Method for planting morchella in oak forest

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for planting morchella in a oak forest, and belongs to the technical field of morchella planting, and the method comprises the steps of forest land selection and soil treatment, morchella sowing, nutrition bag placement, morchella management and the like. The conditioning agent A and the conditioning agent B are prepared to regulate and control the temperature of the morchella esculenta cultivation soil, so that the morchella esculenta can grow at proper temperature in different stages, the soil humidity is ensured, and the morchella esculenta is planted in a forest with high canopy density, so that the low-temperature, low-humidity and weak-light growth characteristics of the morchella esculenta are met, good growth of the morchella esculenta can be promoted, and the morchella esculenta yield is increased. The yield and the quality of the morchella esculenta are well improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of Morchella cultivation, and in particular to a method for cultivating Morchella under oak forests. Background Art

[0002] Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers. is a fungus of the family Morchellaceae and the genus Morchella. The cap is nearly spherical, ovoid to elliptical, up to 10 cm high, with a blunt apex and pits on the surface similar to those of a sheep's stomach. Morchella is an edible and medicinal mushroom with a unique fragrance, rich nutrition, and contains a variety of amino acids and organic germanium needed by the human body. It has always been regarded as a high-grade tonic for human nutrition in European and American countries.

[0003] At present, the cultivation modes of Morchella include greenhouse cultivation, field cultivation, and under-forest cultivation. Greenhouse cultivation can artificially control environmental factors such as temperature and humidity, but the input cost is high and it is not conducive to the accumulation of substances such as proteins and sugars in Morchella. The cost of cultivating Morchella in the field is low, but it is greatly affected by extreme weather and pests and diseases. Under-forest cultivation of Morchella is a new technology imitating wild growth, and it is a new industrial model that combines ecological benefits, social benefits, and economic benefits. Compared with ordinary field cultivation, under-forest cultivation of Morchella can utilize the shading effect of forest trees to reduce direct sunlight and provide a suitable growth environment for Morchella. At the same time, Morchella can also make full use of the rich humus in the forest land, and the fertilizers produced by Morchella can also promote the growth of forest trees, with complementary advantages, great development space, and good prospects. However, Morchella has high environmental requirements and grows well under low temperature, high humidity, and weak light conditions. Although under-forest cultivation of Morchella can use forest trees for shading to ensure weak light growth conditions, it is difficult to ensure low temperature and high humidity environmental conditions affected by natural conditions, which will seriously affect the yield and quality of Morchella.

[0004] Therefore, at present, it is necessary to find a suitable method for cultivating Morchella under forests to solve the problem that under-forest cultivation of Morchella is easily affected by natural environmental factors such as temperature, resulting in a reduction in the yield and quality of Morchella. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for cultivating Morchella under forests to solve the problem that under-forest cultivation of Morchella is easily affected by natural environmental factors such as temperature, resulting in a reduction in the yield and quality of Morchella.

[0006] The present invention solves the above technical problems through the following technical means:

[0007] A method for cultivating Morchella under oak forests, the method comprising the following steps:

[0008] (1) Woodland selection and soil treatment: Select Quercus acutissima forest or Cyclobalanopsis glauca forest with flat terrain and facing the sun with shelter from the wind. After clearing the fallen leaves and weeds on the ground, water to soak the surface soil, and then spread slaked lime at a rate of 40 - 70 kg / mu. Rototill the slaked lime into the soil for soil disinfection;

[0009] (2) Morchella esculenta sowing: Make beds on the disinfected soil. After making the beds, spread a layer of regulator A on the bed surface and rototill to mix the regulator A into the 1 - 5 cm soil layer; Crush the Morchella esculenta spawn to a diameter of 1 - 1.5 cm and evenly spread it on the bed surface mixed with regulator A, and then rototill to mix the Morchella esculenta spawn into the soil;

[0010] (3) Placement of nutrient bags: Place the nutrient bags 7 - 10 days after sowing Morchella esculenta. First, use a wallpaper knife to vertically cut two openings on the Morchella esculenta nutrient bag to expose the nutrients in the bag, then place the side with the cut facing the ground and gently press with hand to make the nutrient bag fully contact the ground;

[0011] (4) Morchella esculenta management: Regularly water to keep the soil humidity at 60 - 70%. When entering the primordium differentiation stage, spray regulator B at 12:00 noon on sunny days, and increase the watering amount to keep the soil humidity at 80 - 90%. After Morchella esculenta matures, it can be harvested.

[0012] Furthermore, when selecting the woodland in step (1), the forest canopy density of the woodland ≥ 0.6.

[0013] Furthermore, in step (2), the width of the bed is 90 - 110 cm, and the width of the ditch between beds is 30 - 40 cm, and the depth of the ditch is 20 - 30 cm.

[0014] Furthermore, in step (3), the spacing between the placed nutrient bags is 30 - 40 cm.

[0015] Furthermore, the preparation methods of the regulator A and regulator B are as follows:

[0016] Regulator A:

[0017] Immerse calcium - based bentonite in 0.5 wt% hydrochloric acid solution and soak overnight. After filtering to remove the filtrate, add it to water, stir and disperse, and add L - tert - leucine. Heat to 70 - 80 °C and stir - react for 30 - 60 min. After the reaction is completed, let it stand overnight, then add polyethylene glycol and adjust the pH to 7.5 - 8. Heat to 60 - 80 °C and continuously stir - react at a speed of 300 r / min for 4 - 6 h. After the reaction is completed, filter, dry, and granulate to obtain regulator A;

[0018] Regulator B:

[0019] Dissolve carboxymethyl cellulose in water, then add crotonic acid and salicylic acid and mix evenly to obtain regulator B.

[0020] Morchella has different temperature requirements at different growth stages. At the initial mycelium growth stage, the suitable temperature is 18-22°C, while at the later fruiting body growth stage, the suitable temperature is 12-15°C. In order to ensure the suitable temperature required for the growth of Morchella, the present invention prepares regulator A and regulator B to treat the soil.

[0021] Specifically, bentonite is treated with hydrochloric acid to clean the internal pores, and then L-tert-leucine is added for heating reaction. L-tert-leucine enters the interlayer structure of bentonite, and the interlayer structure of bentonite expands due to its steric hindrance effect. Then polyethylene glycol enters the expanded interlayer structure of bentonite and is embedded inside the bentonite to form regulator A. Among them, polyethylene glycol is a good phase change heat storage material, and its phase change performance is used to regulate the soil temperature. When the temperature rises during the day, it absorbs and stores heat, and releases the absorbed and stored heat at night, so as to ensure that the soil temperature is relatively high and stable, promote the good growth of mycelium, and prevent the inhibition of mycelium growth caused by too high, too low or too large day-night temperature difference.

[0022] When it comes to the primordium differentiation period of Morchella, the required temperature decreases. At this time, regulator B is sprayed. In regulator B, crotonic acid binds to the polyethylene glycol molecular chain, reducing the hydrolysis stability and photolysis stability of polyethylene glycol, thereby promoting the chain breakage of polyethylene glycol molecules. Then, after further decomposition, it loses its phase change heat storage performance. At this time, the soil temperature is easily affected by the ambient temperature and the day-night temperature difference is relatively large. And when the ambient temperature decreases, the soil temperature also remains low, which is beneficial to promoting primordium differentiation and the growth of later fruiting bodies. Through the combined action of regulator A and regulator B, a more suitable temperature environment is provided for different growth stages of Morchella. Combined with operations such as watering, the conditions required for the growth of Morchella are ensured, promoting the good growth of Morchella to improve the yield and quality.

[0023] However, crotonic acid will reduce the water absorption of bentonite, resulting in water loss in the water-swelled bentonite, reducing the swelling degree of bentonite, and making it difficult for the subsequent components of regulator B to continuously enter, reducing the effect. Therefore, carboxymethyl cellulose is also added to regulator B to promote the water absorption of bentonite, so as to promote the components in regulator B to better enter the bentonite and play a role.

[0024] Further, the molecular weight of polyethylene glycol in regulator A is 800.

[0025] Further, when preparing regulator A, the mass ratio of calcium-based bentonite, L-tert-leucine, and polyethylene glycol is (20-35):(0.5-1.5):(15-25).

[0026] Further, when preparing the regulator B agent, the mass ratio of carboxymethyl cellulose, crotonic acid, and salicylic acid is (1-2):(3-5):(0.2-0.6).

[0027] Further, when preparing the regulator A agent, the granulation particle size is 0.1-0.2 cm.

[0028] Further, the application amount of the regulator A agent is 0.5-1.5 kg / m 2 ; the spraying amount of the regulator B agent is 0.3-0.6 kg / m 2 .

[0029] Beneficial effects:

[0030] 1. The present invention plants Gastrodia elata under Quercus acutissima forests and Cyclobalanopsis glauca forests with high canopy density, and uses the shading effect of the forest trees to enable Morchella to grow well under low light conditions. Compared with greenhouse cultivation, the planting cost can be greatly reduced.

[0031] 2. The present invention also prepares a regulator A agent and a regulator B agent and applies them at different times of Morchella, which can jointly regulate the temperature at different growth stages of Morchella, further meet the temperature requirements for planting Morchella under the forest, ensure the environment for the growth of Morchella, promote the good growth of Morchella, and increase the yield. Specific embodiments

[0032] The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments:

[0033] Example 1: Preparation of regulator A agent and regulator B agent I

[0034] Regulator A agent:

[0035] Immerse 25 kg of calcium-based bentonite in a 0.5 wt% hydrochloric acid solution just to cover the bentonite, soak overnight, filter to remove the filtrate, then add 50 kg of water, stir and disperse, add 1 kg of L-tert-leucine, heat up to 75 °C, stir and react for 40 min. After the reaction is completed, let it stand overnight, then add 20 kg of polyethylene glycol with a molecular weight of 800 and adjust the pH to 7.6, heat up to 70 °C, and continuously stir and react at a speed of 300 r / min for 5 h. After the reaction is completed, filter, and then dry at 45 °C until the moisture content is about 8%, and put it into a granulator to prepare particles with a particle size of 0.1 cm to obtain the regulator A agent;

[0036] Regulator B agent:

[0037] Dissolve 1.5 kg of carboxymethyl cellulose in 15 kg of water, stir and dissolve, then add 4 kg of crotonic acid and 0.4 kg of salicylic acid, and mix evenly to obtain the regulator B agent.

[0038] Example 2: Preparation of regulator A agent and regulator B agent II

[0039] Regulator A agent:

[0040] Immerse 20 kg of calcium-based bentonite in a 0.5 wt% hydrochloric acid solution just to cover the bentonite, soak overnight, filter to remove the filtrate, add 40 kg of water and stir to disperse, then add 0.5 kg of L-tert-leucine, heat up to 70 °C and stir for 30 min. After the reaction is completed, let it stand overnight, then add 15 kg of polyethylene glycol with a molecular weight of 800 and adjust the pH to 7.5, heat up to 60 °C, and continuously stir and react at a speed of 300 r / min for 6 h. After the reaction is completed, filter, and then dry at 45 °C until the moisture content is about 8%. Put it into a granulator to prepare particles with a particle size of 0.1 cm to obtain the regulator A agent;

[0041] Regulator B agent:

[0042] Dissolve 1 kg of carboxymethyl cellulose in 10 kg of water, stir and dissolve, then add 3 kg of crotonic acid and 0.2 kg of salicylic acid and mix evenly to obtain the regulator B agent.

[0043] Example 3: Preparation of Regulator A Agent and Regulator B Agent III

[0044] Regulator A agent:

[0045] Immerse 35 kg of calcium-based bentonite in a 0.5 wt% hydrochloric acid solution just to cover the bentonite, soak overnight, filter to remove the filtrate, add 70 kg of water and stir to disperse, then add 1.5 kg of L-tert-leucine, heat up to 80 °C and stir for 30 min. After the reaction is completed, let it stand overnight, then add 25 kg of polyethylene glycol with a molecular weight of 800 and adjust the pH to 8, heat up to 80 °C, and continuously stir and react at a speed of 300 r / min for 4 h. After the reaction is completed, filter, and then dry at 45 °C until the moisture content is about 8%. Put it into a granulator to prepare particles with a particle size of 0.2 cm to obtain the regulator A agent;

[0046] Regulator B agent:

[0047] Dissolve 2 kg of carboxymethyl cellulose in 20 kg of water, stir and dissolve, then add 5 kg of crotonic acid and 0.6 kg of salicylic acid and mix evenly to obtain the regulator B agent.

[0048] Comparative Example 1: Preparation of Regulator A Agent and Regulator B Agent

[0049] In contrast to Example 1, the difference is only that L-tert-leucine is not added during the preparation of the regulator A agent in Comparative Example 1, as shown below:

[0050] Regulator A agent:

[0051] Immerse 25 kg of calcium-based bentonite in a 0.5 wt% hydrochloric acid solution just to cover the bentonite, soak overnight, filter to remove the filtrate, then add 50 kg of water, stir to disperse, and let stand overnight. Then add 20 kg of polyethylene glycol with a molecular weight of 800 and adjust the pH to 7.6. Heat to 70 °C and continuously stir and react at a speed of 300 r / min for 5 h. After the reaction is completed, filter, and then dry at 45 °C until the moisture content is about 8%. Put it into a granulator to prepare particles with a particle size of 0.1 cm to obtain regulator A;

[0052] Regulator B: The same as in Example 1.

[0053] Comparative Example 2: Preparation of regulator A and regulator B

[0054] In comparison with Example 1, the difference is only that the pH is not adjusted during the preparation of regulator A in Comparative Example 2. The specific steps are as follows:

[0055] Regulator A:

[0056] Immerse 25 kg of calcium-based bentonite in a 0.5 wt% hydrochloric acid solution just to cover the bentonite, soak overnight, filter to remove the filtrate, then add 50 kg of water, stir to disperse, and add 1 kg of L-tert-leucine. Heat to 75 °C and stir and react for 40 min. After the reaction is completed, let stand overnight. Then add 20 kg of polyethylene glycol with a molecular weight of 800, heat to 70 °C, and continuously stir and react at a speed of 300 r / min for 5 h. After the reaction is completed, filter, and then dry at 45 °C until the moisture content is about 8%. Put it into a granulator to prepare particles with a particle size of 0.1 cm to obtain regulator A;

[0057] Regulator B: The same as in Example 1.

[0058] Comparative Example 3: Preparation of regulator A and regulator B

[0059] In comparison with Example 1, the difference is only that in Comparative Example 3, the bentonite is not treated in hydrochloric acid but in water during the preparation of regulator A. The specific steps are as follows:

[0060] Regulator A:

[0061] Immerse 25 kg of calcium-based bentonite in clean water just to cover the bentonite, soak overnight, filter to remove the filtrate, then add 50 kg of water, stir to disperse, and add 1 kg of L-tert-leucine. Heat to 75 °C and stir and react for 40 min. After the reaction is completed, let stand overnight. Then add 20 kg of polyethylene glycol with a molecular weight of 800 and adjust the pH to 7.6. Heat to 70 °C and continuously stir and react at a speed of 300 r / min for 5 h. After the reaction is completed, filter, and then dry at 45 °C until the moisture content is about 8%. Put it into a granulator to prepare particles with a particle size of 0.1 cm to obtain regulator A;

[0062] Regulator B agent: The same as in Example 1.

[0063] Comparative Example 4: Preparation of Regulator A agent and Regulator B agent

[0064] In comparison with Example 1, the difference is only that carboxymethyl cellulose is not added during the preparation of Regulator B agent in Comparative Example 4, which is specifically as follows:

[0065] Regulator A agent: The same as in Example 1;

[0066] Regulator B agent:

[0067] Add 4 kg of crotonic acid and 0.4 kg of salicylic acid to 15 kg of water and mix evenly to obtain Regulator B agent.

[0068] Comparative Example 5: Preparation of Regulator A agent and Regulator B agent

[0069] In comparison with Example 1, the difference is only that crotonic acid is not added during the preparation of Regulator B agent in Comparative Example 5, which is specifically as follows:

[0070] Regulator A agent: The same as in Example 1;

[0071] Regulator B agent: Dissolve 1.5 kg of carboxymethyl cellulose in 15 kg of water, stir, and then add 0.4 kg of salicylic acid and mix evenly to obtain Regulator B agent.

[0072] Comparative Example 6: Preparation of Regulator A agent and Regulator B agent

[0073] In comparison with Example 1, the difference is only that salicylic acid is not added during the preparation of Regulator B agent in Comparative Example 6, which is specifically as follows:

[0074] Regulator A agent: The same as in Example 1;

[0075] Regulator B agent: Dissolve 1.5 kg of carboxymethyl cellulose in 15 kg of water, stir, and then add 4 kg of crotonic acid and 0.4 kg of salicylic acid and mix evenly to obtain Regulator B agent.

[0076] Example 4: Method for planting Morchella in forest

[0077] (1) Forest land selection and soil treatment: Select a Quercus acutissima forest with a canopy density of about 0.7, flat terrain, and sunny exposure. After removing the fallen leaves and weeds on the ground, water to moisten the surface soil, and then spread slaked lime at a rate of 60 kg / mu and rototill it into the soil for soil disinfection;

[0078] (2) Morchella esculenta seeding: On the disinfected soil, make beds with a width of 100 cm. The length is determined according to the planting area. The width of the ditch between beds is about 35 cm and the depth is about 25 cm. After making the beds, spread a layer of regulator A prepared by the method of Example 1 on the bed surface at a rate of 1 kg / m 2 and use rotary tillage to mix the regulator A into the soil layer of 1 - 5 cm. Water the soil to make it fully wet. After crushing the Morchella esculenta strains into pieces with a diameter of about 1 cm, evenly spread them on the bed surface mixed with regulator A. The seeding rate is 400 g / m 2 , and then use rotary tillage to mix the Morchella esculenta strains into the soil;

[0079] (3) Placing nutrient bags: Place the nutrient bags 8 days after Morchella esculenta seeding. First, use a utility knife to make two vertical cuts on the Morchella esculenta nutrient bags to expose the nutrients in the bags. Then, stick the side with the cut towards the ground and slightly press it by hand to make the nutrient bag fully contact the ground. The spacing between the placed nutrient bags is about 35 cm;

[0080] (4) Morchella esculenta management: Regularly water to keep the soil humidity at about 65%. When it starts to enter the primordium differentiation stage, at 12:00 noon on a sunny day, spray the regulator B prepared by the method of Example 1 at a rate of 0.4 kg / m 2 , and increase the amount of watering to keep the soil humidity at 85%. After the Morchella esculenta grows to maturity, it can be harvested.

[0081] Experiment 1: Performance detection experiment of regulators

[0082] Verify the effects of regulator A and regulator B prepared in Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 - 6. The specific method is as follows:

[0083] Take 7 flower pots with holes at the bottom, each filled with 4 kg of soil, and then mix 1000 g of regulator A of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 - 6 respectively, corresponding to the groups of Example 1, Comparative Examples 1 - 6; then take another same flower pot filled with 5 kg of soil as the blank control group. Adjust the soil humidity in Example 1, Comparative Examples 1 - 6 and the blank control group to 65%, transfer them to a constant temperature room at 28 °C, let them stand for 4 h, and then measure the soil temperature of each group (recorded as the first measured temperature). Then lower the indoor temperature to 16 °C, let them stand for 4 h, and measure the soil temperature of each group again (recorded as the second measured temperature); then evenly spray 400 g of the corresponding regulator B on the soil of each group, and place it at a temperature of 28 °C during the day and 16 °C at night for 5 days, and then measure the temperature at night (2:00 am) (recorded as the third measured temperature). When measuring the temperature, measure the temperature at the center of the soil in the flower pot. Repeat the experiment three times, and the obtained data are shown in Table 1.

[0084] Table 1

[0085]

[0086] Analysis based on the data in Table 1 shows that:

[0087] (1) In the Example 1 group, the temperature regulator A prepared by the present invention was added. After being placed at an environmental temperature of 28 °C for 4 h, the soil temperature was 24.6 °C. When the environmental temperature was reduced to 16 °C and placed for 4 h, the soil temperature was 20.8 °C. This shows that the temperature regulator A can absorb and release heat well, maintaining the soil temperature at a relatively high and stable level, which is beneficial to the good growth of hyphae. After spraying the temperature regulator B prepared by the present invention for a period of time, the polyethylene glycol in the regulator A breaks the chain and decomposes, losing the temperature regulation function. Then, when the environmental temperature decreases, the soil temperature quickly approaches the environmental temperature. In this case, it is beneficial to widen the temperature difference between day and night and promote the formation of fruiting bodies. And the lower temperature at night is beneficial to the growth of fruiting bodies. This shows that the temperature regulators prepared by the present invention can better regulate the soil temperature for Morchella cultivation to adapt to the growth of Morchella. Combining operations such as shading and watering and moisturizing under the forest can meet the good growth environment of Morchella, thereby promoting the growth of Morchella and increasing the yield.

[0088] (2) In Comparative Example 1, L-tert-leucine was not added during the preparation of the temperature regulator A, the swelling performance of bentonite was poor, and the amount of polyethylene glycol intercalated between the bentonite layers was low. In Comparative Example 2, the pH was not adjusted during the preparation of the temperature regulator A, reducing the swelling performance of bentonite. In Comparative Example 3, hydrochloric acid solution was not used to treat bentonite during the preparation of the temperature regulator A, resulting in blocked pores and low loading of polyethylene glycol between the layers. In Comparative Example 1, Comparative Example 2, and Comparative Example 3, more polyethylene glycol was exposed outside. Due to its high water solubility, it was lost with water, reducing the temperature regulation performance of the temperature regulator A.

[0089] (3) In Comparative Example 4, carboxymethyl cellulose was not added during the preparation of the temperature regulator B, and the water absorption and swelling performance of bentonite was poor, resulting in a reduced amount of the B agent entering the interior to act on polyethylene glycol. After 5 days, the phase change temperature regulation performance of polyethylene glycol in the A agent still remained good. In Comparative Example 5, crotonic acid was not added during the preparation of the temperature regulator B, and the polyethylene glycol could not be broken and decomposed, and the temperature regulation performance remained good. In Comparative Example 6, salicylic acid was not added during the preparation of the temperature regulator B, and the permeability of the temperature regulator B to bentonite was poor, thereby reducing the amount of the temperature regulator B entering and lowering the effect.

[0090] Experiment: Cultivation experiment of Morchella under the forest

[0091] 1. The temperature regulators prepared in Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 - 6 were used in the Morchella cultivation experiment. An experiment on cultivating Morchella under Quercus acutissima forest was carried out in Wanyin Village, Wulong District, Chongqing. The experiment was divided into 8 groups: Experimental Group 1, Control Group 1 - 6, and Blank Control Group:

[0092] Experimental Group 1 used the temperature regulator A, temperature regulator B of Example 1 and the Morchella cultivation method under the forest of Example 4;

[0093] For Control Groups 1 - 6, the regulator A, regulator B of Comparative Examples 1 - 6 and the cultivation method of Morchella esculenta under forest in Example 4 were respectively adopted.

[0094] Control Group 7 was an additional control group. Control Group 7 adopted the regulator A prepared in Example 1 and did not adopt regulator B, and the remaining methods were the same as those in Example 4.

[0095] The blank control group did not adopt regulator A and regulator B, and the remaining steps and methods were the same as those in Example 4.

[0096] 2. The seeding rate of Morchella esculenta strains was 400 g / m 2 , and 20 m 2 was sown in each group. After the Morchella esculenta in each group was harvested, the average yield of Morchella esculenta in each group was counted, and the data obtained are shown in Table 2:

[0097] Table 2

[0098]

[0099] It can be seen from the data analysis in Table 2 that:

[0100] In Experimental Group 1, the average yield was higher than that of Control Groups 1 - 7 and the blank control group. Since the performance of the regulators prepared in Control Groups 1 - 6 was poor and could not regulate the temperature better, the natural environmental temperature had a greater impact on the growth of Morchella esculenta, reducing the yield of Morchella esculenta. Among them, the yield of the blank control group without adding regulator A and regulator B decreased significantly, indicating that temperature regulation has an important impact on the growth of Morchella esculenta.

[0101] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified or equivalently replaced without departing from the purpose and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and they should all be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention. The technologies, shapes, and structures not described in detail in the present invention are all well-known technologies.

Claims

1. A method for planting Morchella in an oak forest, characterized in that: The method is as follows: (1) Forest selection and soil treatment: Select Quercus acutissima or Cyclobalanopsis glauca forests, clean the ground under the forest and spread slaked lime for disinfection; (2) Sowing of Morchella: Open a bed on the disinfected soil, spread a layer of regulator A on the bed surface, and till the soil so that the regulator A is mixed into the 1-5 cm soil layer; crush the Morchella spawn into a diameter of 1-1.5 cm and evenly spread it on the bed surface mixed with the regulator A, and then till the soil so that the Morchella spawn is mixed into the soil; (3) Place the nutrient bag: Place the nutrient bag 7 to 10 days after sowing the morels. First, use a wallpaper knife to vertically cut two holes on the nutrient bag to expose the nutrients in the bag. Then, place the cut side against the ground and press it slightly with your hands to ensure that the nutrient bag is in full contact with the ground. (4) Management of Morchella: Water regularly to keep the soil moisture at 60-70%. When entering the primordium differentiation period, spray the regulator B and increase the amount of watering to keep the soil moisture at 80-90%. The Morchella can be harvested after it matures.

2. The method for planting Morchella in an oak forest according to claim 1, characterized in that: When selecting the forest land in the step (1), the forest land canopy density is ≥ 0.

6.

3. The method for planting Morchella in an oak forest according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the step (2), the compartment width is 90-110 cm, the trench width between compartments is 30-40 cm, and the trench depth is 20-30 cm.

4. The method for planting Morchella in an oak forest according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step (3), the spacing between the nutrient bags is 30 to 40 cm.

5. The method for planting Morchella in an oak forest according to claim 4, characterized in that: The preparation methods of the regulating agent A and regulating agent B are as follows: Regulator A: The calcium-based bentonite is immersed in a 0.5wt% hydrochloric acid solution overnight, the filtrate is filtered out, the mixture is added into water, stirred and dispersed, and L-tert-leucine is added, the mixture is heated to 70-80°C, stirred and reacted for 30-60 minutes, and the mixture is allowed to stand overnight after the reaction is completed. Then, polyethylene glycol is added and the pH is adjusted to 7.5-8, the mixture is heated to 60-80°C, and the mixture is stirred and reacted at a speed of 300 r / min for 4-6 hours. After the reaction is completed, the mixture is filtered, dried, and granulated to obtain a regulating agent A; Regulator B: After carboxymethyl cellulose is dissolved in water, crotonic acid and salicylic acid are added and mixed evenly to obtain a regulating agent B.

6. The method for planting Morchella in oak forests according to claim 5, characterized in that: The molecular weight of the polyethylene glycol in the regulating agent A is 800.

7. The method for planting Morchella in oak forests according to claim 6, characterized in that: When the regulating agent A is prepared, the mass ratio of calcium bentonite, L-tert-leucine and polyethylene glycol is (20-35): (0.5-1.5): (15-25).

8. The method for planting Morchella in oak forests according to claim 7, characterized in that: When preparing the regulating agent B, the mass ratio of carboxymethyl cellulose, crotonic acid and salicylic acid is (1-2): (3-5): (0.2-0.6).

9. The method for planting Morchella in oak forests according to claim 8, characterized in that: The granulation particle size of the regulating agent A during preparation is 0.1-0.2 cm.

10. The method for planting Morchella in oak forests according to claim 9, characterized in that: The application amount of the regulating agent A is 0.5-1.5 kg / m 2 The spraying amount of the regulating agent B is 0.3-0.6 kg / m 2 .

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