Method, device and equipment for eliminating chromatography boundary effect and storage medium

Abstract

The invention discloses a method and device for eliminating a chromatography boundary effect, equipment and a storage medium, and belongs to the technical field of geophysical exploration. The method comprises the steps that shot gather data of shot points and common detection point gather data of detection points are obtained, the shot points are arranged in micro-logging wells arranged in a boundary area between shot point frames and detection point frames, and the detection points are arranged in encryption nodes between the micro-logging wells; based on the shot gather data of the shot points and the common geophone gather data of the geophone, fusing shot gather data acquired by normal seismic waves to obtain a first arrival wave of a near-surface velocity model; and performing tomographic inversion based on the first-motion waves to obtain a near-surface velocity model after tomographic inversion. According to the method, the near-surface velocity model is iteratively processed through tomography inversion, the near-surface velocity model conforming to the tomography boundary precision is output, and the three-dimensional tomography boundary effect is eliminated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of geophysical exploration technology, and in particular to a method, device, equipment and storage medium for eliminating tomographic boundary effects. Background Art

[0002] In three-dimensional seismic exploration, in the boundary area from the shot point border to the receiver point border, due to the limitations of the layout of shot points and receiver points, the number of seismic wave coverage is low. When tomographic inversion is performed in the boundary area, the near-surface velocity model is of low accuracy, which in turn affects subsequent oil and gas exploration and development work.

[0003] In the related art, the number of shot points is increased in the boundary area to increase the number of seismic wave coverage and eliminate the three-dimensional tomography boundary effect.

[0004] However, affected by the cost of blast points, the blast point density is not high, the increased coverage times are limited, and the accuracy of the near-surface velocity model is still low. How to improve the accuracy of the near-surface velocity model and eliminate the three-dimensional tomography boundary effect problem is a technical problem that needs to be urgently solved in this field. Summary of the invention:

[0005] The present application provides a method, device, equipment and storage medium for eliminating tomographic boundary effects. The technical solution is as follows:

[0006] According to one aspect of the present application, a method for eliminating a tomographic boundary effect is provided, the method comprising:

[0007] Acquire shot gather data of shot points and common detection point gather data of detection points, wherein the shot points are arranged in micro-wells arranged in the boundary area between the shot point frame and the detection point frame, and the detection points are arranged in the encrypted nodes between the micro-wells;

[0008] Based on the shot gather data of the shot point and the common receiver gather data of the receiver point, the shot gather data collected by normal seismic waves are integrated to obtain the first arrival wave of the near-surface velocity model;

[0009] A tomographic inversion is performed based on the first arrival wave to obtain a near-surface velocity model after tomographic inversion.

[0010] According to another aspect of the present application, a device for eliminating tomographic boundary effects is provided, the device comprising:

[0011] An acquisition module, used to acquire shot gather data of shot points and common detection point gather data of detection points, wherein the shot points are arranged in micro-wells arranged in the boundary area between the shot point frame and the detection point frame, and the detection points are arranged in the encrypted nodes between the micro-wells;

[0012] A picking module, for obtaining the first arrival wave of the near-surface velocity model based on the shot gather data of the shot point and the common-detection point gather data of the detection point and fusing the shot gather data collected by normal seismic waves;

[0013] The inversion module is used to perform tomographic inversion based on the first arrival wave to obtain a near-surface velocity model after tomographic inversion.

[0014] According to another aspect of the present application, a computer device is provided, the computer device comprising a processor and a memory, wherein a computer program is stored in the memory, and the computer program is loaded and executed by the processor to implement the method for eliminating the tomographic boundary effect as described above.

[0015] According to another aspect of the present application, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, wherein a computer program is stored in the computer-readable storage medium, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the method for eliminating the tomographic boundary effect as described above is implemented.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the technical solution provided by this application include at least:

[0017] The shot data are obtained at the shot points in the micro-logging arranged in the boundary area of ​​the shot point frame and the detection point frame, and the common detection point gather data are obtained at the detection points in the encrypted nodes between the micro-logging; based on the shot gather data, the common detection point gather data and the shot gather data collected by normal seismic waves, the first arrival wave of the near-surface velocity model is obtained; the near-surface velocity model is subjected to tomographic inversion according to the first arrival wave to obtain the near-surface velocity model after tomographic inversion. The present application arranges micro-logging in the boundary area, fuses the shot gather data of the shot points arranged at the micro-logging, the common detection point gather data of the detection points arranged between the micro-logging and the shot gather data collected by normal seismic waves to obtain the first arrival wave of the near-surface model, and then performs tomographic inversion based on the first arrival wave to obtain the near-surface velocity model after tomographic inversion. By continuously iterating the tomographic inversion, the accuracy of the tomographic boundary can be improved, thereby achieving the purpose of eliminating the three-dimensional tomographic boundary effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a computer system provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0020] Figure 2A flow chart showing a method for eliminating tomographic boundary effects provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0021] Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing a method for eliminating tomographic boundary effects provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0022] Figure 4 A flow chart showing a method for eliminating tomographic boundary effects provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0023] Figure 5 A flow chart showing a method for eliminating tomographic boundary effects provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0024] Figure 6 A flow chart showing a method for eliminating tomographic boundary effects provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0025] Figure 7 A flow chart showing a method for eliminating tomographic boundary effects provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0026] Figure 8 A ray density diagram showing a method for eliminating tomographic boundary effects provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Fig. 9 A tomographic inversion model diagram of a method for eliminating tomographic boundary effects provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0028] Fig.10 A superimposed cross-sectional view showing a method for eliminating tomographic boundary effects provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Fig.11 A structural block diagram of a device for eliminating tomographic boundary effects provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0030] Fig.12 A schematic structural diagram of a computer device provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the implementation methods of the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0032] Exemplary embodiments will be described in detail herein, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements. The implementations described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all implementations consistent with the present application. Instead, they are merely examples of devices and methods consistent with some aspects of the present application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0033] The terms used in this application are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit this application. The singular forms of "a", "said" and "the" used in this application and the appended claims are also intended to include plural forms unless the context clearly indicates other meanings. It should also be understood that the term "and / or" used herein refers to and includes any or all possible combinations of one or more associated listed items.

[0034] It should be noted that before collecting relevant data of users and during the process of collecting relevant data of users, this application can display a prompt interface, pop-up window or output voice prompt information, and the prompt interface, pop-up window or voice prompt information is used to prompt the user that its relevant data is currently being collected, so that this application only starts to execute the relevant steps of obtaining relevant data of users after obtaining the confirmation operation issued by the user to the prompt interface or pop-up window, otherwise (that is, when the confirmation operation issued by the user to the prompt interface or pop-up window is not obtained), the relevant steps of obtaining relevant data of users are terminated, that is, the relevant data of users are not obtained. In other words, all user data collected by this application are collected with the consent and authorization of the user, and the collection, use and processing of relevant user data need to comply with the relevant laws, regulations and standards of relevant countries and regions.

[0035] First, the relevant terms involved in this application are introduced:

[0036] Shot point: refers to the location or position used to stimulate seismic waves in seismic exploration. For example, explosives, seismic sources and other equipment are usually used to stimulate seismic waves on the surface or in a wellbore.

[0037] Geophone point: refers to a position or location for receiving seismic wave signals in seismic exploration. For example, a geophone (also called a seismic recorder) is usually used to record seismic wave signals.

[0038] Shot gather data: refers to the seismic wave data generated by exciting seismic waves at a certain shot point and recording them at some related detection points.

[0039] Common detection point gather data: refers to the seismic wave data formed by recording seismic waves excited by different shot points at the same detection point.

[0040] Shot gather data collected by normal seismic waves: refers to the seismic wave data collected using conventional layout methods in traditional seismic exploration.

[0041] Tomographic inversion: A geophysical exploration method used to infer the distribution of physical properties of underground media through measurement data. For example, the underground medium can be subdivided into many grids, and the velocity within each grid of the underground medium can be inferred from the detection data.

[0042] Near-surface velocity model: refers to a model that describes the velocity distribution of the medium within a certain depth range below the surface (usually 200-300 meters). It is used to represent the velocity at different depths underground. The near-surface velocity model is an important parameter in seismic exploration.

[0043] Boundary effect: In seismic wave tomography inversion, if the ray density in the grid is too small, it will affect the accuracy of tomography inversion, resulting in inaccurate near-surface velocity model obtained by inversion and inaccurate subsequent stacked profile imaging. In seismic exploration, in the boundary area from the shot point border to the receiver point border, the ray density in the underground medium grid of tomography inversion is often too small, and the near-surface velocity model obtained by inversion in this area is inaccurate, which is called the tomography boundary effect.

[0044] Ray density: In tomographic inversion, the path formed by the propagation of seismic waves from a shot point to a detection point is called a ray path. The number of ray paths passing through each grid of the underground medium is called the ray density within the grid.

[0045] Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the architecture of a computer system provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown. The computer system may include: a terminal 100 and a server 200.

[0046] The terminal 100 may be an electronic device such as a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a vehicle-mounted terminal (vehicle computer), a wearable device, a personal computer (PC), a vehicle-mounted terminal, etc. The terminal 100 may be installed with a client for running a target application, and the target application may be an application for simulating tomographic inversion, which is not limited in this application. In addition, the application does not limit the form of the target application, including but not limited to an application (Application, App) installed in the terminal 100, a mini-program, etc., and may also be in the form of a web page.

[0047] The server 200 may be an independent physical server, or a server cluster or distributed system composed of multiple physical servers, or a cloud server providing cloud computing services, cloud database, cloud computing, cloud functions, cloud storage, network services, cloud communications, middleware services, domain name services, security services, content delivery networks (CDN), and cloud servers providing basic cloud computing services such as big data and artificial palm image recognition platforms. The server 200 may be a backend server of the above-mentioned target application, used to provide backend services for the client of the target application.

[0048] Among them, cloud technology refers to a hosting technology that unifies hardware, software, network and other resources in a wide area network or local area network to realize data computing, storage, processing and sharing. Cloud technology is a general term for network technology, information technology, integration technology, management platform technology, application technology, etc. based on the cloud computing business model. It can form a resource pool, which is used on demand and flexible and convenient. Cloud computing technology will become an important support. The background services of the technical network system require a large amount of computing and storage resources, such as video websites, picture websites and more portal websites. With the high development and application of the Internet industry, in the future, each item may have its own identification mark, and all need to be transmitted to the background system for logical processing. Data of different levels will be processed separately. All kinds of industry data require strong system backing support, which can only be achieved through cloud computing.

[0049] In some embodiments, the above-mentioned server can also be implemented as a node in a blockchain system. Blockchain is a new application mode of computer technologies such as distributed data storage, peer-to-peer transmission, consensus mechanism, encryption algorithm, etc. Blockchain is essentially a decentralized database, a string of data blocks generated by cryptographic methods. Each data block contains a batch of network transaction information, which is used to verify the validity of its information (anti-counterfeiting) and generate the next block. Blockchain can include the underlying blockchain platform, the platform product service layer, and the application service layer.

[0050] The terminal 100 and the server 200 may communicate with each other via a network, such as a wired or wireless network.

[0051] In the method for eliminating the tomographic boundary effect provided in the embodiment of the present application, the execution subject of each step may be a computer device, which refers to an electronic device with data calculation, processing and storage capabilities. Figure 1Taking the solution implementation environment shown as an example, the method for eliminating the tomographic boundary effect can be executed by the terminal 100, or by the server 200, or by the interaction and cooperation of the terminal 100 and the server 200. This application does not make any restrictions on this.

[0052] Next, the method for eliminating the tomographic boundary effect provided in the embodiments of this application will be described.

[0053] Figure 2 The flowchart of the method for eliminating the tomographic boundary effect provided by an exemplary embodiment of this application is shown. Taking the case where this method is used in a terminal device as an example, the terminal device can be Figure 1 the terminal 100 in. This method includes at least some of the following steps:

[0054] Step 210: Obtain the shot gather data of the shot points and the common receiver gather data of the receiver points;

[0055] Among them, the shot points are arranged in the micro-logging wells laid in the boundary area between the shot point border and the receiver point border, and the receiver points are arranged in the encrypted nodes between the micro-logging wells. The shot point is the emission position of the seismic wave, and the receiver point is the receiving position of the seismic wave. As Figure 2 shown, the shot points 1, 2, 3, and 4 are arranged in the micro-logging wells laid in the boundary area between the shot point border and the receiver point border, and the seismic waves excited by the shot points will be received by the receiver points.

[0056] The shot gather data refers to the seismic wave data recorded at different shot point positions. Exemplarily, in seismic exploration, the shot points are (P1, P2, P3), and the receiver points are (G1, G2, G3,...). For each shot point, the seismic record data related to each receiver point will be collected. By combining the record data of different receiver points of the same shot point, the shot gather data of this shot point can be obtained. For example, the shot gather data P1 includes the seismic data related to the receiver points G1 and G2.

[0057] The common receiver gather data is used to record the seismic wave signals generated by multiple shot points received at the same position. Exemplarily, in seismic exploration, the shot points are (P1, P2, P3) and the receiver points are (G1, G2, G3). For each receiver point, the seismic record data related to each shot point can be collected. By combining the record data of different shot points of the same receiver point, the common receiver gather data of this receiver point can be obtained. For example, for the receiver point G1, its common receiver gather data includes the seismic data related to the shot points P1 and P3.

[0058] The boundary area refers to the area between the shot point border and the receiver point border, that is, the area near the boundary of the seismic data acquisition area. Usually, due to the limited number of shot points and receiver points arranged in the boundary area, the number of seismic wave coverage in the boundary area is low.

[0059] Micro-logging is a logging method used to obtain physical property data of underground formations. Usually, measurements are made in wells to obtain physical property data of underground formations.

[0060] In some embodiments, a surface survey may be conducted on the boundary area, and micro-well logging may be arranged in the boundary area between the three-dimensional shot point frame and the detection point frame according to the surface survey result. In the process of arranging the micro-well logging, the arrangement radius shall satisfy:

[0061]

[0062] Where R is the deployment radius (m); L is the arrangement length in the observation system (m).

[0063] Optionally, the micro-logging survey method includes at least one of the following methods: in-well excitation and ground reception (ground micro-logging), ground excitation and in-well reception (in-well micro-logging), in-well excitation and in-well reception (dual-well micro-logging).

[0064] In some embodiments, a method of ground excitation and well reception is adopted. Ground excitation and well reception refers to arranging a seismic source on the ground, exciting seismic waves through the seismic source, and then arranging a detector in the well to record the signal of the seismic wave propagating into the well; ground micro-well logging refers to arranging a seismic source in the well, exciting seismic waves through the seismic source, and then arranging a detector on the ground to record the signal of the seismic wave propagating into the well; double-well micro-well logging arranges seismic sources and detectors in two wells respectively, and conducts investigation by exciting seismic waves in one well and receiving seismic waves in the other well.

[0065] In some embodiments, the shot points are arranged in micro-wells arranged in the boundary area between the shot point frame and the detection point frame, and the detection points are arranged in the encrypted nodes between these micro-wells. Shot points are arranged in the micro-wells, and the seismic source is triggered at each shot point position to generate seismic waves. The seismic waves propagate and reflect in the underground strata. By recording the amplitude and arrival time of the seismic waves at the detector position of the normal seismic wave collection, the shot collection data can be obtained. The detection points are arranged at the encrypted node positions between the micro-wells. When the seismic waves pass through the underground strata, the seismic waves will reach the detection points and be recorded. By recording the amplitude and arrival time of the seismic waves at the detection points at the encrypted node positions, the common detection point data can be obtained.

[0066] Among them, encrypted nodes refer to additional detection points arranged between micro-wells, and detectors are installed at these encrypted nodes to record the signals of seismic waves when they propagate underground.

[0067] Step 220: Based on the shot gather data of the shot points and the common receiver gather data of the receiver points, the shot gather data collected by the normal seismic waves are integrated to obtain the first arrival wave of the near-surface velocity model;

[0068] Shot data collected by normal seismic waves refers to seismic wave data collected using conventional layout methods in traditional seismic exploration. In traditional seismic exploration, a series of shot points (sources) and receivers (seismic receivers) are usually laid out on the surface to obtain information about underground structures by triggering the sources at different locations and recording the received seismic wave signals.

[0069] In some embodiments, the shot gather data of the shot points in the micro-well logging and the common detection point gather data of the detection points of the encrypted nodes are fused with the shot gather data collected by normal seismic waves. This method can comprehensively utilize the information from different data sources to obtain more comprehensive and accurate seismic wave data, and then obtain the first arrival wave of the near-surface velocity model.

[0070] Among them, the first arrival wave refers to the earliest wave signal that reaches the surface during the underground propagation of seismic waves. The arrival time and amplitude of the first arrival wave contain information about the underground medium, and the first arrival wave can be used to infer the underground structure.

[0071] In some embodiments, the arrangement rules of the shot gather data and the recognition degree of the first arrival wave are good, while the common detection point gather data are irregularly arranged due to the influence of the shot point offset, and the recognition degree of the first arrival wave is low. Therefore, the shot gather data and the common detection point gather data are fused together, and the position of the first arrival wave of the shot gather data is used to quickly identify the position of the first arrival wave of the common detection point gather data.

[0072] Step 230: Perform tomographic inversion based on the first arrival wave to obtain a near-surface velocity model after tomographic inversion.

[0073] In some embodiments, after picking up the first arrival wave, a near-surface velocity model is subjected to tomographic inversion based on the first arrival wave, and a near-surface velocity model after tomographic inversion can be obtained. The goal of tomographic inversion is to gradually improve the fit between the data corresponding to the simulated first arrival wave and the data corresponding to the observed first arrival wave by optimizing the initial velocity model. Exemplarily, the data corresponding to the first arrival wave may be the arrival time and amplitude information of the first arrival wave.

[0074] In some embodiments, after the velocity model of the relationship between depth and velocity is obtained through micro-well logging, it can be used as the initial velocity model. In tomographic inversion, the initial velocity model obtained by micro-well logging can be used as a constraint condition to improve the accuracy and reliability of the inversion result.

[0075] In some embodiments, the steps of tomographic inversion are as follows: first, an initial velocity model is set for tomographic inversion; then, the initial velocity model is used to simulate the arrival time and amplitude of the first arrival wave, and the data corresponding to the simulated first arrival wave is compared with the data corresponding to the first arrival wave obtained based on the shot gather data and the common detection point gather data, and then an adjustment is made according to the error between the two, so that the fit between the data corresponding to the simulated first arrival wave and the data corresponding to the first arrival wave obtained based on the shot gather data and the common detection point gather data is gradually improved, so as to obtain the near-surface velocity model after tomographic inversion.

[0076] In summary, the method provided in this embodiment acquires shot gather data at shot points in micro-logging wells arranged in the boundary area between the shot point frame and the detection point frame, and acquires common detection point gather data at the detection points in the encrypted nodes between the micro-logging wells; obtains the first arrival wave of the near-surface velocity model based on the shot gather data, the common detection point gather data and the shot gather data collected by normal seismic waves; and performs tomographic inversion on the near-surface velocity model according to the first arrival wave to obtain the near-surface velocity model after tomographic inversion. The present application can obtain the measurement results of the micro-logging by arranging micro-logging in the boundary area, fuse the shot gather data of the shot points arranged at the micro-logging, the common detection point gather data of the detection points arranged between the micro-logging and the shot gather data collected by normal seismic waves, and obtain the first arrival wave of the near-surface model. The above measurement results are used as constraints, and then tomographic inversion is performed based on the first arrival wave to obtain the near-surface velocity model after tomographic inversion. By continuously iteratively processing the tomographic inversion, the tomographic boundary accuracy can be improved, thereby achieving the purpose of eliminating the three-dimensional tomographic boundary effect.

[0077] Based on Figure 2 In an optional embodiment, Figure 4 A flow chart of a method for eliminating tomographic boundary effects provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application is shown. In this embodiment, step 210 is replaced by step 211 and step 212:

[0078] Step 211: based on using the micro-well logging as the excitation well, obtaining the shot gathering data in the excitation well;

[0079] An excitation well is a wellbore used to emit seismic waves in seismic exploration. By installing an excitation device, such as a shot point, in the wellbore, seismic waves can be generated and propagated underground.

[0080] In some embodiments, the micro-logging well is used as an excitation well, and a seismic source is set in the well to generate seismic waves and record their propagation process. Using the micro-logging well as an excitation well can obtain the shot gathering data in the excitation well, that is, obtain information such as the amplitude and arrival time of the seismic waves propagating near the excitation well. The number of seismic wave coverages increased by using the micro-logging well as an excitation well satisfies:

[0081]

[0082] Among them, N w is the number of times the seismic wave is covered when the micro-well is used as an excitation well; R is the layout radius; D x D is the length of the boundary area in the detection line direction; y is the length of the boundary area in the direction perpendicular to the detection line.

[0083] Step 212: Based on the detectors at the encrypted nodes arranged in the micro-well logging, the common detection point gather data of the detection points are obtained.

[0084] Among them, encrypted nodes refer to additional detection points arranged between micro-wells, and detectors are installed at these encrypted nodes to record the signals of seismic waves when they propagate underground.

[0085] The shot points in the excitation well are the locations for transmitting seismic waves, while the detectors at the encryption nodes are the devices for receiving seismic waves.

[0086] In some embodiments, encrypted nodes are arranged between micro-logging wells, and detectors are set at the encrypted nodes to record information such as arrival time and amplitude of seismic waves at different locations. The common detection point gather data of the detection points can be obtained through the detectors at the encrypted nodes.

[0087] In some embodiments, by increasing the number of encrypted nodes, the density of the geophone points can be increased, thereby increasing the number of seismic wave coverages in the boundary area. The number of seismic wave coverages increased by the geophone points deployed by the encrypted nodes satisfies:

[0088] N R =K

[0089] Among them, K is the number of encrypted nodes; N R The number of seismic wave coverage increased by the detection points deployed through the encrypted nodes. The number of points of the encrypted nodes satisfies:

[0090]

[0091] Where M is the area of ​​the boundary area; ρ is the density of the encrypted nodes in the boundary area.

[0092] In summary, the method provided in this embodiment uses the micro-logging well as an excitation well, sets a seismic source in the well, generates seismic waves in the underground medium, and obtains the shot gather data of the shot point; through the detectors at the dense nodes arranged between the micro-logging wells, the common detection point gather data of the detection point can be obtained. By obtaining the shot gather data of the shot points in the excitation well and the common detection point gather data at the dense nodes, the velocity changes and structural information of the underground medium can be more comprehensively reflected, which helps to improve the accuracy of tomographic inversion and optimize the near-surface velocity model.

[0093] Based on Figure 2 In an optional embodiment, Figure 5 A flow chart of a method for eliminating tomographic boundary effects provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application is shown. In this embodiment, step 220 is replaced by step 221, step 222 and step 223:

[0094] Step 221: Fusing the shot gather data of the shot points, the common detection point gather data of the detection points, and the shot gather data collected by normal seismic waves;

[0095] In some embodiments, it is necessary to fuse the shot gather data of the shot points, the common detection point gather data of the detection points and the shot gather data of normal seismic wave collection to ensure that the shot gather data and the common detection point gather data can correspond in time and space.

[0096] Optionally, the fusion method may include time alignment, amplitude correction, spatial interpolation and the like. For example, when the fusion method is time alignment: due to the different positions of the shot point and the detection point, the paths of seismic wave propagation are also different, resulting in differences in the arrival time of the seismic wave. The expected arrival time is calculated according to the seismic wave propagation speed and distance, and time offset processing is performed so that the shot data and the common detection point data are aligned in time; when the fusion method is amplitude correction: due to the different distances between the shot point and the detection point, the amplitude of the seismic wave will decay with the increase of the distance. In order to eliminate the influence of this amplitude attenuation, it is necessary to perform amplitude correction on the shot data and the common detection point data. The correction method can be adjusted according to the distance attenuation relationship so that the amplitudes of the two can match each other; when the fusion method is spatial interpolation: the spatial distribution of the shot data and the common detection point data is different. In order to fuse them into the same spatial grid, an interpolation method can be used for spatial interpolation. It should be noted that the above is only an exemplary example, and this application does not limit the fusion method.

[0097] Step 222: identifying the first arrival position of the common detection point gather data according to the first arrival position of the shot gather data;

[0098] In some embodiments, the arrangement rules and first arrival wave recognition of the shot gather data are good, while the arrangement of the common detection point gather data is irregular due to the influence of the shot point offset, and the recognition of the first arrival wave is low. Optionally, the shot gather data and the common detection point gather data are put together, and the first arrival wave position of the common detection point gather data is identified with the help of the first arrival wave position of the shot gather.

[0099] In some embodiments, the first arrival position of the shot gather data is first identified, and the first arrival position refers to the earliest arrival position of the seismic wave during underground propagation. The first arrival position of the shot gather data can be determined by analyzing the arrival time and amplitude information in the shot gather data. Then, the shot gather data and the common detection point gather data are put together, and by comparing the arrival time and amplitude information of the two, the position in the common detection point gather data corresponding to the first arrival position of the shot gather data can be found.

[0100] In some embodiments, when using the first-break position of shot gather data to identify the first-break position of common receiver gather data, it is very important to ensure the accuracy of the first-break position.

[0101] For example, multipath propagation in underground media can interfere with the identification of the first arrival wave position. Multipath propagation refers to the phenomenon that when seismic waves propagate underground, there are other paths in addition to the direct path. These additional paths may be caused by factors such as the complexity, reflection, and refraction of the underground medium. For example, when seismic waves propagate from one medium to another, due to the change in the velocity of the medium, the seismic waves will be refracted, and the refraction will cause the seismic waves to change the propagation direction and generate additional paths underground.

[0102] In some embodiments, multipath propagation may cause multiple arrival times of seismic waves at the detection point, thereby making it difficult to identify the first arrival wave. Optionally, in order to reduce these interferences, methods such as multi-channel superposition, filtering, and coherent superposition may be used to improve the recognition of the first arrival wave. Exemplarily, multi-channel superposition is to superimpose multiple seismic records to enhance the amplitude of the first arrival wave while reducing the interference caused by multipath propagation. By accumulating the amplitudes of multiple seismic records, the signal-to-noise ratio of the first arrival wave can be increased, thereby improving the recognition of the first arrival wave.

[0103] Step 223: Obtain the first arrival position of the near-surface velocity model according to the first arrival position of the shot gather data, the first arrival position of the common detection point gather data and the first arrival position of the shot gather data collected by normal seismic waves.

[0104] In some embodiments, the first arrival position of the near-surface velocity model can be inferred based on the first arrival position in the shot gather data, the common detection point gather data, and the first arrival position of the shot gather data collected by normal seismic waves. The arrival time of the first arrival wave is related to the velocity of the underground medium. By analyzing the arrival time and position of the first arrival wave, the velocity change at different positions in the near-surface velocity model can be inferred.

[0105] In some embodiments, the first arrival position of the near-surface velocity model can be estimated using a ray tracing method based on the first arrival position of the shot gather data, the first arrival position of the common detection point gather data, and the first arrival position of the shot gather data collected by normal seismic waves.

[0106] Exemplarily, the ray tracing method is a commonly used seismic data processing method for simulating the path and arrival time of seismic waves propagating underground. Through the ray tracing method, the arrival time at different positions can be calculated and compared with the observed first arrival wave position. First, the first arrival wave position is extracted from the shot gather data and the common detection point gather data; secondly, the extracted first arrival wave position is used for ray tracing, starting from the shot point, and the propagation of the seismic wave is tracked along different ray paths until it reaches the detection point. During the tracing process, the arrival time on the ray path is calculated according to the known first arrival wave position; then, according to the arrival time obtained by the ray tracing method and the known first arrival wave position, the near-surface velocity model can be updated by tomographic inversion. The relationship between the arrival time and the near-surface velocity model can be used to adjust the near-surface velocity model through the least squares method or other optimization algorithms so that the simulated first arrival wave position matches the observed first arrival wave position. The near-surface velocity model is continuously updated until the simulated first arrival wave position is consistent with the observed first arrival wave position, and the first arrival wave position of the near-surface velocity model can be obtained.

[0107] In summary, the method provided in this embodiment fuses the shot gather data of the shot point, the common detection point gather data of the detection point and the shot gather data collected by normal seismic waves. Due to the arrangement rule of the shot gather data, the first arrival wave is easy to identify. The first arrival wave position of the detection point gather data can be identified according to the first arrival wave position of the shot gather data. Then, according to the first arrival wave position of the shot point, the first arrival wave position of the common detection point gather data and the first arrival wave position of the shot gather data collected by normal seismic waves, the first arrival wave position of the near-surface velocity model is obtained, and the first arrival wave position can be used in subsequent tomographic inversion.

[0108] Figure 6 A flow chart of a method for eliminating tomographic boundary effects provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application is shown. The method includes at least some of the following steps:

[0109] Step 310: Obtaining micro-well logging measurement results;

[0110] In some embodiments, micro-logging is a method of measuring the velocity of seismic waves in a well. After the micro-logging survey is completed, it is very important to interpret the raw data in time and depth. The raw data refers to the measurement records obtained from the logging instrument, which include the values ​​of physical parameters measured at different depths.

[0111] Optionally, in the micro-logging method of receiving in the ground excitation well, the raw data is obtained by exciting seismic waves on the ground and then recording the propagation of seismic waves through the receiver in the well. These measurement records contain the time information of the seismic waves propagating underground. Time-depth interpretation is the process of converting the time information in the measurement record into depth information. Through time-depth interpretation, the relationship between depth and velocity, that is, the velocity model, can be obtained. This velocity model can be used as the input of subsequent micro-logging constrained tomography inversion.

[0112] Step 320: Using the measurement results of the micro-logging as constraints, perform tomographic inversion on the near-surface velocity model based on the first arrival wave;

[0113] In some embodiments, after obtaining the velocity model of the relationship between depth and velocity, it can be used as a constraint condition in subsequent tomographic inversion. The velocity model obtained by micro-logging measurement is compared with the data corresponding to the first arrival wave, and the parameters of the velocity model are adjusted to make the data corresponding to the simulated first arrival wave as consistent as possible with the data corresponding to the observed first arrival wave.

[0114] In some embodiments, the velocity model obtained by micro-logging measurement is used as the initial velocity model, and then optimized by a tomographic inversion algorithm to minimize the difference between the data corresponding to the simulated first arrival wave and the data corresponding to the observed first arrival wave, thereby obtaining a near-surface velocity model.

[0115] Step 330: when the near-surface velocity model after tomographic inversion does not meet the tomographic boundary accuracy, the arrangement length of the shot points is expanded and iterative processing is performed;

[0116] The tomographic boundary accuracy refers to the consistency and accuracy between the boundary area of ​​the underground structure in the near-surface velocity model obtained by tomographic inversion and the actual geological boundary area. In some embodiments, if the boundary area in the near-surface velocity model is significantly different from the actual geological boundary area, the interpretation and prediction capabilities of the near-surface velocity model will be affected.

[0117] In some embodiments, when the near-surface velocity model after tomographic inversion does not meet the tomographic boundary accuracy requirements, it is possible to consider expanding the arrangement length of the shot points and performing iterative processing to improve the accuracy of the velocity model. Figure 3 , the arrangement length of the shot points can be increased, that is, the number of shot points on the shot point border can be increased, thereby increasing the number of seismic wave coverages, increasing the coverage of seismic data, and providing more information for the inversion of the near-surface velocity model. This method of increasing the number of seismic wave coverages by increasing the number of shot points can increase the resolution and accuracy of the near-surface velocity model, thereby improving the accuracy of the tomographic boundary.

[0118] In some embodiments, when performing iterative processing, the arrangement length of the shot points can be redesigned according to the current near-surface velocity model, and a new round of tomographic inversion can be performed using the expanded arrangement length of the shot points. This iterative processing process can be performed multiple times until the preset tomographic boundary accuracy is reached. In each iteration, the arrangement length and position of the shot points are adjusted according to the target requirements of the current near-surface velocity model and tomographic boundary accuracy to obtain a better near-surface velocity model.

[0119] Step 340: When the near-surface velocity model after tomographic inversion meets the tomographic boundary accuracy, output the near-surface velocity model after tomographic inversion.

[0120] In some embodiments, after tomographic inversion, if the near-surface velocity model meets the tomographic boundary accuracy, that is, the near-surface velocity model obtained by tomographic inversion can accurately reflect the boundary area of ​​the underground structure and eliminate the boundary effect, the near-surface velocity model can be output as the result of tomographic inversion.

[0121] Optionally, when the tomographic boundary accuracy meets the requirements, the output tomographic inversion model can be stored and displayed in different formats, for example, in a file format or a Seismic Data Exchange (Segy) format.

[0122] Exemplarily, when a file format is used: the file format can be a common text file format, such as a text file (.txt), a comma separated value file (.csv), or a space separated value file (.dat). These file formats can be opened and viewed directly in a text editor or spreadsheet software, which facilitates the reading and processing of seismic data. When the Segy format is used: the Segy format is a standard format for storing seismic data. The Segy format contains the header information and data records of the seismic data and can be used to store and transmit seismic data. Files in the Segy format can be read and processed by professional seismic data processing software for further analysis and display. Regardless of which format is chosen, it is important to ensure the integrity and accuracy of the seismic data, and to perform appropriate data processing and interpretation as needed, so as to ensure that the output tomographic inversion model can be effectively used and analyzed.

[0123] In summary, the method provided in this embodiment can obtain the measurement results of micro-logging, and use the measurement results of micro-logging as the constraint conditions of tomographic inversion. When the near-surface velocity model after tomographic inversion does not meet the tomographic boundary accuracy, the arrangement length of the shot points is expanded and iterative processing is performed; when the tomographic boundary accuracy meets the requirements, the near-surface velocity model after tomographic inversion is output, and the output near-surface velocity model can be stored and displayed in different formats, including file formats and seismic data exchange formats, etc. The selection of a suitable format depends on the support of data processing software and application requirements.

[0124] Based on Figure 6 In an optional embodiment, Figure 7 A flowchart of a method for eliminating tomographic boundary effects provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application is shown. In this embodiment, step 330 is replaced by step 331, step 332 and step 333:

[0125] Step 331: When the near-surface velocity model after tomographic inversion does not meet the tomographic boundary accuracy, all shot points from the preset area with the shot point border as the reference position to the detection point border are extended and arranged to obtain the shot collection data cut out by the extended arrangement;

[0126] The preset area refers to an area set according to the positional relationship between the shot point border and the receiver point border during the tomographic inversion process, and is used to determine the range of the extended arrangement. Exemplarily, the preset area can be a rectangular or arbitrarily shaped area.

[0127] Extended arrangement refers to extending the arrangement of shot points on the basis of the original shot point layout, increasing the arrangement length of the shot points and thus increasing the sampling density between the shot points. Extended arrangement and cutting out shot gather data refers to extending the original shot gather data to generate new shot gather data.

[0128] In some embodiments, the boundary of the preset area is aligned with the frame of the detection point, and all the shot points in the preset area are extended and arranged. By extending and arranging the cut shot data, more seismic data can be obtained. These seismic data include seismic records from the extended arranged shot points to the detection points.

[0129] In some embodiments, the number of times the seismic waves are covered can be increased by extending the arrangement of the shot points. The number of times the seismic waves are covered by the extended arrangement should satisfy:

[0130]

[0131] Among them, N s The number of seismic waves added to extend the array; R SL is the gun line distance, that is, the distance between two adjacent gun lines, indicating the interval between the gun lines; RSP is the shot point distance, i.e. the distance between two adjacent shot points; L x L is the length of the inner area of ​​the shot point frame in the detection line direction, that is, the length of the extended arrangement; y is the line distance of the detection line, which means the distance between two adjacent detection lines. It indicates the interval between the detection lines.

[0132] Step 332: based on the extended arrangement cut-out shot gather data and the common receiver gather data of the receiver points, obtain the updated first arrival wave of the near-surface velocity model;

[0133] In some embodiments, when the near-surface velocity model after tomographic inversion does not meet the tomographic boundary accuracy requirement, iterative processing can be performed until the tomographic boundary accuracy requirement is met. The iterative processing is manifested as: expanding the arrangement length of the shot points to obtain the shot gather data cut out of the extended arrangement, then obtaining the common detection point gather data from the detection points, and fusing the shot gather data cut out of the extended arrangement with the common detection point gather data of the detection points to obtain the updated first arrival wave of the near-surface velocity model.

[0134] Step 333: Perform tomographic inversion on the near-surface velocity model based on the updated first arrival wave to obtain the near-surface velocity model after tomographic inversion.

[0135] In some embodiments, based on the updated first arrival wave, the near-surface velocity model is subjected to tomographic inversion to obtain the near-surface velocity model after tomographic inversion. First, data corresponding to the updated first arrival wave is prepared, including the arrival time and amplitude information of the updated first arrival wave, and the data corresponding to the updated first arrival wave is obtained by extracting the updated first arrival wave; then, the initial velocity model is used to perform forward simulation to obtain data corresponding to the simulated first arrival wave; the data corresponding to the simulated first arrival wave is compared with the data corresponding to the updated first arrival wave, and the difference between the data corresponding to the simulated first arrival wave and the data corresponding to the updated first arrival wave is minimized through tomographic inversion, and the near-surface velocity model is adjusted to finally obtain the near-surface velocity model after tomographic inversion.

[0136] In some embodiments, the more times the seismic waves are covered, the more information is contained in the seismic record, which helps to improve the accuracy of the near-surface model.

[0137] N=N w +N S +N R

[0138] Among them, N w N is the number of seismic wave coverages added by using the micro-well as the excitation well, R N is the number of seismic wave coverages increased by the geophone points deployed through the encrypted nodes. sThe number of seismic wave coverages added to extend the arrangement is added, and the total number of seismic wave coverages in the boundary area can be obtained by adding these three. Improving the total number of seismic wave coverages in the boundary area can provide more information for the tomographic inversion of the near-surface velocity model, thereby increasing the accuracy of the near-surface velocity model and improving the accuracy of the tomographic boundary.

[0139] In summary, the method provided in this embodiment, when the near-surface velocity model after tomographic inversion does not meet the tomographic boundary accuracy, expands the arrangement length of the shot points, obtains the shot gather data cut out by the extended arrangement, and then fuses the shot gather data cut out by the extended arrangement with the common detection point data of the detection points to obtain the updated first arrival wave of the near-surface velocity model, performs tomographic inversion on the near-surface velocity model based on the updated first arrival wave, and outputs the near-surface velocity model that meets the tomographic boundary accuracy.

[0140] Beneficial effects of this program:

[0141] The conventional method to eliminate the three-dimensional tomographic boundary effect is to increase the number of seismic wave coverage by encrypting the shot points in the boundary area and eliminating the three-dimensional tomographic boundary effect. However, the shot point density of this method is not high, and the increased number of seismic wave coverage is limited, which still cannot meet the requirements of eliminating the three-dimensional tomographic boundary effect.

[0142] This scheme: micro-logging wells are arranged in the boundary area between the three-dimensional shot point border and the detection point border, and they are investigated by receiving ground excitation in the wells; encrypted node detection points are arranged between the micro-logging wells, and the boreholes of the above-mentioned micro-logging wells are used as excitation wells; the shot points in the excitation wells and the detectors at the encrypted nodes are integrated into the seismic node acquisition; then all the shot points from a certain area inside the shot point border to the detection point border are extended and arranged to cut out the shot gather data, and then the common detection point gather data are separately cut out from the encrypted nodes; the shot gather data, the common detection point gather data and the shot gather data collected by normal seismic waves are merged, and the first arrival is uniformly picked up for tomographic inversion; then it is determined whether the tomographic boundary accuracy meets the requirements. If the tomographic boundary accuracy meets the conditions, the tomographic inversion model is output. If the tomographic boundary accuracy does not meet the conditions, it is iteratively processed until the tomographic boundary accuracy meets the requirements, thereby achieving the purpose of eliminating the three-dimensional tomographic boundary effect.

[0143] Combined with reference Figure 8 , Figure 8 (1) is the ray density map under the conventional method. Although the conventional method improves the ray density in the rightmost boundary area, it is still relatively low. Figure 8 (2) is the ray density diagram of this scheme. The ray density on the far right is significantly improved by using this scheme. Fig. 9 , Fig. 9(1) is a tomographic inversion model diagram using conventional methods. The tomographic inversion model generated using conventional methods has a concave high-speed top interface at the far right, an inaccurate shape, and the tomographic boundary effect still exists. Fig. 9 (2) is the tomographic inversion model diagram of this scheme. Using the tomographic inversion model generated by this scheme, the high-speed top interface shape is accurate at the far right, and there is no tomographic boundary effect. Fig.10 , Fig.10 (1) is the corresponding stacked section generated by conventional methods. On the far right, the structural morphology deforms downward and the tomographic boundary effect still exists. Fig.10 (2) is the corresponding stacked section generated by this scheme. At the far right, the structural morphology is accurate and there is no tomographic boundary effect. Therefore, compared with conventional methods, this scheme can completely eliminate the tomographic boundary effect and obtain a higher-precision tomographic inversion model, thereby improving the imaging accuracy of seismic data, which is conducive to improving the subsequent well location prediction or drilling success rate.

[0144] Fig.11 The structural block diagram of the device for eliminating the chromatographic boundary effect provided by one embodiment of the present application is shown. The device has the function of implementing the above-mentioned method example for eliminating the chromatographic boundary effect, and the function can be implemented by hardware, or by hardware executing corresponding software. The device can be the server described above, or it can be set in the server. Fig.11 As shown, the device 1100 may include: an acquisition module 1110, a picking module 1120 and an inversion module 1130;

[0145] An acquisition module 1110 is used to acquire shot gather data of shot points and common detection point gather data of detection points, wherein the shot points are arranged in micro-wells arranged in the boundary area between the shot point frame and the detection point frame, and the detection points are arranged in the encrypted nodes between the micro-wells;

[0146] A picking module 1120 is used to obtain the first arrival wave of the near-surface velocity model by fusing the shot gather data of the shot point and the common-detection point gather data of the detection point with the shot gather data collected by the normal seismic wave;

[0147] The inversion module 1130 is used to perform tomographic inversion based on the first arrival wave to obtain a near-surface velocity model after tomographic inversion.

[0148] In some optional embodiments, the acquisition module 1110 further includes an acquisition submodule, and the inversion module 1130 further includes an inversion submodule.

[0149] In an optional embodiment, an acquisition submodule is used to acquire the measurement results of the micro-logging; and an inversion submodule is used to perform tomographic inversion on the near-surface velocity model based on the first arrival wave using the measurement results of the micro-logging as constraints to obtain the near-surface velocity model after tomographic inversion.

[0150] In some optional embodiments, the inversion submodule further includes an inversion unit, a processing unit and an output unit.

[0151] In an optional embodiment, an inversion unit is used to perform tomographic inversion on the near-surface velocity model based on the first arrival wave, taking the measurement results of the micro-logging as constraints; a processing unit is used to expand the arrangement length of the shot points and perform iterative processing when the near-surface velocity model after tomographic inversion does not meet the tomographic boundary accuracy; and an output unit is used to output the near-surface velocity model after tomographic inversion when the near-surface velocity model after tomographic inversion meets the tomographic boundary accuracy.

[0152] In some optional embodiments, the processing unit further includes an extension subunit, an update subunit and an inversion subunit.

[0153] In an optional embodiment, an extension subunit is used to extend and arrange all shot points from a preset area with the shot point border as a reference position to the detection point border, when the near-surface velocity model after tomographic inversion does not meet the tomographic boundary accuracy, so as to obtain the shot collection data cut out by the extended arrangement; an updating subunit is used to obtain the updated initial arrival wave of the near-surface velocity model based on the shot collection data cut out by the extended arrangement and the common detection point gather data of the detection points; and an inversion subunit is used to perform tomographic inversion on the near-surface velocity model based on the updated initial wave to obtain the near-surface velocity model after tomographic inversion.

[0154] In some optional embodiments, the acquisition module 1110 also includes an output submodule.

[0155] In an optional embodiment, the output submodule is used to obtain the shot gather data in the excitation well based on using the micro-logging well as the excitation well; the output submodule is used to obtain the common detection point gather data of the detection point based on the detectors at the encrypted nodes arranged in the micro-logging well.

[0156] In some optional embodiments, the picking module 1120 further includes a fusion submodule, a recognition submodule and an output submodule.

[0157] In an optional embodiment, in some optional embodiments, the shot gather data of the shot point, the common detection point gather data of the detection point and the shot gather data collected by the normal seismic wave are merged; an identification submodule is used to identify the first arrival wave position of the common detection point gather data according to the first arrival wave position of the shot gather data; and an output submodule is used to obtain the first arrival wave position of the near-surface velocity model according to the first arrival wave position of the shot gather data, the first arrival wave position of the common detection point gather data and the first arrival wave position of the shot gather data collected by the normal seismic wave.

[0158] In an optional embodiment, the micro-logging adopts a method of ground excitation and reception in the well.

[0159] In summary, the device provided in this embodiment acquires shot gather data at the shot points in the micro-logging arranged in the boundary area of ​​the shot point frame and the detection point frame, and acquires common detection point gather data at the detection points in the encrypted nodes between the micro-logging; based on the shot gather data, the common detection point gather data and the shot gather data collected by normal seismic waves, the first arrival wave of the near-surface velocity model is obtained; and the near-surface velocity model is tomographically inverted according to the first arrival wave to obtain the near-surface velocity model after tomographic inversion. This application acquires the first arrival wave of the near-surface model by arranging micro-logging in the boundary area, fusing the shot gather data of the shot points arranged at the micro-logging, the common detection point gather data of the detection points arranged between the micro-logging and the shot gather data collected by normal seismic waves, and then tomographic inversion is performed based on the first arrival wave to obtain the near-surface velocity model after tomographic inversion. By continuously iteratively processing the near-surface velocity model, the tomographic boundary accuracy can be improved, thereby achieving the purpose of eliminating the three-dimensional tomographic boundary effect.

[0160] Fig.12 The block diagram of a computer device 1500 shown in an exemplary embodiment of the present application is shown. The computer device can be used to implement the method for eliminating the tomographic boundary effect provided in the above embodiment. The computer device 1500 includes a central processing unit (CPU) 1501, a system memory 1504 including a random access memory (RAM) 1502 and a read-only memory (ROM) 1503, and a system bus 1505 connecting the system memory 1504 and the central processing unit 1501. The computer device 1500 also includes a basic input / output system (I / O system) 1506 that helps transmit information between various devices in the computer device, and a large-capacity storage device 1507 for storing an operating system 1513, an application program 1514 and other program modules 1515.

[0161] The basic input / output system 1506 includes a display 1508 for displaying information and an input device 1509 such as a mouse and a keyboard for user inputting information. The display 1508 and the input device 1509 are connected to the central processing unit 1501 through an input / output controller 1510 connected to the system bus 1505. The basic input / output system 1506 may also include an input / output controller 1510 for receiving and processing inputs from a plurality of other devices such as a keyboard, a mouse, or an electronic stylus. Similarly, the input / output controller 1510 also provides output to a display screen, a printer, or other types of output devices.

[0162] The mass storage device 1507 is connected to the central processing unit 1501 via a mass storage controller (not shown) connected to the system bus 1505. The mass storage device 1507 and its associated computer-readable storage medium provide non-volatile storage for the terminal device 1500. That is, the mass storage device 1507 may include a computer-readable storage medium (not shown) such as a hard disk or a compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) drive.

[0163] Without loss of generality, the computer-readable storage medium may include computer storage media and communication media. Computer storage media include volatile and non-volatile, removable and non-removable media implemented by any method or technology for storing information such as computer-readable storage instructions, data structures, program modules or other data. Computer storage media include RAM, ROM, Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EPROM), Electronically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other solid-state storage technology, CD-ROM, Digital Versatile Disc (DVD) or other optical storage, cassette, tape, disk storage or other magnetic storage devices. Of course, those skilled in the art will know that the computer storage medium is not limited to the above. The above-mentioned system memory 1504 and mass storage device 1507 can be collectively referred to as memory.

[0164] The memory stores one or more programs, and the one or more programs are configured to be executed by one or more central processing units 1501. The one or more programs contain instructions for implementing the above-mentioned method embodiments. The central processing unit 1501 executes the one or more programs to implement the methods provided by the above-mentioned various method embodiments.

[0165] According to various embodiments of the present application, the computer device 1500 can also be connected to a remote terminal device on a network through a network such as the Internet. That is, the computer device 1500 can be connected to a network 1512 through a network interface unit 1511 connected to the system bus 1505, or the network interface unit 1511 can be used to connect to other types of networks or remote terminal device systems (not shown).

[0166] The memory also includes one or more programs, which are stored in the memory and include steps for performing the method provided in the embodiment of the present application and executed by the terminal device.

[0167] An embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which a computer program is stored. The computer program is loaded and executed by a processor to implement the method for eliminating the tomographic boundary effect provided by the above-mentioned method embodiments.

[0168] An embodiment of the present application also provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program, and the computer program is stored in a computer-readable storage medium; the computer program is read and executed from the computer-readable storage medium by a processor of a computer device, so that the computer device executes to implement the method for eliminating tomographic boundary effects provided in the above-mentioned method embodiments.

[0169] It will be understood that in the specific implementation of the present application, the data involved, historical data, and data related to user data processing such as portraits related to user identity or characteristics, when the above embodiments of the present application are applied to specific products or technologies, need to obtain user permission or consent, and the collection, use and processing of relevant data need to comply with relevant laws, regulations and standards of relevant countries and regions.

[0170] It should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly defined herein, all terms used in the claims are interpreted according to their ordinary meanings in the technical field. Unless otherwise clearly stated, all references to "an element, device, component, equipment, step, etc." will be openly interpreted as referring to at least one instance of an element, device, component, equipment, step, etc. Unless explicitly stated, the steps of any method disclosed herein do not have to be performed in the exact order disclosed.

[0171] It should be understood that the "plurality" mentioned in this article refers to two or more. "And / or" describes the association relationship of the associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. The character " / " generally indicates that the associated objects are in an "or" relationship.

Claims

1. A method for eliminating tomographic boundary effects, It is characterized in that The method comprises: Acquire shot gather data of shot points and common detection point gather data of detection points, wherein the shot points are arranged in micro-wells arranged in the boundary area between the shot point frame and the detection point frame, and the detection points are arranged in the encrypted nodes between the micro-wells; Based on the shot gather data of the shot point and the common receiver gather data of the receiver point, the shot gather data collected by normal seismic waves are integrated to obtain the first arrival wave of the near-surface velocity model; A tomographic inversion is performed based on the first arrival wave to obtain a near-surface velocity model after tomographic inversion.

2. The method according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The method further comprises: Obtaining the measurement result of the micro-well logging; The method of performing tomographic inversion on the near-surface velocity model based on the first arrival wave to obtain the near-surface velocity model after tomographic inversion includes: The measurement results of the micro-logging are used as constraint conditions, and the near-surface velocity model is subjected to tomographic inversion based on the first arrival wave to obtain the near-surface velocity model after tomographic inversion.

3. The method according to claim 2, It is characterized in that The method uses the measurement result of the micro-logging as a constraint condition and performs tomographic inversion on the near-surface velocity model based on the first arrival wave to obtain the near-surface velocity model after tomographic inversion, including: Taking the measurement results of the micro-logging as constraints, performing tomographic inversion on the near-surface velocity model based on the first arrival wave; When the near-surface velocity model after the tomographic inversion does not meet the tomographic boundary accuracy, the arrangement length of the shot points is enlarged and iterative processing is performed; When the near-surface velocity model after tomographic inversion satisfies the tomographic boundary accuracy, the near-surface velocity model after tomographic inversion is output.

4. The method according to claim 3, It is characterized in that When the near-surface velocity model after the tomographic inversion does not meet the tomographic boundary accuracy, the arrangement length of the shot points is expanded and iterative processing is performed, including: When the near-surface velocity model after the tomographic inversion does not meet the tomographic boundary accuracy, all shot points from a preset area with the shot point frame as a reference position to the detection point frame are extended and arranged to obtain shot gather data cut out by the extended arrangement; Based on the shot gather data cut out from the extended arrangement and the common detection point gather data of the detection points, an updated first arrival wave of the near-surface velocity model is obtained; The near-surface velocity model is subjected to tomographic inversion based on the updated first arrival wave to obtain a near-surface velocity model after tomographic inversion.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, It is characterized in that The step of obtaining the shot gather data of the shot points and the common geophone gather data of the geophone points comprises: Based on taking the micro-well logging as a stimulation well, obtaining shot gathering data in the stimulation well; Based on the detectors at the encrypted nodes arranged between the micro-logging wells, the common detection point gather data of the detection points are obtained.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, It is characterized in that The first arrival wave of the near-surface velocity model is obtained by fusing the shot gather data based on the shot points and the common-detection point gather data of the detection points with the shot gather data collected by normal seismic waves, including: Fusing the shot gather data of the shot point, the common detection point gather data of the detection point and the shot gather data collected by the normal seismic wave; Identifying the first arrival position of the common detection point gather data according to the first arrival position of the shot gather data; The first arrival position of the near-surface velocity model is obtained according to the first arrival position of the shot gather data, the first arrival position of the common detection point gather data and the first arrival position of the shot gather data collected by normal seismic waves.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, It is characterized in that The micro-well logging adopts the method of ground excitation and receiving in the well.

8. A device for eliminating the tomographic boundary effect, It is characterized in that The device comprises: An acquisition module, used to acquire shot gather data of shot points and common detection point gather data of detection points, wherein the shot points are arranged in micro-wells arranged in the boundary area between the shot point frame and the detection point frame, and the detection points are arranged in the encrypted nodes between the micro-wells; A picking module, for obtaining the first arrival wave of the near-surface velocity model based on the shot gather data of the shot point and the common-detection point gather data of the detection point and fusing the shot gather data collected by normal seismic waves; The inversion module is used to perform tomographic inversion based on the first arrival wave to obtain a near-surface velocity model after tomographic inversion.

9. A computer device, It is characterized in that The computer device comprises a processor and a memory, wherein a computer program is stored in the memory, and the computer program is loaded and executed by the processor to implement the method for eliminating tomographic boundary effects according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, It is characterized in that The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the method for eliminating tomographic boundary effects according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is implemented.

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