Application of BrFLD gene in regulating plant bolting and flowering
Through genetic engineering technology, the expression of the BrFLD gene of cabbage heart is regulated, and the problems of long breeding cycle and low efficiency in traditional breeding methods are solved, and the precise regulation of the flowering time of cabbage heart is achieved, which improves breeding efficiency and crop adaptability.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510527277.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-22
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-02
- Estimated Expiration
- 2045-04-22
AI Technical Summary
Traditional breeding methods are difficult to efficiently regulate the flowering time of the vegetable heart, resulting in a long breeding cycle and low efficiency, and the vegetable heart is prone to bolting and flowering to affect yield and quality.
Through genetic engineering technology, the BrFLD gene of cabbage is used for overexpression or silencing, and the plant flowering time is regulated, including overexpression of the BrFLD gene in Arabidopsis or the BrFLD gene is silencing using virus-mediated gene silencing technology in cabbage is used to achieve precise regulation of flowering time.
Shorten the breeding cycle, improve crop adaptability, meet different cultivation environment needs, accurately regulate flowering time through genetic engineering, and improve vegetable heart varieties.
Smart Images
Figure CN120041496B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of genetic engineering, and specifically relates to an application of a flowering cabbage BrFLD gene in regulating plant bolting and flowering, and especially relates to the use of the gene in regulating flowering time in plant molecular breeding. Background Art
[0002] Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa var. parachinensis), also known as cauliflower, is a special variety of the Brassica rapa subspecies of the Brassica species of the genus Brassica in the family Cruciferae. Its main edible parts are the tender cauliflower stems and cauliflower leaves.
[0003] Bolting and flowering are critical stages in plant growth and development, directly impacting crop yield and quality. Compared to its cousin, Brassica chinensis, Chinese cabbage exhibits a greater propensity for bolting and flowering during its growth and development. This suggests that the transition from vegetative to reproductive growth in Chinese cabbage plays a crucial role in determining the quality and yield of its final product. Therefore, studying the molecular mechanisms regulating bolting and flowering in Chinese cabbage has important theoretical and practical implications.
[0004] Traditional breeding methods primarily manipulate flowering time by adjusting environmental factors or screening for natural variation, but these approaches suffer from long cycles and low efficiency. Recent advances in genetic engineering have provided new avenues for precisely controlling flowering time in plants. While several flowering-related genes (such as FLC and FT) have been reported, the key genes and molecular mechanisms regulating bolting and flowering in Chinese cabbage (Broccoli cabbage) require further investigation. Summary of the Invention
[0005] To overcome the shortcomings and deficiencies of existing technologies, the present invention aims to provide a method for regulating the bolting and flowering of flowering plants using the BrFLD gene from flowering Chinese cabbage. This discovery, the first of its kind, reveals the key role of the BrFLD gene in regulating bolting and flowering. By using genetic engineering techniques to regulate flowering time, the invention provides a molecular tool for shortening breeding cycles and improving crop maturity, providing a new genetic resource for molecular breeding.
[0006] Based on the Arabidopsis flowering regulatory gene AtFLD, the present study compared homologous genes in the Chinese cabbage genome and identified the BrFLD gene, whose gene ID is Bra_cxA03g032670. The cDNA of this gene contains a 2766-bp coding frame encoding 922 amino acids. Quantitative PCR analysis showed that the BrFLD gene accumulates significantly in the Chinese cabbage stem apex, indicating that this gene plays a role in flower bud differentiation and regulates bolting and flowering in Chinese cabbage.
[0007] To further investigate the function of the BrFLD gene, the inventors overexpressed it in Arabidopsis thaliana and analyzed the bolting time and rosette leaf number of the transgenic lines. They found that the flowering time of Arabidopsis thaliana plants overexpressing BrFLD was significantly advanced, while the number of rosette leaves was significantly reduced. Using virus-mediated gene silencing (VIGS) to silence the BrFLD gene in Chinese cabbage, the flowering time of the plants was significantly delayed, indicating that the BrFLD gene can regulate the bolting and flowering time of Chinese cabbage, and that controlling BrFLD gene expression can improve the bolting and flowering time of Chinese cabbage.
[0008] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
[0009] The present invention provides application of Chinese flowering cabbage BrFLD gene or related biological materials in regulating plant bolting and flowering time.
[0010] Specifically, increasing BrFLD advances the bolting time and / or flowering time of the plant and reduces the number of rosette leaves; decreasing BrFLD delays the bolting time and / or flowering time of the plant.
[0011] Preferably, the increase of BrFLD is achieved by overexpressing the BrFLD gene; and the reduction of BrFLD is achieved by silencing the BrFLD gene.
[0012] Further preferably, the method of silencing the BrFLD gene is to utilize virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) technology, by designing a specific silencing fragment in the CDS region of the BrFLD gene to target the specific region of the target gene, thereby achieving silencing of the BrFLD gene and obtaining a BrFLD gene-silenced plant.
[0013] Preferably, the specific silent fragment is the silent fragment shown in 1-500bp in SEQ ID NO.1.
[0014] The present invention also provides the use of the Chinese cabbage BrFLD gene or related biological materials in improving Chinese cabbage varieties.
[0015] The present invention also provides an application of the Chinese cabbage BrFLD gene in regulating the bolting and flowering of Chinese cabbage by inhibiting the expression levels of BrSOC1a, BrSOC1b and BrAP1.
[0016] The BrFLD gene of Chinese flowering cabbage of the present invention has a nucleotide sequence as shown in SEQ ID NO.1.
[0017] The amino acid sequence of the protein encoded by the BrFLD gene of Chinese flowering cabbage of the present invention is shown in SEQ ID NO.2.
[0018] The plants are Chinese flowering cabbage and Arabidopsis thaliana.
[0019] Furthermore, the BrFLD gene-related biological material of Chinese flowering cabbage is any one or more combinations of the following biological materials:
[0020] (1) an expression cassette containing the above-mentioned Chinese cabbage BrFLD gene;
[0021] (2) a recombinant expression vector containing the above-mentioned Chinese cabbage BrFLD gene;
[0022] (3) a recombinant expression vector containing the expression cassette described in (1);
[0023] (4) Recombinant bacteria containing the above-mentioned Chinese cabbage BrFLD gene;
[0024] (5) A recombinant bacterium containing the expression cassette described in (1);
[0025] (6) A recombinant bacterium containing the recombinant expression vector described in (2) or (3).
[0026] Preferably, the starting vector of the recombinant expression vectors described in (2) and (3) is any binary vector that can be used for Agrobacterium transformation of plants or vectors that can be used for plant microprojectile bombardment, such as pCAMBIA series vectors, pBI series vectors, pBin series vectors, or other derived plant expression vectors. The present invention uses the pCAMBIA1300-35S plasmid.
[0027] The host bacteria of the recombinant bacteria in (4), (5) and (6) is Agrobacterium; preferably Agrobacterium GV3101.
[0028] Furthermore, the BrFLD gene-related biological material of Chinese flowering cabbage is any one or more combinations of the following biological materials:
[0029] (a) A vector for silencing the BrFLD gene in Chinese cabbage;
[0030] (b) Recombinant bacteria containing the vector described in (a).
[0031] Preferably, the starting vector of the vector in (a) is a vector used in VIGS technology. The present invention uses the pTRV2 vector.
[0032] The host bacteria of the recombinant bacteria in (b) is Agrobacterium; preferably Agrobacterium GV3101.
[0033] The present invention also provides a method for advancing plant bolting and flowering, comprising the following steps: integrating the above-mentioned Chinese flowering cabbage BrFLD gene into the plant genome, expressing the BrFLD gene in the plant, and thereby advancing the plant bolting time and / or flowering time.
[0034] Preferably, the plant is Arabidopsis thaliana, Chinese cabbage, etc.
[0035] The present invention also provides a method for delaying the bolting and flowering of Chinese cabbage, comprising the following steps: silencing the BrFLD gene in Chinese cabbage by using virus-mediated gene silencing technology to delay the bolting time and / or flowering time of Chinese cabbage.
[0036] The present invention has the following advantages and effects compared to the prior art:
[0037] The present study found that the BrFLD gene is significantly overexpressed in the apical tissue of Chinese flowering cabbage. Overexpression of the BrFLD gene in Arabidopsis thaliana significantly advanced bolting and flowering. Silencing the gene in Chinese flowering cabbage delayed flowering and reduced plant height, demonstrating that the gene can regulate flowering time in plants. This suggests that the BrFLD gene could serve as a potential molecular breeding tool, providing a key gene resource for maturity breeding of Chinese flowering cabbage and other cruciferous crops. Precisely regulating flowering time through genetic engineering could shorten traditional breeding cycles. Application of the BrFLD gene could improve crop adaptability and meet the needs of diverse cultivation environments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0038] Figure 1 is the expression level of BrFLD gene in different tissues of Chinese flowering cabbage.
[0039] Figure 2 is the expression level of the BrFLD gene in Arabidopsis thaliana overexpressing the BrFLD gene.
[0040] Figure 3 Statistics of flowering phenotype, flowering period and rosette leaf number of Arabidopsis thaliana overexpressing BrFLD gene.
[0041] Figure 4 The flowering phenotype of BrFLD gene silenced Chinese cabbage plants and the silencing status of the BrFLD gene.
[0042] Figure 5 The expression changes of flowering-related genes BrSOC1a, BrSOC1b and BrAP1 in BrFLD gene-silenced plants. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0043] The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the examples and accompanying drawings, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto. Unless otherwise specified, the technical means used in the following examples are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art, and the materials, reagents, etc. used in the following examples, unless otherwise specified, can be obtained from commercial sources.
[0044] Example 1 Cloning and expression analysis of BrFLD gene
[0045] 1. Obtaining the reference CDS sequence of the BrFLD gene
[0046] The amino acid sequence of the AtFLD gene was downloaded from the Arabidopsis thaliana Information Resource Center (https: / / www.arabidopsis.org / ), and the Chinese cabbage genome data was downloaded from the National Gene Bank Big Data Platform (https: / / db.cngb.org / ), with the biological project number CNP0006162. The CDS sequence of the BrFLD gene was obtained from the Chinese cabbage genome data using TBtools software.
[0047] 2. Primer design
[0048] Primer 6.0 software was used to analyze and design primers for amplifying the BrFLD gene. The designed primers and their nucleotide sequences are shown below:
[0049] BrFLD-F: 5'-ATGAATCCACCGGATAACAAC-3', SEQ ID NO.3;
[0050] BrFLD-R: 5'-AAGTTGCCTGGCTTGG-3', SEQ ID NO. 4.
[0051] 3. RNA extraction and first-strand cDNA synthesis
[0052] A plant RNA extraction kit was used to extract total RNA from the stem tip tissue of the test material Chinese cabbage (Sijiu-19). The entire operation process was carried out according to the instructions of the RNA extraction kit. The extracted total RNA was then used as a template to obtain cDNA using a reverse transcription kit.
[0053] 4. Gene cloning
[0054] The obtained cDNA was used as a template for PCR amplification using primers BrFLD-F and BrFLD-R, yielding a 2766 bp target fragment. The PCR reaction system consisted of 1 μL of cDNA template, 25 μL of 2× PrimerSTAR Max Mix, 1 μL of each forward and reverse primer, and ddH2O to a final volume of 50 μL. The PCR reaction procedure included 30 cycles of initial denaturation at 94°C for 3 minutes, denaturation at 98°C for 10 seconds, annealing at 60°C for 10 seconds, and extension at 72°C for 30 seconds, followed by a total extension at 72°C for 5 minutes, followed by a 16°C incubation period. The PCR products were then subjected to agarose gel electrophoresis.
[0055] 5. Gel Recovery and Sequencing
[0056] The PCR amplification product was gel-recovered and sequenced, and the sequence was shown as SEQ ID NO. 1. After alignment, the coding region sequences of the BrFLD gene were consistent, and the amino acid sequence of the encoded protein was shown as SEQ ID NO. 2.
[0057] Example 2 Analysis of tissue expression patterns of BrFLD genes
[0058] 1. Material collection
[0059] For choy sum (Sijiu-19) plants at the bolting stage, roots, stems, stem tips, and rosette leaves were collected. Flowers were harvested from 30-day-old choy sum plants, and siliques were collected from plants approximately 45 days old. These materials were quickly frozen in liquid nitrogen and used directly for RNA extraction or stored in a -80°C ultra-low temperature freezer.
[0060] 2. RNA extraction and first-strand cDNA synthesis
[0061] The total RNA of the test materials was extracted using a plant RNA extraction kit. The entire operation process was carried out according to the extraction process of the RNA extraction kit instructions. The extracted total RNA was then used as a template to obtain cDNA using a reverse transcription kit.
[0062] 3. Primer design
[0063] Fluorescence quantitative primers were designed based on the cloned BrFLD gene of Chinese cabbage. The primer sequences are as follows:
[0064] qBrFLD-F: 5'-GTAACCGCTGGACATCAA-3', SEQ ID NO.5;
[0065] qBrFLD-R: 5'-TCACCTCTATTGGCTGGAT-3', SEQ ID NO. 6.
[0066] The TUB2 gene crop internal reference was used, and its primer sequence was:
[0067] BrTUB2-F: 5'-GCTATGTTCAGGAGGAAGG-3', SEQ ID NO.7;
[0068] BrTUB2-R: 5'-CAGTTGCGTCTTGGTATTG-3', SEQ ID NO. 8.
[0069] 4. Fluorescence quantitative PCR detection
[0070] The gene expression level was detected by ABI7500 real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR instrument, and the experimental data were analyzed using 2 -ΔΔCt The results are shown in the following table. Figure 1 As shown in the data, compared with other tissues, the expression level of BrFLD gene in the shoot apex of Chinese cabbage was the highest, suggesting that BrFLD gene may be involved in the regulation of flower bud differentiation of Chinese cabbage and affect the bolting and flowering of Chinese cabbage.
[0071] Example 3 Obtaining BrFLD-overexpressing Arabidopsis and Phenotypic Analysis
[0072] 1. Construction of plant overexpression vector
[0073] Primers were designed to PCR amplify the CDS of the BrFLD gene and inserted into the pCAMBIA1300-35S vector by homologous recombination to construct the pCAMBIA-35S-BrFLD plant overexpression vector. The PCR amplification primers were:
[0074] BrFLD-OE-F: 5'-GTTGTACAGAGCTCGATGAATCCACCGGATAACAAC-3', SEQ ID NO.9;
[0075] BrFLD-OE-R: 5'-ATGCCTGCAGGTCGAAGTTGCCTGGCTTGG-3', SEQ ID NO. 10.
[0076] 2. Agrobacterium transformation
[0077] The constructed pCAMBIA-35S-BrFLD overexpression vector was transferred into GV3101 Agrobacterium by freeze-thaw method. A single Agrobacterium colony containing the target vector was selected and transferred to 5 mL of LB liquid medium containing antibiotics (50 mg / L kanamycin and 20 mg / L rifampicin) and cultured overnight at 28°C, 200 rpm. 0.5 mL of the overnight cultured Agrobacterium was transferred to 50 mL of LB liquid medium containing antibiotics (50 mg / L kanamycin and 20 mg / L rifampicin) and cultured to an OD600 of approximately 0.8. The cells were collected by centrifugation at 5000 rpm for 10 min at room temperature and resuspended in an equal volume of infiltration solution (5% sucrose, 0.03% SilwitL-77).
[0078] 3. Arabidopsis transformation using the inflorescence dip method
[0079] Remove all siliques from Arabidopsis thaliana plants (Columbia 0 / Col-0) and immerse the inflorescence in the above-mentioned resuspension for 5 minutes. Wrap with plastic wrap to retain moisture and place in the dark in a greenhouse for 48 hours before incubating under normal light conditions. Once the seeds mature, harvest and store in a desiccator until ready for use. After surface disinfection and rinsing, spread evenly on 1 / 2 MS solid medium containing hygromycin and incubate in a plant incubator. Select seedlings with good growth for transplanting. After two weeks, extract DNA from Arabidopsis plants for PCR testing. Plants identified as transgene-positive are designated as the T1 generation. Seeds from the T1 plants are harvested and tested for resistance. Plants homozygous for the transgene are selected based on the segregation ratio of the progeny. Harvested seeds from homozygous transgenic plants can be used in downstream experiments.
[0080] 4. Phenotypic observation and analysis of BrFLD overexpressing plants
[0081] The seeds of the overexpressing T3 generation (i.e., homozygous transgenic plants) and wild-type (WT, Col-0) plants were sterilized and sown on 1 / 2 MS solid medium under normal light conditions. Ten days later, the Arabidopsis seedlings were transplanted into nutrient soil. The expression level of the BrFLD gene in the BrFLD transgenic plants was detected by RT-PCR. The primers for BrFLD gene detection are shown in SEQ ID NOs. 5-6. AtACTIN1 was used as an internal reference gene, and its primer sequences are as follows:
[0082] qAtACTIN1-F: 5'-TGCTACATTGCTCTGACTA-3', SEQ ID NO. 11;
[0083] qAtACTIN1-R: 5'-CAACGGAATCGCTCTGAT-3', SEQ ID NO. 12.
[0084] The results showed that three overexpression plants ( 35S::BrFLD / Col-0 The expression level of BrFLD gene in #1, #2, and #3) was significantly higher than that in wild type ( Figure 2 ), observing the bolting time of Arabidopsis thaliana, it was found that the flowering time of BrFLD-overexpressing Arabidopsis thaliana was significantly earlier than that of the wild type ( Figure 3 ), the number of rosette leaves was significantly lower than that of the wild type ( Figure 3 ), indicating that BrFLD plays a positive role in regulating plant flowering time.
[0085] Example 4 Acquisition and phenotypic analysis of BrFLD-silenced flowering cabbage plants
[0086] 1. Construction of VIGS silencing vector
[0087] Primers were designed to PCR amplify the specific silencing fragment of the CDS region of the BrFLD gene (bp 1-500 in SEQ ID NO.1) and inserted into the pTRV2 vector by homologous recombination to construct the pTRV2-BrFLD plant silencing vector. The primer sequences are as follows:
[0088] BrFLD-VIGS-F: 5'-TAAGGTTACCGAATTATGAATCCACCGGATAACAAC-3', SEQ ID NO.13;
[0089] BrFLD-VIGS-R: 5'-AGACGCGTGAGCTCGTCTAGAAAAGATTCCTTCGCGATC-3', SEQ ID NO. 14.
[0090] 2. Obtaining BrFLD-silenced Chinese cabbage plants
[0091] The pTRV2-BrFLD, pTRV1, and pTRV2 vectors were transformed into GV3101 Agrobacterium by freeze-thaw method, and positive colonies were picked for expansion culture. The bacteria were collected by centrifugation and the OD of the bacterial solution was adjusted using MES resuspension solution (10 mM MgCl2, 10 mM MES, and 20 μM acetosyringone). 600 To 0.5-0.8. Mix the pTRV1 and pTRV2 empty vector suspensions and the pTRV1 and pTRV2-BrFLD recombinant vector suspensions at a 1:1 volume ratio and let them stand at room temperature for 4 hours. Inject each suspension into the cotyledons of Chinese cabbage seedlings and incubate in a dark room at 20°C for 48 hours. Then, incubate under normal light conditions.
[0092] 3. Flowering phenotype analysis of BrFLD-silenced Chinese cabbage plants
[0093] Two weeks after VIGS bacterial injection, newly grown true leaves were selected, RNA was extracted, cDNA was synthesized, and RT-PCR was used to detect the silencing efficiency of the BrFLD gene. The BrTUB2 gene was used as an internal reference gene, and plants with high silencing efficiency were selected for phenotypic observation. Figure 4 As shown, three gene silenced strains were found ( TRV2-BrFLD After silencing the BrFLD gene in #1, #2, and #3), the flowering time of Chinese cabbage was delayed to about 38 days, while the flowering time of the control group was 35 days. In addition, the height of the three silenced plants was significantly lower than that of the control plants ( TRV2 and TRV2-BrFLD The plant heights of #1, #2, and #3 were 17.8, 8.9, 8.3, and 12.3 cm, respectively), indicating that silencing of the BrFLD gene led to delayed flowering in Chinese cabbage plants and may play a positive regulatory role in the bolting and flowering process of Chinese cabbage.
[0094] 4. Detection of flowering-related gene expression levels in BrFLD-silenced Chinese cabbage plants
[0095] To further analyze the mechanism of BrFLD gene regulation of flowering and bolting in Chinese cabbage, silenced plants ( TRV2- BrFLD The expression levels of three flowering promoting factor genes BrSOC1a, BrSOC1b and BrAP1 in #1, #2, and #3) were determined using the following primer sequences:
[0096] qBrSOC1a-F: 5'-GCAACAAGCAGACAAGTGACT-3', SEQ ID NO. 15;
[0097] qBrSOC1a-R: 5'-GCATATTGGAGCTGGCGAATT-3', SEQ ID NO. 16;
[0098] qBrSOC1b-F: 5'-ATGAAGCGAATAGAGAATGC-3', SEQ ID NO.17;
[0099] qBrSOC1b-R: 5'-TGGTATGCCTCAGATAACG-3', SEQ ID NO. 18;
[0100] qBrAP1-F: 5'-GGCACAACAAGAGCAATG-3', SEQ ID NO.19;
[0101] qBrAP1-R: 5'-AAGGAGATGGCTGATGAGA-3', SEQ ID NO. 20.
[0102] The TUB2 gene crop internal reference was used, and its primer sequences are shown in SEQ ID NOs. 7-8.
[0103] The results are as follows Figure 5 As shown in the data, compared with the control plants, the expression levels of BrSOC1a, BrSOC1b and BrAP1 genes in BrFLD-silenced plants were significantly reduced, suggesting that the BrFLD gene may affect the bolting and flowering of Chinese cabbage by affecting the expression of these three genes.
[0104] The above embodiments are preferred implementation modes of the present invention, but the implementation modes of the present invention are not limited to the above embodiments. Any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications that do not deviate from the spirit and principles of the present invention should be considered as equivalent replacement methods and are included in the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. Application of the BrFLD gene of flowering Chinese cabbage or its related biological materials in delaying the bolting and flowering time of plants, characterized by: The amino acid sequence of the protein encoded by the BrFLD gene of Chinese flowering cabbage is shown in SEQ ID NO.2; Reducing BrFLD, delaying plant bolting time and / or flowering time; the plant is Chinese cabbage; The reduction of BrFLD is achieved by silencing the BrFLD gene; The BrFLD gene-related biological material of Chinese cabbage is any one or more combinations of the following biological materials: (a) A vector for silencing the BrFLD gene in Chinese cabbage; (b) Recombinant bacteria containing the vector described in (a).
2. The use according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method of silencing the BrFLD gene is to achieve silencing of the BrFLD gene by using virus-induced gene silencing technology.
3. The use according to claim 1, characterized in that: The host bacteria of the recombinant bacteria in (b) is Agrobacterium.
4. Use of the BrFLD gene of Chinese flowering cabbage or its related biological materials for advancing the bolting and flowering time of plants, characterized by: The amino acid sequence of the protein encoded by the BrFLD gene of Chinese flowering cabbage is shown in SEQ ID NO.2; Increasing BrFLD to advance the bolting time and / or flowering time of plants; the plants are Arabidopsis thaliana and Chinese cabbage; The increase in BrFLD is achieved by overexpressing the BrFLD gene; The BrFLD gene-related biological material of Chinese cabbage is any one or more combinations of the following biological materials: (1) an expression cassette containing the above-mentioned Chinese cabbage BrFLD gene; (2) a recombinant expression vector containing the above-mentioned Chinese cabbage BrFLD gene; (3) Recombinant bacteria containing the above-mentioned Chinese cabbage BrFLD gene.
5. The use according to claim 4, characterized in that: The host bacteria of the recombinant bacteria described in (3) is Agrobacterium.
6. The use according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The nucleotide sequence of the BrFLD gene of Chinese flowering cabbage is shown in SEQ ID NO.
1.
7. The use according to claim 3 or 5, characterized in that: The Agrobacterium is Agrobacterium GV3101.
8. The use according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: Application of BrFLD gene of Chinese flowering cabbage or its related biological materials in improving Chinese flowering cabbage varieties.
9. A method for advancing plant bolting and flowering, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: integrating the BrFLD gene of Chinese flowering cabbage according to any one of claims 4 to 7 into a plant genome, and expressing the BrFLD gene in the plant to advance the bolting time and / or flowering time of the plant; The plants are Arabidopsis thaliana and Chinese flowering cabbage.
10. A method for delaying the bolting and flowering of Chinese cabbage, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: silencing the BrFLD gene of Chinese cabbage according to any one of claims 1 to 3 or any one of claims 6 to 7 in Chinese cabbage by using virus-mediated gene silencing technology, thereby delaying the bolting time and / or flowering time of Chinese cabbage.