Frozen soil roadbed ventilation and refrigeration system and control method

Abstract

The invention discloses a frozen soil roadbed ventilation and refrigeration system and a control method, and belongs to the technical field of frozen soil roadbed maintaining.The frozen soil roadbed ventilation and refrigeration system comprises a ventilation assembly and a draught fan, the ventilation assembly comprises a first ventilation pipe and a second ventilation pipe which are communicated, and the two ends of the first ventilation pipe are arranged in the vertical direction; the lower end of the first ventilation pipe penetrates through the frozen soil roadbed and communicates with the second ventilation pipe, the upper end of the first ventilation pipe penetrates out of the frozen soil roadbed, and the end, away from the first ventilation pipe, of the second ventilation pipe penetrates out of the side wall of the frozen soil roadbed. The upper end of the first ventilation pipe and / or the end, penetrating out of the frozen soil roadbed, of the second ventilation pipe are / is connected with a fan, the fan is configured to adjust the pressure difference between the upper end of the first ventilation pipe and the end, penetrating out of the frozen soil roadbed, of the second ventilation pipe, the refrigeration effect of the frozen soil roadbed ventilation and refrigeration system can be actively controlled, and dependence on external real-time wind power is reduced; and the refrigeration stability of the frozen soil roadbed is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of frozen soil subgrade maintenance, and particularly to a ventilation and refrigeration system for frozen soil subgrade and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Affected by global warming and years of human engineering, the degradation of frozen soil is significant, the thickness of the active layer gradually increases, and disasters such as foundation thaw settlement and pavement cracking are easily induced, threatening the safe operation of the subgrade.

[0003] In related technologies, the ventilation pipe is an important structural measure for cooling the subgrade, but the ventilation pipe mainly relies on the real-time wind conditions outside, and the refrigeration effect on the frozen soil subgrade is unstable. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. For this purpose, the present invention provides a ventilation and refrigeration system for frozen soil subgrade, which can actively control the refrigeration effect of the ventilation and refrigeration system for frozen soil subgrade, reduce the dependence on the real-time wind outside, and improve the stability of refrigerating the frozen soil subgrade.

[0005] The present invention also provides a control method.

[0006] The ventilation and refrigeration system for frozen soil subgrade according to the first aspect embodiment of the present invention is applied to a frozen soil subgrade. The ventilation and refrigeration system for frozen soil subgrade includes: a ventilation component, including a first ventilation pipe and a second ventilation pipe that are connected and communicated. The two ends of the first ventilation pipe are arranged in the vertical direction. The lower end of the first ventilation pipe penetrates through the frozen soil subgrade and is communicated with the second ventilation pipe. The upper end of the first ventilation pipe penetrates out of the frozen soil subgrade and is provided. The end of the second ventilation pipe away from the first ventilation pipe penetrates out of the side wall of the frozen soil subgrade. A fan is connected to the upper end of the first ventilation pipe and / or the end of the second ventilation pipe that penetrates out of the frozen soil subgrade. The fan is configured to adjust the pressure difference between the upper end of the first ventilation pipe and the end of the second ventilation pipe that penetrates out of the frozen soil subgrade.

[0007] The ventilation and refrigeration system for frozen soil subgrade according to the embodiments of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: The ventilation and refrigeration system for frozen soil subgrade includes a first ventilation pipe and a second ventilation pipe that are connected and communicate with each other. Both the first ventilation pipe and the second ventilation pipe are partially disposed in the frozen soil subgrade. The lower end of the first ventilation pipe communicates with the second ventilation pipe. The upper end of the first ventilation pipe penetrates through the upper end of the frozen soil subgrade. The end of the second ventilation pipe away from the first ventilation pipe penetrates through the side wall of the frozen soil subgrade. That is, the first ventilation pipe and the second ventilation pipe are arranged at an angle, increasing the ventilation path and being beneficial to improving the refrigeration efficiency of the ventilation component for the frozen soil subgrade. The ventilation and refrigeration system for frozen soil subgrade further includes a fan. The fan is connected to the upper end of the first ventilation pipe and / or the end of the second ventilation pipe that penetrates through the frozen soil subgrade. Through the active drive of the fan, the pressure difference between the upper end of the first ventilation pipe and the end of the second ventilation pipe that penetrates through the frozen soil subgrade can be adjusted, that is, the wind speed in the ventilation component is increased to change the refrigeration effect of the ventilation and refrigeration system for frozen soil subgrade, ensuring that the refrigeration capacity of the ventilation component can meet the refrigeration requirements of the frozen soil subgrade to maintain the stability of the temperature and humidity of the frozen soil subgrade. Through the active drive of the fan, the refrigeration effect of the ventilation and refrigeration system for frozen soil subgrade can be actively controlled, reducing the dependence on the real-time wind force outside, improving the stability of refrigerating the frozen soil subgrade, and preventing disasters such as foundation settlement and pavement cracking.

[0008] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the two ends of the second ventilation pipe are arranged in the left-right direction. The middle part of the second ventilation pipe communicates with the lower end of the first ventilation pipe. The two ends of the second ventilation pipe respectively penetrate through the two opposite side walls of the frozen soil subgrade. The fan is connected to the upper end of the first ventilation pipe.

[0009] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the ventilation and refrigeration system for frozen soil subgrade further includes an air box. An air outlet cavity is provided in the air box. The air box is connected to the upper end of the first ventilation pipe, and the air outlet cavity communicates with the first ventilation pipe. The air box has a plurality of first air outlets communicating with the air outlet cavity. A plurality of fans are provided, and the fans are in one-to-one correspondence with the first air outlets. The fans are connected to the air box.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the ventilation and refrigeration system for frozen soil subgrade further includes a wind cap and a plurality of connecting columns. The first air outlets are provided on the peripheral wall of the air box. A second air outlet is opened at the upper end of the air box. The wind cap is located above the second air outlet. The upper and lower ends of the connecting column are respectively connected to the wind cap and the air box.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a heating net and a resistivity probe are provided at the end of the second ventilation pipe that penetrates through the frozen soil subgrade. The resistivity probe is used to detect whether the pipe orifice of the second ventilation pipe is covered with snow. The heating net is connected to the cross-section of the pipe orifice of the second ventilation pipe to melt the snow at the pipe orifice of the second ventilation pipe.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the ventilation and refrigeration system for frozen soil subgrade further includes an energy collector, a plurality of transfer rods, a plurality of buffer springs, and two kinetic energy recovery plates arranged vertically. The plurality of buffer springs are arranged at intervals along the plane direction of the kinetic energy recovery plates. Two ends of each buffer spring are respectively connected to the two kinetic energy recovery plates. The transfer rods, buffer springs, and kinetic energy recovery plates are all built in the frozen soil subgrade. The upper end of the transfer rod is connected to the surface layer of the frozen soil subgrade, and the lower end of the transfer rod is connected to the end face of the kinetic energy recovery plate. The energy collector is used to collect the compression work of the buffer springs.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the ventilation and refrigeration system for frozen soil subgrade further includes a lifting driver, a driven gear, a driving gear, a transmission shaft, and a generator. The driving gear is axially connected to the fan. Two ends of the transmission shaft are respectively connected to the driven gear and the generator. The lifting driver is configured to drive the driven gear to engage or disengage with the driving gear.

[0014] The control method according to the second aspect embodiments of the present invention includes the ventilation and refrigeration system for frozen soil subgrade shown in any one of the first aspect. The control method includes: Judging whether the refrigeration capacity of the ventilation component can meet the refrigeration demand of the frozen soil subgrade; When the refrigeration capacity is less than the refrigeration demand, controlling the operation of the fan to adjust the pressure difference between the upper end of the first ventilation pipe and the end of the second ventilation pipe passing through the frozen soil subgrade.

[0015] The control method according to the embodiments of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: The ventilation and refrigeration system for frozen soil subgrade includes a first ventilation pipe and a second ventilation pipe that are connected and communicate with each other, and both the first ventilation pipe and the second ventilation pipe are arranged through the frozen soil subgrade. The lower end of the first ventilation pipe is connected to the second ventilation pipe, the upper end of the first ventilation pipe penetrates through the upper end of the frozen soil subgrade, and the end of the second ventilation pipe away from the first ventilation pipe penetrates through the side wall of the frozen soil subgrade, that is, the first ventilation pipe and the second ventilation pipe are arranged at an angle, increasing the ventilation path, which is beneficial to improving the refrigeration efficiency of the ventilation component for the frozen soil subgrade. The ventilation and refrigeration system for frozen soil subgrade further includes a fan, and a fan is connected to the upper end of the first ventilation pipe and / or the end of the second ventilation pipe that penetrates through the frozen soil subgrade; The control method can first determine whether the refrigeration capacity of the ventilation component can meet the refrigeration demand of the frozen soil subgrade. When the refrigeration capacity is less than the refrigeration demand, that is, the frozen soil subgrade cannot maintain a stable state, the control method can actively drive the fan, thereby adjusting the pressure difference between the upper end of the first ventilation pipe and the end of the second ventilation pipe that penetrates through the frozen soil subgrade, that is, increasing the wind speed in the ventilation component, so as to change the refrigeration effect of the ventilation and refrigeration system for the frozen soil subgrade, ensuring that the refrigeration capacity of the ventilation component can meet the refrigeration demand of the frozen soil subgrade, so as to maintain the stability of the temperature and humidity of the frozen soil subgrade. Through the active drive of the fan, the control method can actively control the refrigeration effect of the ventilation and refrigeration system for the frozen soil subgrade, reduce the dependence on the external real-time wind force, improve the stability of the refrigeration of the frozen soil subgrade, and prevent disasters such as foundation settlement and pavement cracking.

[0016] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the ventilation and refrigeration system for frozen soil subgrade further includes a temperature sensor and a moisture sensor, and the temperature sensor and the moisture sensor are respectively used to detect the temperature and unfrozen water content of the soil layer at the lower end of the second ventilation pipe; When the refrigeration capacity is less than the refrigeration demand, controlling the operation of the fan to adjust the pressure difference between the upper end of the first ventilation pipe and the end of the second ventilation pipe that penetrates through the frozen soil subgrade includes: When the detected value of the temperature sensor is greater than the first preset value within the first preset time and the detected value of the moisture sensor continues to increase, it is determined that the refrigeration capacity is less than the refrigeration demand; Obtain the rotation speed of the fan, and control the fan to operate at a speed of increasing the rotation speed by 20% per hour; Until the detected value of the temperature sensor is less than or equal to the first preset value within the second preset time and the detected value of the moisture sensor stops increasing, stop the speed increase of the fan.

[0017] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the control method further includes: When the detected value of the temperature sensor is less than or equal to the first preset value and continues to decrease, and the detected value of the moisture sensor continues to decrease within the third preset time, control the fan to operate at a speed of reducing the rotation speed by 10% per hour; Stop the deceleration of the fan until the detected value of the temperature sensor is less than or equal to the first preset value and stops decreasing, and the detected value of the moisture sensor stops decreasing within the second preset time.

[0018] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description, become apparent in part from the following description, or be learned through the practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments, where: Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a ventilation and refrigeration system for a frozen soil subgrade according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a combination of a driving gear and a driven gear of a ventilation and refrigeration system for a frozen soil subgrade according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 is a flowchart of a control method according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 is a flowchart of increasing the speed of the fan in a control method according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 is a flowchart of reducing the speed of the fan in a control method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Reference Numerals in the Drawings: 100, ventilation assembly; 110, first ventilation pipe; 120, second ventilation pipe; 200, fan; 300, air box; 310, first air outlet; 320, second air outlet; 410, connecting column; 420, wind cap; 510, resistivity probe; 520, heating grid; 610, transfer rod; 620, kinetic energy recovery plate; 630, buffer spring; 710, driving gear; 720, driven gear; 730, transmission shaft; 740, generator; 810, temperature sensor; 820, moisture sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0021] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. The examples of the embodiments are shown in the drawings, where the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements with the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention and should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0022] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that with regard to the orientation description, such as the orientation or positional relationship indicated by up, down, etc., it is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0023] In the description of the present invention, "a plurality of" refers to more than two. If there is a description of first and second, it is only for the purpose of distinguishing technical features, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of the indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the sequence relationship of the indicated technical features.

[0024] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined, terms such as "arrangement", "installation", "connection", etc. should be understood in a broad sense, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention in combination with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0025] Affected by global warming and human engineering, the degradation of frozen soil is significant, the thickness of the active layer gradually increases, and disasters such as foundation settlement and road surface cracking become more and more serious, seriously threatening the safe operation of the subgrade. Ensuring the stability of the temperature field of the underlying frozen soil and thus preventing settlement is an important basis for the safe operation of permafrost subgrade. And the ventilation pipe is an important measure to cool the permafrost subgrade, and it reduces the temperature of the subgrade matrix through cold air convection.

[0026] In the related art, in order to enhance the cooling effect of the ventilation pipe, measures such as increasing the diameter of the ventilation pipe and the through-wall ventilation pipe are proposed. Based on the idea of convective heat transfer of air, the heat absorbed by the asphalt pavement and transferred downward is taken away, thereby blocking the thermal influence on the underlying frozen soil of the subgrade. In addition, the cold air passing through the ventilation pipe in winter can accelerate the cooling of the frozen soil, and the air passing through the ventilation pipe in summer can promote the heat dissipation of the frozen soil and slow down the melting of the frozen soil.

[0027] The working principle of the above measures determines that the prerequisite for the ventilation pipe to effectively control the temperature of the permafrost subgrade is that the cooling capacity generated by air convection is not less than the temperature rise amount generated by the frozen soil affected by the external environment, that is, the above measures all belong to passive refrigeration relying on the real-time wind conditions of the outside world, and the constantly changing wind speed, wind direction and air flow rate cannot meet the refrigeration conditions for maintaining the frozen soil from melting.

[0028] Refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown in

[0029] Refer toFigure 1 and Figure 2 As shown in Figure 2 , the ventilation assembly 100 includes a first ventilation pipe 110 and a second ventilation pipe 120 that are connected and communicate with each other. The two ends of the first ventilation pipe 110 are arranged vertically. The lower end of the first ventilation pipe 110 penetrates through the frozen soil subgrade. The two ends of the second ventilation pipe 120 are arranged in the left - right direction. The main body part of the second ventilation pipe 120 penetrates through the frozen soil subgrade. The left end and the right end of the second ventilation pipe 120 respectively penetrate out of the two side walls of the frozen soil subgrade, and the middle part of the second ventilation pipe 120 communicates with the lower end of the first ventilation pipe 110.

[0030] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown in Figure 2 , the fan 200 is connected to the upper end of the first ventilation pipe 110. Through the active operation of the fan 200, the differential pressure between the upper end of the first ventilation pipe 110 and the pipe orifice of the second ventilation pipe 120 can be adjusted, so as to adjust the wind speed in the first ventilation pipe 110 and the second ventilation pipe 120. Cold air can flow in from the two pipe orifices of the second ventilation pipe 120 and flow out from the upper end of the first ventilation pipe 110.

[0031] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown in Figure 2 , compared with the traditional ventilation pipe structure with only horizontal arrangement, the frozen soil subgrade ventilation and refrigeration system provided by this embodiment of the invention has a first ventilation pipe 110 and a second ventilation pipe 120 arranged at a right angle, and the first ventilation pipe 110 is arranged vertically. The frozen soil subgrade ventilation and refrigeration system is additionally provided with a vertically arranged first ventilation pipe 110, that is, the ventilation path is increased, which is beneficial to improving the refrigeration efficiency of the ventilation assembly 100 for the frozen soil subgrade.

[0032] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown in Figure 2 , the frozen soil subgrade ventilation and refrigeration system further includes a fan 200. Through the active drive of the fan 200, the differential pressure between the upper end of the first ventilation pipe 110 and the end of the second ventilation pipe 120 that penetrates out of the frozen soil subgrade can be adjusted, that is, the wind speed in the ventilation assembly 100 is increased, so as to change the refrigeration effect of the frozen soil subgrade ventilation and refrigeration system, ensure that the refrigeration capacity of the ventilation assembly 100 can meet the refrigeration requirements of the frozen soil subgrade, and maintain the stability of the temperature and humidity of the frozen soil subgrade. Through the active drive of the fan 200, the refrigeration effect of the ventilation assembly 100 can be actively controlled, the dependence on the external real - time wind force is reduced, and the stability of the refrigeration of the frozen soil subgrade is improved, so as to prevent disasters such as foundation settlement and road surface cracking.

[0033] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, it should be noted that the first ventilation pipe 110 can be arranged in the median strip area of a two-way road, without increasing the width of the existing road surface, and has strong feasibility.

[0034] It should be understood that in some other embodiments, the first ventilation pipe 110 is inclined, and the second ventilation pipe 120 is horizontal. With the connection of the fan 200, the pressure difference between the pipe orifice of the first ventilation pipe 110 and the pipe orifice of the second ventilation pipe 120 can also be adjusted.

[0035] It should be understood that in some other embodiments, one end of the second ventilation pipe 120 penetrates into the frozen soil subgrade and is communicated with the lower end of the first ventilation pipe 110, and the other end of the second ventilation pipe 120 penetrates out of the side wall of the frozen soil subgrade, that is, the first ventilation pipe 110 and the second ventilation pipe 120 are arranged in an L shape.

[0036] It should be understood that in some other embodiments, the fan 200 is connected to the pipe orifice of the second ventilation pipe 120, and the pressure difference between the upper end of the first ventilation pipe 110 and the end of the second ventilation pipe 120 penetrating out of the frozen soil subgrade can also be adjusted, that is, the wind speed in the ventilation assembly 100 is increased to change the refrigeration effect of the frozen soil subgrade ventilation and refrigeration system.

[0037] Refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, it can be understood that in this embodiment, the frozen soil subgrade ventilation and refrigeration system further includes an air box 300. An air outlet cavity is provided in the air box 300. The air box 300 is connected to the upper end of the first ventilation pipe 110, and the air outlet cavity is communicated with the first ventilation pipe 110. The air box 300 has a plurality of first air outlets 310 communicated with the air outlet cavity. A plurality of fans 200 are provided. The fans 200 are in one-to-one correspondence with the first air outlets 310, and the fans 200 are connected to the air box 300.

[0038] Refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, specifically, a plurality of first air outlets 310 are arranged on the peripheral wall of the wind direction. The air box 300 is a cube, that is, the air box 300 is provided with four first air outlets 310. Correspondingly, the frozen soil subgrade ventilation and refrigeration system has four fans 200, and the four fans 200 are respectively arranged corresponding to the four first air outlets 310. When the fans 200 do not operate, the fan blades of the fans 200 can rotate with the penetrating cold air. When the fans 200 operate, the wind speed at the pipe orifice of the first ventilation pipe 110 can be actively adjusted, so that a pressure difference is formed between the pipe orifice of the first ventilation pipe 110 and the pipe orifice of the second ventilation pipe 120, accelerating the air flow in the first ventilation pipe 110 and the second ventilation pipe 120, and improving the refrigeration effect of the frozen soil subgrade ventilation and refrigeration system.

[0039] Refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, it can be understood that the upper end face and the lower end face of the bellows 300 are respectively provided with second air outlets 320. The second air outlet 320 at the lower end is communicated with the pipe orifice of the first ventilation pipe 110, and the second air outlet 320 at the upper end is arranged in an open manner.

[0040] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the ventilation and refrigeration system for frozen soil subgrade further includes a wind cap 420 and a plurality of connecting columns 410. The plurality of connecting columns 410 are arranged at intervals in a plane along the upper end face of the bellows 300. The wind cap 420 is located above the second air outlet 320. The two ends of the connecting column 410 are respectively connected to the wind cap 420 and the upper end of the bellows 300, so that the connecting column 410 and the wind cap 420 and the bellows 300 jointly define a third air outlet for lateral air outlet. The air flowing through the second air outlet 320 can flow out of the bellows 300 from the third air outlet.

[0041] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the setting of the wind cap 420 can ensure the unobstructedness of the first ventilation pipe 110 throughout the season while blocking sand and snow from entering the first ventilation pipe 110, that is, it plays a role in preventing sand and snow from accumulating at the pipe orifice of the first ventilation pipe 110.

[0042] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the upper end of the wind cap 420 has two inclined surfaces arranged at an angle to facilitate guiding the flow of rainwater, sand or snow, etc., and can reduce the accumulation of rainwater, sand or snow while preventing rainwater, sand or snow from entering the first ventilation pipe 110.

[0043] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, it can be understood that considering that the pipe orifice position of the second ventilation pipe 120 is relatively low, snow is likely to accumulate at the pipe orifice of the second ventilation pipe 120, resulting in the obstruction of the ventilation of the ventilation component 100, thereby affecting the refrigeration effect on the frozen soil subgrade.

[0044] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a heating grid 520 and a resistivity probe 510 are provided at the end of the second ventilation pipe 120 passing through the frozen soil subgrade, that is, a heating grid 520 and a resistivity probe 510 are respectively provided at the left end pipe orifice and the right end pipe orifice of the second ventilation pipe 120. The resistivity probe 510 can be buried in the shallow layer of the soil near the outside of the pipe orifice. The resistivity probe 510 is used to detect whether there is snow accumulation near the pipe orifice of the second ventilation pipe 120, and the heating grid 520 is connected to the pipe orifice section of the second ventilation pipe 120. The ventilation and refrigeration system for frozen soil subgrade further includes a controller. Both the heating grid 520 and the resistivity probe 510 are electrically connected to the controller.

[0045] Referring toFigure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, when snow begins to cover the soil surface near the pipe orifice, the pores in the shallow soil will gradually be filled with ice-water mixture, resulting in a change in the measured value of the resistivity probe 510. The resistivity probe 510 can transmit the identified data to the controller, and the controller determines whether there is snow cover. Specifically, when the data reaches the preset snow accumulation threshold, the controller can control the operation of the heating grid 520, causing the heating grid 520 to generate heat, thereby melting the snow at the pipe orifice.

[0046] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, during the snowstorm season, the blockage of the pipeline by snow begins at the pipe orifice position. The heating grid 520 at the pipe orifice of the second ventilation pipe 120 can accurately control the heating amount and heating time according to the signal of the resistivity probe 510, and can promptly eliminate the adverse effects caused by snow accumulation.

[0047] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, while melting the snow, the heating grid 520 can reduce the interference to air flow to ensure the air circulation of the ventilation assembly 100, so as to achieve the refrigeration of the frozen soil subgrade.

[0048] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, it should be noted that specifically, the heating grid 520 can select metal wires with relatively high resistivity. When an electric current passes through, the metal wires heat up and can melt the snow near the pipe orifice of the second ventilation pipe 120. The heating grid 520 continues to heat until the value obtained by the resistivity probe 510 returns to the normal value and then stops power supply.

[0049] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, it should be noted that the heating grid 520 can be various electric heating elements, and its structure and heating principle belong to the conventional technical means in this field, and will not be elaborated here.

[0050] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, it should be noted that the structure and detection principle of the resistivity probe 510 belong to the conventional technical means in this field, and will not be elaborated here.

[0051] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, it can be understood that the frozen soil subgrade ventilation and refrigeration system further includes a photovoltaic panel and a storage battery. The photovoltaic panel is connected to the upper end of the wind cap 420 for collecting solar energy. The photovoltaic panel is electrically connected to the storage battery, so that the solar energy collected by the photovoltaic panel can be converted into electric energy and stored in the storage battery.

[0052] Referring to Figure 1 andFigure 2 As shown, it can be understood that the ventilation and refrigeration system for frozen soil subgrade further includes an energy collector, a plurality of transfer rods 610, a plurality of buffer springs 630, and two kinetic energy recovery plates 620 arranged vertically, wherein the buffer springs 630 are clamped between the two kinetic energy recovery plates 620, and the plurality of buffer springs 630 are arranged at intervals along the plane of the kinetic energy recovery plates 620.

[0053] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the frozen soil subgrade includes a surface layer and a cushion layer arranged vertically, and the transfer rods 610, the buffer springs 630, and the kinetic energy recovery plates 620 are all built into the frozen soil subgrade, and the transfer rods 610, the buffer springs 630, and the kinetic energy recovery plates 620 are all arranged between the surface layer and the cushion layer. The kinetic energy recovery plates 620 are arranged horizontally.

[0054] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the upper end of the transfer rod 610 is connected to the surface layer of the frozen soil subgrade, the lower end of the transfer rod 610 is connected to the end face of the kinetic energy recovery plate 620, and the energy collector is used to collect the compression work of the buffer spring 630. The energy collector is connected to the storage battery, and the energy collector can convert the collected energy into electric energy and store the electric energy in the storage battery.

[0055] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, specifically, when the driving vehicle generates vibration on the surface layer of the frozen soil subgrade, the transfer rod 610 can send the energy transmitted from the upper part to the kinetic energy recovery plate 620, sharing the damage energy borne by the road surface to a certain extent. The energy transmitted to the kinetic energy recovery plate 620 is consumed by the deformation of the buffer spring 630, and the energy collector can be used to collect the compression work generated by the buffer spring 630 changing from the initial state to the compressed state, so as to obtain the energy generated by the vehicle vibration.

[0056] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the ventilation and refrigeration system for frozen soil subgrade proposed in the embodiment of the present invention puts forward the technical concept of using the combination of the kinetic energy recovery plate 620 and the buffer spring 630 to capture the vehicle vibration energy transmitted by the surface layer, breaking through the limitations of the existing road engineering clean energy concentrated in wind energy and solar energy, increasing the energy source for the operation and maintenance of the existing traffic infrastructure, and reducing the damage and destruction of the vibration energy to the road surface through the utilization of the vehicle transmission load.

[0057] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, it should be noted that the energy collector can be based on the principle of electromagnetic induction. When the spring is compressed, the spring can be connected to the coil, so as to drive the coil to move in the magnetic field, thereby generating an induced current to achieve energy collection.

[0058] It should be understood that in some other embodiments, the energy harvester can perform piezoelectric energy harvesting. Components made of piezoelectric materials are used. When the spring is compressed, the piezoelectric material deforms, thereby generating electrical energy to achieve energy harvesting.

[0059] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, it can be understood that in this embodiment, the frozen soil subgrade ventilation and refrigeration system further includes a lifting driver, a driven gear 720, a driving gear 710, a transmission shaft 730, and a generator 740. The driving gear 710 is axially connected to the fan 200. Both ends of the transmission shaft 730 are respectively connected to the driven gear 720 and the generator 740. The lifting driver is configured to drive the driven gear 720 to engage or disengage with the driving gear 710. The generator 740 is connected to a storage battery, and the storage battery can be used to store the electrical energy generated by the generator 740.

[0060] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, when the natural wind is sufficient for a continuous period of time (such as 8 hours), under the action of the natural wind force, the refrigeration effect of the ventilation assembly 100 far exceeds the requirement for maintaining the thermal stability of the frozen soil subgrade. The frozen soil subgrade ventilation and refrigeration system can drive the driven gear 720 to engage with the driving gear 710 through the lifting driver. Under the driving action of the natural wind, the fan blades of the fan 200 can drive the driving gear 710, the driven gear 720, and the transmission shaft 730 to rotate. Since the transmission shaft 730 is connected to the generator 740, wind power generation of the frozen soil subgrade ventilation and refrigeration system can be achieved. That is, through the engagement of the driving gear 710 and the driven gear 720, the excess wind energy flowing through the fan blades of the fan 200 can be converted into mechanical energy, and then converted into electrical energy through the generator 740, and the generated electrical energy is stored in the storage battery.

[0061] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, when the natural wind force is insufficient, the frozen soil subgrade ventilation and refrigeration system can drive the driven gear 720 to disengage from the driving gear 710 through the lifting driver, thereby reducing the obstruction of the driven gear 720, the transmission shaft 730, and the generator 740 to the rotation of the fan blades, so as to adjust the pressure difference between the nozzle of the first ventilation pipe 110 and the nozzle of the second ventilation pipe 120 to ensure the refrigeration effect of the ventilation assembly 100 on the frozen soil subgrade.

[0062] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, it should be noted that the lifting driver can be a linear driving mechanism such as an electric push rod, a hydraulic push rod, a pneumatic push rod, a screw slider mechanism, or a crank connecting rod mechanism.

[0063] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, it can be understood that the ventilation and refrigeration system for frozen soil subgrade further includes a temperature sensor 810 and a moisture sensor 820. Both the temperature sensor 810 and the moisture sensor 820 are arranged below the second ventilation pipe 120 to detect the temperature change and unfrozen water content change of the soil layer below the second ventilation pipe 120. The ventilation and refrigeration system for frozen soil subgrade can determine the degradation degree of the frozen soil based on the detection values of the temperature sensor 810 and the moisture sensor 820, and then determine whether the external natural conditions can meet the refrigeration requirements of the frozen soil subgrade.

[0064] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, when the external natural conditions cannot meet the refrigeration requirements of the frozen soil subgrade, the ventilation and refrigeration system for frozen soil subgrade can supply energy to the fan 200 through the storage battery, increase the rotation speed of the fan blades of the fan 200, thereby increasing the pressure difference between the pipe orifice of the first ventilation pipe 110 and the pipe orifice of the second ventilation pipe 120, so as to improve the refrigeration effect of the ventilation and refrigeration system for frozen soil subgrade.

[0065] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the ventilation and refrigeration system for frozen soil subgrade can judge whether the refrigeration capacity generated by the ventilation component 100 under the action of natural wind far exceeds the refrigeration requirements of the frozen soil subgrade based on the detection values of the temperature sensor 810 and the moisture sensor 820, so as to recover the redundant energy of the rotation of the fan blades of the fan 200.

[0066] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in order to achieve the active and precise adjustment of the ventilation and refrigeration system for frozen soil subgrade, the ventilation and refrigeration system for frozen soil subgrade proposes to capture the temperature and moisture changes of the soil layer below the second ventilation pipe 120, judge whether the refrigeration capacity of the ventilation component 100 can meet the refrigeration requirements of the frozen soil subgrade, so as to realize the active adjustment of the refrigeration of the frozen soil subgrade, and can realize the full-season refrigeration of the ventilation component 100 and meet the refrigeration requirements under harsh climate conditions.

[0067] Referring to Figures 3 to 5 As shown, a control method according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied to the ventilation and refrigeration system for frozen soil subgrade shown in any one of the above embodiments. The control method includes the following steps: S100, judge whether the refrigeration capacity of the ventilation component 100 can meet the refrigeration requirements of the frozen soil subgrade; S200, when the refrigeration capacity is less than the refrigeration requirement, control the fan 200 to operate to adjust the pressure difference between the upper end of the first ventilation pipe 110 and the end of the second ventilation pipe 120 passing through the frozen soil subgrade.

[0068] Referring to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown in the figure, the ventilation and refrigeration system for frozen soil subgrade includes a first ventilation pipe 110 and a second ventilation pipe 120 that are connected and communicate with each other. Both the first ventilation pipe 110 and the second ventilation pipe 120 are arranged through the frozen soil subgrade. The lower end of the first ventilation pipe 110 is connected to the second ventilation pipe 120. The upper end of the first ventilation pipe 110 penetrates through the upper end of the frozen soil subgrade, and the end of the second ventilation pipe 120 away from the first ventilation pipe 110 penetrates through the side wall of the frozen soil subgrade. That is, the first ventilation pipe 110 and the second ventilation pipe 120 are arranged at an angle, increasing the ventilation path and being beneficial to improving the refrigeration efficiency of the ventilation component 100 for the frozen soil subgrade. The ventilation and refrigeration system for frozen soil subgrade further includes a fan 200, and a fan 200 is connected to the upper end of the first ventilation pipe 110 and / or the end of the second ventilation pipe 120 that penetrates through the frozen soil subgrade.

[0069] Referring to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the control method can first determine whether the refrigeration capacity of the ventilation component 100 can meet the refrigeration demand of the frozen soil subgrade. When the refrigeration capacity is less than the refrigeration demand, that is, the frozen soil subgrade cannot maintain a stable state, the control method can actively drive the fan 200, thereby adjusting the pressure difference between the upper end of the first ventilation pipe 110 and the end of the second ventilation pipe 120 that penetrates through the frozen soil subgrade, that is, increasing the wind speed in the ventilation component 100 to change the refrigeration effect of the ventilation and refrigeration system for the frozen soil subgrade, ensuring that the refrigeration capacity of the ventilation component 100 can meet the refrigeration demand of the frozen soil subgrade, and maintaining the stability of the temperature and humidity of the frozen soil subgrade.

[0070] Through the active drive of the fan 200, the control method can actively control the refrigeration effect of the ventilation and refrigeration system for the frozen soil subgrade, reduce the dependence on the real-time wind force outside, improve the stability of refrigerating the frozen soil subgrade, and prevent disasters such as foundation thaw settlement and pavement cracking.

[0071] Referring to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown in the figure, it can be understood that the ventilation and refrigeration system for frozen soil subgrade further includes a temperature sensor 810 and a moisture sensor 820. The temperature sensor 810 and the moisture sensor 820 are respectively used to detect the temperature and unfrozen water content of the soil layer at the lower end of the second ventilation pipe 120.

[0072] Referring to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown in the figure, for the control method, in step S200, the following steps are further included: S210, when the detected value of the temperature sensor 810 is greater than the first preset value within the first preset time and the detected value of the moisture sensor 820 continues to increase, it is determined that the refrigeration capacity is less than the refrigeration demand; S220. Obtain the rotational speed of the blower 200, and control the blower 200 to operate at a speed of increasing the rotational speed by 20% per hour. S230. Until the detected value of the temperature sensor 810 is less than or equal to the first preset value within the second preset time and the detected value of the moisture sensor 820 stops increasing, stop the speed increase of the blower 200.

[0073] Refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown in

[0074] Refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, in step S210, this control method determines whether the cooling capacity of the ventilation assembly 100 can meet the requirement for maintaining the thermal stability of the frozen soil by obtaining the temperature change of the temperature sensor 810 and the change in the unfrozen water content of the moisture sensor 820 within the first preset time. Specifically, the first preset time can be 1 hour, and the first preset value can be -1.5 °C. That is, within 1 continuous hour, if the detected value of the temperature sensor 810 monitored by this control method is greater than -1.5 °C and the detected value of the moisture sensor 820 is continuously increasing, it means that the frozen soil is unstable and there are risks such as thaw settlement.

[0075] Refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown in

[0076] In step S220, this control method can obtain the rotational speed of the blower 200 and improve the cooling capacity of this frozen soil subgrade ventilation and cooling system by actively controlling the speed increase of the blower 200. Specifically, this control method can control the blower 200 to operate at a speed of increasing the rotational speed by 20% per hour, thereby adjusting the pressure difference between the upper end of the first ventilation pipe 110 and the end of the second ventilation pipe 120 passing through the frozen soil subgrade, that is, increasing the wind speed within the ventilation assembly 100 to change the cooling effect of this frozen soil subgrade ventilation and cooling system. Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, for example, if the original rotational speed of the fan blades of the blower 200 is 1000 revolutions per minute, this control method can control the fan blades of the blower 200 to increase the speed so that the fan blades of the blower 200 rotate at 1200 revolutions per minute. If within the subsequent 1 hour, the cooling capacity of the ventilation assembly 100 still cannot meet the cooling requirement of the frozen soil subgrade, this frozen soil subgrade ventilation and cooling system can control the fan blades of the blower 200 to increase the speed so that the fan blades of the blower 200 rotate at a speed of 1440 revolutions per minute.

[0077] Refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 4As shown, in step S230, after increasing the speed of the fan blades of the fan 200, the control method continues to monitor in real time the detection values of the temperature sensor 810 and the moisture sensor 820.

[0078] Referring to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, specifically, the second preset time can be 1 hour, and the first preset value can be -1.5°C. That is, the control method can detect that the detection value of the temperature sensor 810 is less than or equal to -1.5°C within 1 hour continuously, and the detection value of the moisture sensor 820 stops increasing, that is, the unfrozen water content detected by the moisture sensor 820 no longer increases, that is, the frozen soil returns to a stable state, that is, the cooling capacity of the ventilation component 100 can meet the cooling demand of the frozen soil subgrade, and the speed increase of the fan 200 can be stopped.

[0079] Referring to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, it can be understood that the control method further includes the following steps: Step S300, when the detection value of the temperature sensor 810 is less than or equal to the first preset value and continues to decrease, and the detection value of the moisture sensor 820 continues to decrease within the third preset time, control the fan 200 to operate at a speed of reducing the rotation speed by 10% per hour; Step S400, until the detection value of the temperature sensor 810 is less than or equal to the first preset value and stops decreasing, and the detection value of the moisture sensor 820 stops decreasing within the second preset time, stop the deceleration of the fan 200.

[0080] Referring to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, specifically, the third preset time is 3 hours. If within 3 hours continuously, the frozen soil temperature detected by the temperature sensor 810 is lower than -1.5°C and continues to decrease, and the unfrozen water content detected by the moisture sensor 820 continues to decrease, that is, the cooling capacity generated by the frozen soil subgrade ventilation and cooling system is greater than the cooling demand of the frozen soil subgrade. The frozen soil subgrade ventilation and cooling system can control the fan 200 to operate at a speed of reducing the rotation speed by 10% per hour, so as to adjust the pressure difference between the upper end of the first ventilation pipe 110 and the end of the second ventilation pipe 120 passing through the frozen soil subgrade, and avoid waste of energy.

[0081] Referring to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 5As shown, it can be understood that a heating grid 520 and a resistivity probe 510 are provided at the end of the second ventilation pipe 120 passing through the frozen soil subgrade. That is, the heating grid 520 and the resistivity probe 510 are respectively provided at the left and right pipe openings of the second ventilation pipe 120. The resistivity probe 510 can be buried in the shallow layer of the soil near the outside of the pipe opening. The resistivity probe 510 is used to detect whether snow accumulation exists at the pipe opening of the second ventilation pipe 120, and the heating grid 520 is connected to the cross-section of the pipe opening of the second ventilation pipe 120. This frozen soil subgrade ventilation and refrigeration system further includes a controller, and both the heating grid 520 and the resistivity probe 510 are electrically connected to the controller.

[0082] Referring to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, this control method further includes the following steps: S500, when the resistivity value of the resistivity probe 510 reaches the second preset value, the heating grid 520 can be controlled to heat up, so as to melt the snow accumulation at the pipe opening of the second ventilation pipe 120.

[0083] Referring to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, in step S500, after this control method recognizes the change in the resistivity value caused by the ice-water mixture filling the soil pores generated by snowfall according to the resistivity probe 510 buried in the shallow layer of the soil near the pipe opening of the second ventilation pipe 120, and when the resistivity value is greater than or equal to the second preset value, this control method can deliver the power of the storage battery to the heating grid 520 at the pipe opening of the second ventilation pipe 120, that is, control the heating grid 520 to operate, and through the heating of the heating grid 520, the snow accumulation at the pipe opening of the second ventilation pipe 120 is melted.

[0084] The above has described the embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention within the knowledge scope of those of ordinary skill in the art.

Claims

1. Frozen soil roadbed ventilation and refrigeration system, applied to frozen soil roadbed, characterized in that: include: A ventilation assembly (100) comprises a first ventilation pipe (110) and a second ventilation pipe (120) which are connected to each other, wherein two ends of the first ventilation pipe (110) are arranged in an up-down direction, the lower end of the first ventilation pipe (110) is penetrated through the frozen soil roadbed and is connected to the second ventilation pipe (120), the upper end of the first ventilation pipe (110) is penetrated through the frozen soil roadbed, and the end of the second ventilation pipe (120) away from the first ventilation pipe (110) is penetrated through the side wall of the frozen soil roadbed; A fan (200) is connected to the upper end of the first ventilation pipe (110) and / or the end of the second ventilation pipe (120) passing through the frozen soil roadbed, and the fan (200) is configured to adjust the pressure difference between the upper end of the first ventilation pipe (110) and the end of the second ventilation pipe (120) passing through the frozen soil roadbed.

2. The frozen soil roadbed ventilation and refrigeration system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The two ends of the second ventilation pipe (120) are arranged in the left-right direction, the middle part of the second ventilation pipe (120) is connected to the lower end of the first ventilation pipe (110), the two ends of the second ventilation pipe (120) respectively pass through the two side walls facing away from the frozen soil roadbed, and the fan (200) is connected to the upper end of the first ventilation pipe (110).

3. The frozen soil roadbed ventilation and refrigeration system according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The invention also comprises a bellows (300), wherein an air outlet cavity is provided in the bellows (300), the bellows (300) is connected to the upper end of the first ventilation pipe (110), and the air outlet cavity is communicated with the first ventilation pipe (110), the bellows (300) has a plurality of first air outlets (310) communicated with the air outlet cavity, a plurality of fans (200) are provided, the fans (200) are opposite to the first air outlets (310) one by one, and the fans (200) are connected to the bellows (300).

4. The frozen soil roadbed ventilation and refrigeration system according to claim 3 is characterized in that: It also includes a hood (420) and a plurality of connecting columns (410), wherein the first air outlet (310) is arranged on the peripheral wall of the bellows (300), a second air outlet (320) is opened at the upper end of the bellows (300), the hood (420) is located above the second air outlet (320), and the upper and lower ends of the connecting columns (410) are respectively connected to the hood (420) and the bellows (300).

5. The frozen soil roadbed ventilation and refrigeration system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A heating network (520) and a resistivity probe (510) are provided at the end of the second ventilation pipe (120) passing through the frozen soil roadbed. The resistivity probe (510) is used to detect whether the pipe opening of the second ventilation pipe (120) is covered with snow. The heating network (520) is connected to the pipe opening section of the second ventilation pipe (120) to melt the snow at the pipe opening of the second ventilation pipe (120).

6. The frozen soil roadbed ventilation and refrigeration system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an energy collector, a plurality of transmission rods (610), a plurality of buffer springs (630), and two kinetic energy recovery plates (620) arranged in an upper and lower manner. The plurality of buffer springs (630) are arranged at intervals along the plane direction of the kinetic energy recovery plate (620), and the two ends of the buffer spring (630) are respectively connected to the two kinetic energy recovery plates (620). The transmission rod (610), the buffer spring (630) and the kinetic energy recovery plate (620) are all built into the frozen soil roadbed. The upper end of the transmission rod (610) is connected to the surface layer of the frozen soil roadbed, and the lower end of the transmission rod (610) is connected to the end face of the kinetic energy recovery plate (620). The energy collector is used to collect the compression work of the buffer spring (630).

7. The frozen soil roadbed ventilation and refrigeration system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention also includes a lifting drive, a driven gear (720), a driving gear (710), a transmission shaft (730) and a generator (740), wherein the driving gear (710) is axially connected to the fan (200), and two ends of the transmission shaft (730) are respectively connected to the driven gear (720) and the generator (740), and the lifting drive is configured to drive the driven gear (720) to engage with or disengage from the driving gear (710).

8. A control method, characterized in that: A frozen soil roadbed ventilation and refrigeration system applied to any one of the embodiments of claims 1 to 7; the control method comprises: Determining whether the refrigeration capacity of the ventilation assembly (100) can meet the refrigeration demand of the frozen soil roadbed; When the cooling capacity is less than the cooling demand, the fan (200) is controlled to operate so as to adjust the pressure difference between the upper end of the first ventilation pipe (110) and the end of the second ventilation pipe (120) passing through the frozen soil roadbed.

9. The control method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The frozen soil roadbed ventilation and refrigeration system further comprises a temperature sensor (810) and a moisture sensor (820), wherein the temperature sensor (810) and the moisture sensor (820) are respectively used to detect the temperature and unfrozen water content of the soil layer at the lower end of the second ventilation pipe (120); When the cooling capacity is less than the cooling demand, the fan (200) is controlled to operate so as to adjust the pressure difference between the upper end of the first ventilation pipe (110) and the end of the second ventilation pipe (120) passing through the frozen soil roadbed, comprising: When the detection value of the temperature sensor (810) is greater than the first preset value within the first preset time, and the detection value of the moisture sensor (820) continues to increase, it is determined that the refrigeration capacity is less than the refrigeration demand; Obtaining the rotation speed of the fan (200), and controlling the fan (200) to operate at a speed that increases the rotation speed by 20 percent per hour; The speed increase of the fan (200) is stopped until the detection value of the temperature sensor (810) is less than or equal to the first preset value within a second preset time and the detection value of the moisture sensor (820) stops increasing.

10. The control method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The control method further comprises: When the detection value of the temperature sensor (810) is less than or equal to the first preset value and continues to decrease within a third preset time, and the detection value of the moisture sensor (820) continues to decrease, the fan (200) is controlled to operate at a speed that reduces the rotation speed by 10 percent per hour; Until the detection value of the temperature sensor (810) is less than or equal to the first preset value and stops decreasing within the second preset time, and the detection value of the moisture sensor (820) stops decreasing, the deceleration of the fan (200) is stopped.

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