Fuel guiding device for guiding fuel, fuel cell assembly and water vehicle
By designing a fuel guide device filled with a liquid cover space medium, the problems of high energy consumption and cost during fuel guidance in the prior art are solved, and safe, simple and economical fuel guidance is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202380072871.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Priority Date
- 2022-11-04
- Filing Date
- 2023-02-16
- Publication Date
- 2025-05-23
AI Technical Summary
The prior art requires the use of expensive inert gases or consumed flushing devices when guiding gaseous or liquid fuels, resulting in increased energy consumption and cost, and it is difficult to achieve simple and safe fuel guidance.
A fuel guidance device is designed, using a core guide part and a cover space surrounding it, filling the cover space through a liquid cover space medium, and connecting the medium fluid technology with a conveying device to achieve safe and simple fuel guidance.
The device can safely and economically direct gaseous or liquid fuel without using inert gases or consuming flushing devices, reducing energy consumption and operating costs.
Smart Images
Figure CN120035891A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to a fuel-conducting device for conveying a particularly gaseous fuel, particularly hydrogen, or a particularly liquid fuel, particularly methanol, a fuel cell assembly having such a fuel-conducting device, and a water vehicle having such a fuel-conducting device and / or such a fuel cell assembly. Background Art
[0002] Gaseous fuels, in particular hydrogen, or liquid fuels, in particular methanol, can have a high vapor pressure and a low boiling point. Due to the high vapor pressure, when storing and transporting gaseous or liquid fuels, in particular when additionally heating the storage device or transport device, mechanical failures of the entire storage device or transport device can occur, which can lead to damage.
[0003] The classification society DNV basically describes two methods about how to convey gaseous or liquid fuels, especially gaseous or liquid fuels with low ignition points, especially hydrogen or methanol. Here, double-walled guides are usually used. Such guides have a core guide and a hood space that can be filled or alternatively have a hood guide that can be flushed. The gaseous or liquid fuel is conveyed in the core guide. Depending on the choice of method, the hood space is filled with an inert gas, especially nitrogen, or the hood guide is flushed with air. Filling with an inert gas, especially nitrogen, is expensive and consuming, because in addition to the filling equipment suitable for the gas, an additional consumption of inert gas, especially nitrogen, is required as a working raw material. In addition, the airtightness of the entire device must be guaranteed and continuously tested. Although, when flushing with air, an inert gas, especially nitrogen, is abandoned, a flushing device is required as compensation, which continuously flushes the hood guide. This is energy-consuming and expensive.
[0004] It would therefore be desirable to be able to conduct gaseous or liquid fuel simply and safely without complex flushing processes and without providing an additional working medium, in particular an inert gas, in particular nitrogen. Summary of the invention
[0005] The present invention is therefore based on the object of providing a fuel conducting device for conducting, in particular, gaseous or liquid fuel, a fuel cell assembly having such a fuel conducting device, and a water vehicle having such a fuel conducting device and / or such a fuel cell assembly, wherein the mentioned disadvantages are reduced and preferably do not occur.
[0006] This object is achieved by providing a prior art teaching, in particular the teaching of the independent claim and the preferred embodiments disclosed in the dependent claims and the description.
[0007] The object is achieved in particular by providing a fuel guiding device for guiding, in particular, gaseous or liquid fuel. The fuel guiding device comprises a guiding portion and a conveying device. The guiding portion comprises a core guiding portion and a hood space surrounding the core guiding portion. The core guiding portion is set up for guiding the fuel. The hood space is set up to be filled with a liquid hood space medium. The conveying device is connected to the hood space fluidically. The conveying device is set up to convey the liquid hood space medium into the hood space, in particular to fill the hood space with the liquid hood space medium, in particular to fill it completely. In this way, in particular, gaseous or liquid fuel can be guided simply and safely. In addition, a flushing device for flushing the hood guiding portion continuously, energy-intensively and with a large flow rate is advantageously abandoned.
[0008] In the context of the current technical teaching, a gaseous fuel is understood to be in particular a gaseous fuel at 25° C. and 1013 mbar, in particular with a low ignition point, in particular in accordance with SOLAS Regulation II-2 / 4.2.
[0009] In the context of the current technical teaching, liquid fuel is understood to mean in particular a fuel which is liquid at 25° C. and 1013 mbar, in particular with a low flash point, in particular in accordance with SOLAS Regulation II-2 / 4.2.
[0010] Gaseous fuels are especially hydrogen. Liquid fuels are especially methanol.
[0011] In the context of the current technical teaching, a liquid housing space medium is understood to mean, in particular, a medium which is liquid at 25° C. and 1013 mbar.
[0012] The liquid housing space medium is, in particular, water.
[0013] The core guide is delimited in particular by a first wall which separates the core guide from the shroud space. The shroud space is delimited in particular by the first wall and by a second wall, ie a wall surrounding the core guide, in particular a shroud tube.
[0014] The conveying device is in particular a pump, in particular a flow pump or a positive displacement pump.
[0015] The hood space has an exhaust opening in particular. The exhaust opening is in particular designed to allow gas, in particular air, contained in the hood space to escape from the hood space when a liquid hood space medium is conveyed into the hood space. The exhaust opening is in particular designed to be sealed, in particular to be closed after the gas, in particular air, has escaped from the hood space. The hood space has in particular a plurality of exhaust openings.
[0016] According to a further development of the invention, it is provided that the fuel conducting device has a locking device. The locking device is designed to lock the fluidic connection between the delivery device and the housing space in a locked state or to release it in a released state. This advantageously ensures that the housing space medium remains in the housing space (without further operation of the delivery device) and in particular maintains a predetermined pressure after the housing space has been filled.
[0017] The locking device is in particular a locking valve or a locking cock. The locking device in particular has a drive which is configured to lock or release the locking device.
[0018] According to a further development of the invention, it is provided that the fuel conducting device has a stock collecting device for the liquid hood space medium. The stock collecting device is fluidically connected to the conveying device so that the liquid hood space medium can be conveyed from the stock collecting device into the hood space via the conveying device. In this way, the hood space medium necessary for filling the hood space can advantageously be provided particularly easily.
[0019] The stock collection device is in particular a tank or a box.
[0020] According to a further development of the invention, it is provided that the fuel guiding device has a pressure measuring device and a control device. The pressure measuring device is set up to detect the actual pressure in the hood space. The control device is operatively connected to the delivery device, the pressure measuring device and the locking device and is set up to switch the delivery device between a delivery state and a rest state depending on the actual pressure, in which the delivery device delivers the hood space medium and in which the delivery device is disconnected, and to switch the locking device between a released state and a locked state. The control device advantageously makes it possible to operate the fuel guiding device partially or fully automatically.
[0021] The pressure measuring device is arranged in particular on the fuel guide in order to detect an actual pressure in the housing space, in particular the current actual pressure in the housing space.
[0022] The control device is designed to switch the delivery device and the locking device depending on the actual pressure, which in the context of current technical teachings particularly means that the control device is designed to detect the actual pressure, compare it with at least one predetermined theoretical pressure threshold value and switch the delivery device and the locking device between the corresponding assigned states based on the comparison.
[0023] According to a refinement of the invention, the control device is additionally configured to, depending on the actual pressure, switch the locking device to the release state and / or switch the delivery device to the delivery state in the start state, switch the locking device to the locking state and switch the delivery device to the stationary state in the holding state, and to cut off the device supplied with fuel through the fuel guide device in the emergency cut-off state. In this way, it is advantageously possible to monitor the actual pressure partially or fully automatically during the operation of the fuel guide device. In addition, it is advantageously possible that the fuel guide device can be operated in different operating modes. In addition, the device can advantageously be cut off partially or fully automatically in an emergency state, especially in the case of a fuel leak, so as to avoid damage in particular.
[0024] The start-up state is in particular a state in which a device operatively connected to the fuel supply device is switched on or is to be switched on. In the start-up state, the actual pressure is in particular less than a first predetermined theoretical pressure threshold value. In the start-up state, the delivery device in particular delivers the housing space medium into the housing space until the actual pressure reaches or exceeds the first predetermined theoretical pressure threshold value. If the actual pressure reaches or exceeds the first predetermined theoretical pressure threshold value, the control device is in particular switched to the holding state.
[0025] The first predetermined setpoint pressure threshold value is in particular greater than a predetermined or actual pressure value of the fuel in the core guide. In this way, a possible outflow of fuel from the core guide into the hood space is avoided.
[0026] In the emergency shut-off state, the actual pressure is in particular less than the second predetermined theoretical pressure threshold. In one embodiment, the first predetermined theoretical pressure threshold and the second predetermined theoretical pressure threshold are selected to be equal. In another embodiment, the first predetermined theoretical pressure threshold and the second predetermined theoretical pressure threshold are selected to be different. In particular, the second predetermined theoretical pressure threshold is less than the first predetermined theoretical pressure threshold, so as to provide a hysteresis for maintaining the state and prevent too fast switching. In particular, when the actual pressure is lower than the second predetermined theoretical pressure threshold, that is, it has a negative pressure gradient in particular when passing through the second predetermined theoretical pressure threshold, the control device switches to the emergency shut-off state. The second predetermined theoretical pressure threshold is in particular less than the first predetermined theoretical pressure threshold and greater than the predetermined or actual pressure value of the fuel in the core guide. In this way, even in the case of leakage, it is avoided that the fuel may flow out of the core guide into the hood space, that is, in this case, the hood space medium flows into the core guide.
[0027] The object is also achieved by providing a fuel cell assembly having at least one fuel cell and having a fuel guide device according to the invention or a fuel guide device according to one or more of the previously described embodiments. The supply connection of at least one fuel cell is fluidically connected to the core guide, so that at least one fuel cell can be supplied with fuel through the core guide for consumption in at least one fuel cell. At least one fuel cell is set up to convert the fuel into a hood space medium as a particularly electrochemical reactant. The removal connection of at least one fuel cell is fluidically connected to the delivery device, so that the hood space medium formed in the fuel cell can be delivered into the hood space. In combination with the fuel cell assembly, the advantages already explained in combination with the fuel guide device are obtained in particular. In addition, advantageously, the products of the fuel cell that are present in any case and are thus cost-appropriately (kostenneutral) or at least conveniently provided are used as hood space media, thereby being able to dispense with additional and particularly expensive working raw materials.
[0028] According to a further development of the invention, it is provided that the removal connection is fluidically connected to the stock collecting device so that the outflowing hood space medium can be conducted into the stock collecting device. In this way, a buffer stock of the hood space medium is advantageously provided.
[0029] According to a further development of the invention, it is provided that the control device is designed to switch off at least one fuel cell in an emergency switch-off state. Advantageously, a safe and partially or fully automated operation of the fuel cell can thereby be ensured. The fuel cell is protected in particular against operation with too low a fuel pressure and against the intrusion of housing space medium into the supply connection through leakage of the core guide.
[0030] When, for example, the first wall is damaged and the core guide has an opening, at least one fuel cell is disconnected, in particular by the control device, in an emergency disconnection state, so that the hood space medium can flow from the hood space through the opening into the core guide. Subsequently, the actual pressure, in particular, occurring in the hood space, decreases below a second predetermined theoretical pressure threshold, so that the device, in particular the fuel cell, which is operatively connected to the fuel guide is disconnected.
[0031] The object is also achieved by providing a watercraft having a fuel conducting device according to the invention or a fuel conducting device according to one or more of the previously described embodiments and / or having at least one fuel cell assembly according to the invention or a fuel cell assembly according to one or more of the previously described embodiments. In conjunction with a watercraft, the advantages already explained in conjunction with the fuel conducting device and the fuel cell assembly are particularly obtained. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0032] In the following, the present invention is further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0033] The single FIGURE shows a schematic illustration of an exemplary embodiment of a water vehicle having a fuel cell assembly and a fuel conducting device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0034] The single FIGURE shows an exemplary embodiment of a water vehicle 1 having a fuel cell assembly 2 with a fuel supply device 3 and at least one fuel cell 5 .
[0035] The fuel guide device 3 has a guide part 7 and a delivery device 9. The guide part 7 has a core guide part 7.1 and a hood space 7.2 surrounding the core guide part 7.1. The core guide part 7.1 is set up for guiding fuel, which is indicated by arrow A. The hood space 7.2 is set up for filling with a liquid hood space medium 11. The delivery device 9 is connected to the hood space 7.2 in a fluidic manner. The delivery device 9 is set up for conveying the liquid hood space medium 11 into the hood space 7.2 and preferably filling the hood space 7.2 with the liquid hood space medium 11, preferably completely.
[0036] The core guide 7.1 is preferably delimited by a first wall 13.1, which separates the core guide 7.1 from the shroud space 7.2. The shroud space 7.2 is preferably delimited by the first wall 13.1 and by a second wall 13.2, in particular a shroud tube.
[0037] The delivery device 9 is preferably a pump, preferably a flow pump or a positive displacement pump.
[0038] The hood space 7.2 preferably has an exhaust opening 12. The exhaust opening 12 is preferably designed to allow the gas contained in the hood space 7.2, preferably air, to escape from the hood space 7.2 when the liquid hood space medium 11 is conveyed into the hood space 7.2. The exhaust opening 12 is preferably designed to be sealed, preferably to be closed after the gas, preferably air, has escaped from the hood space 7.2. Preferably, the hood space 7.2 has a plurality of exhaust openings 12.
[0039] It is preferably provided that the fuel conducting device 3 has a locking device 15. The locking device 15 is designed to selectively lock the fluidic connection between the delivery device 9 and the cap space 7.2 in a locked state and to release it in a released state.
[0040] The locking device 15 is preferably a locking valve or a locking cock. The locking device 15 preferably has a drive 10 which is configured to lock or release the locking device 15 .
[0041] It is preferably provided that the fuel conducting device 3 has a stock collecting device 17 for the liquid hood space medium 11. The stock collecting device 17 is fluidically connected to the conveying device 9 so that the liquid hood space medium 11 can be conveyed from the stock collecting device 17 via the conveying device 9 into the hood space 7.2.
[0042] The inventory collection device 17 is preferably a tank or a box.
[0043] It is preferably provided that the fuel conducting device 3 has a pressure measuring device 19 and a control device 21. The pressure measuring device 19 is configured to detect the actual pressure in the hood space 7.2. The control device 21 is operatively connected to the delivery device 9, the pressure measuring device 19 and the locking device 15, and is configured to switch the delivery device 9 between a delivery state and a rest state depending on the actual pressure, in which the delivery device 9 delivers the hood space medium 11, and in which the delivery device 9 is disconnected, and to switch the locking device 15 between a released state and a locked state.
[0044] Preferably, the pressure measuring device 19 is fluidically connected to the housing space 7.2. Preferably, the actual pressure is the current actual pressure in the housing space 7.2.
[0045] The control device 21 is particularly designed to, depending on the actual pressure, switch the locking device 15 to a released state and / or switch the delivery device 9 to a delivery state in the starting state, switch the locking device 15 to a locked state and switch the delivery device 9 to a stationary state in the holding state, and to cut off the fuel cell 5 that is operatively connected to the fuel supply device 3 in the emergency shut-off state.
[0046] Preferably, the start-up state is a state in which the fuel cell 5 is switched on or should be switched on. Preferably, in the start-up state, the actual pressure is less than a first predetermined theoretical pressure threshold value. Preferably, in the start-up state, the delivery device 9 delivers the hood space medium 11 into the hood space 7.2 until the actual pressure reaches or exceeds the first predetermined theoretical pressure threshold value. If the actual pressure reaches or exceeds the first predetermined theoretical pressure threshold value, the control device preferably switches to the holding state.
[0047] Preferably, the first predetermined setpoint pressure threshold value is greater than a predetermined or actual pressure value of the fuel in the core guide 7.1. In this way, a possible outflow of fuel from the core guide 7.1 into the hood space 7.2 is avoided.
[0048] Preferably, in the emergency shut-off state, the actual pressure is less than the second predetermined theoretical pressure threshold. In one embodiment, the first predetermined theoretical pressure threshold and the second predetermined theoretical pressure threshold are selected to be equal. In another embodiment, the first predetermined theoretical pressure threshold and the second predetermined theoretical pressure threshold are selected to be different. Preferably, the second predetermined theoretical pressure threshold is less than the first predetermined theoretical pressure threshold, so as to provide a hysteresis for maintaining the state and prevent too fast switching. Preferably, when the actual pressure is lower than the second predetermined theoretical pressure threshold, wherein, that is, it preferably has a negative pressure gradient when passing through the second predetermined theoretical pressure threshold, the control device 21 switches to the emergency shut-off state. Preferably, the second predetermined theoretical pressure threshold is less than the first predetermined theoretical pressure threshold and is greater than the predetermined or actual pressure value of the fuel in the core guide 7.1. In this way, even in the case of leakage, it is avoided that the fuel may flow out from the core guide 7.1 into the hood space 7.2, more precisely, in this case, the hood space medium 11 flows into the core guide 7.1.
[0049] The supply connection 23 of at least one fuel cell 5 is fluidically connected to the core guide 7.1, so that (indicated by arrow A) at least one fuel cell 5 can be supplied with fuel through the core guide 7.1 for consumption in at least one fuel cell 5. At least one fuel cell 5 is configured to convert the fuel into a hood space medium 11 as a preferably electrochemical reactant. The removal connection 25 of at least one fuel cell 5 is fluidically connected to the conveying device 9, in particular via a stock collection device 17, so that the hood space medium 11 formed in the fuel cell 5 can be conveyed into the hood space 7.2.
[0050] Preferably, when, for example, the first wall 13.1 is damaged and the core guide 7.1 has an opening, at least one fuel cell 5 is switched off by the control device 21 in an emergency switch-off state, so that the hood space medium 11 can flow from the hood space 7.2 through the opening into the core guide 7.1. Then, the actual pressure preferably present in the hood space 7.2 decreases to below a second predetermined theoretical pressure threshold, so that the device (here the fuel cell 5) operatively connected to the fuel guide device 3 is switched off.
Claims
1. A fuel guiding device (3) for guiding fuel, wherein include: a guide part (7) having a core guide part (7.1) and a hood space (7.2) surrounding the core guide part (7.1), wherein the core guide part (7.1) is designed for guiding fuel, and wherein the hood space (7.2) is designed to be filled with a liquid hood space medium (11), and A delivery device (9) which is fluidically connected to the housing space (7.2), wherein the delivery device (9) is designed to deliver the liquid housing space medium (11) into the housing space (7.2).
2. The fuel guide device (3) according to claim 1 has a locking device (15) which is designed to lock the fluid connection between the delivery device (9) and the cover space (7.2) optionally in a locked state or in a released state.
3. The fuel guiding device (3) according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising: - a stock collecting device (17) for the liquid cover space medium (11), in, The stock collecting device (17) is fluidically connected to the conveying device (9) so that the liquid hood space medium (7.2) can be conveyed from the stock collecting device (17) into the hood space (7.2) via the conveying device (9).
4. The fuel guiding device (3) according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising: a pressure measuring device (19) which is designed to detect the actual pressure in the housing space (7.2), a control device (21) which is operatively connected to the delivery device (9), the pressure measuring device (19) and the locking device (15) and is designed to, depending on the actual pressure, o switching the conveying device (9) between a conveying state and a stationary state, in which the conveying device (9) conveys the cover space medium (11), and in which the conveying device (9) is disconnected, and o Switching the locking device (15) between the released state and the locked state.
5. The fuel guiding device (3) according to claim 4, in, The control device (21) is additionally designed to, depending on the actual pressure, - in the starting state, switching the locking device (15) into the released state and / or switching the conveying device (9) into the conveying state, - in the holding state, switching the locking device (15) into the locking state and switching the conveying device (9) into the stationary state, and - in the emergency shut-off state, the device operatively connected to the fuel conducting device (3) and supplied with fuel is shut off.
6. A fuel cell assembly (2) comprising at least one fuel cell (5) and a fuel conducting device (3) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, in, - the supply connection (23) of the at least one fuel cell (5) is fluidically connected to the core guide (7.1), so that the at least one fuel cell (5) can be supplied with fuel via the core guide (7.1) for consumption in the at least one fuel cell (5), wherein: The at least one fuel cell (5) is designed to convert the fuel into the hood space medium (11), wherein: The removal connection (25) of the at least one fuel cell (5) is fluidically connected to the conveying device (9), so that the hood space medium (11) formed in the fuel cell (5) can be conveyed into the hood space (7.2).
7. The fuel cell assembly (2) according to claim 6, in, The removal connection (25) is fluidically connected to the stock collection device (17), so that the hood space medium (11) flowing away can be conducted into the stock collection device (17).
8. The fuel cell assembly (2) according to claim 6 or 7, in, The control device (21) is designed to switch off the at least one fuel cell (5) in the emergency shut-off state.
9. A water vehicle (1) having: - a fuel guiding device (3) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, and / or - A fuel cell assembly (2) according to any one of claims 6 to 8.