Low-voltage-driven electro-shape-memory color-changing wrap yarn and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a low-voltage-driven electro-shape-memory color-changing wrap yarn and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of wrap yarn. The low-voltage-driven electro-shape-memory color-changing wrap yarn comprises a first core layer, a second core layer and a third core layer; the lower-layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn II is wound on the outer surface of the shape memory alloy filament II to form a core layer II, and the lower-layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn III is wound on the outer surface of the shape memory alloy filament III to form a core layer III; and the core layer I, the core layer II and the core layer III are coated by the upper-layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn to form the low-voltage driving electro-shape memory color-changing wrap yarn. The winding directions of the lower layer and the upper layer are opposite. On the basis of a hollow ingot wrapping spinning means, effective integration of dual functions of electrochromism and shape memory can be realized only by regulating and controlling the feeding path of each component yarn and key spinning process parameters, so that the low-voltage driven electrochromic shape memory color-changing wrap yarn is produced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of coated yarns, and in particular to a low-voltage driven electrochromic shape memory coated yarn and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] The development of smart textiles has put forward higher demands on multifunctional fiber materials, and giving fiber materials multiple response characteristics has become a research hotspot. Among them, electrothermochromic and shape memory materials have attracted much attention due to their unique functional characteristics. However, it is difficult for existing technologies to achieve effective integration of the two functions. In terms of shape memory materials, they are currently mainly divided into shape memory alloys (SMA) and shape memory polymers (SMP). SMA fibers have excellent shape memory functions, but they have high rigidity and poor skin tactile comfort, which makes it difficult to meet the requirements of future textiles for softness and wearing comfort. SMP fibers have common technical problems such as high response temperature and slow shape memory recovery speed. In terms of electrochromic materials, the introduction of multi-color electrochromic fiber materials can give spinning yarns the effect of changing color from static to dynamic, enriching the types of textile yarns.

[0003] In terms of material composites, existing technologies mostly use coating or blending methods to combine functional materials with textile fibers, which can easily lead to problems such as uneven distribution of functional materials, weak interfacial bonding, and poor durability. Some researchers have tried to use electrospinning, wet spinning, etc. to prepare functional composite fibers, but there are a series of problems such as complex preparation processes, high processing costs, and difficulty in large-scale production. In comparison, hollow spindle wrapping spinning technology has its unique advantages in the redesign of yarn structure, which can ensure good interface bonding between functional materials and matrix fibers while maintaining the softness and processability of the yarn. In addition, the technical process is mature and easy to scale up, providing reliable technical support for the development of multifunctional composite yarns.

[0004] Currently, existing electrochromic and shape memory textiles are mostly limited to a single function and cannot achieve effective integration of multiple functions. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a low-voltage driven electrochromic shape memory coated yarn and a preparation method and application thereof. Based on the hollow spindle wrapping spinning method, the electrochromic and shape memory functions can be effectively integrated to produce a low-voltage driven electrochromic shape memory coated yarn.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides a low-voltage driven electrochromic shape memory coated yarn, comprising core layer one, core layer two and core layer three, wherein the lower layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn one is wound around the outer surface of shape memory alloy filament one to form core layer one, the lower layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn two is wound around the outer surface of shape memory alloy filament two to form core layer two, the lower layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn three is wound around the outer surface of shape memory alloy filament three to form core layer three, and the upper layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn wraps the core layer one, core layer two and core layer three to form the low-voltage driven electrochromic shape memory coated yarn.

[0007] A method for preparing a low-voltage driven electrochromic shape memory coated yarn comprises the following steps: S1: After the shape memory alloy filament 1, shape memory alloy filament 2 and shape memory alloy filament 3 are fed through tension disk 1, tension disk 2 and tension disk 3 respectively to adjust the feeding tension, they are synchronously fed into the lower hollow ingot center tube 1, lower hollow ingot center tube 2 and lower hollow ingot center tube 3 arranged in parallel on the hollow ingot wrapping spinning machine; S2: unwinding the lower layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn 1 wound on the lower layer hollow spindle 1 as the lower layer hollow spindle 1 rotates, and spirally winding it on the outer surface of the shape memory alloy filament 1 at a lower layer yarn guide hook to form a core layer 1; unwinding the lower layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn 2 wound on the lower layer hollow spindle 2 as the lower layer hollow spindle 2 rotates, and spirally winding it on the outer surface of the shape memory alloy filament 2 at a lower layer yarn guide hook 2 to form a core layer 2; unwinding the lower layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn 3 wound on the lower layer hollow spindle 3 as the lower layer hollow spindle 3 rotates, and spirally winding it on the outer surface of the shape memory alloy filament 3 at a lower layer yarn guide hook 3 to form a core layer 3; S3: three groups of core layers 1, 2 and 3 arranged in parallel are synchronously fed into the central tube of the upper hollow spindle in right-slanting, vertical and left-slanting paths respectively, and the upper temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn wound on the upper hollow spindle is unwound, so that the upper temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn is wrapped around the outer surfaces of the core layers 1, 2 and 3 at the position of the upper yarn guide hook to form a low-voltage driven electrochromic shape memory coated yarn; S4: The low-voltage driven electrochromic shape memory coated yarn is wound onto a yarn bobbin through a yarn drawing roller and a winding roller.

[0008] Preferably, the lower hollow spindle 2 and the upper hollow spindle are located on the same vertical line, and the upper hollow spindle, the yarn drawing roller, the winding roller, and the yarn bobbin are located on the same vertical line.

[0009] Preferably, the winding directions of the lower layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn one, the lower layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn two, and the lower layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn three are the same, and the winding direction of the upper layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn is opposite to the winding directions of the lower layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn one, the lower layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn two, and the lower layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn three.

[0010] Preferably, the cross-section of the low-voltage driven electrochromic shape memory coated yarn is circular.

[0011] Preferably, the shape memory alloy filament one, shape memory alloy filament two, and shape memory alloy filament three are all one-way shape memory alloy filaments, and are all made of nickel-titanium shape memory alloy.

[0012] Preferably, the lower layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn one, the lower layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn two, the lower layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn three, and the upper layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn are all coated temperature-sensitive color-changing yarns.

[0013] Preferably, the color change response thresholds of the lower layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn one, the lower layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn two, the lower layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn three, and the upper layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn are 30°C-65°C.

[0014] Preferably, the specifications of the lower layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn one, the lower layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn two, and the lower layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn three are the same.

[0015] The low-voltage driven electrochromic shape memory coated yarn is used in intelligent driven textiles and information encryption and anti-counterfeiting.

[0016] The advantages and positive effects of the low-voltage driven electrochromic shape memory coated yarn described in the present invention are: 1. The present invention does not require complicated modification of the existing hollow spindle wrapping spinning machine. It only needs to install a tension disk for adjusting the feeding tension of the shape memory alloy filament to ensure that the shape memory alloy filament is always located at the center of the parallel core layer. The present invention can realize the controllable preparation of low-voltage driven electro-induced shape memory color-changing coated yarn, and can trigger the low-voltage driven electro-induced shape memory color-changing coated yarn to produce a dual response behavior of synchronous shape and color change through a relatively low external voltage.

[0017] 2. The present invention achieves a thermally driven recovery response under a lower voltage by introducing multiple one-way shape memory alloy filaments. In addition, the present invention can take into account both the temperature-sensitive color-changing effect and the tactile comfort by coating the outside of the shape memory alloy filament with a temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn.

[0018] 3. The present invention adopts the hollow spindle wrapping spinning method, which has the advantages of unique spinning technology, low processing energy consumption, convenient and practical production, and can be industrialized and mass-produced.

[0019] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the spinning process principle of a low-voltage driven electrochromic shape memory coated yarn of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of a low-voltage driven electrochromic shape memory coated yarn of the present invention; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the evolution mechanism of the cross section of the covered yarn of the present invention from a theoretical structure to an actual structure.

[0021] Reference numerals 1. Shape memory alloy filament 1; 2. Shape memory alloy filament 2; 3. Shape memory alloy filament 3; 4. Tension disk 1; 5. Tension disk 2; 6. Tension disk 3; 7. Center tube 1 of lower hollow ingot; 8. Center tube 2 of lower hollow ingot; 9. Center tube 3 of lower hollow ingot; 10. Center tube of upper hollow ingot; 11. Temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn 1 of lower layer; 12. Temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn 2 of lower layer; 13. Temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn 2 of lower layer; 14. Temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn 3 of lower layer; 15. Temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn 4 of lower layer; 16. Temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn 5 of lower layer; 17. Temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn 6 of lower layer; 18. Temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn 7 of lower layer; 19. Temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn 8 of lower layer; 20. Temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn 9 of lower layer; 10. Temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn 10 of upper layer; 11. Temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn 10 of lower layer; 12. Temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn 10 of lower layer; 13. Temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn 10 of lower layer; 14. Temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn 10 of lower layer; 15. Temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn 10 of upper layer; 16. Temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn 10 of lower layer; 17. Temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn 10 of lower layer; 18. Temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn 10 of lower layer; 19. Temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn 10 of lower layer; 20. 1. Thermochromic yarn three; 14. Upper layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn; 15. Yarn drawing roller; 16. Winding roller; 17. Low-voltage driven electrochromic shape memory coated yarn; 18. Yarn tube; 19. Lower layer hollow spindle one; 20. Lower layer hollow spindle two; 21. Lower layer hollow spindle three; 22. Lower layer yarn guide hook one; 23. Lower layer yarn guide hook two; 24. Lower layer yarn guide hook three; 25. Upper layer yarn guide hook; 26. Upper layer hollow spindle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or the positions or positional relationships in which the invented product is usually placed when in use. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "setting", "installation", and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be a connection between the two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0023] In this application, unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by technicians in the technical field of this application. In the event of any inconsistency, the meaning described in this specification or the meaning derived from the contents recorded in this specification shall prevail. In addition, the terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing the embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. In order to accurately describe the technical content in this application and to accurately understand the present invention, the following explanations or definitions are given to the terms used in this specification before describing the specific embodiments: The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0024] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, a low-voltage driven electrochromic shape memory coated yarn includes a core layer 1, a core layer 2 and a core layer 3. The lower layer of temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn 11 is wound on the outer surface of the shape memory alloy filament 1 to form the core layer 1. The lower layer of temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn 2 12 is wound on the outer surface of the shape memory alloy filament 2 2 to form the core layer 2. The lower layer of temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn 3 13 is wound on the outer surface of the shape memory alloy filament 3 3 to form the core layer 3. The upper layer of temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn 14 wraps the core layer 1, the core layer 2 and the core layer 3 to form the low-voltage driven electrochromic shape memory coated yarn 17.

[0025] A method for preparing a low-voltage driven electrochromic shape memory coated yarn comprises the following steps: S1: After the shape memory alloy filament 1, shape memory alloy filament 2 and shape memory alloy filament 3 are fed through tension disk 1 4, tension disk 2 5 and tension disk 3 6 respectively to adjust the feeding tension, they are synchronously fed into lower hollow spindle center tube 1 7, lower hollow spindle center tube 2 8 and lower hollow spindle center tube 3 9 arranged in parallel on the hollow spindle wrapping spinning machine.

[0026] S2: The lower layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn 11 wound on the lower layer hollow spindle 19 is unwound as the lower layer hollow spindle 19 rotates, and is spirally wound on the outer surface of the shape memory alloy filament 1 at the lower layer yarn guide hook 22 to form a core layer 1.

[0027] The lower layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn 12 wound on the lower layer hollow spindle 20 is unwound as the lower layer hollow spindle 20 rotates, and is spirally wound on the outer surface of the shape memory alloy filament 2 2 at the lower layer yarn guide hook 23 to form the core layer 2.

[0028] The lower layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn three 13 wound on the lower layer hollow spindle three 21 is unwound as the lower layer hollow spindle three 21 rotates, and is spirally wound on the outer surface of the shape memory alloy filament three 3 at the lower layer yarn guide hook three 24 to form a core layer three.

[0029] S3: Three groups of core layers 1, 2 and 3 arranged in parallel are synchronously fed into the central tube 10 of the upper hollow spindle in right-slanting, vertical and left-slanting paths respectively. The upper temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn 14 wound on the upper hollow spindle 26 is unwound, so that the upper temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn 14 is wrapped around the outer surfaces of the core layers 1, 2 and 3 at the position of the upper yarn guide hook 25 to form a low-voltage driven electrochromic shape memory coated yarn 17.

[0030] S4: The low-voltage driven electrochromic shape memory coated yarn 17 is wound onto the yarn bobbin 18 through the yarn delivery roller 15 and the winding roller 16 .

[0031] The lower hollow spindle 20 and the upper hollow spindle 26 are located on the same vertical line, and the upper hollow spindle 26, the yarn delivery roller 15, the winding roller 16, and the yarn tube 18 are located on the same vertical line.

[0032] The winding directions of the lower temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn 11, the lower temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn 2 12, and the lower temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn 3 13 are the same. The winding direction of the upper temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn 14 is opposite to the winding direction of the lower temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn 11, the lower temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn 2 12, and the lower temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn 3 13.

[0033] Specifically, the core layer 1, the core layer 2, and the core layer 3 are arranged in parallel in a theoretical state, so that the cross section of the low-voltage driven electro-shaped memory color-changing coated yarn 17 is in a racetrack shape. In an actual state, the core layer 1, the core layer 2, and the core layer 3 are closely stacked, so that the cross section of the low-voltage driven electro-shaped memory color-changing coated yarn 17 in an actual state is circular.

[0034] Shape memory alloy filament 1, shape memory alloy filament 2, and shape memory alloy filament 3 are all one-way shape memory alloy filaments, and all are made of nickel-titanium shape memory alloy.

[0035] Specifically, the alloy crystal phase structure of the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy will transform between martensite and austenite as the temperature changes, and its phase transition temperature is about 25°C.

[0036] The lower layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn 11, the lower layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn 2 12, the lower layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn 3 13, and the upper layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn 14 are all coated temperature-sensitive color-changing yarns.

[0037] Specifically, the lower layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn 11, the lower layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn 12, the lower layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn 13, and the upper layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn 14 are all obtained by subjecting commercially available yarns to processes such as color-changing ink coating.

[0038] The color change response thresholds of the lower layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn 11, the lower layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn 2 12, the lower layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn 3 13, and the upper layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn 14 are 30°C-65°C.

[0039] Specifically, the color change response threshold of the lower layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn 11, the lower layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn 12, the lower layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn 13, and the upper layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn 14 is one of 31°C, 35°C, 38°C, 40°C, 45°C, and 65°C.

[0040] The lower layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn 11, the lower layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn 2 12, and the lower layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn 3 13 are all prepared by an impregnation method, and the preparation method includes: S21, cleaning the surface of the base yarn to remove grease, impurities and the like attached to the surface of the base yarn to improve the adhesion of the thermochromic ink; and drying and setting aside.

[0041] S22, immersing the treated base yarn in thermochromic ink for 0.5-5 minutes. The thermochromic ink can be a commercial product as required, and the color change response threshold of the thermochromic ink is 30°C-65°C.

[0042] S23, the impregnated yarn is squeezed through a squeezing roller to remove excess thermochromic ink, and the ink content on the base yarn is 10%-40%.

[0043] S24, placing the impregnated base yarn into an oven for drying at a temperature of 60° C. for a drying time of 3 min to 8 min, so that the thermochromic ink is fixed on the surface of the yarn.

[0044] The base yarns used in the lower layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn 1 (11), the lower layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn 2 (12), and the lower layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn 3 (13) are of the same material and thread density. The thread density of the base yarn material is 5s-60s in British count, and the base yarn is cotton yarn, linen yarn, or viscose yarn.

[0045] The upper layer of temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn is also prepared by the same preparation method as the lower layer of temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn. The lower layer of temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn is a general term for the lower layer of temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn 1, the lower layer of temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn 2, and the lower layer of temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn 3.

[0046] The color change thresholds of the lower layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn 1 (11), the lower layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn 2 (12), the lower layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn 3 (13) and the upper layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn can be the same or different. When the set thresholds are the same, after being powered on and heated to the threshold temperature, all the yarns change color synchronously, and the covered yarn as a whole presents a uniform pure color effect. When the covered yarn uses temperature-sensitive color-changing yarns with different color change thresholds, after being powered on and heated, the temperature-sensitive color-changing yarns change color in stages according to their respective thresholds, and the covered yarn as a whole presents a progressive mixed color visual effect.

[0047] Specifically, low-voltage driven electrochromic shape memory coated yarn is used in the fields of intelligent driven textiles such as artificial muscles, information encryption and anti-counterfeiting, etc.

[0048] Example 1 like Figure 1-3 As shown, low-voltage driven electrochromic shape memory coated yarn is spun according to the preparation method described above. In this embodiment, the shape memory alloy is nickel-titanium alloy, the diameter of the shape memory alloy filament is 150 mm, and the phase transition temperature of the nickel-titanium alloy is 25°C. The base yarn of the lower layer of temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn is cotton yarn, the temperature-sensitive color-changing ink is commercially available WBB31, the color change temperature is 31°C, and it changes from purple to red after exceeding the color change temperature. The ink content of the lower layer of temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn is 15%. The coating twist direction of the lower layer of temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn is Z twist. The upper layer of temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn is the same as the upper layer of temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn, the color change temperature is 31°C, and it changes from purple to red after exceeding the color change temperature. The coating twist direction of the upper layer of temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn is S twist. The coating twist of core layer one, core layer two and core layer three is 1000T / m, and the coating twist of the upper layer of temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn is 500T / m. The spindle speed is 7250r / min. The specific process parameters are shown in Table 1.

[0049] Example 2 like Figure 1-3As shown, according to the preparation method described above, a low-voltage driven electrochromic shape memory coated yarn is spun. In this embodiment, the shape memory alloy is a nickel-titanium alloy, the diameter of the shape memory alloy filament is 250 mm, and the phase transition temperature of the nickel-titanium alloy is 25°C. The base yarn of the lower layer of temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn is linen yarn, the thermochromic ink is the commercially available WBB31, the color change temperature is 31°C, and it changes from purple to red after exceeding the color change temperature. The ink content of the lower layer of temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn is 15%. The coating twist direction of the lower layer of temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn is Z twist. The base yarn of the upper layer of temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn is linen yarn, the thermochromic ink is the commercially available WBB45, the color change temperature is 45°C, and it changes from red to yellow after exceeding the color change temperature. The ink content of the upper layer of temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn is 20%. The coating twist direction of the upper layer of temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn is S twist. The covering twist of core layer 1, core layer 2 and core layer 3 is 1200T / m, and the covering twist of the upper temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn is 650T / m. The spindle speed is 9000r / min. The specific process parameters are shown in Table 1.

[0050] Example 3 like Figure 1-3 As shown, according to the preparation method described above, a low-voltage driven electrochromic shape memory coated yarn is spun. In this embodiment, the shape memory alloy is a nickel-titanium alloy, the diameter of the shape memory alloy filament is 50 mm, and the phase transition temperature of the nickel-titanium alloy is 25°C. The base yarn of the lower layer of temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn is linen yarn, the thermochromic ink is the commercially available WBB45, the color change temperature is 45°C, and it changes from red to yellow after exceeding the color change temperature. The ink content of the lower layer of temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn is 20%. The coating twist direction of the lower layer of temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn is S twist. The base yarn of the upper layer of temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn is cotton yarn, the thermochromic ink is the commercially available WBB38, the color change temperature is 38°C, and it changes from black to blue after exceeding the color change temperature. The ink content of the upper layer of temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn is 40%. The coating twist direction of the upper layer of temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn is Z twist. The covering twist of core layer 1, core layer 2 and core layer 3 is 850T / m, and the covering twist of the upper temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn is 1150T / m. The spindle speed is 7500r / min. The specific process parameters are shown in Table 1.

[0051] Example 4 like Figure 1-3As shown, according to the preparation method described above, a low-voltage driven electrochromic shape memory coated yarn is spun. In this embodiment, the shape memory alloy is a nickel-titanium alloy, the diameter of the shape memory alloy filament is 500 mm, and the phase transition temperature of the nickel-titanium alloy is 25°C. The base yarn of the lower layer of temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn is linen yarn, the thermochromic ink is the commercially available WBB65, the color change temperature is 65°C, and it changes from blue to pink after exceeding the color change temperature. The ink content of the lower layer of temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn is 15%. The coating twist direction of the lower layer of temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn is Z twist. The base yarn of the upper layer of temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn is linen yarn, the thermochromic ink is the commercially available WBB65, the color change temperature is 65°C, and it changes from blue to pink after exceeding the color change temperature. The ink content of the upper layer of temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn is 15%. The coating twist direction of the upper layer of temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn is S twist. The covering twist of core layer 1, core layer 2 and core layer 3 is 750T / m, and the covering twist of the upper temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn is 1000T / m. The spindle speed is 6500r / min. The specific process parameters are shown in Table 1.

[0052] Table 1 Process parameters and results of Examples 1-4 As can be seen from Table 1, the shape memory color-changing coated yarns prepared in Examples 1 to 4 can achieve synchronous changes in color change and deformation at a voltage of 1.5V-4.0V, that is, they can achieve color change and deformation at a relatively low voltage. The voltage applied for deformation and color change of the coated yarn is related to the thickness of the shape memory alloy wire and the color change temperature of the thermochromic yarn. A thinner shape memory alloy wire can be deformed at a relatively low voltage, and is conducive to promoting the color change of the thermochromic yarn.

[0053] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify or replace the technical solution of the present invention with equivalents, and these modifications or equivalent replacements cannot cause the modified technical solution to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A low-voltage driven electrochromic shape memory coated yarn, characterized in that: The invention comprises a core layer one, a core layer two and a core layer three, wherein a lower layer of temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn one (11) is wound around the outer surface of a shape memory alloy filament one (1) to form a core layer one, a lower layer of temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn two (12) is wound around the outer surface of a shape memory alloy filament two (2) to form a core layer two, a lower layer of temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn three (13) is wound around the outer surface of a shape memory alloy filament three (3) to form a core layer three, and an upper layer of temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn (14) covers the core layer one, the core layer two and the core layer three to form a low-voltage driven electrochromic shape memory coated yarn (17).

2. A method for preparing the low-voltage driven electrochromic shape memory coated yarn according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are included: S1: After the shape memory alloy filament 1 (1), shape memory alloy filament 2 (2) and shape memory alloy filament 3 (3) are fed through tension disk 1 (4), tension disk 2 (5) and tension disk 3 (6) respectively to adjust the feeding tension, they are synchronously fed into lower hollow spindle center tube 1 (7), lower hollow spindle center tube 2 (8) and lower hollow spindle center tube 3 (9) arranged in parallel on the hollow spindle wrapping spinning machine; S2: unwinding the lower layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn 1 (11) wound on the lower layer hollow spindle 1 (19) as the lower layer hollow spindle 1 (19) rotates, and spirally winding it around the outer surface of the shape memory alloy filament 1 (1) at the lower layer yarn guide hook 1 (22) to form a core layer 1; unwinding the lower layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn 2 (12) wound on the lower layer hollow spindle 2 (20) as the lower layer hollow spindle 2 (20) rotates, and spirally winding it around the outer surface of the shape memory alloy filament 2 (2) at the lower layer yarn guide hook 2 (23) to form a core layer 2; unwinding the lower layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn 3 (13) wound on the lower layer hollow spindle 3 (21) as the lower layer hollow spindle 3 (21) rotates, and spirally winding it around the outer surface of the shape memory alloy filament 3 (3) at the lower layer yarn guide hook 3 (24) to form a core layer 3; S3: three groups of core layers 1, 2 and 3 arranged in parallel are synchronously fed into the central tube (10) of the upper hollow spindle in right-slanting, vertical and left-slanting paths respectively, and the upper temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn (14) wound on the upper hollow spindle (26) is unwound, so that the upper temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn (14) is wrapped around the outer surfaces of the core layers 1, 2 and 3 at the position of the upper yarn guide hook (25) to form a low-voltage driven electrochromic shape memory coated yarn (17); S4: The low-voltage driven electrochromic shape memory coated yarn (17) is wound onto a yarn tube (18) through a yarn drawing roller (15) and a winding roller (16).

3. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lower hollow spindle 2 (20) and the upper hollow spindle (26) are located on the same vertical line, and the upper hollow spindle (26) and the yarn delivery roller (15), the winding roller (16), and the yarn tube (18) are located on the same vertical line.

4. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The winding directions of the lower layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn one (11), the lower layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn two (12), and the lower layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn three (13) are the same, and the winding direction of the upper layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn (14) is opposite to the winding direction of the lower layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn one (11), the lower layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn two (12), and the lower layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn three (13).

5. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cross section of the low-voltage driven electrochromic shape memory coated yarn (17) is circular.

6. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The shape memory alloy filament one (1), shape memory alloy filament two (2), and shape memory alloy filament three (3) are all one-way shape memory alloy filaments, and are all made of nickel-titanium shape memory alloy.

7. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lower layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn one (11), the lower layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn two (12), the lower layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn three (13), and the upper layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn (14) are all coated temperature-sensitive color-changing yarns.

8. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The color change response thresholds of the lower layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn one (11), the lower layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn two (12), the lower layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn three (13), and the upper layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn (14) are 30°C-65°C.

9. The preparation method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The lower layer of temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn 1 (11), the lower layer of temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn 2 (12), and the lower layer of temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn 3 (13) are all prepared by an impregnation method, and the preparation method includes: S21, cleaning the surface of the base yarn to remove grease and impurities attached to the surface of the base yarn; drying and setting aside; S22, dipping the treated base yarn into the thermochromic ink for a time of 0.5 min to 5 min; S23, the impregnated yarn is squeezed through a squeezing roller to remove excess thermochromic ink, and the ink content on the base yarn is 10%-40%; S24, placing the impregnated base yarn into an oven for drying at a temperature of 60° C. for a drying time of 3 min to 8 min; The base yarns used in the lower layer thermochromic yarn 1 (11), the lower layer thermochromic yarn 2 (12), and the lower layer thermochromic yarn 3 (13) are of the same material and linear density. The linear density of the base yarn material is 5s-60s in British count. The base yarn is cotton yarn, linen yarn, or viscose yarn. The color change response threshold of the thermochromic ink is 30℃-65℃.

10. An application of the low-voltage driven electrochromic shape memory coated yarn as claimed in claim 1 in the fields of intelligent driven textiles and information encryption and anti-counterfeiting.

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