All-round fire-fighting helicopter system

Abstract

The fire-fighting helicopter is an all-round fire-fighting helicopter, can be used for rescuing fire at any place, and is good at fighting fire in high-rise buildings, villages and towns, villages and forests in cities, which are fire-fighting pain and difficulty. The fire-fighting train can extinguish fire in low-rise buildings, bungalows and warehouses, and is an upgraded, substituted and complementary product of the existing fire-fighting train. The method has the main characteristics that the speed is high; and the system can fly to a fire scene within 5-10 minutes and is not influenced by traffic jam. And 2, the method is enough. Therefore, the defect that fire disasters of middle and high-rise buildings cannot be rescued by a train is overcome. And when a fire disaster occurs in places without roads, the fire can be timely and effectively extinguished. And 3, the efficiency is high. And multi-direction simultaneous operation or alternate operation can be realized, so that fire extinguishing is not stopped. Ground fire fighting and air fire fighting are organically combined. And fourthly, the operation distance is long. And fire disasters of dozens of kilometers, hundreds of kilometers, thousands of kilometers to twenty thousand kilometers can be rescued, and a large number of all-round fire fighting helicopters can be concentrated for long-distance fire fighting when forest fire disasters occur.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This is an all-round fire-fighting helicopter that can extinguish fires horizontally and vertically. It can be used for urban fire-fighting, especially for high-rise buildings, and can also extinguish fires in towns, villages and forests. The helicopter fire-fighting system consists of three subsystems: the helicopter, the water filling pool and the lifting platform. Each subsystem has specific designs, components and technical requirements. Main features: First, it is fast. It can usually fly to the fire scene within ten minutes and is not affected by traffic jams. Second, it can reach. It can reach even the tallest buildings, making up for the shortcoming that fire trucks cannot extinguish fires in high-rise buildings. Generally speaking, fire trucks are powerless for buildings above 30 floors. Now, high-rise buildings in large and medium-sized cities range from fifty or sixty floors to over a hundred floors. For example, there are high-rise buildings with over sixty floors in Humen Town, Dongguan. In addition, it can also reach distant fires. It can reach places that are far away and have no roads. Third, it is efficient. It can operate simultaneously in multiple directions, and can take turns and relay to keep the fire extinguishing continuous. It can combine ground fire-fighting and aerial fire-fighting. Background Art

[0002] At present, there is no fire-fighting helicopter in the world, so there is no relevant technology. To be exact, there are only helicopters for sprinkling water and powder on ground fires, which are completely different products, technologies and concepts from the present invention. This invention is to move large and medium-sized fire trucks into the air. Summary of the Invention

[0003] 1. All-round fire-fighting helicopter

[0004] ① Main designs and technical requirements

[0005] A. Basic performance. It can carry 12 tons of water, with a speed of 315 km / h and a range of over 2000 km.

[0006] B. Flight stability. It is not affected by the recoil of the water gun shooting water and the heat wave of the fire.

[0007] C. High-mounted engine. It is placed on the back of the aircraft or on both sides of the back, without affecting the water filling of the helicopter.

[0008] D. Low-mounted water tank and high-mounted water filling port. The water tank is installed in the belly of the aircraft and extends upwards to the back as much as possible. There are 1 - N water filling ports, which are placed above the water tank and kept at a certain distance from the engine to prevent water from pouring into the engine, rotating shaft and mechanical devices. There is an openable air inlet at the upper part of the water tank, and water can be poured into the water tank only when it is open.

[0009] E. Landing gear and wheels. To be able to land stably on the lifting platform of the water filling pool, a parking landing gear is set. When it is necessary to land on the lifting platform, the landing gear is opened so that the landing gear touches the lifting platform, which is more stable and reliable. Four or four pairs of wheels are set. When landing with the landing gear, the wheels are retracted into the belly of the aircraft, flattened and closely attached to the belly or higher than the landing gear (the wheels are smaller and the brackets are shorter). In this way, the landing gear can be relatively short, thereby reducing the center of gravity of the fire fighting helicopter and enabling it to land steadily on the lifting platform.

[0010] F. Fire fighting water gun. A fire fighting water gun is installed in front of or below the nose of the aircraft. The horizontal shooting range reaches more than 50 meters, at least 15 meters longer than the helicopter rotor blades. In this way, the rotor blades will not hit the building, and the helicopter can keep a certain distance from the fireball, not affected by the heat wave disturbance, and can accurately shoot the water column into the building through the window. The water shooting power of the fire fighting water gun comes from a high-pressure water pump.

[0011] G. Dry powder cannon. The fire fighting helicopter is equipped with a dry powder fire extinguishing cannon, which fires long-shaped grenades with a caliber of 40 - 80 mm, filled with dry powder. After encountering high temperature, it explodes in the air after a certain delay (about flying another 5 - 10 meters), spraying out dry powder, which can extinguish the fire in a room, about 50 square meters or so. In case of a fire in the warehouse and bungalow below the helicopter, rotate the dry powder cannon downward, keep a certain distance from the helicopter, or the helicopter dives slightly, and fire the dry powder bomb into the fire. Sometimes it is better than water, especially when oily substances are burning. Some rooms are used as warehouses of companies or individuals, filled with various oily substances, such as paint, alcohol, white liquor, linoleum, etc.

[0012] H. Window-breaking cannon. A window-breaking cannon is installed in front of the nose of the aircraft, with a caliber of 14.5 - 20 mm. It uses blasting bombs and explodes when hitting the glass, shattering the glass. When the water gun cannot break through the curtain wall glass, fire the cannon to break it. In the military, those with a caliber below 20 mm are called guns, and those with a caliber of 20 mm and above are called cannons. Here, they are all uniformly called window-breaking cannons. It is also possible to install a 35 mm grenade launcher of the People's Liberation Army, and the requirement is to be accurate and break the glass into pieces. In the future, for the curtain wall glass of high-rise buildings, it is best to use the kind that will break into pieces as a whole after being hit by a bullet, so that it can be broken with a rifle, or it will all break inside the building after being hit by a bullet and then flushed with a water gun. No matter what kind of guns or cannons are used, a special shooter should be equipped to ensure a hundred percent hit rate.

[0013] I. Suspended water gun

[0014] To be able to extinguish the fires in warehouses, bungalows and low-rise buildings, the all-round fire fighting helicopter hovers in the air, lowers 1, 2 or N high-pressure water guns with hoses, and one, two or N firefighters slide down from the aircraft on a zip line and use the high-pressure fire fighting water guns on the ground to extinguish the fire. If a fire truck arrives, it can provide the suspended water gun to the ground firefighters for them to carry out the fire extinguishing. In this way, the fire fighting helicopter is truly all-round.

[0015] J. Spray bar rack

[0016] To add a vertical fire extinguishing function, a boom rack is equipped to extinguish fires in warehouses, bungalows and forests. It is similar to the boom machine in American agriculture, except that the American boom machine has one boom, while the all-purpose fire-fighting helicopter has 6 booms or N booms. Three horizontal and three vertical booms form the boom rack, which is actually a rain-seeding device.

[0017] The length of both the horizontal and vertical booms is about 20 meters. Dozens of nozzles are installed on each boom, facing forward, backward, left, right and downward. Each nozzle has multiple spray holes with a diameter of 5 - 10 mm, and the size can be manually adjusted. The water output of each nozzle is 50 - 100 kg per minute, and the total water output of all nozzles is 1000 - 2000 kg per minute. When the helicopter hovers or flies to spray water for 5 - 10 minutes, 10 tons of water is sprayed, and then the second wave of helicopters takes over to spray water.

[0018] The two ends of the boom are also nozzles with a range of about 10 meters. The water mist coverage area is 900 square meters, and it expands to 1800 square meters under the fanning of the helicopter rotor blades. When people feel there is no wind on the ground, the wind is at level 1 - 3, and at an altitude of 1000 meters, the wind force is 4 - 5 levels. The water mist coverage area triples to 5400 square meters, which is 75% of the area of a football field. The size of the coverage area depends on the fire situation. The higher the helicopter, the larger the coverage area. Generally, it operates at an altitude of 300 - 3000 meters, and at an altitude of 3000 meters, the wind force is usually 5 - 6 levels. The water mist will aggregate into raindrops in the air, and the effect of the raindrops reaching the ground is moderate rain or heavy rain.

[0019] The water pressure of the nozzles comes from a high-pressure water pump, and a special water pump provides water pressure for the boom rack. Adjusting the speed of the water pump can control the size of the spray. That is to say, there are three ways to adjust the "rainfall" size: ① The size of the spray holes. ② The water pump pressure. ③ The flight altitude.

[0020] K. Dry powder bombs. The caliber is 100 - 300 mm, with an iron sheet shell filled with dry powder. It explodes in the air when encountering fire, or explodes when the temperature reaches the set value. If the in-air explosion fails, it will explode when hitting a hard object. It is mainly used to extinguish fires in warehouses and bungalows, and can also be used for forest fire fighting.

[0021] L. Dry powder bomb containers. The dry powder bombs are installed in containers, and the containers are hung under the belly of the helicopter. Each container has 50 or N bombs, and each bomb weighs about 20 kg. One container weighs about 1000 kg. At most, 10 or N containers can be hung, with a total of 500 or more bombs, depending on the mission requirements. After being hung, no water is filled. The number of bombs released each time depends on the need and can be controlled.

[0022] M. Automatic loader for dry powder bomb containers.

[0023] The dry powder bomb container automatic loading and unloading machine can move automatically, align automatically, rise automatically, and fall automatically. When the all-purpose fire-fighting helicopter lands on a hollow parking position, the automatic loading and unloading machine jacks up the container, touches the four hooks of the helicopter, and clicks tightly. The helicopter can also hover at a height of 1 - 3 meters. The automatic loader jacks up the container, touches the four hooks of the helicopter, and clicks tightly. After the bombing is completed, the automatic loading and unloading machine aligns and jacks up. When it reaches the position, the container is automatically unlocked and falls onto the automatic loading and unloading machine.

[0024] N. Water suction pump. The all-purpose fire-fighting helicopter is equipped with 1 - N large-caliber and high-power water suction pumps, which are installed and fixed on the helicopter. The water suction pipe can be lowered to suck water in the ocean, rivers, lakes, ponds, and swimming pools, hovering or landing on the shore to suck water, in case the fire scene is too far, the fire is too large, the water in the special water filling pool is not enough, or there are too many fire-fighting helicopters and they cannot land on the special water filling pool at the same time. In addition, there are no special water filling pools in some cities, and fire-fighting helicopters may also be dispatched to fight fires when a fire breaks out. It is required to suck up water within 5 - 10 minutes. There is a valve at the water suction port of the water suction pump. When the valve is closed, there is water in the pipe. When starting to suck water, the valve opens, and the water rushes up to the helicopter water tank.

[0025] O. Laser and radar rangefinders. Four in a group, one group is a laser rangefinder, and one group is a radar rangefinder, which are respectively installed in six directions of the front, back, left, right, up, and down of the helicopter. When the buildings, trees, wires, and utility poles in the front, back, left, right, up, and down are close to the helicopter, an alarm will be triggered, and the alarm distance is about 20 - 100 meters. It can be adjusted as needed. Generally, the distance in the front is relatively close because it is necessary to approach the target to shoot water or dry powder bombs.

[0026] ② Main types of all-purpose fire-fighting helicopters

[0027] A. Chinook helicopter. This is an American helicopter, used for both military and civilian purposes. There are two propellers at the front and back, rotating in opposite directions, and no tail rotor is needed to maintain balance. In this way, the helicopter will not deflect when the water gun shoots water. This kind of helicopter can be developed in China. The main features are stable hovering and large load capacity. It can carry 12 tons of water, with a maximum speed of 315 km / h and a maximum range of 2252 km.

[0028] B. Coaxial contra-rotating helicopter. Two propellers rotate in opposite directions, and no tail rotor is needed. The main features are stable hovering and large load capacity.

[0029] C. Intermeshing coaxial helicopter. The two axes have an angle and rotate in opposite directions, and no tail rotor is needed either. The main features are stable hovering and large load capacity.

[0030] D. Single-rotor helicopter with a tail rotor. That is, the common helicopter, with a tail rotor to maintain balance. When the fire-fighting water gun shoots water, there is a recoil force. Whether it can maintain stability and balance needs to be confirmed through experiments.

[0031] E. Unmanned helicopters. As all-purpose firefighting helicopters, unmanned helicopters can be smaller in size and more numerous, with a water carrying capacity of 1-N tons. When fighting a fire, multiple unmanned all-purpose firefighting helicopters can operate simultaneously or in turns.

[0032] 2. Watering pool

[0033] A special water tank will be built at the base of the all-purpose firefighting helicopter squadron, brigade or detachment, with a water volume roughly equivalent to that of 2-3 standard swimming pools, storing about 5,000-7,000 tons of water.

[0034] 3. Lifting platform

[0035] There are 1-N lifting platforms in the water filling pool, which are round, oval, square or rectangular. When filling water, the fire-fighting helicopter will land on the lifting platform. The lifting platform will be lowered to a suitable position to allow water to flood the water filling port of the fire-fighting helicopter, and it will be filled with water in 2-3 minutes. Then the lifting platform will rise, and the fire-fighting helicopter can fly away. Another type of lifting platform is N square or rectangular lifting platforms in the water filling pool, the length of which matches the width of the water filling pool. After the helicopter stops steadily, the entire lifting platform will be lowered to the helicopter water filling position. One lifting platform can park multiple helicopters at the same time and perform water filling operations at the same time.

[0036] 4. Dedicated parking space

[0037] On the surface, it looks like a flat parking space, but in fact, there is a square or rectangular sunken opening under the belly of the aircraft, and below it is an automatic loader and unloader, which can lift the dry powder bomb container up and mount it on the helicopter, and can also unload the empty container. In addition, the spray rod rack is also installed and unloaded here, and people can install and disassemble it while standing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 Design drawing of a Chinook all-purpose firefighting helicopter that can land on wheels or on legs.

[0040] Figure 2 The water tank and lifting platform can be filled with water in two or three minutes.

[0041] Figure 3 Figure 3 Watering tank and 3 or N lifting platforms.

[0042] Figure 4 Suspend and absorb water, and it will be full of water in 5-10 minutes. The water suction head is equipped with a valve, which is closed when it is lowered, and there is water in the pipe. The valve opens automatically when the water pump is pumping water.

[0043] Figure 5 Suspended water guns, 1, 2 or N.

[0044] Figure 6The spray bar rack installed on the belly of the all-purpose fire-fighting helicopter. The blue frame is the mounting rack, which is fixed to the belly of the all-purpose fire-fighting helicopter with bolts and nuts when needed.

[0045] Figure 7 The spray bar and nozzle. There is no nozzle at the upper part, and the range at both ends is 10 meters. Dozens of nozzles are installed on one spray bar to ensure that there is enough water sprinkled over the fire area.

[0046] Figure 8 The all-purpose fire-fighting helicopter and the spray bar rack (the yellow parts are lidar and microwave radar, and there are also upper and lower radars).

[0047] Figure 9 The dry powder bomb container (top view). There are cover plates on the upper and lower parts, and bombs are dropped by opening the lower cover.

[0048] Figure 10 The dry powder bomb, cylindrical, with an iron sheet shell, explodes at a suitable distance above the fire area (explodes when encountering high temperature and explodes when touching the ground after malfunction).

[0049] Figure 11 The automatic lifting bomb loader and the dry powder bomb container. It travels automatically, aligns automatically, rises slowly, and locks into position with a click.

[0050] Figure 12 The all-purpose fire-fighting helicopter for extinguishing high-rise fires (pre-plan).

[0051] Among them, the markings are as follows:

[0052] Figure 1 : 101 engine, 102 water filling port (can be opened and closed), 103 ventilation port, 104 waterproof doors and windows, 105 water tank (within the yellow frame), 106 dry powder gun, 107 water gun, 108 window-breaking gun, 109 additional landing gear.

[0053] Figure 2 : 201 lifting platform, 202 landing gear.

[0054] Figure 3 : 301 suction pipe.

[0055] Figure 4 : 401 lifting platform one, 402 lifting platform two, 403 lifting platform three.

[0056] Figure 5 : 501 hanging water gun.

[0057] Figure 6 : 601 mounting rack, 602 spray bar rack, 603 water injection port.

[0058] Figure 7 : 701 spray bar, 702 nozzle.

[0059] Figure 8: 801 Lidar and microwave radar, 802 boom rack.

[0060] Figure 9 : 901 dry powder bomb container, 902 dry powder bomb tube.

[0061] Figure 10 : 1001 dry powder bomb.

[0062] Figure 11 : 1101 dry powder bomb container, 1102 automatic lifting bomb hanger. Specific implementation mode

[0063] Two all-round fire-fighting helicopters are paired as a team. One is for fire-fighting operation and the other is for water-filling operation. They take turns to fight the fire, relay the fire-fighting, and keep the fire-fighting continuous. That is to say, one is a standing aircraft, full of water and on standby. When receiving a fire alarm, it takes off immediately to fight the fire; the other is a backup aircraft. When receiving a fire alarm, it immediately fills with water and waits for departure. After the water of the standing aircraft is almost used up, it flies over to relay the fire-fighting. The two helicopters take turns to operate and relay the operation until the fire is extinguished. It can also be a group of three, two standing aircraft and one backup aircraft. When fighting the fire, two or three helicopters take turns to operate.

[0064] A county is equipped with 3 all-round fire-fighting helicopters to form a helicopter fire-fighting squadron, responsible for fire-fighting in the whole county, including the county seat, towns and villages. It will fly wherever there is a fire. A prefecture-level city is equipped with 6 all-round fire-fighting helicopters to form a helicopter fire-fighting brigade. In addition to fire-fighting in the urban area, it is also responsible for supporting fire-fighting in lower-level cities and counties. A province, autonomous region and municipality directly under the Central Government are equipped with 12 all-round fire-fighting helicopters to form a helicopter fire-fighting detachment, responsible for fire-fighting in the provincial capital and urban areas, and supporting lower-level fire-fighting. In this way, there are 6,039 all-round fire-fighting helicopters in the whole country. They are usually configured in the center of the mission area, such as the middle of the city, the middle of the urban area, the county seat or the middle of the forest. With all-round fire-fighting helicopters, the fire-fighting coverage area is expanded by dozens of times to more than a hundred times, and it can reach towns, villages and forests, places that fire trucks cannot reach.

[0065] A building is on fire. 2-4 all-round fire-fighting helicopters shoot water simultaneously from two or four directions. The backup aircraft fills with water at the station and then flies back to relay the fire-fighting. Ground fire trucks can cooperate in the operation. With the support of all-round fire-fighting helicopters, the time to reach the fire scene is shortened to one-fifth to one-tenth of the original, and the fire-fighting time is shortened to one-third to one-half.

[0066] If there are forest fires and urban fires like those in Los Angeles, thousands of all-round fire-fighting helicopters fly over and spray water wave after wave, forming continuous moderate rain or heavy rain, so that the fire can be extinguished in a relatively short time.

Claims

1. Firefighting helicopters (Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3, Figure 5, Figure 8, Figure 12). Including manned and unmanned firefighting helicopters.

2. Firefighting weapons and equipment. Including firefighting water guns (107), dry powder guns (106), window-breaking guns (108), suspended water guns (501), spray rod racks (602, 701, 802), dry powder bombs and dry powder bomb containers (901, 902, 1001, 1101, 1102), etc.

3. Fire-fighting helicopter water inlet (Figure 1, 102).

4. Landing gear (Figure 1, 109; Figure 2, 202).

5. Water pumps. Including fire hose high-pressure water pumps, spray rod rack high-pressure water pumps and suction pumps (301).

6. Watering tank (Figure 2, Figure 3, Figure 4).

7. Lifting platform (Fig. 2, 201; Fig. 4, 401, 402, 403).

8. Special parking position. That is, the parking position with a sunken opening under the belly of the aircraft, which is convenient for loading and unloading dry powder bomb containers and spray boom racks.

9. Automatic loading and unloading machine for dry powder bomb containers (Fig. 9, 901, 902; Fig. 10, 1001; Fig. 11, 1101, 1102).

10. Laser and radar rangefinders (Figure 8, 801).

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