of the sample is greater than or equal to ±5 mm, the height error of the sample is greater than or equal to ±1 mm, and there are holes with a diameter greater than or equal to 2 mm on the top surface of the sample (such as Figure 7 As shown) and the sample has missing parts and the area of ​​the missing parts is greater than or equal to 3% (as shown Figure 8 As shown in the figure, all samples were judged as not meeting the test standards.

[0094] On the basis of the above steps, after the step of performing morphological inspection on the shaped sample, the X-ray ash edge inspection process further includes: pushing the sample that does not meet the inspection standard laterally off the inspection belt 3.

[0095] Furthermore, before or after the step of transporting the sample meeting the inspection standard to the bottom of the detector window for inspection, the X-ray ash edge inspection process further includes: performing moisture inspection and / or temperature inspection on the sample meeting the inspection standard.

[0096] To implement the above process, the X-ray ash edge detection system also includes a moisture detection device 8 and a temperature detection device 9. Samples that meet the detection criteria are transported by the detection belt 3 and moved steadily at the belt speed through the fluorescence detection device 7, moisture detection device 8, and temperature detection device 9. The moisture detection device 8 can be a capacitive contact detector, a near-infrared non-contact detector, or a microwave detector, which is used to measure the moisture content of the sample material flow. The temperature detection device 9 can be a contact or non-contact temperature sensor, which is used to measure the temperature of the sample material flow.

[0097] Reference Figure 9In this embodiment, the fluorescence detection device 7 includes a main structure 71, an X-ray fluorescence detector, a protective baffle 72, and a distance sensor. The main structure 71 is mounted above the detection belt 3, and the X-ray fluorescence detector is mounted within the main structure 71. The protective baffle 72 has a V-shaped structure and is mounted on the side of the main structure 71 where the material flow is received. The tip of the protective baffle 72 is used to scrape off samples that exceed the standard layer height to prevent damage to the detection probe of the X-ray fluorescence detector. The distance sensor is mounted on the side of the main structure 71 where the material flow is received and is used to detect the thickness of the sample flow to further ensure that the sample flow height meets the requirements. The main structure 71 has a bottom surface facing the detection belt 3 and is provided with a recessed structure. The recessed structure has a through hole. The X-ray fluorescence detector detects the sample on the detection belt 3 through the through hole. The distance between the X-ray fluorescence detector and the belt surface of the detection belt 3 is 2 cm, and the distance between the detector window of the X-ray fluorescence detector and the top surface of the sample is 0-5 mm, preferably 2 mm ± 0.15 mm. In addition, the fluorescence detection device 7 also includes a support arm 73 for connecting to the external frame. The main structure is rotatably connected to the support arm 73, and the length of the support arm 73 is adjustable, so that the distance between the detection probe of the X-ray fluorescence instrument and the sample is always kept constant, thereby improving the detection accuracy of the X-ray fluorescence instrument.

[0098] Optionally, the distance measuring sensor in the fluorescence detection device 7 is an ultrasonic rangefinder. Moisture detection device 8 is a near-infrared moisture detector, and the near-infrared moisture detector is set up just above the sample stream, 10cm away from the top surface of the stream. Temperature detection device 9 is specially a PT100 temperature sensor, and the PT100 temperature sensor is a rod-shaped 10cm in diameter and 10cm in length. It is perpendicular to the top surface of the stream and is inserted into the stream from the middle part above the stream, with an insertion depth of 1cm. X-ray fluorescence instrument, ultrasonic rangefinder, near-infrared moisture detector and temperature sensor are all mature instruments, and the principle will not be repeated here.

[0099] Finally, the sample is analyzed for composition. After the sample meets the test standards and undergoes temperature testing, the continuously collected data such as X-ray fluorescence spectrum, moisture, and temperature are processed to obtain the concentration of various elements.

[0100] In summary, a specific embodiment of the present application provides an X-ray ash edge detection process comprising the following steps:

[0101] S1: Collect samples and perform primary crushing, drying, and secondary crushing on them in sequence, reducing the sample to 3kg ± 0.2kg, and controlling the particle size of the sample to be less than or equal to 3mm;

[0102] S2: quantify and cool the crushed sample to 24°C;

[0103] S3: shaping the cooled sample into a trapezoidal shape with a cross-sectional thickness of 2 cm, an upper cross-sectional width of 3 cm, a lower cross-sectional width of 7 cm, and a sample stream with a length of at least 30 cm;

[0104] S4: Perform morphological testing on the reshaped sample to determine whether the reshaped sample meets the testing standards;

[0105] Samples that meet the testing standards are transported to the next process;

[0106] For samples that do not meet the test standards, they are pushed off the test belt 3 laterally;

[0107] S5: Transport the sample that meets the test standards to the bottom of the detector window of the X-ray fluorescence instrument for fluorescence detection, wherein the detector window is parallel to the top surface of the sample, and the distance between the detector window and the top surface of the sample is 2mm±0.15mm. The repeatability error accuracy of the ash content test result is within ±0.25%;

[0108] S6: Conduct moisture testing on samples that meet the testing standards;

[0109] S7: Conduct temperature testing on samples that meet the testing standards;

[0110] S8: Analyze the composition of the sample and process the continuously collected X-ray fluorescence spectrum, moisture, temperature and other data to obtain the concentration of various elements.

[0111] Furthermore, the X-ray ash edge detection process provided in the present application also includes the following steps: establishing a spacing monitoring model based on the mapping relationship between the spacing between the detector window and the top surface of the sample and the spectral characteristics; inputting the obtained spectral characteristics of the sample into the spacing monitoring model to calculate the current spacing between the detector window and the top surface of the sample.

[0112] In actual testing, it was found that the distance between the detector window and the top surface of the sample primarily affects the background features (background shape and background intensity) in the spectral graph. Therefore, the aforementioned spectral features can specifically be background intensity. For example, before actual testing, a distance monitoring model is established based on the attenuation relationship between the distance between the detector window and the top surface of the sample and the background intensity value (i.e., the integrated area within the specified spectral channel range). During the actual testing process, the current distance between the detector window and the top surface of the coal flow sample is inferred from the background intensity in the real-time spectral features.

[0113] In one embodiment, the step of establishing the spacing monitoring model specifically includes:

[0114] With the distance between the detector window and the top surface of the coal flow sample at 0, h1, h2, ..., hn, test and measure the background intensity values ​​of multiple groups (e.g., 5 groups) of coal flow samples (e.g., the sum of the spectral intensities in the 1000-1500 channel range) and calculate the average of the background intensity values ​​of the 5 groups of samples. Where 0, h1, h2, ..., hn increase in sequence, for example, h1 = 1 mm, h2 = 2 mm, and so on, hn = n mm. Considering the influence of acquisition time and current, the background intensity values ​​can be normalized.

[0115] Using the experimentally measured data, the relationship between the distance between the detector window and the top surface of the sample and the background intensity value (i.e., the distance monitoring model) is fitted. For example, the relationship is: h=a+b*back, where h is the distance between the detector window and the top surface of the sample, back is the background intensity value, and a and b are mapping coefficients calculated based on the experimentally measured data.

[0116] During the actual detection process, the background intensity value measured each time or at regular intervals is substituted into the above formula to obtain the current distance between the detector window and the top surface of the sample. This allows staff to understand the actual detection situation and promptly adjust the distance between the detector window and the top surface of the sample to ensure that the distance meets the detection requirements. To remind staff to make timely adjustments, the X-ray ash edge detection system can be controlled to issue an alarm when the distance between the detector window and the top surface of the sample exceeds a preset value (for example, 1 mm).

[0117] Furthermore, the fluorescence detection adopts a rolling judgment method, and a judgment is performed every preset time period. Each judgment includes the following steps:

[0118] During a preset time period, the detector is controlled to collect spectral data once at a set time interval, and a total of n spectral data are collected, where n is greater than or equal to 2;

[0119] In order to avoid the influence of dimension on clustering effect, each spectral data is normalized (such as Z-score normalization) to obtain n relative spectral data. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0120]

[0121] Where: is the spectral data collected each time;

[0122] Using clustering screening (such as k-means or DBSCAN density clustering algorithm) to divide the n relative spectral data into cluster 1 and cluster 2;

[0123] Calculation is performed on cluster one and cluster two to obtain spectral features with coal flow and / or spectral features without coal flow.

[0124] It should be noted that, in the case where part of the spectral data detected by the detector during the preset time period is spectral data without coal flow and part of it is spectral data with coal flow, cluster one is spectral data without coal flow and cluster two is spectral data with coal flow. In this case, the corresponding spectral intensity of cluster one is calculated and averaged to obtain the final spectral map without coal flow, and the corresponding spectral intensity of cluster two is calculated and averaged to obtain the final spectral map with coal flow. In the case where all of the spectral data detected by the detector during the preset time period is spectral data without coal flow, cluster one and cluster two are all spectral data without coal flow. In this case, cluster one and cluster two are merged into a single cluster, and the corresponding spectral intensity of the single cluster is calculated and averaged to obtain the final spectral map with coal flow. Similarly, in the case where all of the spectral data detected by the detector during the preset time period is spectral data with coal flow, cluster one and cluster two are all spectral data with coal flow. In this case, cluster one and cluster two are merged into a single cluster, and the corresponding spectral intensity of the spectral data in the single cluster is calculated and averaged to obtain the final spectral map with coal flow.

[0125] This embodiment uses the K-means clustering algorithm (also known as the K-means clustering algorithm) to divide the n pieces of relative spectral data into cluster 1 and cluster 2. The K-means clustering algorithm is an iterative cluster analysis algorithm. Each time an object is assigned, the cluster center (also known as the cluster center) is recalculated based on the existing objects in the cluster. The cluster center after each iteration is the mean of the existing objects in the cluster in each dimension.

[0126] For example, the steps of using K-means clustering to divide 120 relative spectral data into cluster 1 and cluster 2 specifically include:

[0127] right Sort and select the initial cluster center with the smallest value as cluster one , select the initial cluster center with the largest value as cluster 2 , the calculation formula is:

[0128] =min( ), =max( )

[0129] In each iteration, each data point Assign to the closest cluster:

[0130]

[0131] Where: k is the number of iterations; is the cluster center of cluster 1 after each iteration, = , is the total number of data in cluster 1, is the sum of all data in cluster 1; is the cluster center of cluster 2 after each iteration, = , is the total number of data in cluster 2, is the sum of all data in cluster 2.

[0132] As an optional embodiment, after the step of dividing the n pieces of relative spectrum data into cluster 1 and cluster 2 by cluster screening, each judgment further includes the following steps:

[0133] Determine whether the distance between the cluster center of cluster 1 and the cluster center of cluster 2 is less than the preset center distance. The calculation formula is:

[0134] <

[0135] Where: is the cluster center of cluster 1; is the cluster center of cluster 2; The preset center distance is selected according to the data situation, and is generally 3 times the average of the standard deviations of the two clusters;

[0136] If yes, it means that all the spectral data in this time period are spectral data without coal flow or spectral data with coal flow, then cluster 1 and cluster 2 are merged into a single cluster.

[0137] As an optional embodiment, after the step of using cluster screening to divide the n pieces of relative spectral data into cluster 1 and cluster 2, each judgment further includes the following steps: determining whether the number of data in cluster 1 and cluster 2 is less than a preset number (for example, less than 10% of the total number of data), and if the number of data in either cluster 1 or cluster 2 is less than the preset number, merging cluster 1 and cluster 2 into a single cluster.

[0138] As an optional embodiment, after using cluster screening to group the n pieces of relative spectral data into clusters 1 and 2, each determination further includes the following steps: spectral data from clusters 1 and 2 whose intensities exceed a preset range. For cluster 2 (i.e., spectral data with coal flow), spectral data with excessively low intensities (possibly due to low coal flow or lack of proximity to the equipment) is directly discarded without further processing. For cluster 1 (i.e., spectral data without coal flow), spectral data with excessively high intensities (possibly due to residual coal flow from empty detection) is directly discarded without further processing.

[0139] The step of removing the spectral data with intensities exceeding the preset range from cluster 1 and cluster 2 specifically includes: calculating the standard deviation σ1 of cluster 1 and the standard deviation σ2 of cluster 2 respectively, using the following calculation formulas:

[0140]

[0141] Where: j = 1, 2; is the total number of samples in the jth cluster; For the data values; is the sample mean of the jth cluster;

[0142] Eliminate excess ±1.5 The spectral data of is taken as outliers. After removing the outliers, the stable concentrated data is obtained as the final cluster spectral data.

[0143] In summary, the fluorescence detection provided in this embodiment adopts a rolling judgment method, and a judgment is performed every preset time period to ensure that no detection is missed. In each judgment, the K-means clustering algorithm is first used to divide the collected spectral data into two clusters; if the distance between the cluster centers of the two clusters is less than the preset center distance, it means that both clusters of data are spectral data without coal flow or spectral data with coal flow, then the two clusters are merged into one cluster for calculation to obtain a spectral graph without coal flow or a spectral graph with coal flow; if the distance between the cluster centers of the two clusters is greater than the preset center distance, then the two clusters of data are spectral data without coal flow and spectral data with coal flow, respectively, and the two clusters are calculated separately to obtain spectral graphs without coal flow and spectral graphs with coal flow, respectively. In addition, before calculating cluster one, the spectral data with excessive intensity in cluster one is eliminated, and before calculating cluster two, the spectral data with excessive intensity in cluster two is eliminated, so as to obtain stable and concentrated data as the final cluster spectral data.

[0144] Furthermore, the X-ray ash edge detection process provided in the present application also includes: the spectral characteristics include coal flow spectral characteristics and non-coal flow spectral characteristics, and the intensity change amplitude of the set element (such as Si) in the coal-free flow spectral characteristics obtained each time is calculated. If the intensity change amplitude exceeds the set threshold, it is determined that the detector window is dirty; wherein, the set element is the element contained in the sample.

[0145] During the production process, equipment may encounter various problems, with detector window contamination being a common problem. There are two main causes of detector window contamination: gradual contamination, typically caused by the accumulation of fly ash during production, and sudden coal adhesion. Both of these situations can cause changes in the coal element signature in the coal-free flow spectral signature. For example, when the detector window is free of any coal sample, the silicon intensity in the coal-free flow spectral signature is the initial value. As more coal sample is deposited on the detector window, the silicon intensity in the coal-free flow spectral signature increases due to the influence of the coal sample. Therefore, the coal signature in the coal-free flow spectral signature can be analyzed to determine whether the beryllium window is contaminated. Specifically, the silicon intensity in the coal-free flow spectral signature is extracted and compared with historical data (which can be the initial intensity value). If the change in silicon intensity exceeds a set threshold, the detector window is deemed to be contaminated to a certain extent. Once the beryllium window is detected as contaminated to a certain extent, the system will immediately issue an alarm, prompting personnel to address the issue promptly. The system can also automatically issue a command to clean the detector window, quickly restoring normal equipment operation and ensuring the accuracy of subsequent spectral acquisitions.

[0146] To sum up, the X-ray ash edge detection process that this application wants to protect is the original creation of our company's R&D team after years of research and development. Neither the types of factors affecting the repeatability error accuracy nor the corresponding parameters can be obtained through simple experiments, so this technology is in a leading position in the industry; therefore, the innovative X-ray ash edge detection process uses the above process to make the sample form a sample with specified particle size, morphology, humidity and temperature, so that the detector can perform close-range detection of the sample, and in the detection process, the spectral characteristics of the sample obtained each time are used to reversely infer the current distance between the detector window and the top surface of the sample, thereby ensuring that the distance between the detector window and the top surface of the sample meets the detection requirements, and the repeatability error accuracy of the test results of the sample component content is controlled within ±0.25%, which greatly improves the accuracy and stability of the test results.

[0147] To achieve the above process, the present invention also provides an X-ray ash edge detection system, referring to Figure 2 The X-ray ash edge detection system includes a sampling and crushing device 1, a detection belt 3, a shaping device 4, a morphology detection device 5 and a fluorescence detection device 7, wherein: the sampling and crushing device 1 is used to collect samples and crush the samples; the detection belt 3 is used to receive the samples output from the sampling and crushing device 1 and transport the samples to the shaping device 4, the morphology detection device 5 and the fluorescence detection device 7 in sequence; the shaping device 4 is used to shape the sample into a set shape; the morphology detection device 5 includes a camera 51 and / or a ranging sensor 52 mounted above the detection belt 3; the fluorescence detection device 7 is used to perform fluorescence detection on the sample.

[0148] Furthermore, the sampling and crushing device 1 includes a primary processing module 11 for performing a primary crushing process on the sample and a secondary processing module 12 for performing a secondary crushing process on the sample, wherein:

[0149] The primary processing module 11 includes a primary full-section sampling head 111, a primary crusher 112, a belt feeder 113 and a primary automatic reducer 114, which are arranged in sequence;

[0150] And / or, the secondary processing module 12 is sequentially provided with a secondary sampling belt 121, a secondary full-section sampling head 122, a secondary automatic reducer 123, a dryer 124, a secondary crusher 125 and a vibrating screen 126.

[0151] The working process of the above-mentioned first-level processing module 11 is: when sampling starts, the first-level full-section sampling head 111 collects samples from the main belt according to the full-section of the material flow, and the collected samples enter the first-level crusher 112 along the chute, and the first-level crusher 112 crushes the samples to less than 13 mm; after the samples are discharged from the first-level crusher 112, they fall into the belt feeder 113, and the belt feeder 113 sends the samples to the first-level automatic reducer 114, which reduces the samples to 5 kg ± 0.4 kg to form primary samples.

[0152] In this embodiment, the secondary processing module 12 further includes a bucket elevator 127 disposed between the secondary crusher 125 and the vibrating screen 126. The working process of the above-mentioned secondary processing module 12 is as follows: the primary sample after being reduced by the first-level automatic reducer 114 enters the secondary sampling belt 121, the secondary full-section sampling head 122 collects samples from the secondary sampling belt 121 according to the full section of the material flow, the sample enters the secondary automatic reducer 123 and is reduced to 3kg±0.2kg of material, then enters the dryer 124 for drying, and is fed into the secondary crusher 125. After crushing, the material falls into the vibrating screen 126 and is screened according to the standard particle size of 3mm; the fine particle sample particles screened by the vibrating screen 126 fall into the next process, and the coarse particle sample on the vibrating screen 126 falls into the bucket elevator 127 and returns to the secondary crusher 125 for further crushing.

[0153] Optionally, the number of primary crushers 112 and secondary crushers 125 can be one or more, respectively. The specific number is determined based on the desired discharge particle size. The crushers can be cone crushers, double-roll crushers, jaw crushers, double-roll crushers, or other types of crushers, and can be used singly or in combination to achieve the desired discharge particle size.

[0154] Alternatively, the drying machine 124 can be a microwave hot air drying machine, which dries the sample by combining microwave drying and hot air drying to ensure that the material remains dry. In addition, the drying machine 124 can also be a vacuum freezing device.

[0155] Furthermore, the X-ray ash edge detection system also includes a cleaning mechanism. Before each sampling operation of the secondary processing module 12 begins, the cleaning mechanism first purges the secondary processing module 12 with high-pressure air. Specifically, the cleaning mechanism includes a linear cylinder and a high-pressure air pipe. The linear cylinder drives the high-pressure air pipe to reciprocate to spray the interior of the dryer 124, the secondary crusher 125, the vibrating screen 126, and the bucket elevator 127 to disperse contaminated material powder. At the same time, the dust removal fan is activated to discharge dust, ensuring that the secondary processing module 12 is not contaminated by the previous batch of materials. In a specific embodiment, the purge pressure is 0.5-1 MPa, and the blowing time is 40 seconds.

[0156] Furthermore, the X-ray ash edge detection system also includes a cooling device 2 arranged between the sampling and crushing device 1 and the detection belt 3. The cooling device 2 includes a constant volume silo 21, a heat dissipation mechanism, a temperature sensor and a level meter, wherein: the constant volume silo 21 is used to receive the sample output from the sampling and crushing device 1 and transport the sample to the detection belt 3; the heat dissipation mechanism is used to dissipate heat from the interior of the constant volume silo 21; the temperature sensor is used to detect the internal temperature of the constant volume silo 21; and the level meter is used to detect the material level of the constant volume silo 21.

[0157] Specifically, the heat dissipation mechanism includes at least one heat dissipation pipe and a heat dissipation fan, wherein: the heat dissipation pipe is inserted horizontally into the constant volume silo 21; the heat dissipation fan can blow air into the constant volume silo 21 to dissipate heat. Taking the number of heat dissipation pipes as eight as an example, every four heat dissipation pipes form a layer, and the four heat dissipation pipes in each layer are distributed at 90 degrees along the center of the constant volume silo 21, and the spacing between the upper and lower layers of heat dissipation pipes is 5 cm. Fins are provided on the periphery of the heat dissipation pipe to increase the contact area with the cold air and improve the heat dissipation effect. A plurality of (for example, three) temperature sensors are evenly arranged on the outer circumference of the silo wall of the constant volume silo 21, and at least one temperature sensor is respectively arranged on the upper and lower sides of the silo center of the constant volume silo 21. The material level meter is installed on the top of the constant volume silo 21 to detect whether the constant volume silo 21 is full of material.

[0158] Furthermore, the cooling device 2 further includes a material distribution mechanism 22, which is located below the constant volume silo 21 and includes an electrically controlled gate, a flexible chute, and at least one pair of squeezing rollers, wherein:

[0159] The electric-controlled gate is provided at the outlet of the constant volume silo 21;

[0160] The flexible chute extends from the outlet of the constant volume silo 21 to the detection belt 3;

[0161] Each pair of squeezing rollers includes two squeezing rollers respectively arranged on both sides of the flexible chute.

[0162] The working principle of the material discharging mechanism 22 is as follows: the electrically controlled gate opens to discharge the material after the constant volume silo 21 is full, and the material falls vertically into the flexible chute from the outlet of the constant volume silo 21; during the discharging process, the squeezing roller moves up and down along the flexible chute and squeezes the material in the flexible chute, preventing the internal material from being blocked by the deformation of the flexible chute.

[0163] In other embodiments, the combined structure of the flexible chute and the squeezing roller may be replaced by a combined structure of the rigid chute and the vibration motor, which can also prevent the material inside the chute from being blocked.

[0164] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 The shaping device 4 includes at least one shaping roller 41 positioned above the detection belt 3. If there are multiple shaping rollers 41, they are arranged sequentially along the direction of movement of the detection belt 3. As the sample is conveyed by the detection belt 3, it passes through the at least one shaping roller 41, forming a sample stream with a thickness of at least 2 cm and a length of at least 30 cm.

[0165] Based on the above structure, a roughly trapezoidal or rectangular shaping opening 42 is formed between the detection belt 3 and the shaping roller 41. There are multiple shaping rollers 41, so that multiple shaping openings 42 are formed above the detection belt 3, and the areas of the multiple shaping openings 42 tend to decrease along the conveying direction of the detection belt 3.

[0166] and / or, the shaping device 4 further includes a shaping roller driving source 44 for driving the shaping roller 41 to rotate;

[0167] And / or, the shaping device 4 further includes a brush 43 arranged above the shaping roller 41 .

[0168] In this embodiment, two shaping rollers 41 are positioned above the detection belt 3 along its direction of travel, forming two shaping openings 42 above the detection belt 3. The shaping rollers 41 are generally V-shaped, and the shaping opening 42 formed by the shaping rollers 41 and the detection belt 3 is generally trapezoidal. Each shaping roller 41 is driven by an independent shaping roller drive source 44 (e.g., a motor). A brush 43 is positioned above each shaping roller 41 to sweep away any material that may have adhered to it.

[0169] In other embodiments, the shaping roller 41 may also be a driven roller, or the shaping roller 41 may also be replaced by a trowel.

[0170] Reference Figure 5, the morphology detection device 5 includes a camera 51, a distance sensor 52 and a light source 53, wherein: the camera 51 and the distance sensor 52 are vertically mounted above the detection belt 3, and the distance between the two and the shaped sample flow is approximately 30 cm; the number of light sources 53 can be three, respectively arranged on the top and both sides of the detection belt 3 to illuminate the top and both sides of the sample flow. Optionally, the light sources 53 on both sides are at an angle of 45° to the moisture surface. It should be noted that the camera 51, the distance sensor 52 and the light source 53 are not limited to the above-mentioned settings. For example, the camera 51 can also take oblique shots of the sample flow on the detection belt 3; the number of light sources 53 can also be one or more.

[0171] Reference Figure 9 The fluorescence detection device 7 includes a main structure 71, an X-ray fluorescence instrument and a protective baffle 72, wherein: the main structure 71 is installed above the detection belt 3; the X-ray fluorescence instrument is installed in the main structure 71, and a through hole is provided on the main structure 71, through which the detector of the X-ray fluorescence instrument detects the sample on the detection belt 3; the protective baffle 72 has a V-shaped structure and is installed on the side of the main structure 71 where the material flow comes in. The tip surface of the protective baffle 72 is used to scrape off samples that exceed the standard layer height to prevent damage to the detection probe of the X-ray fluorescence instrument.

[0172] In order to further control the thickness of the sample material flow passing through the main structure 71, the fluorescence detection device 7 can also include a ranging sensor, which is installed on the side of the main structure 71 where the material flow comes in, and is used to detect the thickness of the sample material flow.

[0173] On the basis of the above structure, a concave structure is provided on the bottom surface of the main structure 71 , and a through hole is opened in the concave structure. The X-ray fluorescence instrument detects the sample on the detection belt 3 through the through hole in the concave structure.

[0174] When the fluorescence detection device 7 is in use, as the sample passes through the main structure 71 under the transport of the detection belt 3, the protective baffle 72 can push away samples on the detection belt 3 that exceed the standard layer height; because the height of the sample passing through the X-ray fluorescence instrument is strictly controlled, the distance between the detector window of the X-ray fluorescence instrument and the sample on the detection belt 3 can be shortened. In addition, the bottom surface of the main structure 71 can further smooth the sample on the detection belt 3, thereby further improving the detection accuracy. A recessed structure is provided on the bottom surface of the main structure 71, and a through hole is opened in the recessed structure. In this way, a gap is generated between the recessed structure and the surface of the sample, thereby preventing the sample from entering the main structure 71 through the through hole in the recessed structure and damaging the detector.

[0175] Furthermore, the fluorescence detection device 7 includes a support arm 73. The upper end of the support arm 73 is pivotally connected to the external frame, and the lower end of the support arm 73 is pivotally connected to the main structure 71. The main structure 71 is mounted above the detection belt 3 via the support arm 73. Because the support arm 73 is pivotally connected to both the external frame and the main structure 71, it provides a buffering effect when the detection belt 3 passes, preventing damage to the X-ray fluorescence detector within the main structure 71. Furthermore, the length of the support arm 73 is adjustable, allowing the distance between the X-ray fluorescence detector's detection probe and the sample to be adjusted and maintained constant, thereby improving the detection accuracy of the X-ray fluorescence detector.

[0176] Continue to refer to Figure 2 The X-ray ash content detection further includes a discarding device 6 disposed between the morphology detection device 5 and the fluorescence detection device 7 , and the discarding device 6 is used to push samples that do not meet the detection standards laterally off the detection belt 3 .

[0177] Specifically, refer to Figure 10 The discarding device 6 includes a linear drive source 61, a roller brush 62, and a waste chute 63, wherein: the linear drive source 61 is used to drive the roller brush 62 to move laterally above the detection belt 3; the waste chute 63 is arranged below one side of the detection belt 3, so that the roller brush 62 pushes the sample on the detection belt 3 into the waste chute 63 during the lateral movement. Optionally, the linear drive source 61 is specifically a cylinder. The cylinder body of the cylinder is fixed to one side of the detection belt 3, and the waste chute 63 is located on the side of the detection belt 3 away from the cylinder body of the cylinder. The roller brush 62 is connected to the end of the piston rod of the cylinder through a connecting frame.

[0178] On the basis of the above structure, the discarding device 6 further includes a rotation drive source (not shown in the figure), which can be a motor. The body of the rotation drive source is fixedly mounted on the connecting frame, and the output shaft of the rotation drive source is connected to the roller brush 62 to drive the roller brush 62 to rotate during the lateral movement. Figure 9 As shown, during the lateral movement of the roller brush 62, the rotary drive source drives the roller brush 62 to rotate clockwise to clean the sample on the detection belt 3. In a specific embodiment, the rotation speed of the roller brush 62 is 20 r / s, and the discarding device 6 is arranged 30 cm downstream of the morphology detection device 5.

[0179] If the material flow detection fails, the roller brush 62 and the baffle plate are pushed out by the linear drive source 61 and move horizontally above the detection belt 3. At the same time, the roller brush 62 rotates to clean the material, and the baffle plate guides the waste material to the waste chute 63 for discharge. The roller brush 62 can reciprocate multiple times and rotate to clean the remaining material into the waste chute 63.

[0180] In summary, the system for implementing an X-ray ash edge detection process provided in this embodiment includes a sampling and crushing device 1, a cooling device 2, a detection belt 3, a shaping device 4, a morphology detection device 5, a discarding device 6, a fluorescence detection device 7, a moisture detection device 8, and a temperature detection device 9. The sampling and crushing device 1 is used to collect and crush samples; the discharge port of the sampling and crushing device 1 is located above the feed port of the cooling device 2, which is also located above the detection belt 3; the cooling device 2, the shaping device 4, the morphology detection device 5, the discarding device 6, the fluorescence detection device 7, the moisture detection device 8, and the temperature detection device 9 are sequentially arranged along the conveying direction of the detection belt 3. The shaping device 4, the morphology detection device 5, and the discarding device 6 ensure that the sample conveyed to the fluorescence detection device 7 meets the requirements for particle size, morphology, humidity, and temperature, enabling the detector to perform close-range (0-5 mm) detection of the sample and controlling the repeatability error of the sample component content detection results to within ±0.4%, significantly improving the accuracy and stability of the detection results.

[0181] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the above embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An X-ray ash edge detection process, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Collect samples and crush them to a preset particle size; Reshape the crushed samples; Perform morphological testing on the reshaped samples to determine whether the reshaped samples meet the testing standards; Samples meeting the test criteria are transported to the bottom of the detector window for fluorescence detection to obtain spectral characteristics, and the ash content test results of the samples are calculated based on the spectral characteristics, wherein the detector window is parallel to the top surface of the sample, and the distance between the detector window and the top surface of the sample is 0-5mm. The repeatability error accuracy of the obtained ash content test results is within ±0.4%; Establishing a distance monitoring model based on the mapping relationship between the distance between the detector window and the top surface of the sample and the spectral characteristics; inputting the obtained spectral characteristics of the sample into the distance monitoring model to calculate the current distance between the detector window and the top surface of the sample; The fluorescence detection adopts a rolling judgment method, and a judgment is performed every preset time period. Each judgment includes the following steps: During a preset time period, the detector is controlled to collect spectral data once at a set time interval, and a total of n spectral data are collected, where n is greater than or equal to 2; Normalizing each piece of spectral data to obtain n pieces of relative spectral data; Using cluster screening to divide the n pieces of relative spectrum data into cluster one and cluster two; Calculation is performed on cluster one and cluster two to obtain spectral features with coal flow and / or spectral features without coal flow.

2. The X-ray ash edge detection process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preset particle size is less than or equal to 3 mm.

3. The X-ray ash edge detection process according to claim 2, characterized in that: The distance between the detector window and the top surface of the sample is 2 mm ± 0.15 mm, so that the repeatability error accuracy is within ± 0.25%.

4. The X-ray ash edge detection process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of shaping the crushed sample specifically comprises: The sample is shaped by a shaping device to shape the top surface of the sample into a plane, and the thickness of the shaped sample stream is at least 2 cm and the length is at least 30 cm.

5. The X-ray ash edge detection process according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cross section of the sample stream is trapezoidal, with an upper cross section width of 3 cm and a lower cross section width of 7 cm.

6. The X-ray ash edge detection process according to claim 4, characterized in that: The shaping device includes a shaping roller that cooperates with the detection belt, and the steps of shaping the sample using the shaping device specifically include: The crushed sample is sent to the detection belt, and the moving belt speed of the detection belt is 5mm / s±0.2mm / s; At least one shaping roller is provided above the detection belt along its moving direction, and the sample passes through the at least one shaping roller in sequence under the conveyance of the detection belt.

7. The X-ray ash edge detection process according to claim 6, characterized in that: A substantially trapezoidal or rectangular shaping opening is formed between the detection belt and the shaping roller. There are multiple shaping rollers, thereby forming multiple shaping openings above the detection belt, and the areas of the multiple shaping openings tend to decrease along the conveying direction of the detection belt. And / or, the shaping roller is an active roller, and the rotation speed of the shaping roller is 4r / s; and / or, a brush is arranged above the shaping roller, and the brush sweeps away the sample stained on the shaping roller during the rotation of the shaping roller.

8. The X-ray ash edge detection process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of performing morphological detection on the shaped sample specifically includes: The sample material flow passes through the morphology detection camera stably at a preset moving belt speed, and the morphology detection camera detects at least one feature of the sample's width, height, and top hole area.

9. The X-ray ash edge detection process according to claim 8, characterized in that: The step of detecting at least one feature of the sample's width, height, and top hole area by the morphology detection camera includes: acquiring an image of the sample and performing recognition analysis on the image and / or detecting the height of the sample; Samples that do not meet the test standards include: the width error of the sample is greater than or equal to ±5mm; and / or the height error of the sample is greater than or equal to ±1mm; and / or there are holes with a diameter greater than or equal to 2mm on the top surface of the sample; and / or there are missing parts in the sample and the area of ​​the missing parts accounts for greater than or equal to 3%.

10. The X-ray ash edge detection process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of transporting the sample meeting the detection standard to the bottom of the detector window for detection specifically includes: The sample is tested using a fluorescence detection device, which includes a main structure, a support arm, an X-ray fluorescence instrument, and a protective baffle, wherein: The upper end of the support arm is rotatably connected to the external frame, the lower end of the support arm is rotatably connected to the main structure, and the length of the support arm is adjustable. The main structure is installed above the detection belt through the support arm; The X-ray fluorescence instrument is installed in the main structure. The main structure is provided with a through hole. The detector of the X-ray fluorescence instrument detects the sample on the detection belt through the through hole. The protective baffle is in a V-shaped structure and is installed on the side of the main structure where the material flow comes in. The tip surface of the protective baffle is used to scrape off samples that exceed the standard layer height.

11. The X-ray ash edge detection process according to claim 1, characterized in that: After the step of dividing the n pieces of relative spectrum data into cluster 1 and cluster 2 by cluster screening, each judgment further includes the following steps: Determine whether the distance between the cluster center of cluster 1 and the cluster center of cluster 2 is less than the preset center distance. If so, merge cluster 1 and cluster 2 into a single cluster. and / or, determining whether the number of data in cluster 1 and cluster 2 is less than a preset number respectively; if the number of data in either cluster 1 or cluster 2 is less than the preset number, merging cluster 1 and cluster 2 into a single cluster; And / or, spectral data with intensities exceeding a preset range in cluster 1 and cluster 2 are respectively eliminated.

12. The X-ray ash edge detection process according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that: Also includes: The spectral characteristics include spectral characteristics with coal flow and spectral characteristics without coal flow. The intensity change amplitude of the set element in the spectral characteristics without coal flow obtained each time is calculated. If the intensity change amplitude exceeds the set threshold, it is determined that the detector window is dirty; wherein, the set element is the element contained in the sample.

Images