Solar energy efficient utilization system and application

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of mobile photovoltaic power generation systems, in particular to an efficient solar energy utilization system and application, the efficient solar energy utilization system comprises a solar energy collection component, an oil tank located above the solar energy collection component and a power conversion component communicated with the oil tank through a pipeline, and heat conduction oil is arranged in the oil tank; the solar energy collection unit comprises a conical photovoltaic panel, the photovoltaic panel is used for reflecting and gathering sunlight to the oil tank, and the reflection mode of the photovoltaic panel is mirror reflection. Conical photovoltaic panel mirror reflection light condensation is adopted, and solar energy is efficiently collected; light energy can be converted into electric energy, and light and heat are focused to heat conduction oil in the oil tank; heat energy is utilized through the power conversion part, solar photoelectric and photo-thermal combined efficient utilization is achieved, the solar conversion efficiency is improved from 20% to more than 40%, the improvement rate reaches more than one time, the comprehensive utilization efficiency of solar energy effectively reaches 98%, and energy waste is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of mobile photovoltaic power generation systems, and in particular to a solar energy efficient utilization system and application. Background Art

[0002] Solar energy is the energy released by the nuclear fusion of hydrogen atoms inside the sun. The nuclear fusion reaction of the sun is expected to continue for billions of years. For humans, solar energy is an inexhaustible energy source and a renewable new energy source. As long as the sun exists, it will continuously transmit energy to the earth. This renewable characteristic makes solar energy have a huge advantage in the sustainability of energy supply. Compared with fossil energy such as coal and oil, it will not face the problem of depletion.

[0003] Solar photovoltaic panels are devices that can convert solar energy into electrical energy. They are the core components of solar photovoltaic power generation systems. Solar photovoltaic panel power generation can reduce dependence on traditional fossil energy and reduce carbon emissions. Photovoltaic panels can be installed in deserts, oceans or remote areas. They are widely used in transportation, agriculture, communications and industry. The conversion efficiency of solar photovoltaic panels is a key indicator to measure the performance of photovoltaic panels. The higher the conversion efficiency, the lower the economic cost and the occupancy rate of land resources. The prior art "A concentrating photovoltaic solar device" (publication number: CN102790112B) discloses a photovoltaic panel concentrating structure that can solve the heat dissipation problem of photovoltaic cells. It reflects sunlight onto photovoltaic cells through a reflector structure, and a heat dissipation device is set to improve the heat dissipation efficiency. However, the prior art still has the following technical problems:

[0004] 1. Low efficiency of solar energy utilization. The existing technology uses concentrating reflectors to reflect sunlight onto photovoltaic cells, which convert the energy of sunlight into electrical energy. Therefore, it is very dependent on the intensity of sunlight and requires sufficient and stable light resources. In cloudy, overcast, haze and other weather conditions with insufficient light or unstable weather conditions, the power generation efficiency will drop significantly.

[0005] 2. High cost and low reliability. The existing technology not only requires the installation of a focusing reflector, but also requires the fixing of a small photovoltaic cell on the reflector. Therefore, the entire reflective device is more complicated in design and installation. In addition, due to the small size of the photovoltaic cell, the angle, position and size of the reflector need to be accurately calculated to ensure that the sunlight can be accurately reflected onto the photovoltaic cell, which increases the design cost and difficulty. In addition, the complex system also increases the probability of failure. Once there is a problem with the reflector or its related structure, it may affect the normal operation of the entire photovoltaic system, and the reliability is not high. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present invention provides a solar energy efficient utilization system and application, which can solve the problem of low solar energy utilization efficiency of photovoltaic systems in the prior art.

[0007] The present application provides the following technical solutions: a solar energy efficient utilization system and application, comprising a solar energy collection component, an oil tank located above the solar energy collection component, and a power conversion component connected to the oil tank through a pipeline, wherein the oil tank is provided with heat transfer oil;

[0008] The solar energy collection unit comprises a photovoltaic panel in a cone shape, and the photovoltaic panel is used to reflect and collect sunlight onto the oil tank. The reflection mode of the photovoltaic panel is mirror reflection.

[0009] Invention concept: The energy conversion methods of solar energy include photothermal conversion and photoelectric conversion. The difference is that photothermal conversion is to collect the radiant energy of sunlight and convert it into heat energy through interaction with matter for utilization. For example, the use of concentrating reflectors to focus sunlight onto photovoltaic cells mentioned in the prior art belongs to the application of photothermal conversion; while photoelectric conversion is to directly convert solar energy into electrical energy for utilization. For example, photovoltaic panels are the most common application of photoelectric conversion. These two methods have their own advantages and disadvantages. The equipment structure of photoelectric conversion is simple and the cost is low, but the conversion efficiency is not high. Although the efficiency of photothermal conversion is higher than that of photoelectric conversion, it requires the installation of concentrating equipment, which increases the difficulty and cost of installation. Therefore, the inventor wants to conceive a solution that can complement the two to achieve a solar energy utilization system that can improve conversion efficiency and reduce costs. Since the two are different in the principle of solar energy conversion, how to combine the two is the difficulty of the present invention; and the inventor starts from the technical principles of the two, and the common point is that they both need to receive sunlight first, and then convert solar energy in different ways. So the inventor thought that it is necessary to directly perform photoelectric conversion while receiving sunlight, and also to focus and reflect light for photothermal conversion. The easiest way to photoelectric conversion is to use photovoltaic panels. The remaining problem is how to make photovoltaic panels also realize the function of focusing and reflecting light. Considering that photovoltaic panels themselves have a certain light reflection ability, conventional photovoltaic panels are usually diffuse reflection in order to avoid light pollution, but this will greatly reduce the effect of light focusing. In order to improve the focusing effect, the best way is to change the surface of the photovoltaic panel to mirror reflection, but mirror reflection is easy to cause light pollution. Therefore, the inventor thought about improving the shape of the photovoltaic panel and formed the final solution of the present invention, so that the photovoltaic panel with mirror reflection function can focus light without causing light pollution, perfectly combining photothermal conversion and photoelectric conversion, reducing costs while effectively improving energy conversion efficiency.

[0010] Beneficial effects:

[0011] 1. Improve the utilization efficiency of solar energy. The conical photovoltaic panel of the present invention receives sunlight and directly converts solar energy into electrical energy. On the other hand, the conical photovoltaic panel with mirror reflection can focus the sunlight completely absorbed by the photovoltaic panel onto the oil tank above in a principle similar to a magnifying glass, thereby heating the heat transfer oil in the oil tank by relying on the thermal radiation of sunlight. The high-temperature heat transfer oil can drive the power conversion component to work, and the power conversion component recycles the heat energy and further converts the heat energy into mechanical energy or performs various applications such as refrigeration, heating, and power generation. The thermal oil in the oil tank can be used as a heat storage medium; when there is sufficient light, the thermal oil absorbs and stores a large amount of heat energy; when there is insufficient light (such as at night, on cloudy days, etc.), the stored heat energy can continue to drive the power conversion components to generate electricity, providing continuous energy output for the system, that is, combining the two methods of photoelectric conversion and photothermal conversion to achieve a more adequate utilization of solar energy. Compared with traditional photovoltaic power generation or photothermal utilization systems, the present invention can increase the solar energy conversion efficiency from 20% to more than 40%, more than doubling the increase, thereby effectively increasing the comprehensive utilization efficiency of solar energy to 98%, avoiding energy waste and making full use of solar energy.

[0012] 2. Improve reliability: Traditional photovoltaic panels all use diffuse reflection, but the present invention breaks through the technical prejudice against mirror reflection in the photovoltaic field, and realizes the dual efficiency of photoelectric conversion and heat recovery through the coordinated design of reflective focusing and geometric structure. That is, the present invention combines the two modes of photovoltaic power generation and thermal power generation. When the light is good, the photovoltaic panels and the Stirling engine work at the same time to increase the total power generation; when the light is weak, the power conversion component can use the stored thermal energy to continue to generate electricity. The two power generation modes complement each other, so that the system can maintain relatively stable power generation performance under different lighting conditions, effectively improving the reliability of the system.

[0013] 3. Simple structure and low cost. The system integrates solar energy collection, thermal energy storage and power conversion functions in a relatively compact structure. The conical photovoltaic panel not only collects solar energy and reflects it to the oil tank, but also uses itself to generate photovoltaic power, reducing the need for additional focusing devices. The oil tank is not only a thermal energy storage device, but also connected to the power conversion component through the internal circulation of heat transfer oil, realizing the conversion of thermal energy to mechanical energy. This highly integrated design avoids the complex connection and collaborative work between multiple independent systems, making the structure of the entire system simpler and effectively saving costs.

[0014] Furthermore, a mirror reflection layer is provided on the surface of the photovoltaic panel.

[0015] Beneficial effects: The mirror reflection layer can reflect the sunlight that shines on the photovoltaic panel in a regular manner. The energy carried by the reflected light is guided to the oil tank, heating the thermal oil in it and providing thermal energy for the Stirling engine. This directional transmission of heat realizes the cascade utilization of solar energy, effectively collecting the heat that might have increased the temperature of the photovoltaic panel for thermal power generation, thereby improving the comprehensive utilization efficiency of solar energy.

[0016] Furthermore, the power conversion component includes a Stirling engine.

[0017] Beneficial effects: Stirling engines can use a variety of heat sources and are not demanding on fuel. They can burn traditional fossil fuels as well as clean energy such as solar energy and waste heat. In this system, the Stirling engine can convert the thermal energy of the heat transfer oil into mechanical energy or be used for refrigeration, heating, power generation and other applications, effectively improving applicability.

[0018] Furthermore, a hot oil circulation pump is provided on the pipeline connecting the oil tank and the Stirling engine.

[0019] Beneficial effects: The hot oil circulation pump can provide power to make the heat transfer oil in the oil tank circulate quickly in the pipeline. When the solar energy collection unit reflects and gathers sunlight onto the oil tank, heating the heat transfer oil, the circulation pump can promptly deliver the high-temperature heat transfer oil to the Stirling engine, and at the same time send the low-temperature heat transfer oil returned from the Stirling engine back to the oil tank for reheating. This rapid circulation ensures that heat can be transferred from the oil tank to the Stirling engine in a timely and efficient manner, reducing heat loss during the transfer process and improving the efficiency of heat transfer.

[0020] Furthermore, the oil tank is located in the focal area of ​​the light reflected by the photovoltaic panel.

[0021] Beneficial effects: Placing the oil tank in the focal area of ​​the photovoltaic panel reflecting light can accurately focus a large amount of sunlight on the oil tank, so that the oil tank can receive high-intensity solar radiation, thereby heating the thermal oil in the oil tank, reducing the energy loss caused by light scattering to other areas, and improving the entire system's ability to capture and convert solar energy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is the structural front view of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 It is a system block diagram of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following is further described in detail through specific implementation methods:

[0025] The symbols in the drawings of the specification include: tripod 1, photovoltaic panel 2, support frame 3, oil tank 4, pipeline 5, chassis 6.

[0026] Embodiment 1

[0027] like Figure 1 As shown, a solar energy efficient utilization system includes a solar energy collecting component, an oil tank 4 located above the solar energy collecting component, and a power conversion component connected to the oil tank 4 through a pipeline 5. Heat transfer oil is provided in the oil tank 4, and a hot oil circulation pump is provided on the pipeline 5. The hot oil circulation pump is used to circulate the heat transfer oil in the oil tank 4 in the pipeline 5.

[0028] The solar energy collection unit includes a conical photovoltaic panel 2, the bottom of the photovoltaic panel 2 is fixed by a tripod 1, the concave surface of the photovoltaic panel 2 is covered with a mirror reflection layer, a support frame 3 is fixed above the photovoltaic panel 2, and an oil tank 4 is fixed on the top of the support frame 3, so that the oil tank 4 is located in the focal area of ​​the light reflected by the photovoltaic panel 2. The power conversion component includes a Stirling engine, and the Stirling engine is placed in the chassis 6.

[0029] The method of use of the present invention is as follows:

[0030] During the solar energy collection stage, the conical photovoltaic panel 2 fully receives sunlight with its large light-receiving area, and the mirror reflection layer covering its concave surface plays a key role. On the one hand, it can accurately focus part of the sunlight on the oil tank 4 located in the focal area by means of mirror reflection; on the other hand, the photovoltaic panel 2 itself can directly convert part of the solar energy into electrical energy based on the photovoltaic effect. This part of the electrical energy can be stored or output according to actual needs. This process is a photoelectric conversion process.

[0031] In the heat transfer stage, since the oil tank 4 is fixed above the photovoltaic panel 2 through the support frame 3 and is in the focal area of ​​the reflected light, a large amount of reflected and concentrated sunlight is concentrated on the oil tank 4, so that the heat transfer oil in the oil tank 4 can quickly absorb the heat brought by the solar energy, and the temperature gradually increases. When the heat transfer oil in the oil tank 4 is heated to a certain temperature, the hot oil circulation pump starts to work. It provides power for the circulation of the heat transfer oil in the pipeline 5, so that the high-temperature heat transfer oil starts from the oil tank 4 and is transported to the Stirling engine along the pipeline 5. This process is a light-heat conversion process. In this process, the high-temperature heat transfer oil continuously transfers heat to the Stirling engine, and at the same time, the relatively low-temperature heat transfer oil returns to the oil tank 4 and absorbs solar heat again, forming a continuous heat transfer cycle.

[0032] During the energy output and application stage, the high-temperature heat transfer oil delivered to the Stirling engine provides thermal energy for the engine. Based on its working principle, the Stirling engine uses the heat of the heat transfer oil to cause the internal working medium (such as hydrogen or helium) to undergo a thermal expansion and contraction cycle, thereby driving the piston movement and converting thermal energy into mechanical energy.

[0033] Embodiment 2

[0034] The present embodiment discloses a distributed power supply system for remote areas including a solar energy efficient utilization system. Since remote areas are usually far away from grid access points, laying traditional transmission lines is costly and difficult. By adopting the solar energy efficient utilization system, independent power supply can be achieved in the area to meet the daily life of residents and some small-scale production electricity needs.

[0035] The photovoltaic panel 2 is firmly installed on an open space through a tripod 1 to efficiently collect and reflect solar energy. The electric energy generated by the photovoltaic panel 2 is connected to a power storage device. The stored electricity can be used to drive auxiliary equipment such as a hot oil circulation pump, and can also be used for residential electricity. At the same time, the Stirling engine can be connected to a generator and other equipment for power supply.

[0036] Embodiment 3

[0037] This embodiment discloses a commercial building energy supply system including a solar energy efficient utilization system. Since commercial buildings have large areas, high energy consumption, and large demands for electricity and hot water, the solar energy efficient utilization system can achieve partial energy self-sufficiency in the building and reduce operating costs.

[0038] Photovoltaic panels 2 are installed on the roof of the building. Through reasonable layout and angle adjustment, photovoltaic panels 2 are ensured to fully receive sunlight. The electricity generated by photovoltaic panels 2 is incorporated into the building's power system to power lighting, elevators, air conditioners and other equipment in the building. The Stirling engine converts thermal energy into mechanical energy to drive the generator to generate electricity. At the same time, the waste heat generated by the engine heats water through a heat exchanger to provide domestic hot water and winter heating for the building.

[0039] Embodiment 4

[0040] This embodiment discloses a greenhouse agricultural energy system including a solar energy efficient utilization system. In northern regions, a large amount of heat energy is needed to maintain the temperature in the greenhouse in winter, and electricity is also needed to drive ventilation, irrigation and other equipment. The solar energy efficient utilization system can meet the energy needs of the greenhouse and improve the yield and quality of crops.

[0041] Photovoltaic panels 2 are installed on the top of the greenhouse to fully receive sunlight. The electricity generated by the photovoltaic panels 2 is used to power ventilation fans, irrigation pumps and other equipment in the greenhouse. The Stirling engine can be connected to a generator and a heat dissipation pipe. The generator powers the equipment in the greenhouse, and the heat dissipation pipe transports the waste heat generated by the engine into the greenhouse to increase the temperature in the greenhouse.

[0042] Embodiment 5

[0043] This embodiment discloses an energy supply system for a buoy-type ocean detection device including a solar energy efficient utilization system. The device needs to operate at sea for a long time and has high requirements for energy stability and reliability. The solar energy efficient utilization system can provide a continuous power supply for the detection device to ensure the normal operation of the device.

[0044] The photovoltaic panel 2 is installed on the top of the buoy and fixed with corrosion-resistant materials to adapt to the marine environment. The electricity generated by the photovoltaic panel 2 can directly power some low-power components of the detection equipment. The Stirling engine is placed in a sealed chassis 6 and installed inside the buoy. The Stirling engine is connected to a generator to power sensors, data transmission modules, etc. of the marine detection equipment.

[0045] The above are only embodiments of the present invention. The invention is not limited to the field involved in this implementation case. The common knowledge such as the known specific structure and characteristics in the scheme is not described in detail here. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, several deformations and improvements can be made without departing from the structure of the present invention, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection required by this application shall be based on the content of its claims, and the specific implementation methods and other records in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A solar energy efficient utilization system and application, characterized in that: It comprises a solar energy collection component, an oil tank located above the solar energy collection component, and a power conversion component connected to the oil tank through a pipeline, wherein the oil tank is provided with heat transfer oil; The solar energy collection unit comprises a photovoltaic panel in a cone shape, and the photovoltaic panel is used to reflect and collect sunlight onto the oil tank. The reflection mode of the photovoltaic panel is mirror reflection.

2. A solar energy efficient utilization system and application according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of the photovoltaic panel is provided with a mirror reflection layer.

3. A solar energy efficient utilization system and application according to claim 2, characterized in that: The power conversion component includes a Stirling engine.

4. A solar energy efficient utilization system and application according to claim 3, characterized in that: A hot oil circulation pump is also provided on the pipeline connecting the oil tank and the Stirling engine.

5. A solar energy efficient utilization system and application according to claim 4, characterized in that: The oil tank is located in the focal area of ​​the light reflected by the photovoltaic panel.

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