Salinization grassland soil treatment device

Abstract

The invention provides a salinized grassland soil treatment device. The salinized grassland soil treatment device comprises a moving plate, a soil treatment box is installed at the top of the moving plate, a mixed nitrogen applying mechanism is arranged on one side of the soil treatment box, and the mixed nitrogen applying mechanism is used for adding a mixture of organic nitrogen and inorganic nitrogen into soil in the soil treatment box. A mixed nitrogen applying mechanism is arranged in the soil treatment box, the mixed nitrogen applying mechanism dynamically adjusts the mixing proportion of organic nitrogen and inorganic nitrogen according to the salinity gradient in the soil, a heating mechanism is arranged in the soil treatment box, a soil detection module is arranged in the soil treatment box, and the soil heating mechanism is used for heating the soil in the soil treatment box; the soil detection module is used for detecting soil parameters including the PH value, the electric conductivity, the temperature and humidity and the nitrogen content. The salinized grassland soil treatment device provided by the invention has the advantages that the device is convenient to use, gradient response type regulation and control of salinity can be realized, and the soil treatment efficiency can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of soil treatment, and particularly to a soil treatment device for saline-alkali grassland. Background Art

[0002] Saline-alkali grassland is a typical degraded ecosystem type. When the soil salt content exceeds 0.3%, it will significantly inhibit the growth of vegetation. Traditional improvement of saline-alkali soil mostly adopts extensive treatments such as manually applying desulfurized gypsum, organic fertilizer or freshwater leaching, which have problems such as low space utilization rate (large floor area of treatment equipment), poor nutrient regulation accuracy (fixed nitrogen ratio), and incomplete salt removal (low recycling efficiency of leaching water). Research shows that ions such as Na+ and Cl- in saline-alkali soil have significant gradient characteristics in the vertical distribution, while existing equipment mostly adopts surface spraying treatment, making it difficult to achieve gradient-responsive regulation of salt content.

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new soil treatment device for saline-alkali grassland to solve the above technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem solved by the present invention is to provide a soil treatment device for saline-alkali grassland that is easy to use, can achieve gradient-responsive regulation of salt content, and can improve soil treatment efficiency.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the soil treatment device for saline-alkali grassland provided by the present invention includes: a moving plate, on the top of which a soil treatment box is installed. One side of the soil treatment box is provided with a mixed nitrogen application mechanism, which is used to add a mixture of organic nitrogen and inorganic nitrogen to the soil in the soil treatment box, and the mixed nitrogen application mechanism dynamically adjusts the mixing ratio of organic nitrogen and inorganic nitrogen according to the salt gradient in the soil. A heating mechanism is provided in the soil treatment box, and a soil detection module is provided in the soil treatment box. The soil heating mechanism is used to heat the soil in the soil treatment box, and the soil detection module is used to detect soil parameters, including pH value, conductivity, temperature and humidity, and nitrogen content. Preferably, the soil treatment box includes a box body with an open top. One side of the box body is provided with a box door. A plurality of diversion grooves are opened at the bottom of the box body. An installation hole is provided on one inner wall of the box body. A seepage hole is opened at the bottom of the diversion groove, and a filter plate is fixedly installed in the seepage hole. A sliding hole is opened on the side of the box body away from the box door. Guide grooves are opened on both inner walls of the box body, and a card slot is opened at the top of the box door.

[0006] Preferably, the bottom of the box body is inclined, and the diversion grooves are opened on the bottom inner wall of the soil treatment box. The inclination angle between the diversion grooves and the bottom inner wall of the box body is 3° - 5°.

[0007] Preferably, the mixed nitrogen application mechanism dynamically adjusts the mixing ratio range of organic nitrogen to inorganic nitrogen according to the soil salinity gradient, which is 4:6 to 7:3.

[0008] Preferably, the mixed nitrogen application mechanism includes an organic nitrogen storage tank, an inorganic nitrogen storage tank, and a three-way electric proportional valve. Two water inlet ends of the three-way electric proportional valve are respectively connected to the organic nitrogen storage tank and the inorganic nitrogen storage tank. The other end of the three-way electric proportional valve is connected to one end of a first water pipe. A first water valve is provided on the first water pipe. The other end of the first water pipe is connected to a high-pressure water pump. The output end of the high-pressure water pump is connected to a porous spray pipe. A plurality of surface nozzles and a plurality of internal nozzles are fixedly installed at the bottom of the porous spray pipe. The internal nozzles are located inside the soil treatment tank.

[0009] Preferably, it further includes a lifting mechanism. The lifting mechanism includes at least two lifting rods. The tops of at least two lifting rods are fixedly installed with the same mounting frame. The porous spray pipe is fixedly installed at the bottom of the mounting frame.

[0010] Preferably, it further includes a salinity leaching mechanism. The salinity analysis mechanism is used to wash the salinity of the soil in the treatment tank. The salinity leaching mechanism includes a collection box. The collection box is located below the plurality of filter plates. A filter pipe is fixedly installed in the collection box. A plurality of filter holes are provided on the filter pipe. A fixing hole is provided on one side of the collection box. A second water pipe is fixedly installed in the fixing hole. One end of the first water pipe extends into the filter pipe. The other end of the second water pipe is connected to the first water pipe. The other end of the second water pipe is located on the side of the first water valve close to the high-pressure water pump. A second water valve is provided on the second water pipe.

[0011] Preferably, the soil detection module includes a plurality of sensor fixing frames installed on the mounting frame. The sensor fixing frames are used to install one or more soil sensors. The soil sensors include an integrated pH sensor, a conductivity sensor, a temperature and humidity sensor, and a nitrogen content detector probe. The same type of soil sensors located on different sensor fixing frames have different depths in the soil treatment tank. The soil depth range of the soil sensors in the soil treatment tank is 5 - 25 cm.

[0012] Preferably, the heating mechanism includes a plurality of heaters fixedly installed inside the soil treatment tank and a protective cover fixedly installed outside the soil treatment tank. The heaters penetrate through the mounting holes and extend into the protective cover. The heaters are located at the middle position inside the soil treatment tank.

[0013] Preferably, a heat and moisture preservation mechanism is further included. The heat and moisture preservation mechanism includes an installation box fixedly installed on an outer wall of one side of the soil treatment box. An installation shaft is rotatably installed in the installation box. A light-transmitting protective film is fixedly wound around the installation shaft. One end of the light-transmitting protective film is fixedly installed on the installation shaft. The light-transmitting protective film penetrates through the sliding hole. The other end of the light-transmitting protective film is fixedly installed with a guiding strip. Two ends of the guiding strip are respectively slidably installed in the two guiding grooves. A telescopic clamping block is fixedly installed on the top of the guiding strip. The telescopic clamping block is adapted to the clamping groove.

[0014] Compared with the related art, the salinized grassland soil treatment device provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention provides a salinized grassland soil treatment device. Through the soil detection module, the salt gradient data of the soil layer of 5-25 cm can be synchronously obtained. Combining with the fuzzy PID algorithm, the dynamic adjustment accuracy of the organic nitrogen ratio of the mixed nitrogen application mechanism reaches ±3%, and the nitrogen utilization rate is increased by 17.2% compared with the fixed ratio device. Through the salt leaching mechanism, the salt migration speed can be increased. Through the heating mechanism, when the conductivity > 3.6 dS / m, the heating mode of 25-30 °C can be started to improve the urease activity. Through the three-layer composite structure of the light-transmitting heat preservation film, while maintaining a light transmittance of 85%, the heat energy loss is reduced, and the organic nitrogen mineralization rate can be improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a preferred embodiment of the salinized grassland soil treatment device provided by the present invention; Figure 2 is Figure 1 a schematic structural diagram of another perspective shown in; Figure 3 is Figure 2 a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram shown in; Figure 4 is Figure 1 a schematic structural diagram after removing the heat and moisture preservation mechanism shown in; Figure 5 is Figure 4 a schematic installation structural diagram of the mixed nitrogen application mechanism and the lifting mechanism shown in; Figure 6 is Figure 4 a schematic installation structural diagram of the mixed nitrogen application mechanism, the lifting mechanism and the salt leaching mechanism shown in; Figure 7 is Figure 6 a schematic structural diagram of the collection box of the salt leaching mechanism shown in; Figure 8 is Figure 1 a schematic structural diagram of the heat and moisture preservation mechanism shown in; Figure 9 is Figure 8 the structural schematic diagram after removing the installation box as shown; Figure 10 is Figure 1 the structural schematic diagram of the soil treatment box as shown; Figure 11 is Figure 10 the structural schematic diagram from another perspective as shown.

[0016] Reference numerals in the figure: 1. Soil treatment box, 101. Box body, 102. Box door, 103. Installation hole, 104. Flow guide groove, 105. Filter plate, 106. Sliding hole, 107. Guide groove, 108. Card slot, 2. Mixed nitrogen application mechanism, 201. Organic nitrogen storage tank, 202. Inorganic nitrogen storage tank, 203. Three-way electric proportional valve, 204. First water pipe, 205. First water valve, 206. High-pressure water pump, 207. Porous spray pipe, 208. Surface nozzle, 209. Internal nozzle, 3. Soil detection module, 4. Heating mechanism, 5. Salt leaching mechanism, 501. Collection box, 502. Filter pipe, 503. Second water pipe, 504. Second water valve, 505. Fixed hole, 506. Filter hole, 6. Lifting mechanism, 7. Moving plate, 8. Heat and moisture preservation mechanism, 801. Installation box, 802. Installation shaft, 803. Transparent light-protecting film, 804. Guide strip, 805. Telescopic clamping block. Detailed implementation manners

[0017] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and implementation manners.

[0018] Please refer to Figures 1 - 11 , where Figure 1 is the structural schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the salinized grassland soil treatment device provided by the present invention; Figure 2 is Figure 1 the structural schematic diagram from another perspective as shown; Figure 3 is Figure 2 the sectional structural schematic diagram as shown; Figure 4 is Figure 1 the structural schematic diagram after removing the heat and moisture preservation mechanism as shown; Figure 5 is Figure 4 the installation structural schematic diagram of the mixed nitrogen application mechanism and the lifting mechanism as shown; Figure 6 is Figure 4 the installation structural schematic diagram of the mixed nitrogen application mechanism, the lifting mechanism and the salt leaching mechanism as shown; Figure 7 is Figure 6 the structural schematic diagram of the collection box of the salt leaching mechanism as shown; Figure 8 is Figure 1 the structural schematic diagram of the heat and moisture preservation mechanism as shown; Figure 9 is Figure 8Schematic structural diagram after removing the installation box as shown; Figure 10 is Figure 1 Schematic structural diagram of the soil treatment box as shown; Figure 11 is Figure 10 Schematic structural diagram from another perspective as shown. The saline-alkali grassland soil treatment device includes: a moving plate 7, a universal wheel with a locking function is installed at the bottom of the moving plate 7, the wheel diameter is 15 - 25 cm, and the load-bearing is ≥ 200 kg. A soil treatment box 1 is installed on the top of the moving plate 7. A foldable solar panel with an output power of 80 - 120 W may be provided on the side wall of the soil treatment box 1 to supply power to the heater and the soil sensor. A mixed nitrogen application mechanism 2 is provided on one side of the soil treatment box 1. The mixed nitrogen application mechanism 2 is used to add a mixture of organic nitrogen and inorganic nitrogen to the soil in the soil treatment box 1, and the mixed nitrogen application mechanism 2 dynamically adjusts the mixing ratio of organic nitrogen and inorganic nitrogen according to the salt gradient in the soil. A heating mechanism 4 is provided in the soil treatment box 1, and a soil detection module 3 is provided in the soil treatment box 1. The soil heating mechanism 4 is used to heat the soil in the soil treatment box 1, and the soil detection module 3 is used to detect soil parameters, including pH value, conductivity, temperature and humidity, and nitrogen content; The soil treatment box 1 includes a box body 101 with an open top. A box door 102 is provided on one side of the box body 101. A plurality of diversion grooves 104 are opened at the bottom of the box body 101. An installation hole 103 is provided on one inner wall of the box body 101. A seepage hole is opened at the bottom of the diversion groove 104, and a filter plate 105 is fixedly installed in the seepage hole. A sliding hole 106 is opened on the side of the box body 101 away from the box door 102. Guide grooves 107 are opened on both inner walls of the box body 101. A card slot 108 is opened at the top of the box door 2.

[0019] The bottom of the box body 101 is inclined. The diversion grooves 104 are opened on the bottom inner wall of the soil treatment box. The inclination angle between the diversion grooves 104 and the bottom inner wall of the box body 101 is 3° - 5°.

[0020] The range of the mixing ratio of organic nitrogen and inorganic nitrogen dynamically adjusted by the mixed nitrogen application mechanism 2 according to the soil salt gradient is: 4:6 to 7:3.

[0021] The hybrid nitrogen application mechanism 2 includes a machine nitrogen storage tank 201, an inorganic nitrogen storage tank 202, and a three-way electric proportional valve 203. Two water inlet ends of the three-way electric proportional valve 203 are respectively connected to the machine nitrogen storage tank 201 and the inorganic nitrogen storage tank 202. The other end of the three-way electric proportional valve 203 is connected to one end of a first water pipe 204. A first water valve 205 is provided on the first water pipe 204. The other end of the first water pipe 204 is connected to a high-pressure water pump 206. The output end of the high-pressure water pump 206 is connected to a porous spray pipe 207. A plurality of surface nozzles 208 and a plurality of internal nozzles 209 are fixedly installed at the bottom of the porous spray pipe 207. The internal nozzles 209 are located inside the soil treatment tank 1.

[0022] The spraying coverage radius of the surface nozzle 208 is adjusted within the range of 0.5 - 2.0 m by air pressure. The spraying pressure of the surface nozzles 208 and the internal nozzles 209 is 0.2 - 0.8 MPa, and the atomization particle size of the sprayed liquid ≤ 100 μm.

[0023] It further includes a lifting mechanism 6. The lifting mechanism 6 includes at least two lifting rods 601. The tops of at least two lifting rods 601 are fixedly installed with the same mounting frame 602. The porous spray pipe 207 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the mounting frame 602.

[0024] It further includes a salt leaching mechanism 5. The salt analysis mechanism 5 is used to wash the salt in the soil located in the treatment tank 1. The salt leaching mechanism 5 includes a collection tank 501. The collection tank 501 is located below a plurality of filter plates 105. A filter pipe 502 is fixedly installed in the collection tank 501. A fixing hole 505 is formed on one side of the collection tank 501. A second water pipe 503 is fixedly installed in the fixing hole. One end of the first water pipe 503 extends into the filter pipe 502. The other end of the second water pipe 503 is connected to the first water pipe 204. The other end of the second water pipe 503 is located on the side of the first water valve 205 close to the high-pressure water pump 206. A second water valve 504 is provided on the second water pipe 503.

[0025] The soil detection module 3 includes a plurality of sensor fixing frames installed on the mounting frame 602. The sensor fixing frames are used to install one or more soil sensors. The soil sensors include an integrated pH sensor, a conductivity sensor, a temperature and humidity sensor, and a nitrogen content detector probe. The same type of soil sensors located on a plurality of different sensor fixing frames have different depths in the soil treatment tank 1. The soil depth range of the soil sensors in the soil treatment tank 1 is 5 - 25 cm.

[0026] The heating mechanism 4 includes a plurality of heaters fixedly installed in the soil treatment box 1 and a protective cover 4 fixedly installed outside the soil treatment box 1. The heater passes through the installation hole 103 and extends into the protective cover 4. The heater is located in the middle of the soil treatment box 1.

[0027] The heater is a carbon fiber electric heating wire divided into 3-5 heating areas with independent temperature control. Each area adjusts the temperature differently according to the conductivity data of the corresponding position. The temperature difference control range is ±2°C. The buried depth of the heating wire is 10-30cm, and the distance between adjacent wires is 8-15cm.

[0028] It also includes a heat-insulating and moisturizing mechanism 8, which includes an installation box 801 fixedly installed on the outer wall of one side of the soil treatment box 1, a mounting shaft 802 is rotatably installed in the installation box 801, a light-transmitting protective film 803 is fixedly wound around the installation shaft 802, one end of the light-transmitting protective film 803 is fixedly installed on the installation shaft 802, the light-transmitting protective film 803 passes through the sliding hole 106, and a guide bar 804 is fixedly installed on the other end of the light-transmitting protective film 803, and the two ends of the guide bar 807 are respectively slidably installed in the two guide grooves 107, and a telescopic card block 805 is fixedly installed on the top of the guide bar 804, and the telescopic card block 805 is adapted to the card slot 108.

[0029] The light-transmitting protective film 803 is a three-layer composite structure, including an outer anti-ultraviolet layer, an intermediate aerogel insulation layer and an inner hydrophobic coating (313), wherein the thermal conductivity of the intermediate aerogel insulation layer is ≤0.023W / (m·K), and the overall thickness of the light-transmitting protective film 803 is 0.5-1.2mm.

[0030] The present invention can also be provided with a control module, which is connected to each mechanism and has a built-in fuzzy PID algorithm to adjust the nitrogen application ratio, heating power and processing time in real time according to sensor data.

[0031] In this embodiment, The pH, EC value and nitrogen content data of the 5-25 cm soil layer are obtained in real time through various soil sensors of the soil detection module 3. When the pH is less than 7.5 and the conductivity is greater than 3.6 dS / m, the mixed nitrogen application mechanism 2 is started to increase the organic nitrogen ratio to 70% through the three-way electric proportional valve 203, and the carbon fiber electric heating wire is heated to 30°C to promote the activity of nitrifying bacteria; when the pH is greater than or equal to 8.0 and the conductivity is less than or equal to 2.0 dS / m, the inorganic nitrogen ratio is switched to 80%.

[0032] Through the salt leaching mechanism 5 in cooperation with the high-pressure water pump 206, the porous nozzle 207 and the surface nozzle 208 in the mixed nitrogen application mechanism 2, the salt in the soil can be washed, and at the same time, in cooperation with the heating mechanism 4, it can prevent the salt recrystallization caused by low temperature during the leaching process.

[0033] Compared with the related technologies, the salinized grassland soil treatment device provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention provides a salinized grassland soil treatment device. Through the soil detection module 3, the salt gradient data of the 5-25 cm soil layer can be synchronously obtained. Combining with the fuzzy PID algorithm, the dynamic adjustment accuracy of the organic nitrogen ratio of the mixed nitrogen application mechanism 2 reaches ±3%, and the nitrogen utilization rate is increased by 17.2% compared with the fixed ratio device; through the salt leaching mechanism 5, the salt migration speed can be increased; through the heating mechanism 4, when the conductivity > 3.6 dS / m, the 25-30 °C heating mode can be started to increase the urease activity; through the three-layer composite structure of the light-transmitting heat-preserving film 803, while maintaining a light transmittance of 85%, the heat energy loss can be reduced, and the organic nitrogen mineralization rate can be increased.

[0034] The above are only the embodiments of the present invention, and thus do not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made by using the content of the specification and drawings of the present invention, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, shall be equally included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A saline-alkali grassland soil treatment device, characterized in that, Comprising: A moving plate, on the top of which a soil treatment box is installed. On one side of the soil treatment box, there is a mixed nitrogen application mechanism for adding a mixture of organic nitrogen and inorganic nitrogen to the soil in the soil treatment box, and the mixed nitrogen application mechanism dynamically adjusts the mixing ratio of organic nitrogen and inorganic nitrogen according to the salt gradient in the soil. Inside the soil treatment box, there is a heating mechanism and a soil detection module. The soil heating mechanism is used to heat the soil in the soil treatment box, and the soil detection module is used to detect soil parameters, including pH value, conductivity, temperature and humidity, and nitrogen content.

2. The saline-alkali grassland soil treatment device according to claim 1, wherein The soil treatment box includes a box body with an open top. On one side of the box body, there is a box door. At the bottom of the box body, there are a plurality of diversion grooves. On one inner wall of the box body, there is an installation hole. At the bottom of the diversion groove, there is a seepage hole, and a filter plate is fixedly installed in the seepage hole. On the side of the box body away from the box door, there is a sliding hole. On both inner walls of the box body, there are guide grooves, and on the top of the box door, there is a clamping groove.

3. The salinized grassland soil treatment device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The bottom of the box body is inclined, and the diversion grooves are arranged on the bottom inner wall of the soil treatment box. The inclination angle between the diversion grooves and the bottom inner wall of the box body is 3°-5°.

4. The saline-alkali grassland soil treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The range of the mixing ratio of organic nitrogen and inorganic nitrogen dynamically adjusted by the mixed nitrogen application mechanism according to the soil salt gradient is: 4:6 to 7:

3.

5. The salinized grassland soil treatment device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The mixed nitrogen application mechanism includes an organic nitrogen storage tank, an inorganic nitrogen storage tank and a three-way electric proportional valve. The two water inlet ends of the three-way electric proportional valve are respectively connected with the organic nitrogen storage tank and the inorganic nitrogen storage tank. The other end of the three-way electric proportional valve is connected with one end of a first water pipe. A first water valve is arranged on the first water pipe. The other end of the first water pipe is connected with a high-pressure water pump. The output end of the high-pressure water pump is connected with a porous spray pipe. A plurality of surface nozzles and a plurality of internal nozzles are fixedly installed at the bottom of the porous spray pipe, and the internal nozzles are located inside the soil treatment box.

6. The salinized grassland soil treatment device according to claim 5, wherein It also includes a lifting mechanism, which includes at least two lifting rods. The tops of at least two lifting rods are fixedly installed with the same mounting frame, and the porous spray pipe is fixedly installed at the bottom of the mounting frame.

7. The saline-alkali grassland soil treatment device according to claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes a salt leaching mechanism for flushing the salt in the soil in the treatment box. The salt leaching mechanism includes a collection box located below the plurality of filter plates. A filter pipe is fixedly installed in the collection box. On one side of the collection box, there is a fixing hole, and a second water pipe is fixedly installed in the fixing hole. One end of the first water pipe extends into the filter pipe, and the other end of the second water pipe is connected with the first water pipe. The other end of the second water pipe is located on the side of the first water valve close to the high-pressure water pump, and a second water valve is arranged on the second water pipe.

8. The salinized grassland soil treatment device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The soil detection module includes a plurality of sensor fixing brackets mounted on the mounting frame. The sensor fixing brackets are used to mount one or more soil sensors. The soil sensors include an integrated pH sensor, a conductivity sensor, a temperature and humidity sensor, and a probe of a nitrogen content detector. The same type of soil sensors located on different sensor fixing brackets have different depths in the soil treatment box. The depth range of the soil sensors in the soil treatment box is 5-25 cm.

9. The salinized grassland soil treatment device according to claim 2, wherein The heating mechanism includes a plurality of heaters fixedly installed in the soil treatment box and a protective cover fixedly installed outside the soil treatment box. The heaters penetrate through the mounting holes and extend into the protective cover. The heaters are located at the middle position inside the soil treatment box.

10. The salinized grassland soil treatment device according to claim 2, characterized in that, It further includes a heat and moisture preservation mechanism. The heat and moisture preservation mechanism includes a mounting box fixedly installed on one outer wall of the soil treatment box. An installation shaft is rotatably installed in the mounting box. The installation shaft is fixedly wound with a light-transmitting protective film. One end of the light-transmitting protective film is fixedly installed on the installation shaft. The light-transmitting protective film penetrates through the sliding hole. The other end of the light-transmitting protective film is fixedly installed with a guiding strip. The two ends of the guiding strip are respectively slidably installed in the two guiding grooves. A telescopic clamping block is fixedly installed on the top of the guiding strip. The telescopic clamping block is adapted to the clamping groove.

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