Non-contact acceleration sensor based on friction nanometer generator

Abstract

The invention provides a non-contact acceleration sensor based on a friction nano-generator. The non-contact acceleration sensor comprises a thin film layer which plays a sensing role; a mass sheet for increasing the contact separation force between the thin film layer and the silica gel sheet is arranged above the thin film layer, and the thin film layer is fixed on the surface of the mass sheet; a four-corner silica gel sheet is arranged above the quality sheet, and the thin film layer and the quality sheet are fixed in the center of the four-corner silica gel sheet; four corners of the four-corner silica gel sheet are respectively fixed on the support frame; a dielectric layer for generating inductive charges is arranged below the thin film layer; the dielectric layer is embedded in the dielectric groove; a supporting base is arranged below the dielectric layer; the supporting base is used for bearing the dielectric layer; a dielectric groove for storing the dielectric layer is formed in the supporting base; the edge of the dielectric groove is in close contact with the edge of the dielectric layer; protrusions are arranged at the four corners of the supporting base. By optimizing the structure, especially the multi-dimensional design of the dielectric layer, the acceleration change can be sensed in multiple directions, and the space sensing capability is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of friction nanogenerator power generation, and in particular to a non-contact acceleration sensor based on a friction nanogenerator. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of smart devices and automation systems, the application demand for various types of acceleration sensors in industrial monitoring, smart cars, wearable devices, aerospace, and robotics is growing. However, although traditional acceleration sensors (such as capacitive, piezoelectric, thermocouple, etc.) have excellent performance, they still have some limitations, including the following:

[0003] (1) Traditional accelerometers usually rely on batteries or external power supplies and require continuous power supply to ensure long-term operation. This creates a major barrier to use in some unattended or difficult-to-maintain application scenarios.

[0004] (2) Some sensors have low accuracy when detecting extremely small vibrations or low-frequency acceleration changes and are easily interfered by environmental noise.

[0005] (3) Currently, many accelerometers are made of rigid materials, which are easily damaged in high impact or vibration environments, affecting their lifespan and performance stability;

[0006] (4) The manufacturing cost of high-precision acceleration sensors is high and requires complex processing technology, which limits their widespread application in consumer electronic products.

[0007] The friction nanogenerator is a new energy harvesting technology that uses the principles of friction electrification and electrostatic induction, and can efficiently convert low-frequency, low-amplitude mechanical energy into electrical energy. With the application of flexible electrode materials, TENG has a highly sensitive response capability to tiny disturbances in the external environment. Summary of the invention

[0008] According to the above-mentioned problems that traditional acceleration sensors rely on external power supply and have low accuracy, a non-contact acceleration sensor based on a friction nanogenerator is provided. The present invention uses friction electrification and electrostatic induction to generate electrical signals. When the object to be measured does not move, contact separation will not occur inside the power generation unit to generate induced charges; when the object to be measured generates acceleration, contact separation will occur inside the structural unit, generating vibration and induced charges at the same time, thereby driving the microscopic contact separation between the FEP film and the dielectric layer inside the unit. Due to the difference in electronegativity between the two, the negative friction charge generated on the dielectric layer can induce the internal positive charge carriers, and the electric field established between the surface and the interior of the dielectric layer can make the negative friction charge on the surface of the dielectric layer drift to the inside, thereby capturing the drifting friction charge. Therefore, continuous contact and separation can bring more friction charges to the dielectric layer, thereby generating enhanced electrical output. The dielectric layer is connected to the electrometer through a wire, and the electrical signal corresponding to the sensor vibration can be obtained through the labview host computer software. When the device stops vibrating, the sensor also recovers stability. Finally, the acceleration of the object can be obtained through the collected electrical signal.

[0009] The technical means adopted by the present invention are as follows:

[0010] A non-contact acceleration sensor based on a friction nanogenerator, comprising:

[0011] A thin film layer that plays a sensing role;

[0012] A quality sheet is provided above the film layer to increase the contact and separation force between the film layer and the silicone sheet, and the film layer is fixed on the surface of the quality sheet;

[0013] There are four-corner silicone sheets above the quality sheet, and the film layer and the quality sheet are fixed at the center of the four-corner silicone sheets;

[0014] The four corners of the four-corner silicone sheet are respectively fixed to the support frame;

[0015] A dielectric layer for generating induced charges is disposed below the thin film layer; the dielectric layer is embedded in the dielectric slot;

[0016] A support base is provided below the dielectric layer; the support base is used to support the dielectric layer; a dielectric slot for storing the dielectric layer is provided inside the support base;

[0017] The edge of the dielectric groove is in close contact with the edge of the dielectric layer;

[0018] The four corners of the support base are all provided with protrusions.

[0019] Furthermore, the film layer is a perfluoroethylene-propylene copolymer film.

[0020] Furthermore, the support frame and the support base are made of insulating material 3D printed PLA.

[0021] Furthermore, the dielectric layer is composed of a silicone mixed layer and a conductive sponge from top to bottom; wherein the silicone mixed layer includes a mixture of silicone and graphene; and the conductive sponge is completely embedded in the dielectric layer.

[0022] Furthermore, the four corners are all provided with protrusions of the same height.

[0023] Furthermore, the protrusions are used to separate the thin film layer and the dielectric layer, so that the gap formed by the protrusions makes the thin film layer and the dielectric layer a non-contact structure.

[0024] Furthermore, the film layer, the dielectric layer and the dielectric slot are all in the same shape.

[0025] Furthermore, the film layer, the dielectric layer and the dielectric slot are in a square shape.

[0026] Furthermore, the center of the mass piece coincides with the vibration center.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0028] The sensor designed by the present invention does not require an external power supply, can spontaneously generate an electrical signal (self-powered), and converts mechanical energy into electrical energy, thereby avoiding the battery dependence of traditional acceleration sensors.

[0029] Due to the high electronegativity of the silicone hybrid layer and the conductive sponge expanding the sensing area, the sensor can achieve high sensitivity and long-distance acceleration perception, which is obviously advantageous in high-speed motion detection or extremely small vibration changes. At the same time, its vibration frequency measurement range is also wider than that of traditional acceleration sensors.

[0030] Due to the flexible material properties of the silicone mixed layer and the conductive sponge, the sensor has good impact resistance and flexibility. Compared with rigid acceleration sensors, it can adapt to a variety of complex application scenarios, such as wearable devices, industrial monitoring, etc.

[0031] The present invention uses cheap materials such as PET as a substrate and combines it with a simple manufacturing process to produce sensors at low cost. Compared with the traditional complex manufacturing process, the production of this TENG sensor is simpler and easy to achieve large-scale production.

[0032] By optimizing the structure, especially the multi-dimensional design of the dielectric layer, the present invention can sense acceleration changes in multiple directions, thereby improving spatial perception capabilities, compared with some traditional acceleration sensors that have limitations in multi-dimensional perception and must use complex multi-sensor arrays to achieve all-round perception. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0034] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 2 This is a structural unit analysis diagram of the present invention.

[0036] In the figure: 1. Support frame; 2. Four-corner silicone sheets; 3. Quality sheet; 4. Thin film layer; 5. Support base; 6. Dielectric slot; 7. Protrusion. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0038] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and is by no means intended to limit the present invention and its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0040] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement of the parts and steps described in these embodiments, the numerical expressions and numerical values ​​do not limit the scope of the present invention. At the same time, it should be clear that, for ease of description, the sizes of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn according to the actual proportional relationship. The technology, methods and equipment known to ordinary technicians in the relevant field may not be discussed in detail, but in appropriate cases, the technology, methods and equipment should be regarded as part of the authorization specification. In all examples shown and discussed here, any specific value should be interpreted as merely exemplary, rather than as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar numbers and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, so once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0041] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the directions or positional relationships indicated by directional words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "lateral, vertical, perpendicular, horizontal" and "top, bottom" are usually based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise specified, these directional words do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction or be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention: the directional words "inside and outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the contours of each component itself.

[0042] For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "above", "above", "on the upper surface of", "above", etc. may be used here to describe the spatial positional relationship between a device or feature and other devices or features as shown in the figure. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation described in the figure. For example, if the device in the accompanying drawings is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "above other devices or structures" will be positioned as "below other devices or structures" or "below their position devices or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below". The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptions used here are interpreted accordingly.

[0043] In addition, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to limit components is only for the convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components. If not otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] like Figure 1-2As shown, a non-contact acceleration sensor based on a friction nanogenerator of the present invention comprises:

[0045] The film layer 4 plays an inductive role; the film layer 4 has a dielectric effect and has good power generation performance;

[0046] In the present application, a mass sheet 3 is provided above the film layer 4 to increase the contact and separation force between the film layer and the silicone sheet, and the center of the mass sheet 3 coincides with the vibration center. The film layer 4 is fixed on the surface of the mass sheet 3. A four-corner silicone sheet 2 is provided above the mass sheet 3, and the film layer 4 and the mass sheet 3 are fixed at the center of the four-corner silicone sheet 2. The four corners of the four-corner silicone sheet 2 are respectively fixed to the support frame 1; a dielectric layer for generating induced charges is provided below the film layer 4; the dielectric layer is embedded in a dielectric slot 6; a support base 5 is provided below the dielectric layer; the support base 5 is used to carry the dielectric layer; a dielectric slot 6 for storing the dielectric layer is provided inside the support base 5; the edge of the dielectric slot 6 is in close contact with the edge of the dielectric layer; and protrusions 7 are provided at the four corners of the support base 5.

[0047] In the present application, the film layer 4 is a perfluoroethylene-propylene copolymer film.

[0048] Preferably, the support frame 1 and the support base 5 are made of insulating material 3D printed PLA.

[0049] In the present application, the dielectric layer is a silicone mixed layer and a conductive sponge from top to bottom; wherein the silicone mixed layer includes a mixture of silicone and graphene; and the conductive sponge is completely embedded in the dielectric layer.

[0050] In the present application, the four corners are all provided with protrusions 7 of the same height. The protrusions 7 are used to separate the film layer and the dielectric layer, so that the gap formed by the protrusions 7 makes the film layer and the dielectric layer a non-contact structure. When the external movement generates vibration, contact separation will occur inside the structural unit, generating vibration and induced charge at the same time, thereby driving the microscopic contact separation between the FEP film and the dielectric layer inside the unit. Due to the difference in electronegativity between the two, the negative friction charge generated on the dielectric layer can induce the positive charge carriers inside. The electric field established between the surface and the interior of the dielectric layer can make the negative friction charge on the surface of the dielectric layer drift inward, thereby capturing the drifting friction charge. Therefore, continuous contact and separation can bring more friction charges to the dielectric layer, thereby generating enhanced electrical output, thereby generating a potential difference, and the electrons are transferred to the electrometer through the wire.

[0051] Preferably, the film layer, the dielectric layer and the dielectric slot are all in the same shape. Preferably, the film layer, the dielectric layer and the dielectric slot are in a square shape, which is convenient for integration and effectively improves space utilization.

[0052] In the present application, the sensor also includes a wire for connecting the dielectric layer and the electrometer, so as to realize the transfer and measurement of electrons. In order to ensure that the device has a good vibration state in the actual environment, it also includes a mass sheet 3 pasted in the middle position between the film layer 4 and the four-corner silicone sheet 2 to increase the contact and separation force between the film layer and the silicone sheet. The mass sheet 3 is made of a circular sheet metal, which can be an iron sheet; the mass sheet 3 enables better vibration between the film layer 4 and the four-corner silicone sheet 2, and the counterweight is adjusted by the mass sheet 3 so that the center of the mass block coincides with the vibration center, ensuring that the device maintains a good vibration state.

[0053] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A non-contact acceleration sensor based on a friction nanogenerator, characterized in that: include: A thin film layer (4) having a sensing function; A mass sheet (3) is provided above the film layer (4) to increase the contact and separation force between the film layer and the silicone sheet, and the film layer (4) is fixed on the surface of the mass sheet (3); A four-corner silicone sheet (2) is provided above the quality sheet (3), and the film layer (4) and the quality sheet (3) are fixed at the center of the four-corner silicone sheet (2); The four corners of the four-corner silicone sheet (2) are respectively fixed to the support frame (1); A dielectric layer for generating induced charges is provided below the thin film layer (4); the dielectric layer is embedded in the dielectric slot (6); A support base (5) is provided below the dielectric layer; the support base (5) is used to support the dielectric layer; a dielectric slot (6) for storing the dielectric layer is provided inside the support base (5); The edge of the dielectric slot (6) is in close contact with the edge of the dielectric layer; The four corners of the support base (5) are each provided with protrusions (7).

2. The non-contact acceleration sensor based on a friction nanogenerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The film layer (4) is a perfluoroethylene-propylene copolymer film.

3. The non-contact acceleration sensor based on a friction nanogenerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support frame (1) and the support base (5) are made of insulating material 3D printed PLA.

4. The non-contact acceleration sensor based on a friction nanogenerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dielectric layer is composed of a silicone mixed layer and a conductive sponge from top to bottom; wherein the silicone mixed layer comprises a mixture of silicone and graphene; and the conductive sponge is completely embedded in the dielectric layer.

5. The non-contact acceleration sensor based on a friction nanogenerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The four corners are all provided with protrusions (7) of the same height.

6. A non-contact acceleration sensor based on a friction nanogenerator according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that: The protrusion (7) is used to separate the thin film layer and the dielectric layer, so that the gap formed by the protrusion (7) makes the thin film layer and the dielectric layer a non-contact structure.

7. The non-contact acceleration sensor based on a friction nanogenerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The film layer, the dielectric layer and the dielectric slot all have the same shape.

8. A non-contact acceleration sensor based on a friction nanogenerator according to claim 1 or 7, characterized in that: The film layer, the dielectric layer and the dielectric slot are in a square shape.

9. The non-contact acceleration sensor based on a friction nanogenerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The center of the mass piece (3) coincides with the vibration center.

Images