Method for realizing seedless fruit of roxburgh rose by utilizing pollination technology

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for realizing seedless of roxburgh rose fruits by using a pollination technology, belongs to the technical field of fruit tree cross breeding, and particularly relates to a method for realizing seedless of roxburgh rose fruits by using a pollination technology. The method is characterized in that rosa roxburghii 'Guinong No.1' pollination is performed on rosa roxburghii 'Guinong No.1' by acquiring pollen of rosa roxburghii 'Guinong No.1' in a full-bloom stage under natural conditions, and rosa roxburghii seedless fruits obtained through hybridization are reported for the first time. The pollination method comprises the following specific pollination steps: (1) collecting flower buds: selecting roxburgh rose 'Guinong No.1' as a female parent, selecting roxburgh rose 'thorn-free No.1' as a male parent, and taking flower buds of the male parent in a full-bloom stage of the male parent; 2) anther drying: naturally airing the male parent flower buds; 3) collecting pollen; 4) pollination: selecting a female parent flower bud which is red but not bloomed, castrating, pollinating and bagging; 5) bag removal: removing pollination bags 2-5 days after pollination, and allowing natural growth. By means of the method, seedless fruits with good quality can be obtained. The pollination method disclosed by the invention is of great significance for preparing pollinizers in a field in the future to cultivate excellent rosa roxburghii fruits without seeds.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of fruit tree hybrid breeding, and in particular relates to a method for achieving seedless roxburghii fruit by utilizing pollination technology. Background Art

[0002] Seabuckthorn is a specialty fruit tree of the genus Rosa in the Rosaceae family. Seabuckthorn fruit has the reputation of being the "king of vitamin C". The content of vitamin C is around 1800mg / 100g to 3500mg / 100g. Vitamin C is a water-soluble vitamin that the human body cannot synthesize on its own, so it must be ingested through diet. Eating fruits rich in high vitamin C has become a pursuit of healthy diet, which helps prevent anemia, reduce chronic inflammation, promote wound healing and tissue repair, etc., and the demand for fresh seabuckthorn fruit is also increasing. Seabuckthorn fruit trees are widely planted in Guizhou Province, currently reaching more than 2 million mu, with an output value of about 18 billion, mainly used for fresh consumption and juicing. However, the seeds in the seabuckthorn fruit, firstly, affect the taste of fresh food, and secondly, increase the cost of manual seed removal. At present, there is no effective method for cultivating seedless seabuckthorn fruit. Existing technologies mostly rely on manual seed removal, which increases production costs and labor intensity.

[0003] Stimulant parthenocarpy refers to the phenomenon that parthenocarpy can only be caused by the induction of some external factors. The inducing factors (stimulants) include pollen from foreign plants, growth regulators or other chemical substances. These parthenocarpy methods are widely used in the practice of citrus, grapes and other fruit trees to obtain seedless fruits, but no method of obtaining seedless sea buckthorn fruits has been seen in sea buckthorn fruits. Summary of the invention

[0004] The invention provides a pollination method and application for obtaining high-quality roxburghii seedless fruits. The invention relates to a method for obtaining roxburghii seedless fruits, using pollen of "thornless No. 1" roxburghii to pollinate the stigma of "Guinong No. 1", and a method for achieving embryo abortion and normal fruit development after hybridization.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] The invention provides a method for achieving seedless roxburghii fruit by utilizing pollination technology, wherein roxburghii "No Thornless No. 1" is adopted as a cross-pollination variety to perform artificial pollination on roxburghii "Guinong No. 1".

[0007] Furthermore, the pollen of the sea buckthorn variety "Thornless No. 1" is taken from the blooming period.

[0008] Furthermore, the pollination method comprises the following steps:

[0009] 1) Bud collection: Select the roxburghii cultivar “Guinong No. 1” as the female parent, select the roxburghii cultivar “Wu Ci No. 1” as the male parent, and collect the flower buds of the male parent when the male parent is in full bloom;

[0010] 2) Anther drying: Naturally dry the male parent flower buds.

[0011] 3) Pollen collection;

[0012] 4) Pollination: Select female parent flower buds that are showing red but not yet blooming, emasculate, pollinate, and bag them.

[0013] 5) Remove the bag: Remove the pollination bag 2 - 5 days after pollination and let it grow naturally.

[0014] Further, in step 2), place the male parent flower buds on sulfuric acid paper and dry them naturally.

[0015] Further, the completion time of step 4) is selected between 8:00 - 10:00 in the morning.

[0016] Further, in step 4), the emasculation step is to cut off the stamens and petals to ensure that the pollen cannot fall onto the stigma.

[0017] Further, in step 5), after growing naturally for 4 months, count the number of fruits set and the number of seeds in the fruits.

[0018] The present invention also provides the application of the above - mentioned pollination method in the cultivation of seedless Rosa roxburghii fruits.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] The present invention hybridizes and pollinates different Rosa roxburghii varieties for the first time to obtain seedless Rosa roxburghii fruits. Using the method of the present invention, seedless fruits with excellent fruit quality can be obtained. The pollination method of the present invention is of great significance for the future field preparation of pollinator trees to cultivate excellent seedless Rosa roxburghii fruits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a diagram of the flower buds and fruits of "Guinong No. 1" in Example 1;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a diagram of the flower buds and fruits of "Wuci No. 1" in Example 1;

[0023] Figure 3 It is a diagram of the flower buds and fruits of "Wuci No. 2" in Example 1;

[0024] Figure 4 It is a cross - sectional view of the fruit of "Guinong No. 1" in Example 1;

[0025] Figure 5 It is a cross - sectional view of the fruit of "Wuci No. 1" in Example 1;

[0026] Figure 6 It is a cross - sectional view of the fruit of "Wuci No. 2" in Example 1;

[0027] Figure 7 Cross-sectional view of the fruit after cross-pollination between "Guinong No. 1" and "Wuci No. 1" in Example 1;

[0028] Figure 8 Cross-sectional view of the fruit after cross-pollination between "Guinong No. 1" and "Wuci No. 2" in Example 1;

[0029] Figure 9 Cross-sectional view of the fruit after mixed cross-pollination between "Guinong No. 1", "Wuci No. 1" and "Wuci No. 2" in Example 1;

[0030] Figure 10 Wild-type seedless Rosa roxburghii Tratt fruit diagram;

[0031] Figure 11 Diagram of the seedless Rosa roxburghii Tratt fruit prepared by the method described in this application; Detailed implementation manners

[0032] For better illustration of the present invention, specific examples are listed as follows. Obviously, the described examples are only a part of the present invention, rather than all examples. Based on the examples in the present invention, other examples obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the drawings and examples.

[0034] Example 1 Fruit setting situation of different combinations of cross-pollination with Rosa roxburghii Tratt "Guinong No. 1" as the female parent

[0035] Three Rosa roxburghii Tratt varieties, namely "Guinong No. 1", "Wuci No. 1" and "Wuci No. 2", were planted in the Rosa roxburghii Tratt germplasm resource nursery of Guizhou University in Guizhou Province, and conventional field management was carried out.

[0036] At 9:00 am in late April 2024, 5 flower buds of each of the two Rosa roxburghii Tratt varieties "Wuci No. 1" and "Wuci No. 2" in the full-bloom stage were randomly selected, taken back to the laboratory, and left to dry naturally on sulfuric acid paper overnight. The next day, the pollen was collected into 10 ml centrifuge tubes respectively, and at 9:00 am, it was taken to the Rosa roxburghii Tratt germplasm resource nursery. The flower buds of "Guinong No. 1" with more red showing but not yet blooming were selected, and the stamens and petals were cut off with a branch shear, taking care not to let the pollen fall onto the stigma. The pollen of the male parent was respectively brushed onto the emasculated female parent with a fine-tipped brush, and then bagged and tagged. The bags were removed three days later, and the plants grew naturally. After 4 months, the number of fruit set and the number of seeds in the fruit were counted, and the results are shown in Table 1 below.

[0037] Table 1 Fruit setting situation of different female parent and male parent cross combinations

[0038]

[0039] According to the experimental results of different parental hybrid combinations, the number of seeds per single fruit of "Guinong No. 1" in normal self-crossing is about 25. After crossing "Guinong No. 1" as the female parent with "Wuci No. 1" as the male parent, the size of the fruit is not much different from that of the mature self-crossed fruit of "Guinong No. 1", and there are no seeds in the fruit. After crossing "Guinong No. 1" as the female parent with "Wuci No. 2" as the male parent, the size of the fruit is quite different from that of the mature self-crossed fruit of "Guinong No. 1". The artificially hybridized fruits are of different sizes, and the incompatible flower buds wither and fall off one month after hybridization. The hybridization compatibility is poor, and the mature fruits of successful hybridization have relatively fewer seeds. After crossing "Guinong No. 1" as the female parent with the mixture of "Wuci No. 1" and "Wuci No. 2" as the male parent, only one fruit is successfully produced, and the fruit is deformed, with only 2 seeds in the fruit.

[0040] Meanwhile, the quality of the fruits obtained from the above different female and male parent hybridizations was preliminarily analyzed and compared with the fruits of existing wild seedless Rosa roxburghii Tratt. The results are shown in Table 2 below.

[0041] Table 2 Comparison of fruit traits of different hybrid combinations

[0042]

[0043]

[0044] According to the above comparison of fruit traits, the seedless Rosa roxburghii Tratt fruits obtained by hybridization using the technical scheme of the present invention have a larger transverse diameter, longitudinal diameter and single fruit mass than wild seedless Rosa roxburghii Tratt, and the fruit quality is better than that of wild seedless Rosa roxburghii Tratt fruits.

[0045] Furthermore, the appearance of the seedless Rosa roxburghii Tratt fruits obtained by hybridization using the method described in this application was compared with that of wild-type seedless Rosa roxburghii Tratt. Specifically, see below Figure 10 - Figure 11 . It was found that the seedless Rosa roxburghii Tratt fruits obtained under the technical scheme of this application are larger than wild-type seedless Rosa roxburghii Tratt.

[0046] In addition, the nutritional quality of the fruits obtained from the above different female and male parent hybridizations was analyzed and compared with the nutritional components of wild seedless Rosa roxburghii Tratt fruits. The results are shown in Table 3 below.

[0047] Table 3 Comparison of nutritional components of fruits of different combinations

[0048]

[0049] According to the above comparison of fruit nutritional components, the Vc content of the seedless Rosa roxburghii Tratt fruits obtained by hybridization using the technical scheme of the present invention is much higher than that of wild seedless Rosa roxburghii Tratt, and it can be used as a high vitamin C fruit to be pursued in a healthy diet.

[0050] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit of the design of the present invention, various deformations and improvements made by those of ordinary skill in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for achieving seedless roxburghii fruit using pollination technology, characterized in that: The thornless 1 of roxburghii was used as the cross-pollination variety to artificially pollinate the roxburghii cultivar Guinong 1.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The pollen of the roxburghii variety "thornless No. 1" was taken during the blooming period.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The pollination method comprises the following steps: 1) Bud collection: Select the roxburghii cultivar "Guinong No. 1" as the female parent, select the roxburghii cultivar "Wu Ci No. 1" as the male parent, and collect the flower buds of the male parent when the male parent is in full bloom; 2) Anther drying: let the male parent flower buds dry naturally; 3) Pollen collection; 4) Pollination: Select the female plant buds that are red but not bloomed, emasculate, pollinate and bag; 5) Remove the pollination bag: Remove the pollination bag 2-5 days after pollination and let the plants grow naturally.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that: In the step 2), the male parent flower buds are placed on sulfuric acid paper to dry naturally.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The completion time of step 4) is selected between 8:00 and 10:00 in the morning.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that The emasculation step in step 4) is to cut off the stamens and petals to ensure that pollen cannot fall onto the stigma.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that In the step 5), the number of set fruits and the number of seeds in the fruits are counted after 4 months of natural growth.

8. Application of the pollination method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 in cultivating seedless fruits of Rosa roxburghii.

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