Overfilling tester based on buoyancy measurement and measuring method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an over-filling tester based on buoyancy measurement and a measurement method thereof, relates to the technical field of concrete over-filling, and solves the technical problem that when the concrete over-filling height is measured by utilizing buoyancy, a large error of a measurement result is easily caused by existence of water in a foundation pit. Comprising a fixing frame, and a measuring mechanism used for measuring the concrete over-filling height is installed on the fixing frame; the measuring mechanism comprises a guide pipe, a rotating piece, a buoy, a buoyancy driving mechanism, a measuring piece and a pressure detection mechanism, the guide pipe is connected with the fixing frame, the buoy is connected with the rotating piece through the buoyancy driving mechanism, the buoyancy driving mechanism is used for driving the rotating piece to rotate, the rotating piece is coaxially and rotatably connected with the guide pipe, and the measuring piece is installed at the bottom end of the rotating piece. According to the invention, the height of the over-filled concrete aggregate in the foundation pit can be conveniently and accurately measured, and the large error influence on the measurement result due to the existence of muddy water and laitance in the foundation pit can be avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of concrete over-pouring, and particularly to an over-pouring measuring instrument based on buoyancy measurement and its measuring method. Background Art

[0002] Concrete over-pouring refers to the situation where, during the construction of bored cast-in-place piles, in order to ensure the quality of the pile top concrete, the actually poured concrete volume exceeds the designed height. However, over-pouring is not without limit; excessive over-pouring will not only cause material waste and increase the project cost, but also bring difficulties to subsequent earth excavation and pile head treatment.

[0003] The buoyancy principle is widely applied in the design of over-pouring measuring instruments. The over-pouring measuring instrument sets the warning height by monitoring the change in the height of the pouring liquid level. When the predetermined pouring height is reached, the warning height rod extends to emit a warning signal. However, in actual engineering applications, especially during the process of pouring concrete in the foundation pit, due to the presence of water inside the foundation pit, stratification occurs among three layers of substances: concrete aggregate, concrete floating slurry, and muddy water. When measuring using the buoyancy principle, only the buoyancy effects generated by the concrete floating slurry layer and the muddy water layer can be recognized. Therefore, the height shown by the measurement result is actually the height of the concrete floating slurry layer and the muddy water layer, and does not directly reflect the accurate height of the concrete aggregate layer. This stratification phenomenon causes certain errors in the measurement results obtained by the buoyancy principle. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an over-pouring measuring instrument based on buoyancy measurement and its measuring method, which solves the problem that large errors easily occur in the measurement results when measuring the over-pouring height of concrete using buoyancy due to the presence of water in the foundation pit.

[0005] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] An over-pouring measuring instrument based on buoyancy measurement includes a fixed frame, and a measuring mechanism for measuring the over-pouring height of concrete is installed on the fixed frame;

[0007] The measuring mechanism includes a guide tube, a rotating member, a floating cylinder, a buoyancy driving mechanism, a measuring member, and a pressure detection mechanism. The guide tube is connected to the fixed frame. The floating cylinder is connected to the rotating member through the buoyancy driving mechanism, and the buoyancy driving mechanism is used to drive the rotating member to rotate. The rotating member is coaxially rotatably connected to the guide tube. The measuring member is installed at the bottom end of the rotating member, and the pressure detection mechanism is installed inside the measuring member, and the pressure detection mechanism is used to measure the position of the concrete aggregate.

[0008] As a further solution of the present invention: The fixing frame includes a top plate, a telescopic tripod, a gantry, a collar, a U-shaped plate and a screw rod. The top plate is located above the guide tube. The telescopic tripod is hinged to the side wall of the top plate. The collar is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the guide tube. The gantry slides through the top plate and is connected to the collar. The U-shaped plate is installed at the side wall of the gantry. The screw rod is rotatably installed on the top of the top plate, and the screw rod is threadedly connected to the top of the gantry.

[0009] As a further solution of the present invention: The rotating member includes a bushing with a convex block, a rotating tube, a groove and an air inlet assembly. The bushing is located below the top plate, and the bushing is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the guide tube near the top end. The rotating tube passes through the bushing and is connected to the measuring member, and the rotating tube is connected to the guide tube through the air inlet assembly. The air inlet assembly is used for ventilating the rotating tube. The convex block is installed on the inner wall of the bushing. The groove is opened on the outer wall of the rotating tube along the length direction thereof. The convex block is clamped with the groove.

[0010] As a further solution of the present invention: The measuring member includes a frustum disk, an annular chassis and a plugging member. The frustum disk and the annular chassis are provided with a communicating cavity. The pressure detection mechanism is located in the cavity. The bottom end of the rotating tube is fixedly connected to the center of the top of the frustum disk. A plurality of the plugging members are annularly and evenly distributed on the side wall of the frustum disk.

[0011] As a further solution of the present invention: The buoyancy driving mechanism includes an L-shaped rack, a front gear, a rotating shaft, a rear gear, a double-sided rack, a driving gear and an L-shaped guide post. A fixing plate is installed on the outer wall of the guide tube. The rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the fixing plate. The front gear and the rear gear are respectively connected to both ends of the rotating shaft. The L-shaped rack is connected to the side wall of the floating cylinder, and the L-shaped rack meshes with the front gear. The L-shaped guide post slidably penetrates through the U-shaped plate, and the L-shaped guide post is connected to the top of the double-sided rack. The driving gear is sleeved on the outer side of the bushing. The double-sided rack meshes with the driving gear and the rear gear respectively.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention: The air inlet assembly includes an air injection head, a hose and a double-bent rod. The air injection head is rotatably installed at the top end of the rotating tube through a sealing bearing. The hose is communicated with the air injection head. Both ends of the double-bent rod are fixedly connected to the outer side walls of the guide tube and the air injection head respectively.

[0013] As a further solution of the present invention: The pressure detection mechanism includes an air guide tube, an air disk, a piston cylinder with a piston, an arc-shaped push plate and an elastic telescopic member with a pressure sensor. The air guide tube is connected between the rotating tube and the air disk. The piston cylinder is connected to the side wall of the air disk and communicated with its inner cavity. The piston is arranged in the piston cylinder and is used for pushing the elastic telescopic member to slide. The end of the elastic telescopic member away from the piston is connected to the arc-shaped push plate located outside the annular chassis.

[0014] As a further solution of the present invention: The elastic telescopic member includes a sliding rod with a retaining ring, a sleeve and a spring. One end of the sleeve is connected to the piston, and the other end extends to the outside of the piston cylinder. One end of the sliding rod is connected to the arc-shaped push plate, and the other end extends into the sleeve. The retaining ring is sleeved on the sliding rod, and the spring is connected between the retaining ring and the sleeve. The pressure sensor is installed at the edge of the sleeve near one end of the spring.

[0015] As a further solution of the present invention: A supporting ring for supporting the floating cylinder is installed on the outer wall of the rotating pipe near the bottom end, a limiting strip is installed on the outer wall of the guiding pipe, and a limiting groove for sliding along the limiting strip is provided on the inner side wall of the floating cylinder.

[0016] The measuring method of the overpour measuring instrument based on buoyancy measurement includes the following steps:

[0017] Step 1: Install the fixing frame on the ground, and adjust the measuring mechanism to move downward so that the measuring piece extends into the foundation pit and corresponds to the calibration position of the overpour.

[0018] Step 2: Pour concrete into the foundation pit, and successively form a concrete aggregate layer, a concrete floating slurry layer and a muddy water layer from bottom to top in the foundation pit.

[0019] Step 3: The floating slurry layer and the muddy water layer contact the floating cylinder to generate buoyancy, and the buoyancy driving mechanism can drive the measuring piece to rotate when the measuring piece does not contact the concrete aggregate layer.

[0020] Step 4: When the pin of the measuring piece is inserted into the concrete aggregate layer, a resistance effect will be generated, so that the measuring piece stops rotating due to the rotation being blocked. At this time, the pouring speed of the concrete is reduced.

[0021] Step 5: Use the air intake component and the rotating pipe to increase the pressure in the air disc, so that the piston drives the elastic telescopic member and the arc-shaped push plate to move. If the pressure sensor detects a sharp increase in pressure, it means that the concrete aggregate layer has reached the calibration height, and the concrete pouring is stopped. Otherwise, continue pouring.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0023] 1. In the present invention, through the fixing frame, it is not only convenient to stably install the measuring mechanism above the foundation pit, but also the position of the measuring mechanism can be adjusted so that the measuring piece at its bottom end corresponds to the calibration position of the overpour in the foundation pit. During the overpour process, as the concrete floating slurry layer and the muddy water layer rise and contact the floating cylinder, an upward buoyancy force will be generated on it. The buoyancy driving mechanism is convenient to drive the measuring piece to rotate when the measuring piece does not contact the concrete aggregate. If the measuring piece is inserted into the concrete aggregate, it will cause a large resistance to its rotation, so that the measuring piece stops rotating, thus facilitating the determination that the concrete aggregate layer is close to the calibration height and facilitating the prompt for the operator to slow down the pouring speed.

[0024] 2. In the present invention, the pressure detection mechanism is used to accurately determine whether the height of the concrete aggregate has reached the calibrated height after the measuring piece stops rotating, so as to directly reflect the accurate height of the concrete aggregate layer and avoid affecting the accuracy of the buoyancy measurement due to the stratification of the three layers of materials, namely, concrete aggregate, concrete slurry and mud water, thereby effectively improving the accuracy of the measurement of the over-pouring height of the foundation pit concrete. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0026] Figure 1 It is a stereoscopic diagram of the first viewing angle of the super filling measuring instrument based on buoyancy measurement of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 It is a stereogram of the second viewing angle of the super filling measuring instrument based on buoyancy measurement of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the measuring mechanism in the super filling measuring instrument based on buoyancy measurement of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional diagram of a fixing frame in the overfilling measuring instrument based on buoyancy measurement of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 It is a stereoscopic diagram of the connection part between the rotating part and the guide tube in the overfilling measuring instrument based on buoyancy measurement of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 It is a three-dimensional diagram of a measuring member in the super filling measuring instrument based on buoyancy measurement of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the buoyancy driving mechanism in the super filling measuring instrument based on buoyancy measurement of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 8 It is a three-dimensional diagram of a cutaway measuring piece in the superfilling measuring instrument based on buoyancy measurement of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 9 It is a stereoscopic diagram of a pressure detection mechanism in an overfilling measuring instrument based on buoyancy measurement of the present invention.

[0035] In the figure: 1. Fixed frame; 11. Top disc; 12. Telescopic tripod; 13. Gantry; 14. Collar; 15. U-shaped plate; 16. Screw; 2. Measuring mechanism; 21. Guide tube; 22. Rotating part; 221. Convex block; 222. Bush; 223. Rotating tube; 224. Groove; 225. Gas injection head; 226. Hose; 227. Double-bent rod; 23. Float; 24. Buoyancy drive mechanism; 241. L-shaped rack; 242. Front gear; 243. Rotating shaft; 244. Rear gear; 245. Double-sided rack; 246. Driving gear; 247. L-shaped guide post; 25. Measuring piece; 251. Frustum disc; 252. Annular chassis; 253. Pin part; 26. Pressure detection mechanism; 261. Air duct; 262. Air disc; 263. Piston; 264. Piston cylinder; 265. Arc-shaped push plate; 266. Pressure sensor; 267. Elastic telescopic part; 2671. Retaining ring; 2672. Slide bar; 2673. Sleeve; 2674. Spring; 3. Cavity; 4. Fixed plate; 5. Support ring; 6. Limit strip. Detailed implementation mode

[0036] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

[0037] As Figures 1-9 shown, the present invention is an overpour measuring instrument based on buoyancy measurement, including a fixed frame 1, and a measuring mechanism 2 for measuring the overpour height of concrete is installed on the fixed frame 1; the measuring mechanism 2 includes a guide tube 21, a rotating part 22, a float 23, a buoyancy drive mechanism 24, a measuring piece 25 and a pressure detection mechanism 26. The guide tube 21 is connected to the fixed frame 1. The float 23 is connected to the rotating part 22 through the buoyancy drive mechanism 24, and the buoyancy drive mechanism 24 is used to drive the rotating part 22 to rotate. The rotating part 22 is coaxially rotatably connected to the guide tube 21. The measuring piece 25 is installed at the bottom end of the rotating part 22, and the pressure detection mechanism 26 is installed in the measuring piece 25, and the pressure detection mechanism 26 is used to measure the position of concrete aggregates.

[0038] It should be noted that during use, the fixing frame 1 is stably installed on the ground near the foundation pit, so that the measuring mechanism 2 is located above the foundation pit. Adjust the measuring mechanism 2 to move downward according to the calibrated height required for overpouring, and make the measuring piece 25 at the bottom end of the measuring mechanism 2 correspond to the calibrated position in the foundation pit. As the height of the concrete poured in the foundation pit continuously rises, when the concrete slurry and muddy water above the concrete aggregate come into contact with the floating cylinder 23, buoyancy will be generated, causing the floating cylinder 23 to rise along the guide pipe 21. Cooperating with the buoyancy driving mechanism 24, the rotating part 22 will drive the measuring piece 25 to rotate. When the measuring piece 25 contacts the concrete aggregate, its rotation will be subjected to a large resistance force, resulting in the stop of its rotation. At this time, it is necessary to reduce the pouring speed of the concrete, and use the pressure detection mechanism 26 to measure the position of the concrete aggregate. When the pressure detection mechanism 26 detects the concrete aggregate, it has reached the calibrated height, and the pouring is stopped.

[0039] As Figure 2 and Figure 4 shown, the fixing frame 1 includes a top plate 11, a telescopic tripod 12, a gantry 13, a collar 14, a U-shaped plate 15 and a screw 16. The top plate 11 is located above the guide pipe 21. The telescopic tripod 12 is hinged to the side wall of the top plate 11. The collar 14 is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the guide pipe 21. The gantry 13 slides through the top plate 11 and is connected to the collar 14. The U-shaped plate 15 is installed on the side wall of the gantry 13. The screw 16 is rotatably installed on the top of the top plate 11, and the screw 16 is threadedly connected to the top of the gantry 13.

[0040] It should be noted that a positioning hole is provided at the position of the telescopic tripod 12 away from the top plate 11. After the telescopic tripod 12 is unfolded and adjusted to a suitable length, it can be stably installed on the ground near the foundation pit. Rotating the screw 16 can control the lifting of the gantry 13. The gantry 13 can drive the whole measuring mechanism 2 to lift through the collar 14, so that the height of the measuring piece 25 can be adjusted according to needs to make it correspond to the calibrated position in the foundation pit.

[0041] As Figures 3-5 shown, the rotating part 22 includes a bushing 222 with a convex block 221, a rotating pipe 223, a groove 224 and an air intake assembly. The bushing 222 is located below the top plate 11, and the bushing 222 is rotatably connected to the inner pipe wall near the top end of the guide pipe 21. The rotating pipe 223 passes through the bushing 222 and is connected to the measuring piece 25, and the rotating pipe 223 is connected to the guide pipe 21 through the air intake assembly. The air intake assembly is used to ventilate the rotating pipe 223. The convex block 221 is installed on the inner wall of the bushing 222, and the groove 224 is opened on the outer pipe wall of the rotating pipe 223 along the length direction of the rotating pipe 223. The convex block 221 is engaged with the groove 224.

[0042] It should be noted that the bushing 222 is rotatably connected to the guide tube 21 through a bearing. The bushing 222 is driven by the buoyancy driving mechanism 24. When the bushing 222 rotates, the engagement relationship between the convex block 221 and the groove 224 is used to conveniently drive the rotating tube 223 to rotate synchronously, so as to realize the rotation of the measuring member 25.

[0043] As Figure 6 and Figures 8-9 shown, the measuring member 25 includes a frustum disk 251, an annular chassis 252 and a pin member 253. The frustum disk 251 and the annular chassis 252 are provided with a communicating cavity 3. The pressure detection mechanism 26 is located in the cavity 3. The bottom end of the rotating tube 223 is fixedly connected to the center of the top of the frustum disk 251. A plurality of pin members 253 are evenly distributed in a ring on the side wall of the frustum disk 251.

[0044] It should be noted that the use of the cavity 3 can greatly reduce the self-weight of the measuring member 25, so as to facilitate the use of buoyancy to drive the rotation of the measuring member 25. The length of the pin member 253 is greater than the height of the measuring member 25. During the pouring process, as the concrete aggregate continuously rises, the pin member 253 will first insert into the concrete aggregate, so that the rotation of the measuring member 25 is hindered and stopped. The pressure detection mechanism 26 can be used to further accurately measure the position of the concrete aggregate after the rotation of the measuring member 25 stops.

[0045] As Figures 3-4 and Figure 7 shown, the buoyancy driving mechanism 24 includes an L-shaped rack 241, a front gear 242, a rotating shaft 243, a rear gear 244, a double-sided rack 245, a driving gear 246 and an L-shaped guide post 247. A fixing plate 4 is installed on the outer wall of the guide tube 21. The rotating shaft 243 is rotatably connected to the fixing plate 4. The front gear 242 and the rear gear 244 are respectively connected to both ends of the rotating shaft 243. The L-shaped rack 241 is connected to the side wall of the floating cylinder 23, and the L-shaped rack 241 meshes with the front gear 242. The L-shaped guide post 247 slidably penetrates through the U-shaped plate 15 and is connected to the top of the double-sided rack 245. The driving gear 246 is sleeved on the outside of the bushing 222. The double-sided rack 245 meshes with the driving gear 246 and the rear gear 244 respectively.

[0046] It should be noted that when the floating cylinder 23 is submerged by a certain height (this height does not exceed the height of the floating cylinder 23 itself) by the concrete floating slurry and muddy water, the buoyancy generated can push the L-shaped rack 241 to rise. During the rising process, the front gear 242 is driven to rotate. Cooperating with the rotating shaft 243, the rear gear 244 can be rotated. Then the rear gear 244 drives the double-sided rack 245 to drive the L-shaped guide post 247 to slide and translate along the U-shaped plate 15. During the sliding and translating process, the double-sided rack 245 can also drive the engaged driving gear 246 to rotate, so that the bushing 222 rotates.

[0047] AsFigure 3 and Figure 5 As shown in Figure 5 , the air inlet assembly includes an air injection head 225, a hose 226, and a double-bent rod 227. The air injection head 225 is rotatably mounted at the top of the rotating pipe 223 through a sealing bearing. The hose 226 is communicated with the air injection head 225. Both ends of the double-bent rod 227 are fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the guide pipe 21 and the air injection head 225 respectively.

[0048] It should be noted that the sealing bearing can not only ensure the relative rotation between the rotating pipe 223 and the air injection head 225, but also ensure the sealing performance of the rotating connection. The hose 226 is connected to an external air pump device, which is convenient for guiding gas into the rotating pipe 223 through the hose 226 and the air injection head 225. The double-bent rod 227 is used to conveniently limit the rotational freedom of the air injection head 225, so that the rotating pipe 223 will not drive the air injection head 225 to rotate when rotating.

[0049] As Figures 8-9 shown in Figures 8-9 , the pressure detection mechanism 26 includes an air guide pipe 261, an air disc 262, a piston cylinder 264 with a piston 263, an arc-shaped push plate 265, and an elastic telescopic member 267 with a pressure sensor 266. The pressure sensor 266 can be wirelessly connected to a terminal device through a wireless communication module. This is the prior art and will not be elaborated here. The air guide pipe 261 is connected between the rotating pipe 223 and the air disc 262. The piston cylinder 264 is connected to the side wall of the air disc 262 and communicated with its inner cavity. The piston 263 is arranged in the piston cylinder 264 and is used to push the elastic telescopic member 267 to slide. One end of the elastic telescopic member 267 away from the piston 264 is connected to the arc-shaped push plate 265 located outside the annular chassis 252.

[0050] It should be noted that the gas injected into the rotating pipe 223 (as Figure 5 shown in Figure 5 ) will enter the air disc 262 through the air guide pipe 261, thereby increasing the internal pressure of the piston cylinder 264 and pushing the piston 263 to move away from the air disc 262. During the movement of the piston 263, it will push the elastic telescopic member 267 to drive the arc-shaped push plate 265 to move. If the arc-shaped push plate 265 contacts the concrete aggregate, a large resistance will act on the arc-shaped push plate 265 during the movement, thereby causing the elastic telescopic member 267 to be adaptively compressed. At this time, the pressure sensor 266 will detect a sharp increase in pressure, thereby determining that the concrete aggregate has reached the calibration height and stopping the concrete pouring.

[0051] As Figures 8-9As shown, the elastic telescopic member 267 includes a slide rod 2672 with a retaining ring 2671, a sleeve 2673, and a spring 2674. One end of the sleeve 2673 is connected to the piston 263, and the other end extends to the outside of the piston cylinder 264. One end of the slide rod 2672 is connected to the arc-shaped push plate 265, and the other end extends into the sleeve 2673. The retaining ring 2671 is sleeved on the slide rod 2672. The spring 2674 is connected between the retaining ring 2671 and the sleeve 2673. The pressure sensor 266 is installed at the edge of the sleeve 2673 near one end of the spring 2674.

[0052] It should be noted that when the arc-shaped push plate 265 at the end of the slide rod 2672 is blocked during the movement, relative sliding will occur between the sleeve 2673 and the slide rod 2672 and the spring 2674 will be compressed. The compressed spring 2674 will generate a reaction force on the pressure sensor 266, so that it will detect a large pressure change.

[0053] As Figure 5 shown, a support ring 5 for supporting the floating cylinder 23 is installed on the outer wall of the rotary pipe 223 near the bottom end, a limiting strip 6 is installed on the outer wall of the guide pipe 21, and a limiting groove for sliding along the limiting strip 6 is provided on the inner side wall of the floating cylinder 23.

[0054] It should be noted that the support ring 5 is used to conveniently support the floating cylinder 23 to prevent it from falling. The limiting strip 6 and the limiting groove cooperate to conveniently guide and limit the floating cylinder 23, so that it will not deflect during the upward sliding along the guide pipe 21, ensuring the stability of the upward sliding.

[0055] The measuring method of the overpour measuring instrument based on buoyancy measurement includes the following steps:

[0056] Step 1: Install the fixing frame 1 on the ground, and adjust the measuring mechanism 2 to move downward so that the measuring piece 25 extends into the foundation pit and corresponds to the calibration position of the overpour.

[0057] Step 2: Pour concrete into the foundation pit, and successively form a concrete aggregate layer, a concrete floating slurry layer, and a muddy water layer from bottom to top in the foundation pit.

[0058] Step 3: The floating slurry layer and the muddy water layer contact the floating cylinder 23 to generate buoyancy, and the buoyancy driving mechanism can drive the measuring piece 25 to rotate when it does not contact the concrete aggregate layer.

[0059] Step 4: When the pin member 253 of the measuring piece 25 is inserted into the concrete aggregate layer, a resistance effect will be generated, causing the measuring piece 25 to stop rotating due to the rotation being blocked. At this time, the pouring speed of the concrete is reduced.

[0060] Step Five: Use the air intake assembly and the rotating pipe 223 to pressurize the air disk 262, causing the piston 263 to drive the elastic telescopic member 267 and the arc-shaped push plate 265 to move. If the pressure sensor 266 detects a sharp increase in pressure, it means that the concrete aggregate layer has reached the calibration height, and the concrete pouring is stopped. Otherwise, the pouring continues.

[0061] The above has described an embodiment of the present invention in detail, but the content described is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention and cannot be considered as limiting the scope of implementation of the present invention. Any equal changes and improvements made according to the scope of the present invention application should still fall within the patent coverage scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An overfilling measuring instrument based on buoyancy measurement, comprising a fixing frame (1), characterized in that: The fixing frame (1) is provided with a measuring mechanism (2) for measuring the overfilling height of concrete; The measuring mechanism (2) comprises a guide tube (21), a rotating member (22), a buoy (23), a buoyancy driving mechanism (24), a measuring member (25) and a pressure detection mechanism (26); the guide tube (21) is connected to a fixed frame (1); the buoy (23) is connected to the rotating member (22) via the buoyancy driving mechanism (24); the buoyancy driving mechanism (24) is used to drive the rotating member (22) to rotate; the rotating member (22) is coaxially rotatably connected to the guide tube (21); the measuring member (25) is mounted at the bottom end of the rotating member (22); the pressure detection mechanism (26) is mounted in the measuring member (25); and the pressure detection mechanism (26) is used to measure the position of concrete aggregate.

2. The overfilling measuring instrument based on buoyancy measurement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed frame (1) comprises a top plate (11), a telescopic tripod (12), a gantry (13), a collar (14), a U-shaped plate (15) and a screw (16); the top plate (11) is located above a guide tube (21); the telescopic tripod (12) is hinged to a side wall of the top plate (11); the collar (14) is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the guide tube (21); the gantry (13) slides through the top plate (11) and is connected to the collar (14); the U-shaped plate (15) is installed on the side wall of the gantry (13); the screw (16) is rotatably installed on the top of the top plate (11), and the screw (16) is threadedly connected to the top of the gantry (13).

3. The overfilling measuring instrument based on buoyancy measurement according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rotating member (22) comprises a shaft sleeve (222) with a protrusion (221), a rotating tube (223), a groove (224) and an air intake assembly. The shaft sleeve (222) is located below the top plate (11), and the shaft sleeve (222) is rotatably connected to the inner tube wall of the guide tube (21) near the top end. The rotating tube (223) passes through the shaft sleeve (222) and is connected to the measuring member (25). The rotating tube (223) is connected to the guide tube (21) through the air intake assembly. The air intake assembly is used to ventilate the rotating tube (223). The protrusion (221) is installed on the inner wall of the shaft sleeve (222). The groove (224) is opened on the outer tube wall of the rotating tube (223) along the length direction of the rotating tube (223). The protrusion (221) is engaged with the groove (224).

4. The overfilling measuring instrument based on buoyancy measurement according to claim 3, characterized in that: The measuring member (25) comprises a truncated cone disk (251), an annular bottom disk (252) and a latch member (253); the truncated cone disk (251) and the annular bottom disk (252) are provided with a connected cavity (3); the pressure detection mechanism (26) is located in the cavity (3); the bottom end of the rotating tube (223) is fixedly connected to the center of the top of the truncated cone disk (251); and a plurality of latch members (253) are evenly distributed in a ring shape on the side wall of the truncated cone disk (251).

5. The overfilling measuring instrument based on buoyancy measurement according to claim 3, characterized in that: The buoyancy driving mechanism (24) comprises an L-shaped rack (241), a front gear (242), a rotating shaft (243), a rear gear (244), a double-sided rack (245), a driving gear (246) and an L-shaped guide column (247); a fixing plate (4) is installed on the outer tube wall of the guide tube (21); the rotating shaft (243) is rotatably connected to the fixing plate (4); the front gear (242) and the rear gear (244) are respectively connected to two ends of the rotating shaft (243); The L-shaped rack (241) is connected to the side wall of the float (23), and the L-shaped rack (241) is meshed with the front gear (242). The L-shaped guide column (247) slides through the U-shaped plate (15), and the L-shaped guide column (247) is connected to the top of the double-sided rack (245). The driving gear (246) is sleeved on the outside of the shaft sleeve (222), and the double-sided rack (245) is respectively meshed with the driving gear (246) and the rear gear (244).

6. The overfilling measuring instrument based on buoyancy measurement according to claim 3, characterized in that: The air intake assembly comprises an air injection head (225), a hose (226) and a double bent rod (227); the air injection head (225) is rotatably mounted on the top of the rotating tube (223) via a sealed bearing; the hose (226) is connected to the air injection head (225); and the two ends of the double bent rod (227) are respectively fixedly connected to the outer side walls of the guide tube (21) and the air injection head (225).

7. The overfilling measuring instrument based on buoyancy measurement according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pressure detection mechanism (26) comprises an air guide tube (261), an air disc (262), a piston cylinder (264) with a piston (263), an arc-shaped push plate (265), and an elastic telescopic member (267) with a pressure sensor (266); the air guide tube (261) is connected between the rotating tube (223) and the air disc (262); the piston cylinder (264) is connected to the side wall of the air disc (262) and communicates with its inner cavity; the piston (263) is arranged in the piston cylinder (264) and is used to push the elastic telescopic member (267) to slide; and the end of the elastic telescopic member (267) away from the piston (263) is connected to the arc-shaped push plate (265) located on the outside of the annular bottom plate (252).

8. The overfilling measuring instrument based on buoyancy measurement according to claim 7, characterized in that: The elastic telescopic member (267) includes a slide rod (2672) with a retaining ring (2671), a sleeve (2673) and a spring (2674); one end of the sleeve (2673) is connected to the piston (263), and the other end extends to the outside of the piston cylinder (264); one end of the slide rod (2672) is connected to the arc-shaped push plate (265), and the other end extends into the sleeve (2673); the retaining ring (2671) is sleeved on the slide rod (2672); the spring (2674) is connected between the retaining ring (2671) and the sleeve (2673); and the pressure sensor (266) is installed on the edge of the sleeve (2673) near one end of the spring (2674).

9. The overfilling measuring instrument based on buoyancy measurement according to claim 3, characterized in that: A support ring (5) for supporting the buoy (23) is installed on the outer tube wall of the rotating tube (223) near the bottom end, a limit strip (6) is installed on the outer tube wall of the guide tube (21), and a limit groove sliding along the limit strip (6) is provided on the inner ring side wall of the buoy (23).

10. The measuring method of the super filling measuring instrument based on buoyancy measurement according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: Install the fixing frame (1) on the ground, and adjust the measuring mechanism (2) to move downward so that the measuring piece (25) extends into the foundation pit to correspond to the marked position of the overfilling; Step 2: pouring concrete into the foundation pit, forming a concrete aggregate layer, a concrete slurry layer and a mud-water layer in the foundation pit from bottom to top; Step 3: The slurry layer and the mud-water layer contact the float (23) to generate buoyancy, and the buoyancy driving mechanism can drive the measuring piece (25) to rotate when it is not in contact with the concrete aggregate layer; Step 4: The insertion of the latch member (253) of the measuring member (25) into the concrete aggregate layer generates resistance, causing the measuring member (25) to stop rotating due to the obstruction of rotation, and at this time, the pouring speed of the concrete is reduced; Step 5: Use the air intake assembly and the rotating pipe (223) to increase the pressure in the air disk (262), so that the piston (263) drives the elastic telescopic member (267) and the arc-shaped push plate (265) to move. If the pressure sensor (266) detects that the pressure increases sharply, the concrete aggregate layer reaches the calibrated height and the concrete pouring is stopped. Otherwise, the pouring continues.

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