Vibroseis synchronous excitation method and device

Abstract

The invention discloses a vibroseis synchronous excitation method and device, and relates to the technical field of seismic exploration, and the method comprises the steps: loading a plurality of frequency division scanning signals into different vibroseis for many times, obtaining a plurality of vibroseis groups, and enabling the vibroseis in each vibroseis group to be in one-to-one correspondence with the frequency division scanning signals; the plurality of vibroseis groups are controlled to sequentially excite and scan in the target area according to a first time interval threshold value, the plurality of vibroseis in each vibroseis group are synchronously excited, and the excitation time interval of different vibroseis groups is the first time interval threshold value; the first time interval threshold value is determined according to the harmonic interference degree between different frequency division scanning signals and the first distance threshold value; performing correlation processing by using the seismic data acquired by each vibroseis group and the synthesized reference signal to obtain a plurality of correlated seismic single shot data; and the synthetic reference signal is formed by vertically superposing and synthesizing a plurality of frequency division scanning signals. According to the invention, the seismic data aliasing noise can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of seismic exploration technology, and in particular to a controllable seismic source synchronous excitation method and device. Background Art

[0002] This section is intended to provide a background or context to the embodiments of the invention recited in the claims. No admission is made that the description herein is prior art by inclusion in this section.

[0003] With the large-scale application of broadband seismic exploration technology, the quality of seismic data and exploration accuracy have been greatly improved. Broadband excitation of controllable vibrators is the core of broadband seismic exploration. To achieve broadband excitation, the key is to reduce the minimum frequency of source scanning. In seismic exploration and production, there are two methods to achieve broadband excitation: one is to use high-precision low-frequency controllable vibrators and use linear low-frequency scanning signals; the other is to use conventional controllable vibrators and use specially designed nonlinear low-frequency scanning signals for excitation.

[0004] At present, the application of conventional controllable vibrators occupies a dominant position in seismic exploration and acquisition projects, and due to the strong demand for low-frequency excitation in the industry, nonlinear low-frequency excitation technology based on conventional vibrators is widely used. However, conventional controllable vibrators based on nonlinear scanning low-frequency excitation have the following shortcomings: In order to ensure the energy of the low-frequency component, a longer low-frequency scanning time is required. When the designed scanning signal scanning length is not enough, the total signal energy will be reduced, and the acquired seismic data will have high noise, which is not conducive to seismic imaging. If the scanning length of the scanning signal is extended, the effect of broadband excitation will be achieved, but the scanning time based on the nonlinear low-frequency scanning signal is too long, which makes the production efficiency relatively low and increases the acquisition cost.

[0005] In order to improve production efficiency and reduce costs, more and more projects are now beginning to adopt high-efficiency mixed sampling technology with controllable vibrators. For example, mixed sampling of multiple controllable vibrators has greatly improved efficiency. However, the aliasing noise in the collected seismic data is very serious, and the requirements for de-aliasing noise technology are very high during data processing. Summary of the invention

[0006] The embodiment of the present invention provides a controllable vibroseis synchronous excitation method for reducing aliasing noise of seismic data, the method comprising:

[0007] Determine the vibroseis scanning parameters according to the construction environment of the target area;

[0008] Determining a first scanning signal according to the vibrator scanning parameters;

[0009] Performing frequency division processing on the first scanning signal to obtain a plurality of frequency division scanning signals;

[0010] Loading a plurality of frequency-divided scanning signals to different vibrators for multiple times to obtain a plurality of vibrator groups, wherein the number of vibrators in each vibrator group is the same as the number of frequency-divided scanning signals, and the frequency-divided scanning signals loaded into any vibrator in each vibrator group are different;

[0011] Controlling multiple controllable source groups to sequentially excite and scan in the target area, wherein multiple controllable source groups in each controllable source group are synchronously excited, the excitation time interval of different controllable source groups is a first time interval threshold, the minimum distance interval between any two controllable source groups is a first distance threshold, and the first time interval threshold is determined according to the degree of harmonic interference between different frequency-divided scanning signals and the first distance threshold;

[0012] receiving seismic data collected by each vibrator group;

[0013] Seismic data collected by each controllable source group and a synthetic reference signal are respectively used for correlation processing to obtain a plurality of correlated seismic single-shot data; the synthetic reference signal is synthesized by vertically superimposing a plurality of frequency-divided scanning signals.

[0014] The embodiment of the present invention further provides a controllable vibroseis synchronous excitation device for reducing aliasing noise of seismic data, the device comprising:

[0015] The basic scanning signal determination module is used to determine the controllable vibrator scanning parameters according to the construction environment of the target area; and determine the first scanning signal according to the controllable vibrator scanning parameters;

[0016] A frequency division processing module, used for performing frequency division processing on the first scanning signal to obtain multiple frequency division scanning signals;

[0017] A field operation control module is used to load multiple frequency-division scanning signals into different controllable seismic sources for multiple times to obtain multiple controllable seismic source groups, wherein the number of controllable seismic sources in each controllable seismic source group is the same as the number of frequency-division scanning signals, and the frequency-division scanning signals loaded into any controllable seismic source in each controllable seismic source group are different; control multiple controllable seismic source groups to sequentially excite and scan in a target area, wherein multiple controllable seismic sources in each controllable seismic source group are synchronously excited, the excitation time interval of different controllable seismic source groups is a first time interval threshold, the minimum distance interval between any two controllable seismic source groups is a first distance threshold, and the first time interval threshold is determined according to the degree of harmonic interference between different frequency-division scanning signals and the first distance threshold;

[0018] The data processing module is used to receive the seismic data collected by each controllable source group; the seismic data collected by each controllable source group and the synthetic reference signal are used for correlation processing to obtain a plurality of correlated seismic single shot data; the synthetic reference signal is synthesized by vertically superimposing a plurality of frequency division scanning signals.

[0019] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the above-mentioned controllable vibroseis synchronous excitation method when executing the computer program.

[0020] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the above-mentioned controllable vibroseis synchronous excitation method is implemented.

[0021] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the above-mentioned controllable vibroseis synchronous excitation method is implemented.

[0022] In an embodiment of the present invention, a controllable seismic source scanning parameter is determined according to the construction environment of the target area, a first scanning signal is determined according to the controllable seismic source scanning parameter, the first scanning signal is used as a basic scanning signal, and the first scanning signal is frequency-divided to obtain a plurality of frequency-divided scanning signals, these frequency-divided scanning signals are respectively loaded into different controllable seismic sources to form a plurality of controllable seismic source groups, and the plurality of controllable seismic source groups are controlled to sequentially excite and scan at intervals of a first time interval threshold in the target area, wherein the plurality of controllable seismic sources in each controllable seismic source group are synchronously excited, which can not only greatly improve the efficiency of field construction, but also reduce the aliasing noise of the acquired seismic data, and no special anti-aliasing processing is required in data processing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work. In the drawings:

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic flow chart of a controllable vibrator synchronous excitation method in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a first scanning signal in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a filtering function in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of a frequency division scanning signal in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of synchronous excitation of a controllable vibrator in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a first time interval threshold and harmonic interference analysis in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a synthetic reference signal and its amplitude spectrum and related wavelets in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of single shot record before and after correlation in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Fig. 9 is another schematic diagram of a first scanning signal according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Fig.10 is another schematic diagram of a filter function in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Fig.11 Another schematic diagram of a frequency division scanning signal according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Fig.12 Schematic diagram of a time-varying frequency spectrum of the cross-correlation between the force signal and the reference signal in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Fig.13 Another schematic diagram of the first time interval threshold and harmonic interference analysis in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Fig.14 Another schematic diagram of synchronous excitation of vibroseis in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Fig.15 Another schematic diagram of a synthetic reference signal and its amplitude spectrum and related wavelets in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Fig.16 Schematic diagram of a single shot record after correlation in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Fig.17 Schematic diagram of a controllable seismic source synchronous excitation device in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] To make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Here, the exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0042] The applicant has found that more and more projects are now adopting the high-efficiency mixed acquisition technology of vibrator sources. For example, the mixed acquisition of multiple vibrator sources can greatly improve the efficiency. However, the aliasing noise in the collected seismic data is very serious, and the requirement for the technology of removing aliasing noise is very high during data processing. Therefore, the applicant has proposed a synchronous excitation method for vibrator sources.

[0043] Figure 1 It is a schematic flowchart of the synchronous excitation method for vibrator sources in the embodiments of the present invention. As Figure 1 shown, the method includes:

[0044] Step 101: Determine the vibrator source scanning parameters according to the construction environment of the target area;

[0045] Step 102: Determine the first scanning signal according to the vibrator source scanning parameters;

[0046] Step 103: Perform frequency division processing on the first scanning signal to obtain multiple frequency division scanning signals;

[0047] Step 104: Load the multiple frequency division scanning signals into different vibrator sources multiple times to obtain multiple groups of vibrator sources. The number of vibrator sources in each group of vibrator sources is the same as the number of frequency division scanning signals, and the frequency division scanning signals loaded by any vibrator source in each group of vibrator sources are different;

[0048] Step 105: Control the multiple groups of vibrator sources to sequentially perform excitation scanning at intervals of a first time interval threshold in the target area. Among them, the multiple vibrator sources in each group of vibrator sources are synchronously excited, the excitation time interval between different groups of vibrator sources is the first time interval threshold, and the minimum value of the distance interval between any two groups of vibrator sources is the first distance threshold. The first time interval threshold is determined according to the harmonic interference degree between different frequency division scanning signals and the first distance threshold;

[0049] Step 106: Receive the seismic data of each group of vibrator sources;

[0050] Step 107: Perform correlation processing on the seismic data collected by each group of vibrator sources and the synthetic reference signal respectively to obtain multiple correlated seismic single-shot data; the synthetic reference signal is vertically synthesized by multiple frequency division scanning signals.

[0051] From Figure 1It can be seen from the flow shown that in the embodiment of the present invention, according to the construction environment of the target area, the controllable vibroseis scanning parameters are determined, according to the controllable vibroseis scanning parameters, the first scanning signal is determined, the first scanning signal is used as the basic scanning signal, the first scanning signal is subjected to frequency division processing, and multiple frequency division scanning signals are obtained, these frequency division scanning signals are respectively loaded into different controllable vibroseis to form multiple controllable vibroseis groups, and the multiple controllable vibroseis groups are controlled to sequentially excite and scan at intervals of the first time interval threshold in the target area, wherein the multiple controllable vibroseis in each controllable vibroseis group are synchronously excited, which can not only greatly improve the efficiency of field construction, but also the aliasing noise of the acquired seismic data is small, and no special anti-aliasing processing is required in the data processing. At the same time, the method can give full play to the role of conventional controllable vibroseis, so that it can efficiently carry out low-frequency seismic exploration, improve the bandwidth of seismic data, improve seismic resolution, and especially improve deep geological data.

[0052] The following is a detailed explanation of the controllable vibrator synchronous excitation method in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0053] Firstly, the controllable vibrator scanning parameters are determined according to the construction environment of the target area; and the first scanning signal is determined according to the controllable vibrator scanning parameters as the basic scanning signal.

[0054] During specific implementation, the basic scanning signal of the vibrator frequency division scanning is designed according to the exploration requirements. For example, according to the seismic exploration target requirements of the work area and the analysis results of the existing seismic data, the vibrator scanning parameters such as the source scanning frequency range, scanning length and driving amplitude are determined, and the source scanning signal that meets the requirements is designed. During implementation, the source scanning signal can also be tested in the field to verify whether it meets the requirements and conforms to the construction environment of the target area.

[0055] The final determined source scanning signal is used as the basic scanning signal S(t) for the frequency division scanning signal design, i.e., the first scanning signal. The designed first scanning signal can be divided into two categories, one is a linear scanning signal, and the other is a user-defined scanning signal, such as Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a first scanning signal in an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 The signal above is a linear scanning signal. Figure 2 The signal below is the user-defined scanning signal.

[0056] Afterwards, the first scanning signal is frequency-divided to obtain a plurality of frequency-divided scanning signals.

[0057] That is, the basic scanning signal is split and designed into N divided frequency scanning signals.

[0058] In one embodiment, frequency division processing is performed on the first scanning signal to obtain multiple frequency division scanning signals, which may include:

[0059] Based on the first scanning signal, sequentially determine the number of frequency-divided scanning signals, the time length of each frequency-divided scanning signal, the starting ramp length, and the ending ramp length;

[0060] According to the number of divided frequency scanning signals, the time length of each divided frequency scanning signal, the starting ramp length and the ending ramp length, the first scanning signal is split and processed to obtain a plurality of split signals;

[0061] Each split signal is subjected to ramp processing to obtain a plurality of frequency-divided scanning signals.

[0062] Wherein, based on the first scanning signal, sequentially determining the number of frequency-divided scanning signals, the time length of each frequency-divided scanning signal, the starting ramp length, and the ending ramp length may include:

[0063] The number of frequency division scanning signals is determined according to the number of vibrators and the expected construction efficiency; the construction efficiency is the number of vibrators fired within a predetermined time period;

[0064] Based on the Gibbs effect, the time length, starting ramp length and ending ramp length of each frequency-divided scanning signal are determined in sequence according to the scanning length, starting ramp length, ending ramp length of the first scanning signal and the time length of the overlapping part between two preset adjacent frequency-divided scanning signals.

[0065] 1) Determine the number of frequency division scanning signals:

[0066] According to the number of controllable vibrators equipped in the seismic exploration project and the expected construction efficiency, such as the expected number of blasting per hour and the number of controllable vibrators, the basic scanning signal is split into N divided-frequency scanning signals, such as 2, 3, etc.

[0067] The determination of the number of split signals N is restricted by the length of the basic scanning signal and the total number of vibrators. The larger N is, the shorter the length of the frequency-divided scanning signal is, and the higher the construction efficiency is. However, the total number of vibrators for an exploration project is fixed. The larger N is, the more vibrators are needed for each group, and the fewer vibrators are grouped. The construction efficiency may not be further improved. Therefore, the determination of N requires finding a balance between the input of vibrators and the construction efficiency.

[0068] 2) Determine the duration of each frequency division scanning signal:

[0069] The basic scanning signal is divided into N frequency-divided scanning signals, and the time length of each frequency-divided scanning signal is the same. The calculation formula of the frequency-divided scanning signal length is as follows:

[0070] Given the termination slope length Tet of the first frequency division scanning signal 1And the time length T of the overlapping part between two adjacent frequency division scanning signals op , such as 600 milliseconds, 400 milliseconds, etc., then:

[0071] T d =(T 0 -Ts 0 -Te 0 )÷N

[0072] T=T d +Ts 0 +Tet 1 +0.5×T op

[0073] Where, T is the time length of the frequency division scanning signal, T d is the time length of the full-scale length of the basic scanning signal divided into N equal parts, T 0 is the scan length of the basic scan signal, T op It is the time length of the full-scale overlap between two adjacent frequency-divided scanning signals, Ts 0 is the starting ramp length of the basic scanning signal, Te 0 is the termination ramp length of the basic scanning signal, Tet 1 It is the termination ramp length of the first frequency division sweep signal.

[0074] Tet 1 The given criterion is that the spectrum of the first frequency-divided swept signal has a smaller Gibbs effect.

[0075] 3) Determine the starting slope length and ending slope length of each frequency division scanning signal:

[0076] Ts 1 =Ts 0

[0077] Tet 1 The time length of each frequency-divided scanning signal has been determined in the previous step.

[0078] Given Tst i ,i=2,3,…,N-1, then:

[0079] Tet i =T-Tst i -T d -T op i=2,3,…,N-1

[0080] Ts N =T-Te 0 -T d -0.5×T op

[0081] Tet N =Te 0

[0082] Where T is the scanning length of the frequency division scanning signal, T d is the time length of the full-scale length of the basic scanning signal divided into N equal parts, T op It is the time length of the full-scale overlap between two adjacent frequency-divided scanning signals, Tst i is the starting slope of the ith frequency-divided scanning signal, Tet i is the termination slope of the ith frequency division scanning signal, Ts 0 is the starting ramp length of the basic scanning signal, Te 0 is the termination ramp length of the basic sweep signal.

[0083] Ts i The given criterion is that the spectrum Gibbs effect of the i-th frequency division scanning signal is small.

[0084] In one embodiment, performing ramp processing on each split signal to obtain multiple frequency-divided scanning signals may include:

[0085] According to the scanning time of each split signal at the original first scanning signal, a corresponding filter function is set for each split signal;

[0086] Each split signal is filtered according to the filter function to obtain multiple frequency-divided scanning signals.

[0087] For example, after the above processing, the basic scanning signal S(t) is split into N segments of signals H i , each segment length is T, and the N segments of signals are:

[0088]

[0089] Then the split N-segment signal H is calculated according to the following formula: i To perform a slope treatment:

[0090] S i (t) = H i ×f i (i=1, 2, 3, ..., N)

[0091] In the formula, S i (t) is the i-th frequency division scanning signal, H i is the ith split signal, f i is the filter function designed for the i-th split signal, t is the scanning time, and the range is [0, T].

[0092] In one embodiment, setting a corresponding filter function for each split signal according to the scanning time of each split signal at the original first scanning signal may include:

[0093] Each split signal is sorted according to the scanning time of the original first scanning signal, a low-pass filter function is set for the first split signal, a high-pass filter function is set for the last split signal, and a band-pass filter function is set for the remaining split signals.

[0094] For example, the starting slope of the first split signal inherits the starting slope of the basic scanning signal, so the first split signal only designs the ending slope, that is, f 1 It is a low-pass filter; the termination slope of the last split signal inherits the termination slope of the basic scanning signal, so the last split signal only designs the starting slope, that is, f N is a high-pass filter; both ends of the split signal in the middle section need to be processed by ramp, so f i (i=2, 3, ..., N-1) is a bandpass filter.

[0095] Filter function f i The time window function used can be Hamming time window, Hanning time window or Blackman time window, or other window functions.

[0096] Filter function f i The time length is T.

[0097] Low pass filter f 1 The length of the high cut slope is Tet 1 ,

[0098] Bandpass filter f i The length of the low-cut slope is Tst i , the length of the high-cut slope is Tet i ,

[0099] High pass filter f N The length of the low-cut slope is Tst N .

[0100] After the above processing, multiple frequency division scanning signals are obtained.

[0101] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a filtering function in an embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3 The upper middle figure shows the filtering function when i=1; Figure 3 The middle figure shows the filtering function when i=2, 3, ..., N-1; Figure 3 The lower figure shows the filtering function when i=N.

[0102] Figure 4Schematic diagram of a frequency division scanning signal in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 As shown, according to the above process Figure 2 The basic scanning signal is split into 2 and 3 frequency-divided scanning signals and their amplitude spectra and related sub-waves according to N=2 and N=3 respectively.

[0103] In step 104, the frequency division scanning signal is loaded into different controllable seismic sources multiple times to obtain multiple controllable seismic source groups, wherein the number of controllable seismic sources in each controllable seismic source group is the same as the number of frequency division scanning signals, and the frequency division scanning signal loaded into any controllable seismic source in each controllable seismic source group is different.

[0104] Specifically, the N frequency division scanning signals designed above are respectively distributed to N controllable vibrators, that is, each controllable vibrator is loaded with a frequency division scanning signal, and the frequency division scanning signals are not repeated, and the N controllable vibrators are organized into the first group (G1);

[0105] Then the same N frequency-divided scanning signals are distributed to another N controllable vibrators, and these other N controllable vibrators are organized into the second group (G2), and so on. According to reasonable production organization, n groups of controllable vibrators can be set up to participate in the construction at the same time (n≥2).

[0106] Then in step 105, multiple controllable vibrator groups are controlled to operate in the target area.

[0107] Figure 5 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of synchronous excitation of a controllable vibrator in an embodiment of the present invention, referring to FIG. Figure 5 , the multiple controllable sources in each controllable source group G1…Gi are respectively loaded with the divided frequency signal S 1 (t)…S N (t), control multiple controllable seismic source groups G1...Gi to excite and scan in sequence, the excitation time interval of different controllable seismic source groups is the first time interval threshold Δt, that is, after the first group of seismic sources starts scanning Δt time, the second group of seismic sources can start scanning, ..., after the i-1th group of seismic sources starts scanning Δt time, the i-th group of seismic sources can start scanning, and so on, i=1,2,…,n.

[0108] The multiple controllable vibrators in each controllable vibrator group are excited synchronously.

[0109] Among them, the minimum distance interval between any two controllable seismic source groups is the first distance threshold Δd, and the first distance threshold Δd can be set arbitrarily according to the field construction site and working conditions. The first time interval threshold Δt is determined according to the degree of harmonic interference between different frequency-divided scanning signals and the first distance threshold Δd.

[0110] In one embodiment, the first time interval threshold may be determined as follows:

[0111] Loading all the frequency division scanning signals into any controllable vibrator, so that the controllable vibrator uses each frequency division scanning signal to excite scanning;

[0112] The force signal and the reference signal corresponding to the excitation of each divided frequency scanning signal are taken in turn, and the second time interval threshold corresponding to each divided frequency scanning signal is determined by using the degree of harmonic interference in the time-varying frequency spectrum of the cross-correlation between the force signal and the reference signal; the second time interval threshold reflects the minimum excitation time interval of the fundamental wave of the seismic data corresponding to the previous divided frequency scanning signal without the harmonic corresponding to the current divided frequency scanning signal contaminating;

[0113] taking the maximum value among the second time interval thresholds corresponding to all the frequency-divided scanning signals as the third time interval threshold;

[0114] The minimum distance between the first arrival waves of earthquakes excited by any two vibroseis groups without mutual interference to the target layer in their respective single shot data is recorded as the second distance;

[0115] When the first distance is not less than the second distance, the first time interval threshold is zero;

[0116] When the first distance is smaller than the second distance, the third time interval threshold is used as the first time interval threshold.

[0117] In the embodiment of the present invention, in order to reduce the influence of aliasing noise on seismic data as much as possible and avoid complex anti-aliasing processing, it is considered to avoid the interference of strong energy noise of adjacent shots, which requires a certain time interval and distance interval between adjacent seismic excitations. For the frequency division scanning combined synchronous excitation, it is mainly necessary to avoid two kinds of strong interference, one is the strong energy interference of adjacent shots, and the other is the strong harmonic interference of adjacent shots. To avoid the strong energy interference of adjacent shots, the time interval should be greater than the listening time length of the seismic record; to avoid the strong harmonic interference of adjacent shots, the harmonic interference of the frequency division scanning signal of the same frequency band is mainly considered, and the selection of the time interval should ensure that the strong energy order harmonic of the next shot cannot affect the fundamental wave of this shot.

[0118] For example, the first time interval threshold Δt may be determined according to the following steps:

[0119] (1) Load all the frequency-splitting scanning signals into the electronic control box of a controllable vibrator, select a typical surface area of ​​the work area as the test point, and use each frequency-splitting scanning signal to perform excitation scanning, and fire a few shots, such as 3 shots. Copy the test data such as force signal and reference signal from the electronic control box for the next step of analysis.

[0120] (2) Take a test data of a frequency-sweep signal and display the color time-varying frequency spectrum of the force signal and the reference signal according to the minimum -34 decibel (dB) color scale. Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the first time interval threshold and harmonic interference analysis in an embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figure 6,

[0121] ① Take the highest order harmonic that can be clearly displayed as the highest order harmonic that determines the minimum excitation time interval of the frequency division scanning signal, such as the third harmonic. Take the minimum excitation time interval when the harmonic does not pollute the fundamental wave of the previous shot's related signal as the minimum excitation time interval for the frequency division scanning signal. Figure 6 As shown, when the minimum excitation time interval between the second shot and the first shot is 9 seconds, the third harmonic of the second shot does not pollute the fundamental wave of the first shot, and the minimum excitation time interval of the frequency division scanning signal excitation can be determined to be 9 seconds.

[0122] ② If all harmonics of all orders are not clearly displayed, it means that the harmonics have little impact. At this time, the minimum excitation time interval of the frequency-divided scanning signal only needs to be greater than the seismic recording listening time.

[0123] (3) According to the method of step (2), the minimum excitation time interval Δt of all frequency division scanning signals is determined in sequence. i (i=1,2,…,N). In order to reduce the neighboring gun interference of all frequency-divided scanning signals, Δt needs to be the maximum value of all minimum excitation time intervals, that is:

[0124] Δt=max(Δt 1 ,Δt 2 ,…Δt N )

[0125] (4) If the first arrival waves of the two sets of seismic sources do not interfere with each other in the target layer of their respective single shot data, the minimum distance is d 0 (i.e., the second distance), then when the distance Δd between the two sets of vibrator sources is greater than or equal to d 0 , Δt can be 0, that is, when the distance Δd between a certain group of vibrators and all the vibrator groups being excited is not less than d 0 When the distance Δd between the two groups of controllable seismic sources is less than d0, the excitation time interval is the maximum value of all the above minimum excitation time intervals.

[0126] In one embodiment, the first time interval threshold may also be determined as follows:

[0127] A first time interval threshold is determined according to a custom time-space function; the custom time-space function reflects the relationship between the first time interval threshold and the first distance threshold, and is obtained according to construction requirements and mathematical modeling of a field construction environment.

[0128] During implementation, according to actual production needs and exploration objectives, such as special noise requirements proposed by users, users can also customize the time-space function Δt=f(Δd), that is, the relationship function between the time interval Δt between the controllable vibrator groups and the distance Δd between the vibrator groups. The requirements for the time interval and mutual distance between any two groups of controllable vibrators starting scanning follow the requirements of this function.

[0129] Finally, seismic data from each controllable source group is received; seismic data collected by each controllable source group and a synthetic reference signal are respectively used for correlation processing to obtain a plurality of correlated seismic single-shot data; the synthetic reference signal is synthesized by vertically superimposing a plurality of frequency-divided scanning signals.

[0130] During implementation, seismic data from each vibrator group is received and processed as follows.

[0131] (1) The length of each frequency-divided scanning signal is T, and the acquisition and recording time length is TL. When the seismic source is synchronously excited, uncorrelated seismic data A(t) with a length of T+TL is obtained.

[0132] (2) The synthetic reference signal B(t) is obtained using the following formula:

[0133] B(t)=S 1 (t)+S 2 (t)+…+S N (t)

[0134] refer to Figure 7 , Figure 7 Schematic diagram of a synthetic reference signal and its amplitude spectrum and related wavelets in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 7 Use in Figure 4 The synthetic reference signal and its amplitude spectrum and related sub-waves obtained by the three frequency-division scanning signals in the figure below.

[0135] (3) The seismic data A(t) is correlated with the synthetic reference signal B(t) to obtain single-shot data of length TL.

[0136] refer to Figure 8 , Figure 8 The single shot record before and after correlation in the embodiment of the present invention is shown in Figure 2. The synthetic reference signal B(t) can be loaded onto the seismic instrument to directly obtain the seismic records before and after correlation in field production. Figure 8 shown.

[0137] The following is an explanation of the synchronous excitation method of the vibrator in conjunction with a specific embodiment of a field test. The test equipment includes: 1 set of 428 instruments, 12 60,000-pound AHV-364 vibrators and 464 electric control cabinets. 1 receiving array, a total of 1441 receiving points, and the shot point spacing and the detection point spacing are both 12.5 meters. The source is scanned once, the driving amplitude is 75%, the recording listening time is 6s, the sampling rate is 4ms, and the uncorrelated records and related records are recorded simultaneously during the acquisition.

[0138] 1) Determine the vibrator scanning parameters according to the field construction environment; determine the first scanning signal as the basic scanning signal according to the vibrator scanning parameters.

[0139] According to the field construction environment, the seismic exploration target requirements of the work area, the analysis results of existing seismic data, etc., a user-defined nonlinear scanning signal S(t) with a sampling rate of 0.5 milliseconds (such as Fig. 9 As shown), scanning length 30s, scanning frequency 2-67.5Hz, starting ramp Ts 0 is 600ms, the termination ramp Te 0 It is 810ms, the driving amplitude is 75%, and field tests are carried out to finally determine the basic scanning signal.

[0140] 2) Split the basic scanning signal to generate a frequency-divided scanning signal.

[0141] ① Determine the number of frequency-divided scanning signals N that are split into the basic scanning signal

[0142] 12 controllable vibrators are put into use, with an expected construction efficiency of 480 shots per hour. The basic scanning signal S(t) is split into 3 (N=3) frequency-divided scanning signals, with 3 controllable vibrators in each group, for a total of 4 groups.

[0143] ②Determine the frequency division scanning signal length T

[0144] Given the termination slope Tet of the first frequency division scanning signal 1 The overlapping time length between two adjacent frequency division scanning signals is 1010ms. op is 600ms, then the time length of the full-scale length of the basic scanning signal divided into N equal parts is T d The scanning lengths T of the frequency-divided scanning signals are:

[0145] T d =(T 0 -Ts 0 -Te 0 )÷N=(30-0.6-0.81)÷3=9.53s

[0146] T=T d +Ts 0 +Tet1 +0.5×T op =9.53+0.6+1.01+0.5*0.6=11.44s

[0147] ③ Determine the start and end slopes of each frequency division scanning signal

[0148] Ts 1 =Ts 0 =600ms; Tet 1 Given as 1010ms

[0149] According to the principle of small Gibbs effect, given Tst 2 =600ms, then

[0150] Tet 2 =T-Tst 2 -T d -T op =11.44-0.6-9.53-0.6=0.71s

[0151] Tet 3 =Te 0 =810ms

[0152] Ts 3 =T-Te 0 -T d -0.5×T op =11.44-0.81-9.53-0.5×0.6=0.8s

[0153] ④ Cut the basic scanning signal S(t) into N (N=3) segments of signal H i

[0154] The length of each segment is T (11.44 seconds), that is, the value range of the time variable is [0, 11.44].

[0155] They are:

[0156]

[0157] ⑤ Then cut the signal H i Perform ramp processing to obtain N frequency-divided scanning signals S i (t).

[0158] The calculation formula is as follows:

[0159] S i (t) = H i ×f i (i=1, 2, 3)

[0160] According to the start and end slope lengths of each frequency-divided scanning signal, the filter function is designed separately, f 1 is a low-pass filter, f 2 is a bandpass filter, f 3 is a high-pass filter. Here, the Hamming time window is used, where

[0161] Low pass filter f 1 The length of the high cut slope is Tet 1 =1010ms

[0162] Bandpass filter f 2 The length of the low-cut slope is Tst 2 = 600ms, the high-cut slope length is Tet 2 =710ms

[0163] High pass filter f 3 The length of the low-cut slope is Tst 3 =800ms

[0164] The designed filter function is as follows: Fig.10 shown.

[0165] The length of each frequency division scanning signal is 11.44s, and the synthetic frequency band of the three signals is still 2-67.5Hz. Fig.11 Shown are the three designed frequency-division scanning signals, their amplitude spectra and related sub-waves.

[0166] 3) Determination of the minimum excitation time interval of the controllable seismic source group.

[0167] Load all the frequency-divided scanning signals into the electric control box of the controllable vibrator, select a test point on the test line in the work area, use each frequency-divided scanning signal to perform excitation scanning, and analyze the force signal and reference signal obtained in the test to determine the scanning time interval Δt.

[0168] Fig.12 is a schematic diagram of a time-varying frequency spectrum of the mutual correlation between the force signal and the reference signal in an embodiment of the present invention, Fig.12 The figure shows the time-varying frequency spectrum of the cross-correlation signal between the force signal and the reference signal. The upper left figure is the time-varying frequency spectrum of the cross-correlation signal of the first frequency division scanning signal in the low frequency band, the upper right figure is the time-varying frequency spectrum of the cross-correlation signal of the third frequency division scanning signal in the high frequency band, and the lower figure is the time-varying frequency spectrum of the cross-correlation signal of the second frequency division scanning signal in the medium frequency band. Fig.12 It can be seen that there is basically no obvious harmonic interference in the low-frequency and high-frequency cross-correlation signals, and the third harmonic of the mid-frequency cross-correlation signal in the figure below is relatively obvious.

[0169] Fig.13 This is another schematic diagram of the first time interval threshold and harmonic interference analysis in an embodiment of the present invention. Fig.13 It can be seen that when the interval between two shots is 9 seconds, the third harmonic does not interfere with the fundamental wave of the previous shot related signal.

[0170] Therefore, the inter-group excitation time intervals of the three frequency-divided scanning signals are:

[0171] Δt 1 = 6 seconds,

[0172] Δt 3 =6 seconds

[0173] Δt 2 =9 seconds

[0174] Therefore, the minimum excitation time interval of the frequency-scanning source group is determined as:

[0175] Δt=max(Δt 1 ,Δt 2 ,Δt 3 ) = 9 seconds

[0176] 4) Use frequency division scanning signal combination for synchronous excitation.

[0177] The 12 controllable vibrators are divided into 4 groups, with 3 vibrators in each group, and the distance between the controllable vibrators in each group is 4.5 km (e.g. Fig.14 As shown). The three frequency division scanning signals are loaded into the three controllable vibrators of each group. The three controllable vibrators of each group are excited synchronously, and the time interval between the excitations of the groups is 9s. That is, 9s after the first group is started, the second group is started, and after another 9s, the third group is started (the first group of controllable vibrators completes the excitation after 11.44 seconds and moves to the next excitation point), and so on.

[0178] 5) Synchronous excitation data correlation processing

[0179] The length of each scanning signal is 11.44s, the acquisition and recording time is 6s, and the length of the uncorrelated data A(t) after excitation is 17.44s. Obtain the synthetic reference signal:

[0180] B(t)=S 1 (t)+S 2 (t)+S 3 (t)

[0181] The synthetic reference signal and its amplitude spectrum and related wavelets are as follows: Fig.15 shown.

[0182] The synthetic reference signal B(t) is installed on the seismic instrument. In the field test, the seismic instrument directly obtains the seismic records before and after correlation. The single shot and spectrum after correlation are as follows: Fig.16 shown.

[0183] In summary, the embodiments of the present invention have the following beneficial technical effects:

[0184] 1) The embodiments of the present invention can give full play to the role of conventional controllable seismic sources, enable them to efficiently carry out low-frequency seismic exploration, increase the bandwidth of seismic data, and improve seismic resolution, especially the improvement of deep geological data is more obvious.

[0185] 2) By using the signal splitting method created by the embodiment of the present invention, any vibrator scanning signal can be split into several frequency-divided scanning signals. A long scanning signal can be split into several short scanning signals, which are applied to the field vibrator for synchronous excitation, which can greatly improve the construction efficiency.

[0186] 3) The synchronous excitation of the frequency-divided scanning signal combination created by the embodiment of the present invention can not only greatly improve the efficiency of field construction, but also the aliasing noise of the acquired seismic data is small, and no special anti-aliasing processing is required in data processing.

[0187] 4) By adopting the synchronous excitation data correlation processing method created by the embodiment of the present invention, the uncorrelated frequency-divided scanning combined synchronous excitation data can be correlated and processed indoors to obtain the original seismic single-shot data, and the original seismic single-shot data collected by the frequency-divided scanning combined synchronous excitation can be directly obtained on the seismic instrument during field construction.

[0188] The present invention also provides a controllable vibrator synchronous excitation device, as described in the following embodiments. Since the principle of the device to solve the problem is similar to that of the controllable vibrator synchronous excitation method, the implementation of the device can refer to the implementation of the controllable vibrator synchronous excitation method, and the repeated parts will not be repeated.

[0189] Fig.17 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a controllable vibrator synchronous excitation device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig.17 As shown, the device comprises:

[0190] The basic scanning signal determination module 1701 is used to determine the vibroseis scanning parameters according to the construction environment of the target area; and determine the first scanning signal according to the vibroseis scanning parameters;

[0191] The frequency division processing module 1702 is used to perform frequency division processing on the first scanning signal to obtain multiple frequency division scanning signals;

[0192] Field operation control module 1703 is used to load multiple frequency-division scanning signals into different controllable seismic sources for multiple times to obtain multiple controllable seismic source groups, wherein the number of controllable seismic sources in each controllable seismic source group is the same as the number of frequency-division scanning signals, and the frequency-division scanning signals loaded into any controllable seismic source in each controllable seismic source group are different; control multiple controllable seismic source groups to sequentially excite and scan in the target area, wherein multiple controllable seismic sources in each controllable seismic source group are synchronously excited, the excitation time interval of different controllable seismic source groups is a first time interval threshold, the minimum distance interval between any two controllable seismic source groups is a first distance threshold, and the first time interval threshold is determined according to the degree of harmonic interference between different frequency-division scanning signals and the first distance threshold;

[0193] The data processing module 1704 is used to receive the seismic data of each controllable source group; perform correlation processing using the seismic data collected by each controllable source group and the synthetic reference signal to obtain multiple correlated seismic single-shot data; the synthetic reference signal is synthesized by vertically superimposing multiple frequency-divided scanning signals.

[0194] In one embodiment, the frequency division processing module 1702 is specifically used for:

[0195] Based on the first scanning signal, sequentially determine the number of frequency-divided scanning signals, the time length of each frequency-divided scanning signal, the starting ramp length, and the ending ramp length;

[0196] According to the number of divided frequency scanning signals, the time length of each divided frequency scanning signal, the starting ramp length and the ending ramp length, the first scanning signal is split and processed to obtain a plurality of split signals;

[0197] Each split signal is subjected to ramp processing to obtain a plurality of frequency-divided scanning signals.

[0198] In one embodiment, the frequency division processing module 1702 is specifically used for:

[0199] The number of frequency division scanning signals is determined according to the number of vibrators and the expected construction efficiency; the construction efficiency is the number of vibrators fired within a predetermined time period;

[0200] Based on the Gibbs effect, the time length, starting ramp length and ending ramp length of each frequency-divided scanning signal are determined in sequence according to the scanning length, starting ramp length, ending ramp length of the first scanning signal and the time length of the overlapping part between two preset adjacent frequency-divided scanning signals.

[0201] In one embodiment, the frequency division processing module 1702 is specifically used for:

[0202] According to the scanning time of each split signal at the original first scanning signal, a corresponding filter function is set for each split signal;

[0203] Each split signal is filtered according to the filter function to obtain multiple frequency-divided scanning signals.

[0204] In one embodiment, the frequency division processing module 1702 is specifically used for:

[0205] Each split signal is sorted according to the scanning time of the original first scanning signal, a low-pass filter function is set for the first split signal, a high-pass filter function is set for the last split signal, and a band-pass filter function is set for the remaining split signals.

[0206] In one embodiment, the first time interval threshold is determined as follows:

[0207] Loading all the frequency division scanning signals into any controllable vibrator, so that the controllable vibrator uses each frequency division scanning signal to excite scanning;

[0208] The force signal and the reference signal corresponding to the excitation of each divided frequency scanning signal are taken in turn, and the second time interval threshold corresponding to each divided frequency scanning signal is determined by using the degree of harmonic interference in the time-varying frequency spectrum of the cross-correlation between the force signal and the reference signal; the second time interval threshold reflects the minimum excitation time interval of the fundamental wave of the seismic data corresponding to the previous divided frequency scanning signal without the harmonic corresponding to the current divided frequency scanning signal contaminating;

[0209] taking the maximum value among the second time interval thresholds corresponding to all the frequency-divided scanning signals as the third time interval threshold;

[0210] The minimum distance between the first arrival waves of earthquakes excited by any two vibroseis groups without mutual interference to the target layer in their respective single shot data is recorded as the second distance;

[0211] When the first distance is not less than the second distance, the first time interval threshold is zero;

[0212] When the first distance is smaller than the second distance, the third time interval threshold is used as the first time interval threshold.

[0213] In one embodiment, the first time interval threshold is determined as follows:

[0214] A first time interval threshold is determined according to a custom time-space function; the custom time-space function reflects the relationship between the first time interval threshold and the first distance threshold, and is obtained according to construction requirements and mathematical modeling of a field construction environment.

[0215] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the above-mentioned controllable vibroseis synchronous excitation method when executing the computer program.

[0216] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the above-mentioned controllable vibroseis synchronous excitation method is implemented.

[0217] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the above-mentioned controllable vibroseis synchronous excitation method is implemented.

[0218] In an embodiment of the present invention, a controllable seismic source scanning parameter is determined according to the construction environment of the target area, a first scanning signal is determined according to the controllable seismic source scanning parameter, the first scanning signal is used as a basic scanning signal, and the first scanning signal is frequency-divided to obtain a plurality of frequency-divided scanning signals, these frequency-divided scanning signals are respectively loaded into different controllable seismic sources to form a plurality of controllable seismic source groups, and the plurality of controllable seismic source groups are controlled to sequentially excite and scan at intervals of a first time interval threshold in the target area, wherein the plurality of controllable seismic sources in each controllable seismic source group are synchronously excited, which can not only greatly improve the efficiency of field construction, but also reduce the aliasing noise of the acquired seismic data, and no special anti-aliasing processing is required in data processing.

[0219] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that embodiments of the present invention may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention may take the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware. Moreover, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0220] The present invention is described with reference to flowcharts and / or block diagrams of methods, devices (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that each process and / or block in the flowchart and / or block diagram, as well as the combination of processes and / or blocks in the flowchart and / or block diagram, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device generate instructions for implementing the processes in the flowchart and / or block diagram. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in a block or multiple blocks.

[0221] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory capable of directing a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising an instruction device, which implements the process Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A function specified in one or more boxes.

[0222] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operating steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions for implementing the process. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps for the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0223] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the objectives, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for synchronous excitation of vibroseis sources, It is characterized in that include: Determine the vibroseis scanning parameters according to the construction environment of the target area; Determining a first scanning signal according to the vibrator scanning parameters; Performing frequency division processing on the first scanning signal to obtain a plurality of frequency division scanning signals; Loading a plurality of frequency-divided scanning signals to different vibrators for multiple times to obtain a plurality of vibrator groups, wherein the number of vibrators in each vibrator group is the same as the number of frequency-divided scanning signals, and the frequency-divided scanning signals loaded into any vibrator in each vibrator group are different; Controlling multiple controllable source groups to sequentially excite and scan in the target area, wherein multiple controllable source groups in each controllable source group are synchronously excited, the excitation time interval of different controllable source groups is a first time interval threshold, the minimum distance interval between any two controllable source groups is a first distance, and the first time interval threshold is determined according to the harmonic interference degree between different frequency division scanning signals and the first distance; receiving seismic data collected by each vibrator group; Seismic data collected by each controllable source group and a synthetic reference signal are respectively used for correlation processing to obtain a plurality of correlated seismic single-shot data; the synthetic reference signal is synthesized by vertically superimposing a plurality of frequency-divided scanning signals.

2. The method according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The first scanning signal is subjected to frequency division processing to obtain a plurality of frequency division scanning signals, including: Based on the first scanning signal, sequentially determine the number of frequency-divided scanning signals, the time length of each frequency-divided scanning signal, the starting ramp length, and the ending ramp length; According to the number of divided frequency scanning signals, the time length of each divided frequency scanning signal, the starting ramp length and the ending ramp length, the first scanning signal is split and processed to obtain a plurality of split signals; Each split signal is subjected to ramp processing to obtain a plurality of frequency-divided scanning signals.

3. The method according to claim 2, It is characterized in that Based on the first scanning signal, the number of frequency-divided scanning signals, the time length of each frequency-divided scanning signal, the starting ramp length and the ending ramp length are sequentially determined, including: The number of frequency division scanning signals is determined according to the number of vibrators and the expected construction efficiency; the construction efficiency is the number of vibrators fired within a predetermined time period; Based on the Gibbs effect, the time length, starting ramp length and ending ramp length of each frequency-divided scanning signal are determined in sequence according to the scanning length, starting ramp length, ending ramp length of the first scanning signal and the time length of the overlapping part between two preset adjacent frequency-divided scanning signals.

4. The method according to claim 2, It is characterized in that Each split signal is subjected to ramp processing to obtain multiple frequency-divided scanning signals, including: According to the scanning time of each split signal at the original first scanning signal, a corresponding filter function is set for each split signal; Each split signal is filtered according to the filter function to obtain multiple frequency-divided scanning signals.

5. The method according to claim 4, It is characterized in that According to the scanning time of each split signal at the original first scanning signal, a corresponding filtering function is set for each split signal, including: Each split signal is sorted according to the scanning time of the original first scanning signal, a low-pass filter function is set for the first split signal, a high-pass filter function is set for the last split signal, and a band-pass filter function is set for the remaining split signals.

6. The method according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The first time interval threshold is determined as follows: Loading all the frequency division scanning signals into any controllable vibrator, so that the controllable vibrator uses each frequency division scanning signal to excite scanning; The force signal and the reference signal corresponding to the excitation of each divided frequency scanning signal are taken in turn, and the second time interval threshold corresponding to each divided frequency scanning signal is determined by using the degree of harmonic interference in the time-varying frequency spectrum of the cross-correlation between the force signal and the reference signal; the second time interval threshold reflects the minimum excitation time interval of the fundamental wave of the seismic data corresponding to the previous divided frequency scanning signal without the harmonic corresponding to the current divided frequency scanning signal contaminating; taking the maximum value among the second time interval thresholds corresponding to all the frequency-divided scanning signals as the third time interval threshold; The minimum distance between the first arrival waves of earthquakes excited by any two vibroseis groups without mutual interference to the target layer in their respective single shot data is recorded as the second distance; When the first distance is not less than the second distance, the first time interval threshold is zero; When the first distance is smaller than the second distance, the third time interval threshold is used as the first time interval threshold.

7. The method according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The first time interval threshold is determined as follows: A first time interval threshold is determined according to a custom space-time function; the custom space-time function reflects the relationship between the first time interval threshold and the first distance threshold, and is obtained according to construction requirements and mathematical modeling of a field construction environment.

8. A controllable vibrator synchronous excitation device, It is characterized in that include: The basic scanning signal determination module is used to determine the controllable vibrator scanning parameters according to the construction environment of the target area; and determine the first scanning signal according to the controllable vibrator scanning parameters; A frequency division processing module, used for performing frequency division processing on the first scanning signal to obtain multiple frequency division scanning signals; A field operation control module is used to load multiple frequency-division scanning signals into different controllable seismic sources for multiple times to obtain multiple controllable seismic source groups, wherein the number of controllable seismic sources in each controllable seismic source group is the same as the number of frequency-division scanning signals, and the frequency-division scanning signals loaded into any controllable seismic source in each controllable seismic source group are different; control multiple controllable seismic source groups to sequentially excite and scan in a target area, wherein multiple controllable seismic sources in each controllable seismic source group are synchronously excited, the excitation time interval of different controllable seismic source groups is a first time interval threshold, the minimum distance interval between any two controllable seismic source groups is a first distance threshold, and the first time interval threshold is determined according to the degree of harmonic interference between different frequency-division scanning signals and the first distance threshold; The data processing module is used to receive the seismic data collected by each controllable source group; the seismic data collected by each controllable source group and the synthetic reference signal are used for correlation processing to obtain a plurality of correlated seismic single shot data; the synthetic reference signal is synthesized by vertically superimposing a plurality of frequency division scanning signals.

9. A computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, It is characterized in that When the processor executes the computer program, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is implemented.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, It is characterized in that The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is implemented.

11. A computer program product, It is characterized in that The computer program product comprises a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is implemented.

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