Seawall ecological slope protection structure and construction method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of seawall slope protection, in particular to a seawall ecological slope protection structure and a construction method.The construction method comprises the steps that surface images of a block stone area at different moments are obtained, the pore fluctuation characterization value of the block stone area is determined, a block stone settlement risk area is screened, and a precast concrete fence board is pre-poured; knocking the precast concrete fence board which is pre-poured in the block stone settlement risk area to obtain a vibration strength fluctuation curve of a plurality of points on the precast concrete fence board, determining a bonding characterization factor of the precast concrete fence board according to the vibration strength fluctuation curve, and judging the bonding abnormal tendency category of the precast concrete fence board. According to the technical scheme, the adjusting mode for pouring the prefabricated concrete fence plate is selected, then the settlement risk of the block stone cushion layer is monitored in time in the construction process, the follow-up construction process is adaptively adjusted, and the structural stability of the seawall ecological slope protection is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of seawall slope protection, and in particular to a seawall ecological slope protection structure and a construction method. Background Art

[0002] Seawalls are important engineering facilities for coastal areas to resist marine disasters such as storm surges and wave erosion, and seawall slope protection is an important part of the seawall, which can protect the main structure of the seawall from direct scouring and erosion by waves. Slope seawalls are widely used as a key line of defense to resist marine disasters and protect land safety. With its gentle slope and small wave reflection, it can effectively reduce wave energy and ensure the stability of the area behind the embankment. In the construction of seawall ecological slope protection, the construction quality of the outer slope protection plays a key role in the stability and durability of the entire slope protection structure. The block stone cushion layer is the basic part of the slope protection structure. Its function is to evenly disperse the load transmitted from the upper structure and enhance the anti-scouring ability of the slope protection. However, during construction, the local settlement of the block stone cushion layer is difficult to avoid. The local settlement of the block stone cushion layer will directly affect the casting effect of the preset fence board on the slope protection surface, thereby affecting the structural stability of the seawall ecological slope protection. Therefore, monitoring the settlement of the block stone cushion layer, timely adjusting the subsequent construction, and improving the structural stability of the seawall ecological slope protection are technical problems that need to be solved.

[0003] For example, the Chinese patent authorization announcement number is: CN116791520B, which discloses an ecological seawall slope protection structure and construction method, including a main body, a water inlet channel is opened at the bottom of one end of the main body, and the middle part of the other end of the main body is connected to a partition component by a threaded structure, and the partition component is slidably sleeved on the cross bar at the end away from the main body, and the ends of the cross bar are respectively sleeved on the support extension and the fixed seat; a wave-breaking plate is hinged on the top of the side of the main body close to the water inlet channel, and a support component is hinged on one side of the wave-breaking plate, and the end of the support component away from the wave-breaking plate is slidably connected to the main body, and the main body can be assembled by splicing, which can be used for seawalls of different lengths; the partition component with adjustable length can divide the surface area of ​​the seawall, and the seawater rushed into the water inlet channel. The impact force of the seawater passes through the one-way valve, drives the air inside the water inlet channel to flow, and then drives the piston in the buffer channel to move.

[0004] The prior art still has the following problems:

[0005] The existing technology does not take into account that during actual construction, local settlement of the block stone cushion layer is difficult to completely avoid, and the local settlement phenomenon will affect the pouring effect of the slope protection surface. During the construction process, the existing technology cannot timely monitor the settlement risk of the block stone cushion layer, and cannot adaptively adjust the subsequent construction process, which affects the structural stability of the seawall ecological slope protection. Summary of the invention

[0006] To this end, the present invention provides a seawall ecological slope protection structure and construction method to overcome the problem that the prior art cannot timely monitor the settlement risk of the block stone cushion layer during the construction process, cannot adaptively adjust the subsequent construction process, and affects the structural stability of the seawall ecological slope protection.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a seawall ecological slope protection construction method, comprising:

[0008] Non-woven geotextiles, bidirectional geogrids and block stone cushions are laid in the area where the seawall ecological slope protection is to be built;

[0009] The block stone cushion layer is divided into a plurality of block stone areas, surface images of the block stone areas at different times are obtained within a preset image acquisition period, pore fluctuation characterization values ​​of the block stone areas are determined based on the surface images at different times, and block stone settlement risk areas are screened according to the pore fluctuation characterization values;

[0010] placing a plurality of precast concrete fence panels at staggered joints on the block stone cushion layer and pre-casting them;

[0011] The precast concrete fence panels that have been precast in the rock settlement risk area are tapped to obtain vibration intensity fluctuation curves of several points on the precast concrete fence panels, and the bonding characterization factors of the precast concrete fence panels are determined according to the several vibration intensity fluctuation curves, and the bonding abnormality tendency category of the precast concrete fence panels is determined according to the bonding characterization factors;

[0012] Selecting an adjustment method for pouring the precast concrete fence panels in the rock block settlement risk area according to the abnormal bonding tendency category, wherein the adjustment method is to determine the bonding shedding coefficient of the precast concrete fence panels based on the vibration intensity fluctuation curve, and to determine the vibration frequency when pouring the precast concrete fence panels according to the bonding shedding coefficient;

[0013] Alternatively, a settlement coefficient is determined based on a vibration intensity fluctuation curve of the precast concrete fence panels, and a pouring sequence of the precast concrete fence panels is determined according to the settlement coefficient.

[0014] Further, determining the pore fluctuation characterization value of the block stone area includes:

[0015] Surface images at several moments within a preset image acquisition period are acquired, the absolute values ​​of the differences in pore areas between surface images at adjacent moments are calculated, and the variance of the absolute values ​​of the differences is determined as the pore fluctuation characterization value.

[0016] Further, the risk areas of rock subsidence are screened to include:

[0017] If the pore fluctuation characterization value meets the settlement risk determination condition, the block stone area is screened as a block stone settlement risk area;

[0018] The settlement risk determination condition is that the pore fluctuation characterization value exceeds a preset pore fluctuation reference value.

[0019] Further, determining the bonding characterization factor of the precast concrete fence panel includes:

[0020] The overlap between the vibration intensity fluctuation curve of each point on the precast concrete fence plate and the vibration intensity fluctuation curve of the remaining points is calculated respectively, and the variance of the overlap is determined as the bonding characterization factor of the precast concrete fence plate;

[0021] The rectangular coordinate system where the vibration intensity fluctuation curve is located has time as the horizontal axis and vibration intensity as the vertical axis.

[0022] Further, the process of determining the bonding abnormality tendency category of the precast concrete fence panel includes:

[0023] If the bonding characterization factor of the precast concrete fence panel meets the first bonding tendency determination condition, then determining that the bonding abnormality tendency category of the precast concrete fence panel is the first bonding tendency category;

[0024] If the bonding characterization factor of the precast concrete fence panel does not meet the first bonding tendency determination condition, the bonding abnormality tendency category of the precast concrete fence panel is determined to be the second bonding tendency category;

[0025] The first bonding tendency determination condition is that the bonding characterization factor does not exceed a preset bonding characterization factor reference value.

[0026] Further, the selected adjustment method for pouring the precast concrete fence panel includes:

[0027] If the abnormal bonding tendency category is the first bonding tendency category, determining the bonding shedding coefficient of the precast concrete fence panel based on the vibration intensity fluctuation curve, and determining the vibration frequency when pouring the precast concrete fence panel according to the bonding shedding coefficient;

[0028] If the abnormal bonding tendency category is the second bonding tendency category, the settlement coefficient is determined based on the vibration intensity fluctuation curve of the precast concrete fence panels, and the casting order of each precast concrete fence panel is determined according to the settlement coefficient.

[0029] Furthermore, the process of determining the bonding coefficient and the vibration frequency of the precast concrete fence panel includes:

[0030] Obtain the vibration intensity value corresponding to each data point on the vibration intensity fluctuation curve, mark the time corresponding to the first data point whose vibration intensity value does not exceed the preset vibration intensity reference value on the horizontal axis of the rectangular coordinate system, and determine the duration composed of the time and the initial acquisition time of the vibration intensity fluctuation curve as the bonding shedding factor;

[0031] Obtaining bonding shedding factors corresponding to vibration intensity fluctuation curves of several points on the precast concrete fence plate, and determining an average value of the bonding shedding factors as the bonding shedding coefficient of the precast concrete fence plate;

[0032] Among them, the vibration frequency is positively correlated with the bonding shedding coefficient.

[0033] Further, determining the sedimentation coefficient includes,

[0034] Calculating the difference between the vibration intensity value at each peak on the vibration intensity fluctuation curve and the vibration intensity value at the trough adjacent to the peak, and determining the maximum value of the difference as the sedimentation factor of the vibration intensity fluctuation curve;

[0035] The settlement factors corresponding to the vibration intensity fluctuation curves of several points on the precast concrete fence plate are obtained, and the average settlement factor is determined as the settlement coefficient of the precast concrete fence plate.

[0036] Furthermore, the order in which the precast concrete fence panels are cast successively is consistent with the order in which the settlement coefficients of the precast concrete fence panels are from large to small.

[0037] The present invention also provides a seawall ecological slope protection structure, comprising:

[0038] External slope protection, which includes non-woven geotextiles to separate soil and cushion materials, bidirectional geogrids to distribute loads, block stone cushions for drainage, and precast concrete fence panels to withstand wave impacts;

[0039] The wave-breaking wall is arranged on the upper part of the outer slope protection surface to prevent waves from impacting the embankment.

[0040] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention lies in that the present invention lays non-woven geotextiles, bidirectional geogrids, and block stone cushion layers in the area where the seawall ecological slope protection is to be constructed, divides the block stone cushion layer into a plurality of block stone areas, obtains surface images of the block stone area at different times within a preset image acquisition period, determines the pore fluctuation characterization value of the block stone area based on the surface images at different times, so as to screen the block stone settlement risk area, places a plurality of precast concrete fence panels on the block stone cushion layer with staggered seams, precasts the precast concrete fence panels, and completes the precast settlement in the block stone settlement risk area. The poured precast concrete fence panels are knocked to obtain the vibration intensity fluctuation curves of several points on the precast concrete fence panels within the preset collection period, the bonding characterization factors of the precast concrete fence panels are determined according to the several vibration intensity fluctuation curves, the bonding abnormality tendency category of the precast concrete fence panels is determined according to the bonding characterization factors, and the adjustment method for pouring the precast concrete fence panels is selected according to the bonding abnormality tendency category. Therefore, in the construction process, the settlement risk of the block stone cushion layer is monitored in time, and the subsequent construction process is adaptively adjusted to improve the structural stability of the seawall ecological slope protection.

[0041] In particular, the present invention determines the pore fluctuation characterization value of the block stone area through the surface images at different times to screen the block stone settlement risk area. It can be understood that by analyzing the images at different times within the preset image acquisition period, the pore changes of the block stone cushion layer can be obtained in real time, and the pore fluctuation information can be captured in time to provide a basis for taking timely measures. There is no need to directly contact the block stone cushion layer, which avoids damage and interference to the cushion layer structure. The absolute value of the difference in pore area between the surface images at adjacent times is calculated within the preset image acquisition period to reflect the actual change of the pores in the block stone area. The change in pore area is closely related to the settlement and movement of the stone blocks. At the same time, the settlement risk area is screened based on the comparison between the pore fluctuation characterization value and the preset pore fluctuation reference value. It can issue an early warning before the stone block settlement develops to a serious level, thereby avoiding serious consequences such as tilting, cracking and even collapse of the wave-breaking wall caused by the stone block settlement. The present invention determines the pore fluctuation characterization value of the stone block area through surface images at different times to screen the stone block settlement risk area, thereby realizing timely monitoring of the settlement risk of the stone block cushion layer during the construction process and improving the structural stability of the seawall ecological slope protection.

[0042] In particular, the present invention pre-casts precast concrete fence panels, knocks on the precast concrete fence panels that have been pre-cast in the block stone settlement risk area, and obtains several vibration intensity fluctuation curves. It can be understood that pre-casting is convenient for discovering and solving possible quality problems in advance, thereby ensuring the flatness of the precast concrete fence panels and improving the overall project quality. The knocking operation is performed in the block stone settlement risk area to obtain the vibration intensity fluctuation curve. The vibration characteristics can be used to characterize whether there is a detachment phenomenon in the casting and bonding between the precast concrete fence panels and the block stone cushion layer. The vibration intensity fluctuation of the fence panels under the action of knocking will vary depending on the bonding state. By analyzing the changes in vibration intensity, it can be determined whether there is an abnormality in the bonding, providing a basis for subsequent construction adjustments. By selecting several points on the precast concrete fence panels to obtain the vibration intensity fluctuation curve, a more comprehensive detection of the bonding condition can be performed, which improves the detection efficiency and helps to timely discover construction hazards. Furthermore, it is achieved that during the construction process, the casting and bonding conditions between the components are timely monitored to improve the structural stability of the seawall ecological slope protection.

[0043] In particular, the present invention determines the bonding characterization factor of the precast concrete fence panel through a number of vibration intensity fluctuation curves to determine the bonding abnormality tendency category of the precast concrete fence panel. It can be understood that calculating the overlap variance of the vibration intensity fluctuation curve as the bonding characterization factor can quantitatively reflect the consistency of the vibration characteristics of each point on the precast concrete fence panel, and can be identified shortly after the precast concrete fence panel is cast, so as to facilitate timely measures to deal with it and avoid exposing the problem after the seawall is put into use, thereby achieving early warning and ensuring the long-term stability and safety of the seawall ecological slope protection project. The adjustment method for casting the precast concrete fence panel is selected according to the bonding abnormality tendency category, which can optimize the construction process, make the installation and casting of the fence panel more scientific and reasonable, and further ensure the quality of the project. Furthermore, it is realized that during the construction process, the casting and bonding conditions between the components are monitored in time to improve the structural stability of the seawall ecological slope protection.

[0044] In particular, the present invention determines the bonding and shedding coefficient of the precast concrete fence panel based on the vibration intensity fluctuation curve under the condition of the first bonding tendency category, so as to determine the vibration frequency when the precast concrete fence panel is poured. It can be understood that the first bonding tendency category indicates that the state of the precast concrete fence panel as a whole during the pouring process is relatively uniform, but there is still a settlement risk in the block stone cushion layer area. Reasonable adjustment of the vibration frequency according to the bonding and shedding coefficient can enable the concrete to achieve the best dense state at different fence panel positions, which helps the concrete to better fill the gap between the fence panel and the block stone cushion layer, increase the bonding area and bonding force between the two, and when the concrete is dense and fully fills the gap, it can effectively transfer the load, improve the overall structural stability of the seawall ecological slope protection, and reduce the risk of loosening or falling of the fence panel due to poor bonding. Furthermore, it is achieved that during the construction process, the settlement risk of the block stone cushion layer is monitored in time, and the subsequent construction process is adaptively adjusted to improve the structural stability of the seawall ecological slope protection.

[0045] In particular, under the condition of the second bonding tendency category, the present invention determines the settlement coefficient based on the vibration intensity fluctuation curve of the precast concrete fence panels to determine the casting order of each precast concrete fence panel. It can be understood that the second bonding tendency category indicates that the casting states of different areas of the precast concrete fence panels are different during the casting process. The settlement coefficient can characterize the peak characteristics of the vibration intensity fluctuation curve on the precast concrete fence panels. By analyzing the peak characteristics to determine the casting order, the fence panels in different conditions can be constructed in a targeted manner, and the fence panels in complex conditions can be dealt with first, so that key issues can be solved in the early stage of construction. Key problems can be solved to avoid the construction progress being hindered due to the accumulation of problems in the later stage. A reasonable pouring sequence can reduce the number of repeated work and adjustments during the construction process and improve the overall construction efficiency. At the same time, a reasonable arrangement of the pouring sequence according to the vibration characteristics of the fence panels can help the concrete better adapt to the stress and deformation of different fence panels during the pouring process. For fence panels with large settlement and special vibration characteristics, they are poured and fixed first, and these areas can be strengthened and adjusted in the early stage, so that the subsequently poured fence panels can work better with the already poured parts, thereby enhancing the structural integrity and stability of the seawall ecological slope protection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] Figure 1 A step diagram of a method for constructing a seawall ecological slope protection according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 2 A logic flow chart for screening rock subsidence risk areas according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 3 A logic flow chart for determining the abnormal bonding tendency category of a precast concrete fence panel according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 4 A logic flow chart for selecting an adjustment method for pouring a precast concrete fence panel for an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] In order to make the objects and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with embodiments; it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0051] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are only used to explain the technical principles of the present invention and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0052] It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, terms such as "upper", "lower", "inside" and "outside" indicating directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings. This is only for the convenience of description and does not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0053] In addition, it should be noted that in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0054] See also Figure 1 As shown, it is a step diagram of a seawall ecological slope protection construction method according to an embodiment of the present invention. A seawall ecological slope protection construction method according to the present invention comprises:

[0055] Step S100, laying non-woven geotextile, bidirectional geogrid, and block stone cushion layer in the area where the seawall ecological slope protection is to be constructed;

[0056] Step S200, dividing the block stone cushion layer into a plurality of block stone areas, acquiring surface images of the block stone areas at different times within a preset image acquisition period, determining pore fluctuation characterization values ​​of the block stone areas based on the surface images at different times, and screening block stone settlement risk areas according to the pore fluctuation characterization values;

[0057] Specifically, the gravel area can be divided by technicians in this field according to the specific size of the precast concrete fence panels on the outer slope protection surface. Preferably, when the specific size of the precast concrete fence panels is 2m×1.5m, the gravel area can include 6 precast concrete fence panels.

[0058] Specifically, the preset image acquisition period can be set by technical personnel in this field according to the construction accuracy requirements of the seawall ecological slope protection. The higher the accuracy requirement, the longer the preset image acquisition period. The value range of the preset image acquisition period can be [3, 8], and the interval unit is h. Preferably, the preset image acquisition period can be 4 hours after the stone cushion layer is laid.

[0059] Step S300, placing a plurality of prefabricated concrete fence panels on the block stone cushion layer with staggered joints and pre-casting;

[0060] Specifically, precast concrete fence panels are prefabricated in a factory or prefabrication yard outside the construction site and transported to the construction site for installation. The production process usually uses steel molds and mechanical vibration to ensure the compactness of the concrete. The production efficiency is high and the quality is easy to control. It is widely used in the construction of seawall ecological slope protection and will not be elaborated here.

[0061] Specifically, staggered placement means that when laying precast concrete fence panels, the joints of adjacent fence panels in the horizontal direction are staggered and not on the same straight line, so that the connection between the fence panels is tighter and the force transmission is more uniform, thereby enhancing the stability of the entire structure. It will not be elaborated here.

[0062] Step S400, knocking the precast concrete fence panels that have been precast in the rock settlement risk area to obtain vibration intensity fluctuation curves of several points on the precast concrete fence panels, determining the bonding characterization factor of the precast concrete fence panels according to the several vibration intensity fluctuation curves, and determining the bonding abnormality tendency category of the precast concrete fence panels according to the bonding characterization factor;

[0063] Specifically, the precast concrete fence panel can be set with 5 points to obtain the vibration intensity fluctuation curve, which can be set at the center position and edge position of the precast concrete fence panel.

[0064] Specifically, the present invention pre-casts precast concrete fence panels, knocks on the precast concrete fence panels that have been pre-cast in the block stone settlement risk area, and obtains several vibration intensity fluctuation curves. It can be understood that pre-casting is convenient for discovering and solving possible quality problems in advance, thereby ensuring the flatness of the precast concrete fence panels and improving the overall project quality. The knocking operation is performed in the block stone settlement risk area to obtain the vibration intensity fluctuation curve. The vibration characteristics can be used to characterize whether there is a detachment phenomenon in the casting and bonding between the precast concrete fence panels and the block stone cushion layer. The vibration intensity fluctuation of the fence panels under the action of knocking will vary depending on the bonding state. By analyzing the changes in vibration intensity, it can be determined whether there is an abnormality in the bonding, providing a basis for subsequent construction adjustments. By selecting several points on the precast concrete fence panels to obtain the vibration intensity fluctuation curve, a more comprehensive detection of the bonding condition can be performed, which improves the detection efficiency and helps to timely discover construction hazards. Furthermore, it is achieved that during the construction process, the casting and bonding conditions between the components are timely monitored to improve the structural stability of the seawall ecological slope protection.

[0065] Step S500, selecting an adjustment method for pouring the precast concrete fence panels in the rock block settlement risk area according to the abnormal bonding tendency category;

[0066] Wherein, the adjustment method is to determine the bonding shedding coefficient of the precast concrete fence panel based on the vibration intensity fluctuation curve, and determine the vibration frequency when pouring the precast concrete fence panel according to the bonding shedding coefficient;

[0067] Alternatively, a settlement coefficient is determined based on a vibration intensity fluctuation curve of the precast concrete fence panels, and a pouring sequence of the precast concrete fence panels is determined according to the settlement coefficient.

[0068] Specifically, determining the pore fluctuation characterization value of the block stone area includes:

[0069] Surface images at several moments within a preset image acquisition period are acquired, the absolute values ​​of the differences in pore areas between surface images at adjacent moments are calculated, and the variance of the absolute values ​​of the differences is determined as the pore fluctuation characterization value.

[0070] Specifically, the interval between adjacent moments in the preset image acquisition period can be 30 minutes. The surface image can be obtained by an industrial camera, and the pore area of ​​the surface image can be obtained using an edge algorithm to determine the pore fluctuation characterization value, which will not be repeated here.

[0071] Specifically, see Figure 2 As shown, it is a logic flow chart of screening the rock settlement risk area according to an embodiment of the present invention. Screening the rock settlement risk area includes:

[0072] If the pore fluctuation characterization value meets the settlement risk determination condition, the block stone area is screened as a block stone settlement risk area;

[0073] If the pore fluctuation characterization value does not meet the settlement risk determination condition, the block stone area will not be screened;

[0074] The settlement risk determination condition is that the pore fluctuation characterization value exceeds a preset pore fluctuation reference value.

[0075] Specifically, the preset pore fluctuation reference value can be set by technical personnel in this field according to the construction accuracy requirements of the seawall ecological slope protection. The higher the accuracy requirement, the smaller the preset pore fluctuation reference value. The value range of the pore fluctuation reference value can be [0.3, 0.7]. Preferably, the pore fluctuation reference value can be 0.5.

[0076] Specifically, it is understandable that when the stone blocks settle, the relative positions between the stone blocks will change. This position change will cause the pore size between the stone blocks to change. In areas with large pore changes, the contact points between the stone blocks are reduced, and local stress concentration will cause uneven force on the fence boards in these areas. During the construction process, if there are dynamic changes in the pores on the surface of the stone cushion layer, it will be difficult to ensure consistent filling effects of concrete in various parts when pouring the fence boards, which will cause the fence boards to have uneven surfaces during the pouring process. Using image processing technology, the pores in the image can be identified and analyzed, and the pore area can be calculated. The absolute value of the difference in the pore area of ​​the images at adjacent moments can be obtained, which can quantify the change in pore area during this period of time. The degree of pore fluctuation and the variance of the absolute value of each difference can be calculated to characterize the dynamic fluctuation of the pores on the surface of the block stone cushion layer. If the pore fluctuation characterization value of the block stone area is large, that is, the pore area has undergone significant fluctuations within the preset image acquisition period, which indicates that the blocks in this area have undergone more frequent settlement or movement. The pore area may have slight changes caused by slight disturbances, image acquisition errors, etc. Therefore, by setting a preset pore fluctuation reference value and comparing the pore fluctuation characterization value with it, if the pore fluctuation characterization value exceeds the preset value, it means that the pore area change exceeds the normal range, and there is a greater risk of block stone settlement in the block stone area. Furthermore, the settlement risk of the block stone cushion layer can be monitored in time during the construction process, thereby improving the structural stability of the seawall ecological slope protection.

[0077] Specifically, the present invention determines the pore fluctuation characterization value of the block stone area through the surface images at different times to screen the block stone settlement risk area. It can be understood that by analyzing the images at different times within the preset image acquisition period, the pore changes of the block stone cushion layer can be obtained in real time, and the pore fluctuation information can be captured in time to provide a basis for taking timely measures. There is no need to directly contact the block stone cushion layer, which avoids damage and interference to the cushion layer structure. The absolute value of the difference in pore area between the surface images at adjacent times is calculated within the preset image acquisition period to reflect the actual changes in the pores in the block stone area. The change of pore area is closely related to the settlement and movement of the block stone. At the same time, the settlement risk area is screened according to the comparison between the pore fluctuation characterization value and the preset pore fluctuation reference value. It can issue an early warning before the block stone settlement has developed to a serious degree, so as to avoid serious consequences such as tilting, cracking and even collapse of the wave-breaking wall caused by the block stone settlement. The present invention determines the pore fluctuation characterization value of the block stone area through the surface images at different times to screen the block stone settlement risk area, thereby realizing the timely monitoring of the settlement risk of the block stone cushion layer during the construction process and improving the structural stability of the seawall ecological slope protection.

[0078] Specifically, determining the bonding characterization factor of the precast concrete fence panel includes:

[0079] The overlap between the vibration intensity fluctuation curve of each point on the precast concrete fence plate and the vibration intensity fluctuation curve of the remaining points is calculated respectively, and the variance of the overlap is determined as the bonding characterization factor of the precast concrete fence plate;

[0080] The rectangular coordinate system where the vibration intensity fluctuation curve is located has time as the horizontal axis and vibration intensity as the vertical axis.

[0081] Specifically, the vibration intensity fluctuation curve can be obtained by a vibration sensor, and the microprocessor is used to obtain the overlap between the vibration intensity fluctuation curve of each point and the vibration intensity fluctuation curve of the remaining points, so as to determine the bonding characterization factor, which will not be repeated here.

[0082] Specifically, see Figure 3 As shown, it is a logic flow chart for determining the abnormal bonding tendency category of the precast concrete fence panels according to an embodiment of the present invention. The process of determining the abnormal bonding tendency category of the precast concrete fence panels includes:

[0083] If the bonding characterization factor of the precast concrete fence panel meets the first bonding tendency determination condition, then determining that the bonding abnormality tendency category of the precast concrete fence panel is the first bonding tendency category;

[0084] If the bonding characterization factor of the precast concrete fence panel does not meet the first bonding tendency determination condition, the bonding abnormality tendency category of the precast concrete fence panel is determined to be the second bonding tendency category;

[0085] The first bonding tendency determination condition is that the bonding characterization factor does not exceed a preset bonding characterization factor reference value.

[0086] Specifically, the preset reference value of the bonding characterization factor can be set by technical personnel in this field according to the construction accuracy requirements of the seawall ecological slope protection. The higher the accuracy requirement, the smaller the preset reference value of the bonding characterization factor. The value range of the reference value of the bonding characterization factor can be [0.2, 0.5]. Preferably, the reference value of the bonding characterization factor can be 0.3.

[0087] Specifically, the present invention determines the bonding characterization factor of the precast concrete fence panel through a number of vibration intensity fluctuation curves to determine the bonding abnormality tendency category of the precast concrete fence panel. It can be understood that calculating the overlap variance of the vibration intensity fluctuation curve as the bonding characterization factor can quantitatively reflect the consistency of the vibration characteristics of each point on the precast concrete fence panel, and can be identified shortly after the precast concrete fence panel is cast, so as to facilitate timely measures to deal with it and avoid exposing the problem after the seawall is put into use, thereby achieving early warning and ensuring the long-term stability and safety of the seawall ecological slope protection project. The adjustment method for casting the precast concrete fence panel is selected according to the bonding abnormality tendency category, which can optimize the construction process, make the installation and casting of the fence panel more scientific and reasonable, and further ensure the quality of the project. Furthermore, it is realized that during the construction process, the casting and bonding conditions between the components are monitored in time to improve the structural stability of the seawall ecological slope protection.

[0088] Specifically, see Figure 4 As shown, it is a logic flow chart of selecting an adjustment method for pouring a precast concrete fence panel according to an embodiment of the present invention. The selected adjustment method for pouring a precast concrete fence panel includes:

[0089] If the abnormal bonding tendency category is the first bonding tendency category, determining the bonding shedding coefficient of the precast concrete fence panel based on the vibration intensity fluctuation curve, and determining the vibration frequency when pouring the precast concrete fence panel according to the bonding shedding coefficient;

[0090] Specifically, under the condition of the first bonding tendency category, the present invention determines the bonding and shedding coefficient of the precast concrete fence panel based on the vibration intensity fluctuation curve to determine the vibration frequency when the precast concrete fence panel is poured. It can be understood that the first bonding tendency category indicates that the state of the precast concrete fence panel as a whole during the pouring process is relatively uniform, but there is still a settlement risk in the block stone cushion layer area. Reasonable adjustment of the vibration frequency according to the bonding and shedding coefficient can enable the concrete to achieve the best dense state at different fence panel positions, which helps the concrete to better fill the gap between the fence panel and the block stone cushion layer, increase the bonding area and bonding force between the two, and when the concrete is dense and fully fills the gap, it can effectively transfer the load, improve the overall structural stability of the seawall ecological slope protection, and reduce the risk of loosening or falling of the fence panel due to poor bonding. Furthermore, it is achieved that during the construction process, the settlement risk of the block stone cushion layer is monitored in time, and the subsequent construction process is adaptively adjusted to improve the structural stability of the seawall ecological slope protection.

[0091] If the abnormal bonding tendency category is the second bonding tendency category, the settlement coefficient is determined based on the vibration intensity fluctuation curve of the precast concrete fence panels, and the casting order of each precast concrete fence panel is determined according to the settlement coefficient.

[0092] Specifically, the present invention determines the settlement coefficient based on the vibration intensity fluctuation curve of the precast concrete fence panels under the second bonding tendency category condition to determine the casting order of each precast concrete fence panel. It can be understood that the second bonding tendency category indicates that the casting states of different areas of the precast concrete fence panels are different during the casting process. The settlement coefficient can characterize the peak characteristics of the vibration intensity fluctuation curve on the precast concrete fence panels. The casting order is determined by analyzing the peak characteristics, and the fence panels in different conditions can be constructed in a targeted manner. The fence panels in complex situations can be dealt with first, and can be solved centrally in the early stage of construction. The key issue is to avoid the construction progress being hindered due to the accumulation of problems in the later stage. A reasonable pouring sequence can reduce the number of repeated work and adjustments during the construction process and improve the overall construction efficiency. At the same time, a reasonable arrangement of the pouring sequence according to the vibration characteristics of the fence panels will help the concrete to better adapt to the stress and deformation of different fence panels during the pouring process. For fence panels with large settlement and special vibration characteristics, they will be poured and fixed first. These areas can be strengthened and adjusted in the early stage, so that the subsequently poured fence panels can work better with the already poured parts, thereby enhancing the structural integrity and stability of the seawall ecological slope protection.

[0093] Specifically, the process of determining the bonding coefficient and vibration frequency of the precast concrete fence panel includes:

[0094] Obtain the vibration intensity value corresponding to each data point on the vibration intensity fluctuation curve, mark the time corresponding to the first data point whose vibration intensity value does not exceed the preset vibration intensity reference value on the horizontal axis of the rectangular coordinate system, and determine the duration composed of the time and the initial acquisition time of the vibration intensity fluctuation curve as the bonding shedding factor;

[0095] Obtaining bonding shedding factors corresponding to vibration intensity fluctuation curves of several points on the precast concrete fence plate, and determining an average value of the bonding shedding factors as the bonding shedding coefficient of the precast concrete fence plate;

[0096] Among them, the vibration frequency is positively correlated with the bonding shedding coefficient.

[0097] Specifically, the initial collection time of the vibration intensity fluctuation curve is the time when the precast concrete fence panels that have been pre-cast in the rock settlement risk area are struck.

[0098] Specifically, the preset vibration intensity reference value can be set by a person skilled in the art based on the average value of several historical experimental data under the same working conditions. Preferably, the vibration intensity reference value can be 0.5 m / s 2 .

[0099] Specifically, it is understandable that the first bonding tendency category, that is, the vibration intensity fluctuation curves of several points on the fence board have a high degree of overlap, and the overall state of the precast concrete fence board during the pouring process is relatively uniform, but the block stone cushion area is still at risk of settlement, which will cause the gaps in local areas to vary in size, and some irregular spaces will be formed between the fence boards. When pouring concrete, the air in these spaces is difficult to completely discharge, and bubbles are easily formed and gathered at the interface between the fence board and the block stone cushion or inside the concrete, affecting the density and bonding effect of the concrete. Adjusting the vibration frequency will help to better discharge the bubbles in the concrete, make the concrete denser, enhance the bonding strength between the fence board and the block stone cushion, and improve the structure's impermeability. and stability. At the same time, during the vibration process, the concrete is fully filled into the gaps of the block stone cushion layer to increase friction and bite force, further improving the stability of the structure. The bonding shedding coefficient represents the vibration intensity attenuation rate of the vibration intensity fluctuation curve. The vibration intensity attenuation rate can reflect the density of concrete pouring. If the bonding shedding coefficient is large, it means that the vibration intensity attenuation rate is slow, indicating that the concrete filling is not dense enough, and the vibration frequency needs to be increased to further expel the air, make the concrete filling more sufficient, and enhance the bonding between the fence board and the block stone cushion layer. Furthermore, during the construction process, the settlement risk of the block stone cushion layer is monitored in time, and the subsequent construction process is adaptively adjusted to improve the structural stability of the seawall ecological slope protection.

[0100] Specifically, determining the sedimentation coefficient involves,

[0101] Calculating the difference between the vibration intensity value at each peak on the vibration intensity fluctuation curve and the vibration intensity value at the trough adjacent to the peak, and determining the maximum value of the difference as the sedimentation factor of the vibration intensity fluctuation curve;

[0102] The settlement factors corresponding to the vibration intensity fluctuation curves of several points on the precast concrete fence plate are obtained, and the average settlement factor is determined as the settlement coefficient of the precast concrete fence plate.

[0103] Specifically, the order in which the precast concrete fence panels are cast one after another is consistent with the order in which the settlement coefficients of the precast concrete fence panels are from large to small.

[0104] Exemplarily, a specific embodiment of determining the pouring order of each precast concrete fence panel is given here, and the settlement coefficients of each precast concrete fence panel in the block stone settlement risk area are obtained, namely, the settlement coefficient of precast concrete fence panel 1 is 0.8, the settlement coefficient of precast concrete fence panel 2 is 0.3, the settlement coefficient of precast concrete fence panel 3 is 0.6, the settlement coefficient of precast concrete fence panel 4 is 0.5, and the settlement coefficient of precast concrete fence panel 5 is 0.9. The order of the settlement coefficients in the numerical size dimension is 0.9, 0.8, 0.6, 0.5, and 0.3 from large to small. Therefore, the pouring order is precast concrete fence panel 5, precast concrete fence panel 1, precast concrete fence panel 3, precast concrete fence panel 4, and precast concrete fence panel 2.

[0105] Specifically, it is understandable that the second bonding tendency category, that is, the overlap of the vibration intensity fluctuation curves of several points on the fence board is low, and the precast concrete fence board as a whole is subjected to relatively inconsistent settlement of the stone cushion layer during the pouring process. It is difficult to improve its pouring effect and structural stability by simply adjusting the vibration frequency. When the difference between the vibration intensity values ​​of the wave crest and the adjacent wave trough is large, that is, the peak is sharp, it indicates that the vibration intensity of the precast concrete fence board changes dramatically after being subjected to knocking vibration, the settlement of the stone cushion layer underneath is uneven, and the local support between the fence board and the stone cushion layer is discontinuous. In this case, the fence board will have a larger free vibration space when vibrating, resulting in a sharper peak. Precast concrete fence panels with sharp peaks can give priority to areas with large settlement differences, avoiding the influence of these unstable areas on the stability of the overall structure during subsequent construction. If the peak is gentle, that is, the difference in vibration intensity between the peak and the adjacent trough is small, it indicates that the contact between the fence panel and the block stone cushion layer is relatively good, and the vibration propagation on the fence panel is relatively stable and uniform. The pouring sequence of such fence panels can be appropriately postponed, and efforts can be focused on solving areas with large settlement differences first, and then relatively stable areas can be poured. In this way, the settlement risk of the block stone cushion layer can be monitored in time during the construction process, and the subsequent construction process can be adaptively adjusted to improve the structural stability of the seawall ecological slope protection.

[0106] Specifically, the present invention also provides a seawall ecological slope protection structure, comprising:

[0107] External slope protection, which includes non-woven geotextiles to separate soil and cushion materials, bidirectional geogrids to distribute loads, block stone cushions for drainage, and precast concrete fence panels to withstand wave impacts;

[0108] The wave-breaking wall is arranged on the upper part of the outer slope protection surface to prevent waves from impacting the embankment.

[0109] Specifically, non-woven geotextile can be used as an isolation layer to prevent the soil and cushion materials from mixing, and is laid on the bottom layer. Geogrid is used to enhance the stability of the foundation and disperse the load, and is laid on the upper layer of non-woven geotextile. The stone cushion layer, as a drainage layer and support layer, is laid on the upper layer of the geogrid. Prefabricated fence panels are laid on the upper layer of the stone cushion layer, which will not be repeated here.

[0110] Specifically, the seawall ecological slope protection structure is a sloped seawall structure, the wave-breaking wall can be an L-shaped C35 reinforced concrete wave-breaking wall, the top elevation of the wave-breaking wall can be 6.67m, the specification of the precast concrete fence board can be 300mm thick C40, the thickness of the block stone cushion layer can be 300mm, and the specification of the non-woven geotextile can be one layer of 350g / cm 2 .

[0111] So far, the technical solutions of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that the protection scope of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principle of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make equivalent changes or substitutions to the relevant technical features, and the technical solutions after these changes or substitutions will fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0112] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A seawall ecological slope protection construction method, characterized in that: include: Non-woven geotextiles, bidirectional geogrids and block stone cushions are laid in the area where the seawall ecological slope protection is to be built; The block stone cushion layer is divided into a plurality of block stone areas, surface images of the block stone areas at different times are obtained within a preset image acquisition period, pore fluctuation characterization values ​​of the block stone areas are determined based on the surface images at different times, and block stone settlement risk areas are screened according to the pore fluctuation characterization values; placing a plurality of prefabricated concrete fence panels at staggered joints on the block stone cushion layer and pre-casting them; The precast concrete fence panels that have been precast in the rock settlement risk area are tapped to obtain vibration intensity fluctuation curves of several points on the precast concrete fence panels, and the bonding characterization factors of the precast concrete fence panels are determined according to the several vibration intensity fluctuation curves, and the bonding abnormality tendency category of the precast concrete fence panels is determined according to the bonding characterization factors; Selecting an adjustment method for pouring the precast concrete fence panels in the rock block settlement risk area according to the abnormal bonding tendency category, wherein the adjustment method is to determine the bonding shedding coefficient of the precast concrete fence panels based on the vibration intensity fluctuation curve, and to determine the vibration frequency when pouring the precast concrete fence panels according to the bonding shedding coefficient; Alternatively, a settlement coefficient is determined based on a vibration intensity fluctuation curve of the precast concrete fence panels, and a pouring sequence of the precast concrete fence panels is determined according to the settlement coefficient.

2. The method for constructing a seawall ecological slope protection according to claim 1, characterized in that: Determining the porosity fluctuation characterization value of the block stone area includes: Surface images at several moments within a preset image acquisition period are acquired, the absolute values ​​of the differences in pore areas between surface images at adjacent moments are calculated, and the variance of the absolute values ​​of the differences is determined as the pore fluctuation characterization value.

3. The method for constructing a seawall ecological slope protection according to claim 2, characterized in that: Screening rock subsidence risk areas include: If the pore fluctuation characterization value meets the settlement risk determination condition, the block stone area is screened as a block stone settlement risk area; The settlement risk determination condition is that the pore fluctuation characterization value exceeds a preset pore fluctuation reference value.

4. The method for constructing a seawall ecological slope protection according to claim 3, characterized in that: Determining the bonding characterization factor of the precast concrete fence panel includes, The overlap between the vibration intensity fluctuation curve of each point on the precast concrete fence plate and the vibration intensity fluctuation curve of the remaining points is calculated respectively, and the variance of the overlap is determined as the bonding characterization factor of the precast concrete fence plate; The rectangular coordinate system where the vibration intensity fluctuation curve is located has time as the horizontal axis and vibration intensity as the vertical axis.

5. The method for constructing a seawall ecological slope protection according to claim 4, characterized in that: The process of determining the bonding abnormality tendency category of the precast concrete fence panel includes: If the bonding characterization factor of the precast concrete fence panel meets the first bonding tendency determination condition, then determining that the bonding abnormality tendency category of the precast concrete fence panel is the first bonding tendency category; If the bonding characterization factor of the precast concrete fence panel does not meet the first bonding tendency determination condition, the bonding abnormality tendency category of the precast concrete fence panel is determined to be the second bonding tendency category; The first bonding tendency determination condition is that the bonding characterization factor does not exceed a preset bonding characterization factor reference value.

6. The method for constructing a seawall ecological slope protection according to claim 5, characterized in that: The selected adjustments for pouring precast concrete fence panels include: If the abnormal bonding tendency category is the first bonding tendency category, determining the bonding shedding coefficient of the precast concrete fence panel based on the vibration intensity fluctuation curve, and determining the vibration frequency when pouring the precast concrete fence panel according to the bonding shedding coefficient; If the abnormal bonding tendency category is the second bonding tendency category, the settlement coefficient is determined based on the vibration intensity fluctuation curve of the precast concrete fence panels, and the casting order of each precast concrete fence panel is determined according to the settlement coefficient.

7. The method for constructing a seawall ecological slope protection according to claim 6, characterized in that: The process of determining the bonding coefficient and vibration frequency of the precast concrete fence panel includes: Obtain the vibration intensity value corresponding to each data point on the vibration intensity fluctuation curve, mark the time corresponding to the first data point whose vibration intensity value does not exceed the preset vibration intensity reference value on the horizontal axis of the rectangular coordinate system, and determine the duration composed of the time and the initial acquisition time of the vibration intensity fluctuation curve as the bonding shedding factor; Obtaining bonding shedding factors corresponding to vibration intensity fluctuation curves of several points on the precast concrete fence plate, and determining an average value of the bonding shedding factors as the bonding shedding coefficient of the precast concrete fence plate; Among them, the vibration frequency is positively correlated with the bonding shedding coefficient.

8. The method for constructing a seawall ecological slope protection according to claim 6, characterized in that: Determining the sedimentation coefficient involves, Calculating the difference between the vibration intensity value at each peak on the vibration intensity fluctuation curve and the vibration intensity value at the trough adjacent to the peak, and determining the maximum value of the difference as the sedimentation factor of the vibration intensity fluctuation curve; The settlement factors corresponding to the vibration intensity fluctuation curves of several points on the precast concrete fence plate are obtained, and the average settlement factor is determined as the settlement coefficient of the precast concrete fence plate.

9. The method for constructing a seawall ecological slope protection according to claim 8, characterized in that: The order in which the precast concrete fence panels are cast one after another is consistent with the order in which the settlement coefficients of the precast concrete fence panels are from large to small.

10. A seawall ecological slope protection structure, used for applying the seawall ecological slope protection construction method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: include: External slope protection, which includes non-woven geotextiles to separate soil and cushion materials, bidirectional geogrids to distribute loads, block stone cushions for drainage, and precast concrete fence panels to withstand wave impacts; The wave-breaking wall is arranged on the upper part of the outer slope protection surface to prevent waves from impacting the embankment.

Images