Device for measuring distance and speed and distinguishing running direction of tower pumping unit

Abstract

The invention discloses a device for measuring distance and speed and distinguishing the running direction of a tower pumping unit. The device comprises a control system and a pumping unit motor, a symmetrical fluted disc and an asymmetric fluted disc are fixedly installed on the shaft diameter of a synchronizing shaft at intervals, a proximity switch I is arranged above the tooth crest of the symmetrical fluted disc, and a proximity switch II is arranged above the tooth crest of the asymmetric fluted disc; the tooth width of the symmetric fluted disc is equal to that of the asymmetric fluted disc; the synchronizing shaft is driven by a pumping unit motor to rotate; teeth of the symmetrical fluted disc are uniformly distributed along the circumference at equal tooth width and equal interval, and the number of the teeth is N1; teeth of the asymmetric fluted disc are periodically and uniformly distributed along the circumference at equal tooth width and different intervals, and the number of the teeth is N2; n1 is greater than N2. The device has the beneficial effects that the design is reasonable, the structure is simple, the reliability is high, the distance, the speed and the running direction in the running process of the tower pumping unit can be measured and judged, and an accurate signal is provided for a pumping unit control system; and the maintenance time is reduced, and the effective working time of the oil pumping unit is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a device for measuring distance, speed and running direction, in particular to a device for measuring distance, speed and running direction of a tower pumping unit, belonging to the technical field of oil and gas development. Background Art

[0002] In the process of oil and gas field development, the application scale of tower pumping units has been increasing year by year due to its advantages of long stroke, low stroke frequency, convenient stroke frequency adjustment, and good energy saving effect. One end of the belt of the tower pumping unit is connected to the suspension rope or balance weight box on the light rod by passing through the sheave, and the other end is connected to the drum. The motor drives the drum to rotate after being decelerated by the reducer, and the pumping unit is realized by the forward and reverse conversion of the motor. At present, incremental encoders or rotary transformer sensors are usually installed on the shaft of the motor or the drum to collect and calculate the speed, stroke and running direction of the pumping system. Since the pumping unit runs continuously throughout the year, the rotating parts of the encoder are difficult to maintain, and its rotating parts are easily damaged. In addition, its dustproof, oilproof and knockproof performance are not ideal in the harsh environment of the field; since the Z phase is a square wave signal, it is easy to be interfered with, resulting in inaccurate positioning, causing the system to shut down; at the same time, due to the high price of the rotary transformer and the supporting rotary transformer digital conversion module, it has also become a technical bottleneck restricting the development of this technology. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies in the existing tower pumping unit using incremental encoders or rotary transformer sensors in distance measurement, speed measurement and identification of running direction, the present invention provides a device for measuring distance, speed and identification of running direction of a tower pumping unit.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is: a device for measuring distance, speed and distinguishing the running direction of a tower pumping unit, including a control system, a pumping unit motor, a symmetrical gear disc and an asymmetrical gear disc fixedly installed on the shaft diameter of a synchronous shaft at intervals, a proximity switch I is arranged above the tooth top of the symmetrical gear disc, and a proximity switch II is arranged above the tooth top of the asymmetrical gear disc; the tooth widths of the symmetrical gear disc and the asymmetrical gear disc are equal; the synchronous shaft is driven to rotate by the pumping unit motor.

[0005] The teeth of the symmetrical toothed disc are evenly distributed along the circumference with equal tooth width and equal intervals, and the number of teeth is N. 1 The teeth of the asymmetric toothed disc are evenly distributed along the circumference with equal tooth width and different intervals, and the number of teeth is N 2 ; and N 1 >N 2 .

[0006] When the tooth top of the symmetrical toothed disk passes by proximity switch I, proximity switch I outputs a high level signal I; when the tooth root of the symmetrical toothed disk passes by proximity switch I, proximity switch I outputs a low level signal I. The rotation of the symmetrical toothed disk causes proximity switch I to generate a time signal with the same period or frequency.

[0007] The symmetrical toothed disc rotates so that the proximity switch I generates a continuous periodic signal M 1 , M 1 The time period is T=2t, where: t is the duration of the high level in the unit period, the frequency is f, and the motor speed n is calculated based on this, and the operating speed V and stroke S of the oil pump are calculated based on the reducer reduction ratio i and the average circumference C of the drum.

[0008] The teeth of the asymmetric toothed disc are distributed along the circumference in the following manner: 1 tooth spacing + 1 tooth + 1 tooth spacing + 1 tooth + n 2 Tooth spacing", where n 1 ≠n 2 ;n 1 、n 2 Take a positive integer greater than 1.

[0009] When the tooth top of the asymmetric toothed disc passes the proximity switch II, the proximity switch II outputs a high level signal II; when the tooth root of the asymmetric toothed disc passes the proximity switch II, the proximity switch II outputs a low level signal II; the rotation of the asymmetric toothed disc causes the proximity switch II to generate time signals of different periods or frequencies.

[0010] The time signal generated by "1 tooth + 1 tooth interval + 1 tooth" of the asymmetric toothed disc is the reference time pulse signal. The reference time pulse signal and the time signal M generated by the symmetrical toothed disc are 1 same.

[0011] Detect the time pulse signal of the proximity switch II, when the signal period is the reference time pulse signal M 1 And the next signal time period is (n 1 +1)t, the motor is judged to be rotating forward, and the balance weight box of the oil pump moves upward.

[0012] Detect the time pulse signal of the proximity switch II, when the signal period is the reference time pulse signal M 1 And the next signal time period is (n 2 +1)t, the motor is judged to be in reverse rotation, and the balance weight box of the oil pump moves downward.

[0013] The fluctuation value error of the time pulse signal is -5% to +5%.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are reasonable design, simple structure, high reliability, and the ability to measure and determine the distance, speed, and rotation direction of the tower pumping unit during operation, providing accurate signals for the pumping unit control system; it is not prone to failure, reduces maintenance time, and extends the effective working time of the pumping unit; it is low in cost and has the advantage of high cost performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the structure of a device for measuring distance, speed and distinguishing the running direction of a tower pumping unit.

[0016] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the symmetrical toothed disc structure of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the asymmetric toothed disc structure of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 4 The symmetrical toothed disc (N 1 =24) as a schematic diagram of a time pulse signal.

[0019] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the time pulse signal of the asymmetric toothed disc when the oil pumping unit of the present invention is running in the forward direction.

[0020] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the time pulse signal of the asymmetric toothed disc when the oil pumping unit of the present invention runs in reverse.

[0021] In the figure: 1. Proximity switch I, 2. Symmetrical gear disc, 3. Proximity switch II, 4. Asymmetric gear disc, 5. Synchronous shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. However, those skilled in the art should be aware that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments listed, and all embodiments should be included in the protection scope of the present invention as long as they conform to the spirit of the present invention.

[0023] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "vertical", "up", "down", "left", "right", "horizontal", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing or simplifying the description of the present invention, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0024] In the description of the present invention, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", and "connect" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, the connection can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection, a direct connection, an indirect connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection, an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or a connection between two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0025] See attached Figure 1 . The present invention discloses a device for measuring distance, speed and running direction of a tower pumping unit, comprising a control system, a pumping unit motor, a gear disc and a proximity switch. The symmetrical gear disc 2 and the asymmetrical gear disc 4 are fixedly installed on the shaft diameter of a synchronous shaft 5 at intervals, a proximity switch Ⅰ1 is arranged above the tooth top of the symmetrical gear disc 2, and a proximity switch Ⅱ3 is arranged above the tooth top of the asymmetrical gear disc 4; the synchronous shaft 5 is driven to rotate by the pumping unit motor (not shown in the figure), and preferably, the synchronous shaft 5 is coaxial with the pumping unit motor, or the synchronous shaft 5 is coaxial with the pumping unit belt roller (not shown in the figure).

[0026] See attached Figure 2 , 3 The tooth widths of the symmetrical toothed disc 2 and the asymmetrical toothed disc 4 are equal. The teeth of the symmetrical toothed disc 2 are evenly distributed along the circumference with equal tooth widths and equal intervals, and the number of teeth is N. 1 The teeth of the asymmetric toothed disc 4 are evenly distributed along the circumference with equal tooth width and different intervals, and the number of teeth is N 2 ; and N 1 >N 2 .

[0027] Further, when the tooth top of the symmetrical toothed disc 2 passes the proximity switch Ⅰ1, the proximity switch Ⅰ1 outputs a high level signal Ⅰ; when the tooth root of the symmetrical toothed disc 2 passes the proximity switch Ⅰ1, the proximity switch Ⅰ1 outputs a low level signal Ⅰ (see attached Figure 4 ).

[0028] The rotation of the symmetrical toothed disc 2 causes the proximity switch Ⅰ1 to generate a continuous periodic time signal M 1 , signal M 1 The time period is T=2t, where: t is the duration of the high level in the unit period, the frequency is f, and the motor speed n is calculated based on this, and the operating speed V and stroke S of the oil pump are calculated based on the reducer reduction ratio i and the average circumference C of the drum.

[0029] The calculation method is as follows:

[0030] n=60×(f / N 1 ) (1)

[0031] Where: n——motor speed, rpm

[0032] f——Signal M 1 Frequency, Hz

[0033] N 1 ——Number of teeth on symmetrical toothed disc,

[0034] V=C×n / i / 60 (2)

[0035] Where: V——Oil pumping unit operating speed, m / s

[0036] C——Average circumference of the drum, m

[0037] i——reduction ratio of reducer

[0038] S=C×M 1 / N 1 / i (3)

[0039] Where: S——Oil pumping unit operating stroke, m

[0040] M 1 ——Total number of pulses per stroke,

[0041] The teeth of the asymmetric toothed disc 4 are distributed along the circumference in the following manner: 1 tooth spacing + 1 tooth + 1 tooth spacing + 1 tooth + n 2 Tooth spacing", where n 1 ≠n 2 ;n 1 、n 2 Take a positive integer greater than 1; Figure 3 As shown, N 2 =12, n 1 =5, n 2 =3.

[0042] When the tooth top of the asymmetric toothed disc 4 passes the proximity switch II3, the proximity switch II3 outputs a high level signal II; when the tooth root of the asymmetric toothed disc 4 passes the proximity switch II3, the proximity switch II3 outputs a low level signal II; the rotation of the asymmetric toothed disc 4 causes the proximity switch II3 to generate a periodic time signal.

[0043] The time signal generated by "1 tooth + 1 tooth interval + 1 tooth" of the asymmetric toothed disc 4 is a reference time pulse signal. The reference time pulse signal is the same as the time signal M generated by the symmetric toothed disc 2. 1 Same (if attached Figure 5 , Attachment Figure 6 shown).

[0044] Detect the time pulse signal of the proximity switch II3, when the signal period is the reference time pulse signal M1 And the next signal time period is (n 1 +1)t, the motor is judged to be in forward rotation, and the balance weight box of the pumping unit moves upward, that is, the pumping unit is in forward operation (such as the attached Figure 5 shown).

[0045] Detect the time pulse signal of the proximity switch II3, when the signal period is the reference time pulse signal M 1 And the next signal time period is (n 2 +1)t, the motor is judged to be in reverse operation, the balance weight box moves downward, and the pumping unit is in reverse operation (such as the attached Figure 6 shown).

[0046] The error of the fluctuation value of the time pulse signal is -5% to +5%, which is mainly due to the machining error existing in the symmetrical toothed disc 2 and the asymmetrical toothed disc 4.

[0047] The working principle of the device for measuring distance, speed and distinguishing running direction of the tower pumping unit of the present invention is as follows: the device for measuring distance, speed and distinguishing running direction is installed at the non-shaft extension end of the motor of the tower pumping unit, and the teeth of the symmetrical toothed disk are evenly distributed along the circumference with equal tooth width and equal intervals, and the number of teeth is N. 1 The teeth of the asymmetric gear disk are evenly distributed along the circumference with equal tooth width and different intervals. The tooth width is the same as that of the symmetrical gear disk. The number of teeth is N. 2 , N 2 <N 1 ; The distribution pattern of asymmetric gear disc is "1 tooth + n 1 tooth spacing + 1 tooth + 1 tooth spacing + 1 tooth + n 2 Tooth spacing", where n 1 ≠n 2 , n 1 、n 2 Take a positive integer greater than 1.

[0048] When the device is running, the motor rotates to drive the gear disc to move synchronously. When the top of the gear disc passes the proximity switch, the proximity switch outputs a high-level signal; when the root of the gear disc passes the proximity switch, the proximity switch outputs a low-level signal. When the synchronous shaft rotates, the proximity switch will generate time signals of different periods, which are transmitted to the control system to calculate the motor speed, the tower pumping unit operating speed and stroke, and identify the operating direction of the pumping unit.

[0049] The invention has a simple structure and high reliability, and can effectively solve the problem of high encoder damage rate; it has a low price, can save costs for users, and promotes its popularization and application in the field of oil and gas field development.

[0050] It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments illustrate rather than limit the invention, and that those skilled in the art will be able to design many alternative embodiments without departing from the scope of the claims of this patent.

Claims

1. A device for measuring distance, speed and running direction of a tower pumping unit, comprising a control system, a pumping unit motor, Its characteristics are: The symmetrical toothed disc and the asymmetrical toothed disc are fixedly installed on the shaft diameter of the synchronous shaft at intervals. A proximity switch I is arranged above the tooth top of the symmetrical toothed disc, and a proximity switch II is arranged above the tooth top of the asymmetrical toothed disc. The tooth widths of the symmetrical toothed disc and the asymmetrical toothed disc are equal. The synchronous shaft is driven to rotate by the pumping unit motor.

2. The device for measuring distance, speed and running direction of a tower pumping unit according to claim 1, Its characteristics are: The teeth of the symmetrical toothed disc are evenly distributed along the circumference with equal tooth width and equal intervals, and the number of teeth is N. 1 ; The teeth of the asymmetric gear disk are evenly distributed along the circumference with equal tooth width and different intervals. The number of teeth is N 2 ; and N 1 >N 2 .

3. The device for measuring distance, speed and running direction of a tower pumping unit according to claim 2, Its characteristics are: When the tooth top of the symmetrical toothed disc passes through proximity switch I, proximity switch I outputs a high level signal I; When the tooth root of the symmetrical toothed disc passes the proximity switch I, the proximity switch I outputs a low level signal I, and the rotation of the symmetrical toothed disc causes the proximity switch I to generate a time signal with the same period or frequency.

4. The device for measuring distance, speed and running direction of a tower pumping unit according to claim 3, Its characteristics are: The symmetrical toothed disc rotates so that the proximity switch I generates a continuous periodic signal M 1 , M 1 The time period is T=2t, where: t is the duration of the high level in the unit period, the frequency is f, and the motor speed n is calculated based on this, and the operating speed V and stroke S of the oil pump are calculated based on the reducer reduction ratio i and the average circumference C of the drum.

5. A device for measuring distance, speed and running direction of a tower pumping unit according to any one of claims 1 to 4, Its characteristics are: The teeth of the asymmetric toothed disc are distributed along the circumference in the following manner: 1 tooth spacing + 1 tooth + 1 tooth spacing + 1 tooth + n 2 Tooth spacing", where n 1 ≠n 2 ;n 1 、n 2 Take a positive integer greater than 1.

6. The device for measuring distance, speed and running direction of a tower pumping unit according to claim 5, Its characteristics are: When the tooth top of the asymmetric toothed disc passes the proximity switch II, the proximity switch II outputs a high level signal II; when the tooth root of the asymmetric toothed disc passes the proximity switch II, the proximity switch II outputs a low level signal II; the rotation of the asymmetric toothed disc causes the proximity switch II to generate time signals of different periods or frequencies.

7. The device for measuring distance, speed and running direction of a tower pumping unit according to claim 6, Its characteristics are: The time signal generated by "1 tooth + 1 tooth interval + 1 tooth" of the asymmetric toothed disc is the reference time pulse signal. The reference time pulse signal and the time signal M generated by the symmetrical toothed disc are 1 same.

8. The device for measuring distance, speed and running direction of a tower pumping unit according to claim 7, Its characteristics are: Detect the time pulse signal of the proximity switch II, when the signal period is the reference time pulse signal M 1 And the next signal time period is (n 1 +1)t, the motor is judged to be rotating forward, and the balance weight box of the oil pump moves upward.

9. The device for measuring distance, speed and running direction of a tower pumping unit according to claim 8, Its characteristics are: Detect the time pulse signal of the proximity switch II, when the signal period is the reference time pulse signal M 1 And the next signal time period is (n 2 +1)t, the motor is judged to be in reverse rotation, and the balance weight box of the oil pump moves downward.

10. The device for measuring distance, speed and running direction of a tower pumping unit according to claim 9, Its characteristics are: The fluctuation value error of the time pulse signal is -5% to +5%.

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