Design method and system of fabricated house building based on BIM (Building Information Modeling)

Abstract

The invention discloses a BIM-based prefabricated house building design method and system, and relates to the technical field of building information modeling, the system obtains meteorological data and geological data of a building location, combines a BIM tool to carry out virtual three-dimensional modeling, generates a building performance data set, and further calculates a building comprehensive performance index zhx; performing preliminary building performance evaluation with a preset building performance index threshold value Z; when the preliminary building performance evaluation is that the building design meets the standard, calculating a comprehensive comfort level performance index sdx, and performing deep building living comfort level performance evaluation on the comprehensive comfort level performance index sdx and a preset building comfort level performance threshold value M; if the standard is met, the building comfort degree design meets the requirement; otherwise, the system generates an optimization scheme and performs iterative analysis. According to the system, comprehensive performance analysis and automatic optimization in the prefabricated building design process can be achieved, and the intelligent level and the living comfort of building design are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of building information modeling, and in particular to a design method and system for prefabricated house buildings based on BIM. Background Art

[0002] With the development of informatization in the construction industry, BIM tools have become an indispensable technical means in modern building design. BIM can not only provide digital three-dimensional visualization models for construction projects, but also integrate data from different stages, optimize design processes and improve design accuracy. Especially in the design of prefabricated housing buildings, the advantages of BIM are particularly prominent. Prefabricated buildings adopt modular design. Through the splicing and assembly of prefabricated building components, the construction period can be effectively shortened, the construction cost can be reduced, and the building quality can be ensured. As the impact of building performance and comfort performance on living quality has received increasing attention, BIM tools not only support the structural and functional design of buildings, but also can simulate and analyze buildings. In addition, the combination of BIM tools and external analysis plug-ins enables buildings to obtain key indicators in the design stage, providing a scientific basis for comfort performance analysis.

[0003] Although the existing building performance evaluation and comfort performance analysis provide a relatively comprehensive evaluation system for building design, there are still some limitations in practice. At present, many building designs rely on conventional performance indicators. Although the evaluation of these parameters helps to optimize building performance, it often ignores the impact of regional climate change, the particularity of the geological environment, and the modular design of buildings on the overall performance. In addition, many traditional building performance analysis methods rely too much on empirical data, rather than in-depth analysis through refined simulation and parametric modeling, which makes it difficult to accurately predict the actual performance of building designs when faced with complex environmental factors. In terms of comfort performance analysis, existing methods generally lack dynamism, are not easy to track the changing environmental conditions during the use of the building in real time, and cannot fully reflect the comfort experience of residents in actual living. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a design method and system for prefabricated house buildings based on BIM, which solves the problems in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: a design system for prefabricated housing buildings based on BIM, including a BIM data modeling module, a building performance analysis module, a comprehensive performance evaluation module, a comfort performance analysis module and a comprehensive comfort evaluation module;

[0006] The BIM data modeling module uses BIM tools to build a BIM building model of the entire building in proportion to the building's planning drawings, then imports meteorological data and geological data into external analysis plug-ins for analysis, and feeds back to the BIM building model through the API interface to obtain the building performance data group;

[0007] The building performance analysis module is used to conduct preliminary analysis of various building performances based on the building performance data set;

[0008] The comprehensive performance evaluation module is used to comprehensively analyze the building performance index of the preliminary analysis and to conduct a preliminary building performance evaluation with the preset building performance index threshold Z;

[0009] The comfort performance analysis module is used to analyze the comfort performance of the building based on the comfort performance data group when the preliminary building performance assessment shows that the building design meets the standards;

[0010] The comprehensive comfort evaluation module is used to comprehensively summarize and analyze the analysis results of the comprehensive performance evaluation module and the comfort performance analysis module, and to conduct in-depth building living comfort performance evaluation with the preset building comfort performance threshold M.

[0011] Preferably, the BIM data modeling module includes a data acquisition unit, a BIM model building unit, a data extraction unit and a data processing unit;

[0012] The data acquisition unit is used to acquire meteorological data and geological data through the meteorological data platform and geological data platform of the building location according to the API interface;

[0013] The BIM model construction unit is used to construct a virtual three-dimensional house model of the same proportion as the entire building based on the building planning drawings using BIM tools, and to conduct modular design of the house, decomposing the entire building into several standardized components, and to perform parametric modeling according to the characteristics of prefabricated buildings, to add building components, design HVAC systems, install electrical equipment, define building materials, material properties, and configure equipment parameters to construct a BIM building model;

[0014] Preferably, the data extraction unit is used to establish a communication connection between the BIM tool and the external analysis plug-in through the API interface, then convert the meteorological data and geological data into the IFC format, import the converted meteorological data and geological data into the external analysis plug-in through the API interface, analyze the building energy efficiency and geological structure through the external analysis plug-in, form a three-dimensional meteorological model and a three-dimensional digital terrain model, and feed back the analysis results to the BIM tool through the API interface;

[0015] External analysis plug-ins include energy efficiency analysis plug-in and GeoStudio geotechnical software;

[0016] The data processing unit is used to perform data cleaning, missing value filling, outlier detection, dimensionless processing and in-depth analysis on the meteorological data and geological data of the constructed BIM building model based on the Revit cloud analysis service tool in the BIM modeling software, so as to obtain the building performance data group;

[0017] The building performance data group includes the temperature change thermal effect data group, energy efficiency adaptation data group, earthquake response data group and comfort performance data group;

[0018] The temperature change thermal effect data set includes wall temperature wd, building air exchange rate ce, wind speed fs, solar radiation efficiency fx and temperature change amplitude pv;

[0019] The energy efficiency adaptation data set includes terrain variation coefficient ∆te, roof thermal conductivity sr and seasonal temperature difference ds;

[0020] The earthquake response data set includes soil density md, soil damping tz, building displacement vector u(x,y,z) and earthquake acceleration field g(x,y,z);

[0021] The comfort performance data set includes ventilation efficiency cv, air quality air and shading effectiveness zy.

[0022] Preferably, the building performance analysis module includes a thermal effect variation analysis unit, an energy efficiency adaptation analysis unit and a seismic response analysis unit;

[0023] The thermal effect change analysis unit is used to perform summary calculations based on the acquired temperature change thermal effect data group, obtain the temperature change thermal effect change index wrb, and quantify the thermal management changes of the building under the influence of the environment;

[0024] The temperature change thermal effect variation index wrb is calculated by the following formula:

[0025] ;

[0026] Where wd 0 represents the wall temperature at the initial moment, It represents the spatial second-order derivative of the temperature inside the wall, describing the change of temperature with the wall thickness and position. x represents the spatial coordinate along the wall thickness direction inside the wall, exp represents the exponential decay function, k1 represents the thermal conductivity of the wall, k2 represents the wind speed influence coefficient, k3 represents the solar radiation attenuation coefficient, k1, k2 and k3 are set by the user according to the actual situation, and dt represents the time calculus quantity;

[0027] The energy efficiency adaptation analysis unit is used to perform summary calculations based on the acquired energy efficiency adaptation data group, obtain the energy efficiency adaptation correction index nxs, and quantify the energy consumption of the building throughout its life cycle;

[0028] The energy efficiency adaptation correction index nxs is calculated by the following formula:

[0029] ;

[0030] Where, T life Indicates the planned life cycle of a building. Indicates the material heat capacity coefficient, which is set according to the material used;

[0031] The seismic response analysis unit is used to perform summary calculations based on the acquired seismic response data group to obtain the seismic response safety factor dxa, and to quantify the accumulation of long-term vibration effects by analyzing the seismic effects within the life cycle;

[0032] The earthquake response safety factor dxa is calculated by the following formula;

[0033] ;

[0034] Where, T life Indicates the planned use period of the building, A base represents the building bottom contact area, Indicates the tensile and compressive strength of the material, which is set according to the material properties. represents the Laplace operator, It represents the displacement change of the building under the action of earthquake. represents the displacement vector of the building at position (x, y, z) at time t, g(x, y, z) is the earthquake acceleration field, represents the earthquake acceleration at position (x, y, z), dA and dt represent the area calculus and time calculus in the integral respectively.

[0035] Preferably, the comprehensive performance evaluation module includes a building performance analysis unit and a building comprehensive performance evaluation unit;

[0036] The building performance analysis unit is used to summarize and calculate the obtained temperature change thermal effect change index wrb, energy efficiency adaptation correction index nxs and earthquake response safety factor dxa to obtain the building comprehensive performance index zhx.

[0037] The building comprehensive performance index zhx is calculated by the following formula;

[0038] ;

[0039] Where, T life Indicates the planned life cycle of a building. is the second-order derivative of the wall temperature changing with time, indicating the acceleration of the wall temperature change. represents the variation of building energy efficiency in space, It represents the influence of structural safety on the comprehensive performance of the building, and dt represents the time calculus quantity.

[0040] Preferably, the building comprehensive performance evaluation unit presets the building performance index threshold Z based on the industry standard, and performs a preliminary building performance evaluation with the acquired building comprehensive performance index zhx. The specific evaluation scheme is as follows;

[0041] When the building comprehensive performance index zhx ≥ the building performance index threshold Z, the building design meets the standard, and the living comfort of the personnel is further analyzed;

[0042] When the building comprehensive performance index zhx is less than the building performance index threshold Z, the building design does not meet the standards. At this time, an optimization plan is generated and the optimization data is transmitted to the building performance analysis module for iterative evaluation until the building design meets the standards.

[0043] Preferably, the comfort performance analysis module is used to perform summary calculations based on the acquired comfort performance data group when the preliminary building performance assessment shows that the building design meets the standards, and obtain the comfort adjustment index SSD, which quantifies the comfort of the building for the residents;

[0044] The comfort adjustment index ssd is calculated by the following formula;

[0045] ;

[0046] In the formula, cv(t) represents the ventilation efficiency at time t, It indicates the effective radiation efficiency of sunlight hitting the building surface, which is set according to the material used. opt Indicates the ideal temperature for human comfort, rw avg Indicates the actual average temperature.

[0047] Preferably, the comprehensive comfort evaluation module includes a comprehensive comfort analysis unit and a comprehensive comfort evaluation unit;

[0048] The comprehensive comfort analysis unit is used to perform summary calculation based on the obtained building comprehensive performance index zhx and comfort adjustment index ssd, obtain the comprehensive comfort performance index sdx, and quantify the impact of comprehensive factors on the comfort of building design;

[0049] The comprehensive comfort performance index sdx is calculated by the following formula;

[0050] ;

[0051] Where zhx(t) represents the comprehensive building performance index zhx at time t, ssd(t) represents the comfort adaptation index at time t, ln represents the logarithmic function, and α represents the correction constant of the sensitivity of change between the comprehensive comfort performance index sdx and the comfort adaptation index ssd.

[0052] Preferably, the comprehensive comfort evaluation unit presets the building comfort performance threshold M based on the building industry comfort standard, and performs in-depth building living comfort performance evaluation with the obtained comprehensive comfort performance index sdx. The specific evaluation scheme is as follows;

[0053] When the comprehensive comfort performance index sdx ≥ building comfort performance threshold M, the building comfort design meets the standard;

[0054] When the comprehensive comfort performance index sdx ≥ the building comfort performance threshold M, the building comfort design does not meet the standards, the building materials are optimized and replaced, and the optimized data is transmitted to the building performance analysis module for iterative analysis.

[0055] A design method for prefabricated housing buildings based on BIM, comprising the following steps:

[0056] S1. Based on the architectural planning drawings, use BIM tools to construct a BIM building model of the entire building in proportion to the building, then import meteorological data and geological data into an external analysis plug-in for analysis, and feed it back to the BIM building model through the API interface to obtain the building performance data set;

[0057] S2. Perform summary calculation based on the acquired building performance data set to obtain the temperature change thermal effect variation index wrb, energy efficiency adaptation correction index nxs and earthquake response safety factor dxa;

[0058] S3. Based on the obtained temperature change thermal effect variation index wrb, energy efficiency adaptation correction index nxs and earthquake response safety factor dxa, a summary calculation is performed to obtain the building comprehensive performance index zhx, and a preliminary building performance evaluation is performed with the preset building performance index threshold Z;

[0059] S4. When the preliminary building performance assessment shows that the building design meets the standards, a summary calculation is performed based on the acquired comfort performance data set to obtain a comfort adjustment index SSD;

[0060] S5. Based on the obtained building comprehensive performance index zhx and comfort adjustment index ssd, a summary calculation is performed to obtain the comprehensive comfort performance index sdx, and an in-depth building living comfort performance evaluation is performed with the preset building comfort performance threshold M.

[0061] The present invention provides a design method and system for prefabricated housing buildings based on BIM. It has the following beneficial effects:

[0062] (1) The BIM data modeling module of the system obtains detailed meteorological data and geological data by combining with the meteorological data platform and the geological data platform. These data provide a scientific basis for the creation of the BIM model. On the basis of the building planning drawings, the BIM tool is used to perform proportional three-dimensional modeling of the house to ensure the accuracy and practicality of the virtual building model. The data extraction unit communicates with the external analysis plug-in through the API interface, converts the meteorological data and geological data into IFC format, and imports them into the external analysis plug-in for detailed analysis. The three-dimensional meteorological model and terrain model are generated by the energy efficiency analysis plug-in and GeoStudio geotechnical software. After in-depth analysis by the data processing unit, a complete building performance data set is obtained, including the temperature change thermal effect data set, the energy efficiency adaptation data set, the seismic response data set, and the comfort performance data set.

[0063] (2) The building performance analysis module of the system generates the temperature change thermal effect variation index wrb, the energy efficiency adaptation correction index nxs and the seismic response safety factor dxa through the summary calculation of the thermal effect variation analysis unit, the energy efficiency adaptation analysis unit and the seismic response analysis unit. These indexes quantify the response of the building under environmental changes, energy consumption and earthquakes, respectively, and provide a basis for the comprehensive performance evaluation of the building. Based on these performance indicators, the comprehensive performance evaluation module calculates the building comprehensive performance index zhx, and compares it with the preset building performance index threshold Z to determine whether the building meets the standard. If it does not meet the standard, an optimization plan is generated and fed back to the building performance analysis module for iterative optimization.

[0064] (3) The comfort performance analysis module of the system calculates the comfort adjustment index ssd based on the comfort performance data set, based on the premise that the preliminary building performance assessment meets the standards, to quantify the impact of the building on the comfort of the residents. The comprehensive comfort evaluation module combines the building comprehensive performance index zhx and the comfort adjustment index ssd to further calculate the comprehensive comfort performance index sdx, and compares and evaluates it with the preset building comfort performance threshold M. Through the in-depth analysis and optimization of the system, it can ultimately ensure that the building meets high standards in terms of performance, safety, energy efficiency and living comfort, and promote the intelligent and refined design and optimization of prefabricated housing buildings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0065] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a design system flow of a prefabricated house building based on BIM according to the present invention;

[0066] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the steps of a design method for a prefabricated house building based on BIM of the present invention;

[0067] Figure 3 It is a line graph showing the changes of the building comprehensive performance index zhx and the comprehensive comfort performance index sdx over time. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0068] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0069] Example 1, please refer to Figure 1 The present invention provides a design system for prefabricated housing buildings based on BIM. To achieve the above purpose, the present invention is implemented through the following technical scheme: including a BIM data modeling module, a building performance analysis module, a comprehensive performance evaluation module, a comfort performance analysis module and a comprehensive comfort evaluation module;

[0070] The BIM data modeling module uses BIM tools to build a BIM building model of the entire building in proportion to the building's planning drawings, then imports meteorological data and geological data into external analysis plug-ins for analysis, and feeds back to the BIM building model through the API interface to obtain the building performance data group;

[0071] The building performance analysis module is used to conduct preliminary analysis of various building performances based on the building performance data set;

[0072] The comprehensive performance evaluation module is used to comprehensively analyze the building performance index of the preliminary analysis and to conduct a preliminary building performance evaluation with the preset building performance index threshold Z;

[0073] The comfort performance analysis module is used to analyze the comfort performance of the building based on the comfort performance data group when the preliminary building performance assessment shows that the building design meets the standards;

[0074] The comprehensive comfort evaluation module is used to comprehensively summarize and analyze the analysis results of the comprehensive performance evaluation module and the comfort performance analysis module, and to conduct in-depth building living comfort performance evaluation with the preset building comfort performance threshold M.

[0075] In this embodiment, the BIM data modeling module uses the BIM tool to build a virtual three-dimensional model based on the building planning drawings, and imports meteorological data and geological data into the external analysis plug-in, and uses the API interface to feed back to the BIM building model to obtain the building performance data group. This process ensures the high integration of environmental data and building models in building design, and provides accurate data support for subsequent performance analysis. The building performance analysis module analyzes the acquired building performance data group and performs preliminary building performance index calculations, including the temperature change thermal effect change index wrb, the energy efficiency adaptation correction index nxs and the seismic response safety factor dxa, to provide a quantitative evaluation of building performance. The comprehensive performance evaluation module performs a comprehensive analysis based on these building performance indexes, obtains the building comprehensive performance index zhx, and compares it with the preset building performance index threshold Z to determine whether the building design meets the standard. When the comprehensive evaluation result meets the standard, the comfort performance analysis stage is entered. The comfort performance analysis module analyzes the comfort performance of the building based on the acquired comfort performance data group to ensure the comfort of the living environment. In the case of compliance with the standards, the comprehensive comfort evaluation module aggregates and calculates the analysis results of the comprehensive performance evaluation module and the comfort performance analysis module to obtain the comprehensive comfort performance index sdx, and compares it with the preset building comfort performance threshold M to conduct an in-depth building living comfort performance evaluation to ensure that the building not only meets the safety and energy efficiency standards, but also provides ideal living comfort. Through this system, architectural design can not only comprehensively evaluate building performance, but also accurately analyze and optimize comfort, taking full account of environmental factors and occupant needs. Compared with traditional design methods, the system can achieve in-depth analysis and quantitative evaluation of various building performances, avoiding the shortcomings of relying on experience judgment and later modifications, thereby significantly improving the safety, energy efficiency and living comfort of the building, and providing a more efficient, reliable and comfortable building design solution.

[0076] Example 2: This example is an explanation of Example 1. Figure 1 ,Specifically: The BIM data modeling module includes a data acquisition unit, a BIM model construction unit, a data extraction unit, and a data processing unit;

[0077] The data acquisition unit is used to acquire meteorological data and geological data through the meteorological data platform and geological data platform of the building location according to the API interface;

[0078] The BIM model construction unit is used to construct a virtual three-dimensional house model of the same proportion as the entire building based on the building planning drawings using BIM tools, and to conduct modular design of the house, decomposing the entire building into several standardized components, and to perform parametric modeling according to the characteristics of prefabricated buildings, to add building components, design HVAC systems, install electrical equipment, define building materials, material properties, and configure equipment parameters to construct a BIM building model;

[0079] Meteorological data include air quality air, wind speed fs, solar radiation efficiency fx, temperature variation pv and seasonal temperature difference ds;

[0080] Geological data include soil density md and soil damping tz.

[0081] The data extraction unit is used to establish a communication connection between the BIM tool and the external analysis plug-in through the API interface, and then convert the meteorological data and geological data into the IFC format, import the converted meteorological data and geological data into the external analysis plug-in through the API interface, analyze the building energy efficiency and geological structure through the external analysis plug-in, form a three-dimensional meteorological model and a three-dimensional digital terrain model, and feed back the analysis results to the BIM tool through the API interface;

[0082] External analysis plug-ins include energy efficiency analysis plug-in and GeoStudio geotechnical software;

[0083] The data processing unit is used to perform data cleaning, missing value filling, outlier detection, dimensionless processing and in-depth analysis on the meteorological data and geological data of the constructed BIM building model based on the Revit cloud analysis service tool in the BIM modeling software, so as to obtain the building performance data group;

[0084] In-depth analysis and processing includes the following:

[0085] Based on the acquired geological data, the digital elevation model DEM is used to obtain the terrain variation coefficient ∆te;

[0086] Calculate the roof thermal conductivity sr using the heat conduction formula based on the roof structure and material properties;

[0087] The wall temperature wd is calculated using the building energy efficiency simulation software based on the meteorological data of the building location and the material properties of the wall;

[0088] According to the ventilation design of the building, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software is used to calculate the building air exchange rate (ce) and ventilation efficiency (cv);

[0089] According to the shading design scheme of the BIM building model, the solar radiation analysis software performs sunlight analysis, and combines the radiation blocking effect of windows and shading materials to calculate the shading efficiency zy;

[0090] The building performance data group includes the temperature change thermal effect data group, energy efficiency adaptation data group, earthquake response data group and comfort performance data group;

[0091] The temperature change thermal effect data set includes wall temperature wd, building air exchange rate ce, wind speed fs, solar radiation efficiency fx and temperature change amplitude pv;

[0092] The energy efficiency adaptation data set includes terrain variation coefficient ∆te, roof thermal conductivity sr and seasonal temperature difference ds;

[0093] The earthquake response data set includes soil density md, soil damping tz, building displacement vector u(x,y,z) and earthquake acceleration field g(x,y,z);

[0094] The comfort performance data set includes ventilation efficiency cv, air quality air and shading effectiveness zy.

[0095] In this embodiment, through the design of the BIM data modeling module, the system realizes the high integration and intelligence of building design and performance analysis. The data acquisition unit provides accurate environmental parameters for building design by acquiring meteorological data and geological data, and the BIM model construction unit seamlessly combines these data with building planning to construct a virtual three-dimensional model that meets the characteristics of prefabricated buildings, and through modular and parametric design, each component of the building can be accurately calculated and optimized. This precise virtual modeling provides an important basis for subsequent building performance analysis, especially in terms of meteorological, energy efficiency, geological and comfort performance. The data extraction unit realizes multi-dimensional and cross-platform analysis of meteorological data and geological data through integration with external analysis plug-ins, which can not only generate three-dimensional meteorological and digital terrain models, but also accurately feedback building performance data, greatly improving the scientificity and foresight of building design. Through in-depth analysis and processing, the system can quantify the performance of the building in terms of thermal effects, energy efficiency, seismic response, etc., provide a reliable basis for the safety, comfort and sustainability of building design, significantly improve design efficiency and quality, optimize resource allocation, reduce energy consumption and environmental impact, and achieve the goals of energy saving and consumption reduction and improving living comfort.

[0096] Example 3: This example is an explanation of Example 2. Figure 1 ,Specifically: The building performance analysis module includes ,thermal effect change analysis unit, energy efficiency adaptation analysis unit and ,seismic response analysis unit;

[0097] The thermal effect change analysis unit is used to perform summary calculations based on the acquired temperature change thermal effect data group, obtain the temperature change thermal effect change index wrb, and quantify the thermal management changes of the building under the influence of the environment;

[0098] The temperature change thermal effect variation index wrb is calculated by the following formula:

[0099] ;

[0100] Where wd 0 represents the wall temperature at the initial moment, It represents the spatial second-order derivative of the temperature inside the wall, describing the change of temperature with the wall thickness and position. x represents the spatial coordinate along the wall thickness direction inside the wall. exp represents the exponential decay function. k1 represents the thermal conductivity of the wall. k2 represents the wind speed influence coefficient. k3 represents the solar radiation attenuation coefficient, reflecting how the solar radiation attenuates with the change of time and shading facilities. k1, k2 and k3 are set by the user according to the actual situation. dt represents the time calculus quantity.

[0101] The energy efficiency adaptation analysis unit is used to perform summary calculations based on the acquired energy efficiency adaptation data group, obtain the energy efficiency adaptation correction index nxs, and quantify the energy consumption of the building throughout its life cycle;

[0102] The energy efficiency adaptation correction index nxs is calculated by the following formula:

[0103] ;

[0104] Where, T life Indicates the planned life cycle of a building. Indicates the material heat capacity coefficient, which is set according to the material used;

[0105] The seismic response analysis unit is used to perform summary calculations based on the acquired seismic response data group to obtain the seismic response safety factor dxa, and to quantify the accumulation of long-term vibration effects by analyzing the seismic effects within the life cycle;

[0106] The earthquake response safety factor dxa is calculated by the following formula;

[0107] ;

[0108] Where, T life Indicates the planned use period of the building, A base represents the building bottom contact area, Indicates the tensile and compressive strength of the material, which is set according to the material properties. represents the Laplace operator, It represents the displacement change of the building under the action of earthquake. represents the displacement vector of the building at position (x, y, z) at time t, g(x, y, z) is the earthquake acceleration field, represents the earthquake acceleration at position (x, y, z), dA and dt represent the area calculus and time calculus in the integral respectively.

[0109] In this embodiment, the building performance analysis module can comprehensively quantify the performance changes of the building under different environmental influences, and provide an accurate dynamic evaluation. The calculation of the temperature change thermal effect variation index wrb enables the building design to track the changes in wall temperature in real time and effectively manage it, ensuring the thermal stability of the building under different temperature conditions. The calculation of the energy efficiency adaptation correction index nxs provides the energy consumption data of the building throughout its life cycle, so that the design scheme can optimize energy use and reduce long-term operating costs. The calculation of the seismic response safety factor dxa can quantify the potential impact of earthquakes on building structures through in-depth analysis of earthquake effects, ensuring that the seismic performance of the building meets the expected standards. These modules work together to significantly improve the scientificity and accuracy of building design in energy efficiency, thermal management and structural safety, provide strong guarantees for the stability and living comfort of buildings during long-term use, break through the limitations of traditional design evaluation, and improve the overall performance and sustainability of buildings.

[0110] Example 4: This example is an explanation of Example 3. Figure 1 ,Specifically: the comprehensive performance evaluation module includes the building ,performance analysis unit and the building comprehensive performance evaluation unit;

[0111] The building performance analysis unit is used to summarize and calculate the obtained temperature change thermal effect change index wrb, energy efficiency adaptation correction index nxs and earthquake response safety factor dxa to obtain the building comprehensive performance index zhx.

[0112] The building comprehensive performance index zhx is calculated by the following formula;

[0113] ;

[0114] Where, T life Indicates the planned life cycle of a building. is the second-order derivative of the wall temperature changing with time, indicating the acceleration of the wall temperature change. represents the variation of building energy efficiency in space, It represents the influence of structural safety on the comprehensive performance of the building, and dt represents the time calculus quantity.

[0115] The building comprehensive performance evaluation unit presets the building performance index threshold Z based on the industry standard, and performs a preliminary building performance evaluation with the obtained building comprehensive performance index zhx. The specific evaluation scheme is as follows;

[0116] When the building comprehensive performance index zhx ≥ the building performance index threshold Z, the building design meets the standard, and the living comfort of the personnel is further analyzed;

[0117] When the building comprehensive performance index zhx is less than the building performance index threshold Z, the building design does not meet the standards. At this time, an optimization plan is generated and the optimization data is transmitted to the building performance analysis module for iterative evaluation until the building design meets the standards.

[0118] In this embodiment, through the application of the comprehensive performance evaluation module, the building design has been evaluated and optimized with unprecedented accuracy. The calculation of the building comprehensive performance index ZHX combines the temperature change thermal effect variation index WRB, the energy efficiency adaptation correction index NXS and the seismic response safety factor DXA, which fully reflects the performance of the building under different environmental factors. By comparing with the preset industry standard building performance index threshold Z, the system can automatically identify whether the building design meets the standard and perform iterative optimization based on the evaluation results. This process not only ensures the safety and energy efficiency of the building design, but also enables rapid feedback and adjustments during the actual design process, avoiding the delayed processing of designs that do not meet the standards in traditional methods, and improving design efficiency and building sustainability. This data-based intelligent evaluation and real-time optimization not only makes the building design more in line with standard requirements, but also achieves the best balance in multiple performance dimensions, greatly improving the accuracy and reliability of the building design.

[0119] Example 5: This example is an explanation of Example 4. Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 3 ,Specifically: the comfort performance analysis module is used to quantify the comfort of the occupants by summarizing and calculating the comfort adaptation index ssd based on the acquired comfort performance data group when the preliminary ,building performance assessment shows that the building design meets the standard;

[0120] The comfort adjustment index ssd is calculated by the following formula;

[0121] ;

[0122] In the formula, cv(t) represents the ventilation efficiency at time t, It indicates the effective radiation efficiency of sunlight hitting the building surface, which is set according to the material used. opt Indicates the ideal temperature for human comfort, rw avg Indicates the actual average temperature.

[0123] In this embodiment, the comfort performance analysis module can accurately quantify the impact of the building on the comfort of the residents by calculating the comfort adjustment index SSD, especially after the preliminary building performance assessment is qualified, which further improves the living comfort of the design. The calculation of this index takes into account the ventilation efficiency, sunlight radiation effect and indoor temperature comfort comparison, and effectively integrates the comprehensive impact of the internal and external environmental factors of the building on the resident experience. By comparing the actual temperature with the ideal temperature of the human body, combined with building materials and design solutions, it ensures that the building design can provide a comfortable living environment while meeting energy-saving and health standards. This refined analysis method not only improves the scientific nature of the design, but also enables the building to provide a more pleasant living space while meeting performance requirements, improving the overall comfort experience of the residents.

[0124] Example 6: This example is an explanation of Example 5. Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 3 ,Specifically: the comprehensive comfort evaluation module includes a comprehensive comfort analysis unit and a comprehensive comfort evaluation unit;

[0125] The comprehensive comfort analysis unit is used to perform summary calculation based on the obtained building comprehensive performance index zhx and comfort adjustment index ssd, obtain the comprehensive comfort performance index sdx, and quantify the impact of comprehensive factors on the comfort of building design;

[0126] The comprehensive comfort performance index sdx is calculated by the following formula;

[0127] ;

[0128] Where zhx(t) represents the comprehensive building performance index zhx at time t, ssd(t) represents the comfort adaptation index at time t, ln represents the logarithmic function, and α represents the correction constant of the sensitivity of change between the comprehensive comfort performance index sdx and the comfort adaptation index ssd.

[0129] The comprehensive comfort evaluation unit presets the building comfort performance threshold M based on the building industry comfort standard, and conducts in-depth building living comfort performance evaluation with the obtained comprehensive comfort performance index sdx. The specific evaluation scheme is as follows;

[0130] When the comprehensive comfort performance index sdx ≥ building comfort performance threshold M, the building comfort design meets the standard;

[0131] When the comprehensive comfort performance index sdx ≥ the building comfort performance threshold M, the building comfort design does not meet the standards, the building materials are optimized and replaced, and the optimized data is transmitted to the building performance analysis module for iterative analysis.

[0132] In this embodiment, through the design of the comprehensive comfort evaluation module, the system can quantify and analyze the comfort performance of the building design according to the building comprehensive performance index ZHX and the comfort adjustment index SSD, and then obtain the comprehensive comfort performance index SDX. The advantage of this process is that by introducing logarithmic functions and corrections of sensitivity and nonlinear effects, it can accurately capture the comprehensive impact of multiple factors on comfort, especially the performance under different environmental conditions. This analysis method breaks through the traditional comfort evaluation standard, provides a more detailed and dynamic evaluation method, and effectively improves the accuracy and adaptability of architectural design. In addition, the comprehensive comfort evaluation unit conducts an in-depth evaluation according to the comfort standards of the construction industry, so that the design can identify deficiencies and optimize them in time while meeting the comfort standards, ensuring the high quality of the living environment. This highly integrated and intelligent analysis and evaluation not only greatly improves the scientific nature of architectural design, but also improves the comfort and satisfaction of residents, and promotes the construction industry to develop in a more humane and environmentally adaptable direction.

[0133] Example 7, please refer to Figure 2 , a design method for prefabricated house buildings based on BIM, comprising the following steps:

[0134] S1. Based on the architectural planning drawings, use BIM tools to construct a BIM building model of the entire building in proportion to the building, then import meteorological data and geological data into an external analysis plug-in for analysis, and feed it back to the BIM building model through the API interface to obtain the building performance data set;

[0135] S2. Perform summary calculation based on the acquired building performance data set to obtain the temperature change thermal effect variation index wrb, energy efficiency adaptation correction index nxs and earthquake response safety factor dxa;

[0136] S3. Based on the obtained temperature change thermal effect variation index wrb, energy efficiency adaptation correction index nxs and earthquake response safety factor dxa, a summary calculation is performed to obtain the building comprehensive performance index zhx, and a preliminary building performance evaluation is performed with the preset building performance index threshold Z;

[0137] S4. When the preliminary building performance assessment shows that the building design meets the standards, a summary calculation is performed based on the acquired comfort performance data set to obtain a comfort adjustment index SSD;

[0138] S5. Based on the obtained building comprehensive performance index zhx and comfort adjustment index ssd, a summary calculation is performed to obtain the comprehensive comfort performance index sdx, and an in-depth building living comfort performance evaluation is performed with the preset building comfort performance threshold M.

[0139] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A design system for prefabricated housing buildings based on BIM, characterized by: It includes BIM data modeling module, building performance analysis module, comprehensive performance evaluation module, comfort performance analysis module and comprehensive comfort evaluation module; The BIM data modeling module uses BIM tools to build a BIM building model of the entire building in proportion to the building's planning drawings, then imports meteorological data and geological data into external analysis plug-ins for analysis, and feeds back to the BIM building model through the API interface to obtain the building performance data group; The building performance analysis module is used to conduct preliminary analysis of various building performances based on the building performance data set; The comprehensive performance evaluation module is used to comprehensively analyze the building performance index of the preliminary analysis and to conduct a preliminary building performance evaluation with the preset building performance index threshold Z; The comfort performance analysis module is used to analyze the comfort performance of the building based on the comfort performance data group when the preliminary building performance assessment shows that the building design meets the standards; The comprehensive comfort evaluation module is used to comprehensively summarize and analyze the analysis results of the comprehensive performance evaluation module and the comfort performance analysis module, and to conduct in-depth building living comfort performance evaluation with the preset building comfort performance threshold M.

2. A BIM-based prefabricated building design system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The BIM data modeling module includes a data acquisition unit, a BIM model building unit, a data extraction unit and a data processing unit; The data acquisition unit is used to acquire meteorological data and geological data through the meteorological data platform and geological data platform of the building location according to the API interface; The BIM model construction unit is used to construct a virtual three-dimensional house model of the same proportion as the entire building based on the building's planning drawings using BIM tools, and to carry out modular design of the house, breaking down the entire building into several standardized components, and performing parametric modeling according to the characteristics of prefabricated buildings. It can also add building components, design HVAC systems, install electrical equipment, define building materials, material properties, and configure equipment parameters to construct a BIM building model.

3. The design system of prefabricated housing buildings based on BIM according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The data extraction unit is used to establish a communication connection between the BIM tool and the external analysis plug-in through the API interface, and then convert the meteorological data and geological data into the IFC format, import the converted meteorological data and geological data into the external analysis plug-in through the API interface, analyze the building energy efficiency and geological structure through the external analysis plug-in, form a three-dimensional meteorological model and a three-dimensional digital terrain model, and feed back the analysis results to the BIM tool through the API interface; External analysis plug-ins include energy efficiency analysis plug-in and GeoStudio geotechnical software; The data processing unit is used to perform data cleaning, missing value filling, outlier detection, dimensionless processing and in-depth analysis on the meteorological data and geological data of the constructed BIM building model based on the Revit cloud analysis service tool in the BIM modeling software, so as to obtain the building performance data group; The building performance data group includes the temperature change thermal effect data group, energy efficiency adaptation data group, earthquake response data group and comfort performance data group; The temperature change thermal effect data set includes wall temperature wd, building air exchange rate ce, wind speed fs, solar radiation efficiency fx and temperature change amplitude pv; The energy efficiency adaptation data set includes terrain variation coefficient ∆te, roof thermal conductivity sr and seasonal temperature difference ds; The earthquake response data set includes soil density md, soil damping tz, building displacement vector u(x,y,z) and earthquake acceleration field g(x,y,z); The comfort performance data set includes ventilation efficiency cv, air quality air and shading effectiveness zy.

4. The BIM-based prefabricated building design system according to claim 3 is characterized by: The building performance analysis module includes thermal effect change analysis unit, energy efficiency adaptation analysis unit and seismic response analysis unit; The thermal effect change analysis unit is used to perform summary calculations based on the acquired temperature change thermal effect data group, obtain the temperature change thermal effect change index wrb, and quantify the thermal management changes of the building under the influence of the environment; The temperature change thermal effect variation index wrb is calculated by the following formula: ； Where wd0 represents the wall temperature at the initial moment, It represents the spatial second-order derivative of the temperature inside the wall, describing the change of temperature with the wall thickness and position. x represents the spatial coordinate along the wall thickness direction inside the wall, exp represents the exponential decay function, k1 represents the thermal conductivity of the wall, k2 represents the wind speed influence coefficient, k3 represents the solar radiation attenuation coefficient, k1, k2 and k3 are set by the user according to the actual situation, and dt represents the time calculus quantity; The energy efficiency adaptation analysis unit is used to perform summary calculations based on the acquired energy efficiency adaptation data group, obtain the energy efficiency adaptation correction index nxs, and quantify the energy consumption of the building throughout its life cycle; The energy efficiency adaptation correction index nxs is calculated by the following formula: ； Where, T life Indicates the planned life cycle of a building. Indicates the material heat capacity coefficient, which is set according to the material used; The seismic response analysis unit is used to perform summary calculations based on the acquired seismic response data group to obtain the seismic response safety factor dxa, and to quantify the accumulation of long-term vibration effects by analyzing the seismic effects within the life cycle; The earthquake response safety factor dxa is calculated by the following formula; ； Where, T life Indicates the planned use period of the building, A base represents the building bottom contact area, Indicates the tensile and compressive strength of the material, which is set according to the material properties. represents the Laplace operator, It represents the displacement change of the building under the action of earthquake. represents the displacement vector of the building at position (x, y, z) at time t, g(x, y, z) is the earthquake acceleration field, represents the earthquake acceleration at position (x, y, z), dA and dt represent the area calculus and time calculus in the integral respectively.

5. The design system of prefabricated housing buildings based on BIM according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The comprehensive performance evaluation module includes the building performance analysis unit and the building comprehensive performance evaluation unit; The building performance analysis unit is used to summarize and calculate the obtained temperature change thermal effect change index wrb, energy efficiency adaptation correction index nxs and earthquake response safety factor dxa to obtain the building comprehensive performance index zhx. The building comprehensive performance index zhx is calculated by the following formula; ； Where, T life Indicates the planned life cycle of a building. is the second-order derivative of the wall temperature changing with time, indicating the acceleration of the wall temperature change. represents the variation of building energy efficiency in space, It represents the influence of structural safety on the comprehensive performance of the building, and dt represents the time calculus quantity.

6. The BIM-based prefabricated building design system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The building comprehensive performance evaluation unit presets the building performance index threshold Z based on the industry standard, and performs a preliminary building performance evaluation with the obtained building comprehensive performance index zhx. The specific evaluation scheme is as follows; When the building comprehensive performance index zhx ≥ the building performance index threshold Z, the building design meets the standard, and the living comfort of the personnel is further analyzed; When the building comprehensive performance index zhx is less than the building performance index threshold Z, the building design does not meet the standards. At this time, an optimization plan is generated and the optimization data is transmitted to the building performance analysis module for iterative evaluation until the building design meets the standards.

7. The BIM-based prefabricated building design system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The comfort performance analysis module is used to summarize and calculate the comfort adjustment index SSD based on the acquired comfort performance data group when the preliminary building performance assessment shows that the building design meets the standards, and quantify the comfort of the building for the residents; The comfort adjustment index ssd is calculated by the following formula; ； In the formula, cv(t) represents the ventilation efficiency at time t, It indicates the effective radiation efficiency of sunlight hitting the building surface, which is set according to the material used. opt Indicates the ideal temperature for human comfort, rw avg Indicates the actual average temperature.

8. The BIM-based prefabricated housing design system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The comprehensive comfort evaluation module includes a comprehensive comfort analysis unit and a comprehensive comfort evaluation unit; The comprehensive comfort analysis unit is used to perform summary calculation based on the obtained building comprehensive performance index zhx and comfort adjustment index ssd, obtain the comprehensive comfort performance index sdx, and quantify the impact of comprehensive factors on the comfort of building design; The comprehensive comfort performance index sdx is calculated by the following formula; ； Where zhx(t) represents the comprehensive building performance index zhx at time t, ssd(t) represents the comfort adaptation index at time t, ln represents the logarithmic function, and α represents the correction constant of the sensitivity of change between the comprehensive comfort performance index sdx and the comfort adaptation index ssd.

9. The BIM-based prefabricated building design system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The comprehensive comfort evaluation unit presets the building comfort performance threshold M based on the building industry comfort standard, and conducts in-depth building living comfort performance evaluation with the obtained comprehensive comfort performance index sdx. The specific evaluation scheme is as follows; When the comprehensive comfort performance index sdx ≥ building comfort performance threshold M, the building comfort design meets the standard; When the comprehensive comfort performance index sdx ≥ the building comfort performance threshold M, the building comfort design does not meet the standards, the building materials are optimized and replaced, and the optimized data is transmitted to the building performance analysis module for iterative analysis.

10. A method for designing a prefabricated house based on BIM, applied to a design system for a prefabricated house based on BIM as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Based on the architectural planning drawings, use BIM tools to construct a BIM building model of the entire building in proportion to the building, then import meteorological data and geological data into an external analysis plug-in for analysis, and feed it back to the BIM building model through the API interface to obtain the building performance data set; S2. Perform summary calculation based on the acquired building performance data set to obtain the temperature change thermal effect variation index wrb, energy efficiency adaptation correction index nxs and earthquake response safety factor dxa; S3. Based on the obtained temperature change thermal effect variation index wrb, energy efficiency adaptation correction index nxs and earthquake response safety factor dxa, a summary calculation is performed to obtain the building comprehensive performance index zhx, and a preliminary building performance evaluation is performed with the preset building performance index threshold Z; S4. When the preliminary building performance assessment shows that the building design meets the standards, a summary calculation is performed based on the acquired comfort performance data set to obtain a comfort adjustment index SSD; S5. Based on the obtained building comprehensive performance index zhx and comfort adjustment index ssd, a summary calculation is performed to obtain the comprehensive comfort performance index sdx, and an in-depth building living comfort performance evaluation is performed with the preset building comfort performance threshold M.

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