Clutch with viscous cam and viscous coupling with locking function

Abstract

The invention provides a clutch with a viscous cam and a viscous coupling with a locking function, which are mainly used in the technical field of transmission. The clutch at least comprises a viscous cam, a driving half clutch, a driven half clutch and a joint piece. The viscous cam interacts with the driving semi-clutch or the driven semi-clutch through fluid with certain viscosity or semi-solid with certain viscoelasticity. Under the action of viscous force of fluid or viscoelastic force of semi-solid, the viscous cam can rotate relative to the driving semi-clutch or the driven semi-clutch. The viscous cam is directly or indirectly connected with the joint piece, and under the direct or indirect action of the viscous cam, the driving half clutch and the driven half clutch can be selectively engaged and disengaged through the joint piece. Compared with the prior art, the clutch can reduce the mechanical friction of the clutch in the separated state, and the coupler can selectively achieve the locking function by applying the clutch.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a clutch provided with a viscous cam and a viscous coupling with a locking function, which are mainly used in the field of transmission technology. Background Art

[0002] The clutch is widely used in various transmission systems as a clutch function device.

[0003] In the prior art, the Chinese invention patent with application number 2010102933113 and subject name “Bearing type overrunning clutch structure” (CN201010293311, hereinafter referred to as Patent 1) discloses an overrunning clutch without a return spring, in which rollers are arranged in the groove of the inner ring, and the contact between the rollers and the outer ring is achieved through the centrifugal force of the rollers, thereby realizing the overrunning clutch function. In the clutch disengagement state, when the speed of the inner ring is relatively high relative to the outer ring, the rollers will produce continuous mechanical friction with the outer ring under the action of centrifugal force. In the technical solution actually disclosed in Patent 1, the mechanical friction not only causes the premature failure of the clutch, but also continuously generates wear debris. Moreover, when the speed of the inner ring relative to the outer ring is higher, the centrifugal force of the rollers is greater, the mechanical friction between the rollers and the outer ring is more serious, and a large amount of wear debris will be continuously generated.

[0004] Furthermore, in the prior art, a Chinese invention patent with application number 2016110749256 and subject name “Double ratchet one-way clutch” (CN201611074925, hereinafter referred to as Patent 2) discloses a double ratchet one-way clutch. In the clutch disengaged state, the mechanical friction of the pawl is used to drive the driven ratchet to rotate a certain angle relative to the active ratchet, so that the active ratchet tooth top and the driven ratchet tooth top are axially “spliced” into a cylindrical surface, and the pawl contacts the “spliced” cylindrical surface, thereby reducing the operating noise of the ratchet clutch in the disengaged state. The tooth profile of the active ratchet and the tooth profile of the driven ratchet are in an "overlapping" state in the initial stage. In order to effectively ensure that the driven ratchet rotates smoothly under the "pulling" action of the mechanical friction of the pawl, the technical solution must ensure that the pawl is in frictional contact with the tooth tops of the active ratchet and the tooth tops of the driven ratchet at the same time (it is necessary to ensure both simultaneous contact and a certain pressure on the tooth tops of the two ratchet wheels, otherwise it will not generate enough mechanical friction to "pull" the driven ratchet). However, in general, the rigidity of the pawl is relatively large. If the pawl is to be in contact with the two ratchets at the same time, a large elastic force must be set for the pawl return spring, which not only increases the mechanical friction between the pawl and the two ratchets, but also generates a large amount of wear debris when the relative speed between the pawl and the ratchet is high.

[0005] Furthermore, in the prior art, a Chinese invention patent (CN202411573740, hereinafter referred to as Patent 3) with the application number 2024115737404 and the theme name of "ratchet clutch with friction cam" discloses a ratchet clutch with a friction cam, which drives the friction cam to rotate selectively by means of the mechanical friction of the ratchet on the friction cam. When the friction cam is arranged on the pawl seat, under the action of the friction cam and the pawl return spring, the pawl and the ratchet can be selectively disengaged; when the friction cam is arranged on the ratchet, under the action of the friction cam and the pawl return spring, the pawl and the ratchet can be selectively engaged or disengaged. Compared with Patent 2, in the clutch disengaged state, this technical solution can reliably ensure the rotation of the friction cam through mechanical friction, and further enable the pawl and the ratchet to be reliably disengaged. Moreover, compared with Patent 2, since it is not necessary to reliably "toggle" the ratchet through the mechanical friction of the pawl, the elastic force of the pawl return spring is smaller, and the mechanical friction when the pawl contacts the ratchet under the action of the return spring is also relatively smaller. However, in the technical solution actually disclosed in Patent 3, since the friction cam and the ratchet are always in a mechanical friction state, it is inevitable to continuously generate abrasion debris. Further, when the rotational speed of the clutch is relatively high in the disengaged state, the mechanical wear of the friction pair is aggravated, and a large amount of abrasion debris will be generated.

[0006] The abrasion debris generated by the above mechanical friction will not only mix into various friction interfaces to act as "abrasive grains", damage the integrity of the lubricating oil film, aggravate the direct contact and wear of the friction pair, and reduce the transmission efficiency, but also the sharp metal abrasion debris will scratch the surfaces of key components such as gears and bearings, reduce the fitting accuracy, cause stress concentration, accelerate the propagation of fatigue cracks and even lead to premature failure.

[0007] In the prior art, a viscous coupling uses the viscous force of a liquid to transmit power between two shafts, but the current viscous coupling does not have a locking function. Summary of the Invention

[0008] In order to reduce the mechanical friction of a clutch or a brake in the disengaged state, the present invention aims to provide a clutch with a viscous cam. The clutch with a viscous cam is used to connect two components of a machine, a device, a transmission system or a mechanism, or to selectively achieve the engagement or disengagement function of the connected moving parts, or to selectively achieve the braking function of the connected moving parts.

[0009] The present invention is realized through the following solutions:

[0010] The clutch provided with a viscous cam includes: a viscous cam, an active half clutch, a passive half clutch, and a engaging member. The viscous cam interacts with the passive half clutch through a fluid with a certain viscosity or a semi-solid with a certain viscoelasticity, or the viscous cam interacts with the active half clutch through a fluid with a certain viscosity or a semi-solid with a certain viscoelasticity. When the viscous cam interacts with the passive half clutch through the fluid, when the passive half clutch rotates relative to the viscous cam, under the action of the viscous force of the fluid, the viscous cam can rotate relative to the active half clutch. When the viscous cam interacts with the passive half clutch through the semi-solid, when the passive half clutch has a tendency to rotate relative to the viscous cam, or when the passive half clutch rotates relative to the viscous cam, under the action of the viscoelastic force of the semi-solid, the viscous cam can rotate relative to the active half clutch. When the viscous cam interacts with the active half clutch through the fluid, when the active half clutch rotates relative to the viscous cam, under the action of the viscous force of the fluid, the viscous cam can rotate relative to the passive half clutch. When the viscous cam interacts with the active half clutch through the semi-solid, when the active half clutch has a tendency to rotate relative to the viscous cam, or when the active half clutch rotates relative to the viscous cam, under the action of the viscoelastic force of the semi-solid, the viscous cam can rotate relative to the passive half clutch. The viscous cam is connected to the engaging member. Under the action of the viscous cam, the active half clutch and the passive half clutch are selectively disengaged and engaged through the engaging member. The active half clutch and the passive half clutch are respectively connected to external components (the external components refer to components other than the components of the "clutch provided with a viscous cam").

[0011] Furthermore, the clutch provided with the viscous cam further includes a return spring. The active semi-clutch includes a pawl seat. The passive semi-clutch includes a ratchet. The engaging member includes a pawl. The viscous cam is disposed on the pawl seat or the viscous cam is disposed on the ratchet. When the viscous cam is disposed on the pawl seat, the viscous cam interacts with the ratchet through the fluid. When the ratchet rotates relative to the viscous cam, under the action of the viscous force of the fluid, the viscous cam is rotatable relative to the pawl seat within a certain angular range. Or the viscous cam interacts with the ratchet through the semi-solid. When the ratchet has a tendency to rotate relative to the viscous cam or when the ratchet rotates relative to the viscous cam, under the action of the viscoelastic force of the semi-solid, the viscous cam is rotatable relative to the pawl seat within a certain angular range. When the viscous cam is disposed on the ratchet, the viscous cam interacts with the pawl seat through the fluid. When the pawl seat rotates relative to the viscous cam, under the action of the viscous force of the fluid, the viscous cam is rotatable relative to the ratchet within a certain angular range. Or the viscous cam interacts with the pawl seat through the semi-solid. When the pawl seat has a tendency to rotate relative to the viscous cam or when the pawl seat rotates relative to the viscous cam, under the action of the viscoelastic force of the semi-solid, the viscous cam is rotatable relative to the ratchet within a certain angular range. The return spring is connected to the pawl. When the viscous cam is disposed on the pawl seat, the pawl is disposed on the pawl seat, the viscous cam is connected to the pawl, and the pawl is rotatable relative to the pawl seat within a certain angular range. Or the pawl is disposed on the viscous cam, the pawl seat is connected to the pawl, and the pawl is rotatable relative to the viscous cam within a certain angular range. When the viscous cam is disposed on the ratchet, the pawl is disposed on the pawl seat, the viscous cam is connected to the pawl, and the pawl is rotatable relative to the pawl seat within a certain angular range. Under the action of the viscous cam, the return spring and the pawl, the pawl seat and the ratchet selectively achieve engagement and disengagement. The pawl seat and the ratchet are respectively connected to the external components.

[0012] Alternatively, the clutch provided with the viscous cam further includes a first return spring 3. The active semi-clutch includes a first pawl seat 4, the passive semi-clutch includes a first friction wheel 8, the engaging member includes a first pawl 1, and the viscous cam includes a first viscous cam 5. The first viscous cam 5 is disposed on the first pawl seat 4. The first viscous cam 5 interacts with the first friction wheel 8 through the fluid. When the first friction wheel 8 rotates relative to the first viscous cam 5, under the action of the viscous force of the fluid, between a first defined angle and a second defined angle, the first viscous cam 5 is rotatable relative to the first pawl seat 4. Or the first viscous cam 5 interacts with the first friction wheel 8 through the semi-solid. When the first friction wheel 8 has a tendency to rotate relative to the first viscous cam 5, or when the first friction wheel 8 rotates relative to the first viscous cam 5, under the action of the viscoelastic force of the semi-solid, between the first defined angle and the second defined angle, the first viscous cam 5 is rotatable relative to the first pawl seat 4. The first return spring 3 is connected to the first pawl 1. The first pawl 1 is disposed on the first pawl seat 4, and the first viscous cam 5 is connected to the first pawl 1. The first pawl 1 is rotatable relative to the first pawl seat 4 within a certain angular range. When the first viscous cam 5 rotates relative to the first pawl seat 4 to the first defined angular position, under the action of the first viscous cam 5, the first return spring 3, and the first pawl 1, the first pawl seat 4 and the first friction wheel 8 are selectively engaged. When the first viscous cam 5 rotates relative to the first pawl seat 4 to the second defined angular position, under the action of the first viscous cam 5, the first return spring 3, and the first pawl 1, the first pawl seat 4 and the first friction wheel 8 are in a separated state. The first friction wheel 8 and the first pawl seat 4 are respectively connected to external components.

[0013] Alternatively, the clutch provided with the viscous cam further includes a first return spring 3. The active semi-clutch includes a first pawl seat 4, the passive semi-clutch includes a first friction wheel 8, the engaging member includes a first pawl 1, and the viscous cam includes a first viscous cam 5. The first viscous cam 5 is disposed on the first pawl seat 4. The first viscous cam 5 interacts with the first friction wheel 8 through the fluid. When the first friction wheel 8 rotates relative to the first viscous cam 5, under the action of the viscous force of the fluid, between a first defined angle and a second defined angle, the first viscous cam 5 is rotatable relative to the first pawl seat 4. Or the first viscous cam 5 interacts with the first friction wheel 8 through the semi-solid. When the first friction wheel 8 has a tendency to rotate relative to the first viscous cam 5, or when the first friction wheel 8 rotates relative to the first viscous cam 5, under the action of the viscoelastic force of the semi-solid, between the first defined angle and the second defined angle, the first viscous cam 5 is rotatable relative to the first pawl seat 4. The first return spring 3 is connected to the first pawl 1. The first pawl 1 is disposed on the first viscous cam 5, and the first pawl seat 4 is connected to the first pawl 1. The first pawl 1 is rotatable relative to the first viscous cam 5 within a certain angular range. When the first viscous cam 5 rotates relative to the first pawl seat 4 to the first defined angle position, under the action of the first viscous cam 5, the first return spring 3, and the first pawl 1, the first pawl seat 4 and the first friction wheel 8 are selectively engaged. When the first viscous cam 5 rotates relative to the first pawl seat 4 to the second defined angle position, under the action of the first viscous cam 5, the first return spring 3, and the first pawl 1, the first pawl seat 4 and the first friction wheel 8 are in a separated state. The first friction wheel 8 and the first pawl seat 4 are respectively connected to external components.

[0014] Alternatively, the clutch provided with the viscous cam further includes a first return spring 3 and a first pawl holder 6. The active half-clutch includes a second ratchet wheel 7, the passive half-clutch includes a first ratchet wheel 2, the engaging member includes a first pawl 1, and the viscous cam includes a first viscous cam 5. The first pawl holder 6 is connected to the first ratchet wheel 2 through clearance fit of a shaft hole or a bearing, and the first pawl holder 6 is rotatable relative to the first ratchet wheel 2, or the first pawl holder 6 is connected to the second ratchet wheel 7 through clearance fit of a shaft hole or a bearing, and the first pawl holder 6 is rotatable relative to the second ratchet wheel 7. The first viscous cam 5 is rotatably arranged on the first pawl holder 6 through clearance fit of a shaft hole, or the first viscous cam 5 is rotatably arranged on the first pawl holder 6 through a bearing. The first viscous cam 5 interacts with the second ratchet wheel 7 through the fluid or the semi-solid, and the first pawl holder 6 interacts with the first ratchet wheel 2 through the fluid or the semi-solid, or the first viscous cam 5 interacts with the first ratchet wheel 2 through the fluid or the semi-solid, and the first pawl holder 6 interacts with the second ratchet wheel 7 through the fluid or the semi-solid. When the first ratchet wheel 2 rotates relative to the second ratchet wheel 7, under the action of the viscous force of the fluid or the viscoelastic force of the semi-solid, between a first defined angle and a second defined angle, the first viscous cam 5 is rotatable relative to the first pawl holder 6. The first return spring 3 is connected to the first pawl 1. The first pawl 1 is arranged on the first pawl holder 6, and the first viscous cam 5 is connected to the first pawl 1. The first pawl 1 is rotatable relative to the first pawl holder 6 within a certain angular range. When the first viscous cam 5 rotates relative to the first pawl holder 6 to the first defined angle position, under the action of the first viscous cam 5, the first return spring 3 and the first pawl 1, the second ratchet wheel 7 and the first ratchet wheel 2 are selectively engaged. When the first viscous cam 5 rotates relative to the first pawl holder 6 to the second defined angle position, under the action of the first viscous cam 5, the first return spring 3 and the first pawl 1, the second ratchet wheel 7 and the first ratchet wheel 2 are in a separated state. The first ratchet wheel 2 and the second ratchet wheel 7 are respectively connected to external components.

[0015] Alternatively, the clutch provided with the viscous cam further includes a first return spring 3 and a first pawl holder 6. The active semi-clutch includes a second friction wheel 9, the passive semi-clutch includes a first friction wheel 8, the engaging member includes a first pawl 1, and the viscous cam includes a first viscous cam 5. The first pawl holder 6 is connected to the first friction wheel 8 by clearance fit of a shaft hole or a bearing, and the first pawl holder 6 is rotatable relative to the first friction wheel 8, or the first pawl holder 6 is connected to the second friction wheel 9 by clearance fit of a shaft hole or a bearing, and the first pawl holder 6 is rotatable relative to the second friction wheel 9. The first viscous cam 5 is rotatably arranged on the first pawl holder 6 by clearance fit of a shaft hole, or the first viscous cam 5 is rotatably arranged on the first pawl holder 6 by a bearing. The first viscous cam 5 interacts with the second friction wheel 9 through the fluid or the semi-solid, and the first pawl holder 6 interacts with the first friction wheel 8 through the fluid or the semi-solid, or the first viscous cam 5 interacts with the first friction wheel 8 through the fluid or the semi-solid, and the first pawl holder 6 interacts with the second friction wheel 9 through the fluid or the semi-solid. When the first friction wheel 8 rotates relative to the second friction wheel 9, under the action of the viscous force of the fluid or the viscoelastic force of the semi-solid, between a first defined angle and a second defined angle, the first viscous cam 5 is rotatable relative to the first pawl holder 6. The first return spring 3 is connected to the first pawl 1. The first pawl 1 is arranged on the first pawl holder 6, and the first viscous cam 5 is connected to the first pawl 1. The first pawl 1 is rotatable relative to the first pawl holder 6 within a certain angular range. When the first viscous cam 5 rotates relative to the first pawl holder 6 to the first defined angular position, under the action of the first viscous cam 5, the first return spring 3 and the first pawl 1, the second friction wheel 9 and the first friction wheel 8 are selectively engaged. When the first viscous cam 5 rotates relative to the first pawl holder 6 to the second defined angular position, under the action of the first viscous cam 5, the first return spring 3 and the first pawl 1, the second friction wheel 9 and the first friction wheel 8 are in a separated state. The first friction wheel 8 and the first pawl seat 4 are respectively connected to external components.

[0016] Further, the pawl includes a first pawl 1. The ratchet includes a first ratchet 2. The return spring includes a first return spring 3. The pawl seat includes a first pawl seat 4. The viscous cam includes a first viscous cam 5. The first viscous cam 5 is disposed on the first pawl seat 4. The first viscous cam 5 interacts with the first ratchet 2 through the fluid. When the first ratchet 2 rotates relative to the first viscous cam 5, under the action of the viscous force of the fluid, between a first defined angle and a second defined angle, the first viscous cam 5 is rotatable relative to the first pawl seat 4. Or the first viscous cam 5 interacts with the first ratchet 2 through the semi-solid. When the first ratchet 2 has a tendency to rotate relative to the first viscous cam 5, or when the first ratchet 2 rotates relative to the first viscous cam 5, under the action of the viscoelastic force of the semi-solid, between a first defined angle and a second defined angle, the first viscous cam 5 is rotatable relative to the first pawl seat 4. The first return spring 3 is connected to the first pawl 1. The first pawl 1 is disposed on the first pawl seat 4. The first viscous cam 5 is connected to the first pawl 1. The first pawl 1 is rotatable relative to the first pawl seat 4 within a certain angle range. When the first viscous cam 5 rotates relative to the first pawl seat 4 to the first defined angle position, under the action of the first viscous cam 5, the first return spring 3, and the first pawl 1, the first pawl seat 4 and the first ratchet 2 selectively engage. When the first viscous cam 5 rotates relative to the first pawl seat 4 to the second defined angle position, under the action of the first viscous cam 5, the first return spring 3, and the first pawl 1, the first pawl seat 4 and the first ratchet 2 are in a separated state. The first ratchet 2 and the first pawl seat 4 are respectively connected to external components.

[0017] Alternatively, the pawl includes a first pawl 1. The ratchet includes a first ratchet 2. The return spring includes a first return spring 3. The pawl seat includes a first pawl seat 4. The viscous cam includes a first viscous cam 5. The first viscous cam 5 is disposed on the first pawl seat 4. The first viscous cam 5 interacts with the first ratchet 2 through the fluid. When the first ratchet 2 rotates relative to the first viscous cam 5, under the action of the viscous force of the fluid, between a first defined angle and a second defined angle, the first viscous cam 5 is rotatable relative to the first pawl seat 4. Or the first viscous cam 5 interacts with the first ratchet 2 through the semi-solid. When the first ratchet 2 has a tendency to rotate relative to the first viscous cam 5, or when the first ratchet 2 rotates relative to the first viscous cam 5, under the action of the viscoelastic force of the semi-solid, between a first defined angle and a second defined angle, the first viscous cam 5 is rotatable relative to the first pawl seat 4. The first return spring 3 is connected to the first pawl 1. The first pawl 1 is disposed on the first viscous cam 5. The first pawl seat 4 is connected to the first pawl 1. The first pawl 1 is rotatable relative to the first viscous cam 5 within a certain angular range. When the first viscous cam 5 rotates relative to the first pawl seat 4 to the first defined angle position, under the action of the first viscous cam 5, the first return spring 3, and the first pawl 1, the first pawl seat 4 and the first ratchet 2 selectively engage. When the first viscous cam 5 rotates relative to the first pawl seat 4 to the second defined angle position, under the action of the first viscous cam 5, the first return spring 3, and the first pawl 1, the first pawl seat 4 and the first ratchet 2 are in a separated state. The first ratchet 2 and the first pawl seat 4 are respectively connected to external components.

[0018] Alternatively, the pawl includes a first pawl 1. The ratchet includes a first ratchet 2. The return spring includes a first return spring 3. The pawl seat includes a first pawl seat 4. The viscous cam includes a first viscous cam 5. The first viscous cam 5 is disposed on the first ratchet 2. The first viscous cam 5 interacts with the first pawl seat 4 through the fluid. When the first pawl seat 4 rotates relative to the first viscous cam 5, under the action of the viscous force of the fluid, between a first defined angle and a second defined angle, the first viscous cam 5 is rotatable relative to the first ratchet 2. Or the first viscous cam 5 interacts with the first pawl seat 4 through the semi-solid. When the first pawl seat 4 has a tendency to rotate relative to the first viscous cam 5, or when the first pawl seat 4 rotates relative to the first viscous cam 5, under the action of the viscoelastic force of the semi-solid, between a first defined angle and a second defined angle, the first viscous cam 5 is rotatable relative to the first ratchet 2. The first return spring 3 is connected to the first pawl 1. The first pawl 1 is disposed on the first pawl seat 4. The first viscous cam 5 is connected to the first pawl 1. The first pawl 1 is rotatable relative to the first pawl seat 4 within a certain angular range. When the first viscous cam 5 rotates relative to the first ratchet 2 to the first defined angle position, under the action of the first viscous cam 5, the first return spring 3 and the first pawl 1, the first pawl seat 4 and the first ratchet 2 selectively engage. When the first viscous cam 5 rotates relative to the first ratchet 2 to the second defined angle position, under the action of the first viscous cam 5, the first return spring 3 and the first pawl 1, the first pawl seat 4 and the first ratchet 2 are in a separated state. The first ratchet 2 and the first pawl seat 4 are respectively connected to external components.

[0019] Further, the first pawl 1 includes one or more components. The first ratchet 2 includes one or more components. The first return spring 3 includes one or more components. The first pawl seat 4 includes one or more components. The first viscous cam 5 includes one or more components. The first pawl retainer 6 includes one or more components. The second ratchet 7 includes one or more components. The first friction wheel 8 includes one or more components. The second friction wheel 9 includes one or more components.

[0020] Further, when the viscous cam is disposed on the active half clutch and when the viscous cam rotates relative to the active half clutch to the first defined angular position, the active half clutch has a certain angular positioning effect on the viscous cam. When the viscous cam is disposed on the active half clutch and when the viscous cam rotates relative to the active half clutch to the second defined angular position, the active half clutch has a certain angular positioning effect on the viscous cam. When the viscous cam is disposed on the passive half clutch and when the viscous cam rotates relative to the passive half clutch to the first defined angular position, the passive half clutch has a certain angular positioning effect on the viscous cam. When the viscous cam is disposed on the passive half clutch and when the viscous cam rotates relative to the passive half clutch to the second defined angular position, the passive half clutch has a certain angular positioning effect on the viscous cam. When the viscous cam is disposed on the first pawl holder 6 and when the viscous cam rotates relative to the first pawl holder 6 to the first defined angular position, the first pawl holder 6 has a certain angular positioning effect on the viscous cam. When the viscous cam is disposed on the first pawl holder 6 and when the viscous cam rotates relative to the first pawl holder 6 to the second defined angular position, the first pawl holder 6 has a certain angular positioning effect on the viscous cam. When the viscous cam is disposed on the active half clutch, the viscous cam is rotatably disposed on the active half clutch through clearance fit of a shaft hole, or the viscous cam is rotatably disposed on the active half clutch through a bearing. When the viscous cam is disposed on the passive half clutch, the viscous cam is rotatably disposed on the passive half clutch through clearance fit of a shaft hole, or the viscous cam is rotatably disposed on the passive half clutch through a bearing. When the pawl is disposed on the active half clutch, the pawl is rotatably disposed on the active half clutch through clearance fit of a shaft hole, or the pawl is rotatably disposed on the active half clutch through a bearing. When the pawl is disposed on the viscous cam, the pawl is rotatably disposed on the viscous cam through clearance fit of a shaft hole, or the pawl is rotatably disposed on the viscous cam through a bearing. When the pawl is disposed on the first pawl holder 6, the pawl is rotatably disposed on the first pawl holder 6 through clearance fit of a shaft hole, or the pawl is rotatably disposed on the first pawl holder 6 through a bearing.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the clutch provided with the viscous cam of the present invention can reduce mechanical friction in the disengaged state.

[0022] In order to selectively implement the locking function of the viscous coupling, the present invention also provides a viscous coupling with a locking function. The viscous coupling with a locking function applies the clutch provided with a viscous cam to implement the viscous coupling function. Through the rotational speed control or steering control of the active half clutch, or through the rotational speed control or steering control of the passive half clutch, the viscous coupling with a locking function can selectively implement locking.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the viscous coupling with a locking function of the present invention can selectively implement the locking function.

[0024] From the following detailed description of the best mode for implementing the present invention in conjunction with the drawings, the above-mentioned features and advantages of the present invention, as well as other features and advantages, will be easily apparent. However, it should be clearly understood that all the drawings are only for description and do not impose any limitation on the definition and scope of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figures 1 to 61 Structural schematic diagrams for Examples 1 to 7. Among them:

[0026] Figure 1 - 3D structural schematic diagram of Example 1 in the engaged state.

[0027] Figure 2 - 3D sectional structural schematic diagram and partial enlarged schematic diagram of Example 1 in the engaged state.

[0028] Figure 3 - 3D exploded structural schematic diagram of Example 1 in the engaged state (two perspectives).

[0029] Figure 4 - Front view and partial enlarged schematic diagram of Example 1 in the engaged state.

[0030] Figure 5 - Radial sectional schematic diagram and partial enlarged schematic diagram of Example 1 in the engaged state.

[0031] Figure 6 - Axial sectional partial view and partial enlarged schematic diagram of Example 1.

[0032] Figure 7 - Front view and partial enlarged schematic diagram of Example 1 in the disengaged state.

[0033] Figure 8 - Radial sectional schematic diagram and partial enlarged schematic diagram of Example 1 in the disengaged state.

[0034] Figure 9 - 3D structural schematic diagram and partial enlarged schematic diagram of Example 2 in the engaged state.

[0035] Figure 10 - Schematic diagram of the 3D cross-section structure and the partial enlarged schematic diagram of Example 2 in the joined state.

[0036] Figure 11 - Schematic diagram of the 3D structure explosion in the bonding state of Example 2 (two perspectives).

[0037] Figure 12 -Front view and partial enlarged schematic diagram of Example 2 in the engaged state.

[0038] Figure 13 - Schematic diagram of radial section and partial enlargement of Example 2 in the engaged state.

[0039] Figure 14 -Axial section partial view and partial enlarged schematic diagram of Example 2.

[0040] Figure 15 -Front view and partial enlarged schematic diagram of Example 2 in the separated state.

[0041] Figure 16 - Schematic diagram of radial section and partial enlargement of Example 2 in the separated state.

[0042] Figure 17 - 3D structural schematic diagram and partial enlarged schematic diagram of the variant of Example 2 in the joined state.

[0043] Figure 18 - A schematic diagram of the 3D cross-section structure and a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the variant of Example 2 in the joined state.

[0044] Figure 19 - A front view and a partially enlarged schematic diagram of a variant of Example 2 in a joined state.

[0045] Figure 20 - An axially sectional partial view and a partial enlarged schematic diagram of a variant of Example 2.

[0046] Figure 21 - A front view and a partially enlarged schematic diagram of a variant of Example 2 in a separated state.

[0047] Figure 22 -Schematic diagram of the 3D structure of Example 3 in the joined state.

[0048] Figure 23 - Schematic diagram of the 3D cross-section structure and the partial enlarged diagram of Example 3 in the joined state.

[0049] Figure 24- 3D structure explosion schematic diagram (two perspectives) of Example 3 in the joined state.

[0050] Figure 25 - Front view and partial enlarged schematic diagram of Example 3 in the joined state.

[0051] Figure 26 - Radial sectional schematic diagram and partial enlarged schematic diagram of Example 3 in the joined state.

[0052] Figure 27 - Local 3D sectional schematic diagram and partial enlarged schematic diagram of Example 3 in the joined state.

[0053] Figure 28 - Axial sectional partial view and partial enlarged schematic diagram of Example 3.

[0054] Figure 29 - Front view and partial enlarged schematic diagram of Example 3 in the separated state.

[0055] Figure 30 - Local 3D sectional schematic diagram and partial enlarged schematic diagram of Example 3 in the separated state.

[0056] Figure 31 - 3D structure schematic diagram of Example 4 in the joined state.

[0057] Figure 32 - 3D sectional structure schematic diagram and partial enlarged schematic diagram of Example 4 in the joined state.

[0058] Figure 33 - 3D structure explosion schematic diagram (two perspectives) of Example 4 in the joined state.

[0059] Figure 34 - Front view and partial enlarged schematic diagram of Example 4 in the joined state.

[0060] Figure 35 - Radial sectional schematic diagram and partial enlarged schematic diagram of Example 4 in the joined state.

[0061] Figure 36 - Axial sectional partial view and partial enlarged schematic diagram of Example 4.

[0062] Figure 37 - Radial sectional schematic diagram and partial enlarged schematic diagram of Example 4 in the separated state.

[0063] Figure 38 - 3D structure schematic diagram of Example 5 in the joined state.

[0064] Figure 39- Schematic diagram of the 3D sectional structure and partial enlarged schematic diagram of Example 5 in the joined state.

[0065] Figure 40 - Exploded schematic diagram of the 3D structure of Example 5 in the joined state (two perspectives).

[0066] Figure 41 - Front view of Example 5 in the joined state and partial enlarged schematic diagram.

[0067] Figure 42 - Radial sectional schematic diagram of Example 5 in the joined state and partial enlarged schematic diagram.

[0068] Figure 43 - Axial sectional partial view of Example 5 and partial enlarged schematic diagram.

[0069] Figure 44 - Front view of Example 5 in the separated state and partial enlarged schematic diagram.

[0070] Figure 45 - Radial sectional schematic diagram of Example 5 in the separated state and partial enlarged schematic diagram.

[0071] Figure 46 - Schematic diagram of the 3D structure of Example 6 in the joined state.

[0072] Figure 47 - Schematic diagram of the 3D sectional structure of Example 6 in the joined state and partial enlarged schematic diagram.

[0073] Figure 48 - Exploded schematic diagram of the 3D structure of Example 6 in the joined state (two perspectives).

[0074] Figure 49 - Front view of Example 6 in the joined state and partial enlarged schematic diagram.

[0075] Figure 50 - Radial sectional schematic diagram of Example 6 in the joined state and partial enlarged schematic diagram.

[0076] Figure 51 - Axial sectional partial view of Example 6 and partial enlarged schematic diagram.

[0077] Figure 52 - Front view of Example 6 in the separated state and partial enlarged schematic diagram.

[0078] Figure 53 - Radial sectional schematic diagram of Example 6 in the separated state and partial enlarged schematic diagram.

[0079] Figure 54- 3D schematic diagram of Example 7 in the joined state.

[0080] Figure 55 - 3D sectional schematic diagram and partial enlarged schematic diagram of Example 7 in the joined state.

[0081] Figure 56 - 3D exploded schematic diagram of Example 7 in the joined state (two perspectives).

[0082] Figure 57 - Front view and partial enlarged schematic diagram of Example 7 in the joined state.

[0083] Figure 58 - Radial sectional schematic diagram and partial enlarged schematic diagram of Example 7 in the joined state.

[0084] Figure 59 - Axial sectional partial view and partial enlarged schematic diagram of Example 7.

[0085] Figure 60 - Front view and partial enlarged schematic diagram of Example 7 in the separated state.

[0086] Figure 61 - Radial sectional schematic diagram and partial enlarged schematic diagram of Example 7 in the separated state.

[0087] Description of the reference numerals in the figure: 1 - first pawl, 2 - first ratchet wheel, 3 - first return spring, 4 - first pawl seat, 5 - first viscous cam, 6 - first pawl holder, 7 - second ratchet wheel, 8 - first friction wheel, 9 - second friction wheel, 10 - first pawl seat bracket, 11 - first positioning boss, 12 - radial teeth of the first viscous cam 5, 13 - oil groove cover plate of the first pawl seat, 14 - groove of the first pawl seat 4, 15 - groove of the first pawl 1, 16 - groove of the first pawl seat bracket 10, 17 - tooth top surface of the first ratchet wheel 2, 18 - ratchet groove of the first ratchet wheel 2, 19 - tooth top surface of the first viscous cam 5, 20 - axial tooth groove of the first viscous cam 5, 21 - first ratchet wheel bracket, 22 - oil groove cover plate of the first ratchet wheel, 23 - heat dissipation fins, 24 - retaining arm of the first pawl 1, 25 - radial tooth groove of the first pawl seat 4, 26 - first ratchet wheel oil groove seat, 27 - radial teeth of the first ratchet wheel oil groove seat 26, 28 - radial tooth groove of the first ratchet wheel bracket 21, 29 - first oil seal, 30 - first bearing, 31 - riveting boss of the first pawl 1, 32 - radial tooth groove of the first ratchet wheel 2, 33 - third bearing, 34 - fourth bearing, 35 - tooth top surface of the second ratchet wheel 7, 36 - axial boss of the first viscous cam 5, 37 - first pawl retaining bracket, 38 - second pawl retaining bracket, 39 - radial teeth of the first pawl retaining bracket 37, 41 - axial boss of the first pawl seat 4, 50 - first cam bracket, 51 - viscous blade, 52 - second cam bracket, 53 - first viscous space, 54 - radial teeth of the first cam bracket 50, 55 - paired blade, 56 - radial teeth of the first pawl holder 6, 57 - second viscous space, 58 - radial tooth groove of the first viscous cam 5, 61 - first positioning groove, 62 - second positioning groove, 71 - second ratchet wheel bracket, 72 - oil groove cover plate of the second ratchet wheel, 81 - first friction wheel bracket, 82 - oil groove cover plate of the first friction wheel, 91 - second friction wheel bracket, 92 - oil groove cover plate of the second friction wheel.

[0088] For the convenience of description, the rotation direction indicated by the arrow in the figure is the forward rotation direction adopted in the corresponding embodiment. Detailed implementation manners

[0089] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the description of the embodiments. Obviously, what is described is only a part of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. Those skilled in the art in this technical field can easily make many changes based on the principles of the invention. Therefore, the present invention is not fixed to the details shown and described, but is intended to include all changes and modifications within the scope of the claims.

[0090] The terms used in this document are only for the purpose of describing specific exemplary embodiments and are not intended to be limiting. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an", etc. may also be intended to include the plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The terms "comprising" and "having" are inclusive and thus specify the presence of the described features, wholes, steps, operations, parts, components, elements, and / or assemblies, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, wholes, steps, operations, parts, components, assemblies, and / or combinations thereof. The method steps, procedures, and operations described herein should not be construed as necessarily requiring the method steps, procedures, and operations to be performed in the specific order discussed or illustrated, unless specifically identified as an order of execution. It should also be understood that additional or alternative steps may be employed.

[0091] Although terms such as first, second, third, etc. may be used herein to describe various parts, components, elements, assemblies, layers, and / or portions, these parts, components, elements, assemblies, layers, and / or portions should not be limited by these terms. These terms may only be used to distinguish one part, component, element, assembly, layer, and / or portion. Terms such as "first", "second", "third" and other numerical terms do not imply order or sequence when used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0092] In the embodiments, "axial direction" refers to the axial direction of the clutch provided with a viscous cam, and "radial direction" refers to the radial direction of the clutch provided with a viscous cam, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0093] Embodiment 1

[0094] A clutch provided with a viscous cam, as Figures 1 to 8 shown, includes a first pawl 1, a first ratchet wheel 2, a first return spring 3, a first pawl seat 4, and a first viscous cam 5. Among them, the first ratchet wheel 2 includes a first ratchet bracket 21 and a first ratchet oil groove cover plate 22.

[0095] The first ratchet wheel 2 and the first viscous cam 5 are both coaxially arranged with the first pawl seat 4. The first ratchet wheel 2 and the first pawl seat 4 are respectively connected to external components (not shown, the external components refer to components other than "the components of the clutch provided with a viscous cam") through splines. Optionally, to ensure a certain coaxiality between the first ratchet wheel 2 and the first pawl seat 4, the first ratchet wheel 2 can also be rotatably arranged on the first pawl seat 4 through a bearing (reference can be made to the Chinese invention patent with the application number 2021100587947).

[0096] The first viscous cam 5 is arranged on the first pawl seat 4 through clearance fit of the shaft hole, and the first viscous cam 5 is rotatable relative to the first pawl seat 4. Optionally, to reduce the frictional resistance of the first viscous cam 5, the first viscous cam 5 can also be rotatably arranged on the first pawl seat 4 through a bearing (reference can be made to the Chinese invention patent with the application number 2021100587947). The radial convex teeth 12 of the first viscous cam 5 cooperate with the radial tooth grooves 25 of the first pawl seat 4, so that the first viscous cam 5 is rotatable relative to the first pawl seat 4 between a first defined angle and a second defined angle.

[0097] As Figure 6 shown, the first ratchet oil groove cover plate 22 is arranged on the first ratchet bracket 21 through interference fit of the shaft hole. Optionally, the first ratchet oil groove cover plate 22 and the first ratchet bracket 21 can also be connected to each other in a known technical manner (such as clearance fit of the shaft hole, spline connection or threaded connection, etc.).

[0098] The first ratchet oil groove cover plate 22, the first ratchet bracket 21 and the first viscous cam 5 cooperate with each other to jointly enclose a first viscous space 53 as Figure 6 shown. Moreover, a clearance fit is adopted between the first viscous cam 5 and the first ratchet bracket 21, and a clearance fit is adopted between the first viscous cam 5 and the first ratchet oil groove cover plate 22, so as to ensure that the first viscous space 53 has a certain sealing performance. Optionally, according to the specific use environment requirements of the clutch provided with the viscous cam, the sealing performance requirement for the first viscous space 53 is optional. A semi-solid with a certain viscoelasticity (such as grease, etc.) with a certain volume or a certain mass is stored in the first viscous space 53. In the first viscous space 53, the first viscous cam 5 interacts with the first ratchet 2 through the semi-solid. When the first ratchet 2 has a rotational tendency relative to the first viscous cam 5, or when the first ratchet 2 rotates relative to the first viscous cam 5, under the action of the viscoelastic force of the semi-solid, the first viscous cam 5 is rotatable relative to the first pawl seat 4 between the first defined angle and the second defined angle.

[0099] Moreover, when the first viscous cam 5 rotates relative to the first pawl seat 4 between the first defined angle and the second defined angle, in a known art manner (such as reducing the friction coefficient of each friction surface, providing a bearing support, selecting the viscoelasticity of a semi-solid, or controlling the rotational speed of the first ratchet 2 relative to the first viscous cam 5, etc.), the action of the semi-solid on the first viscous cam 5 is greater than the resistance action of other components on the first viscous cam 5. Thus, under the action of the viscoelastic force of the semi-solid, the first viscous cam 5 can rotate relative to the first pawl seat 4 between the first defined angle and the second defined angle. Under the action of the retaining arm 24 of the first pawl 1, the first viscous cam 5 is axially fixed relative to the first pawl seat 4.

[0100] Optionally, considering various factors such as economy, reliability, and working conditions, a fluid with a certain viscosity (such as lubricating oil or argon gas, etc.) with a certain volume or mass can also be stored in the first viscous space 53; the first viscous cam 5 can also form the first viscous space 53 with a certain sealing property with the first ratchet 2 in a known art manner (such as oil seal or labyrinth seal, etc.); in the first viscous space 53, the first viscous cam 5 interacts with the first ratchet 2 through the fluid; when the first ratchet 2 rotates relative to the first viscous cam 5, under the action of the viscous force of the fluid, the first viscous cam 5 can rotate relative to the first pawl seat 4 between the first defined angle and the second defined angle.

[0101] As Figure 6 shown, in order to increase the interaction between the first viscous cam 5 and the semi-solid, a series of viscous vanes 51 are provided on the first viscous cam 5. Optionally, the interaction between the first viscous cam 5 and the semi-solid can also be increased by other known art methods.

[0102] The first return spring 3 has a certain elasticity. Under the elastic force of the first return spring 3, the first pawl 1 is arranged on the first pawl seat 4 through clearance fit of the shaft hole, and within a certain angle range, the first pawl 1 can rotate relative to the first pawl seat 4. The first return spring 3 is arranged in the groove 14 of the first pawl seat 4 and the groove 15 of the first pawl 1, so that under the action of the first return spring 3, the first pawl 1 is axially fixed relative to the first pawl seat 4.

[0103] The first viscous cam 5 interacts with the first pawl 1 through contact. When the first viscous cam 5 rotates relative to the first pawl seat 4 to the first defined angular position, under the action of the first return spring 3, the first pawl 1, and the first viscous cam 5, the first pawl seat 4 and the first ratchet wheel 2 selectively engage or disengage. At this time, the first pawl seat 4 selectively transmits the power or motion of the first pawl seat 4 to the first ratchet wheel 2, or the first ratchet wheel 2 selectively transmits the power or motion of the first ratchet wheel 2 to the first pawl seat 4. When the first viscous cam 5 rotates relative to the first pawl seat 4 to the second defined angular position, under the action of the first return spring 3, the first pawl 1, and the first viscous cam 5, the first pawl 1 disengages from the first ratchet wheel 2, and the first pawl seat 4 and the first ratchet wheel 2 are in a separated state.

[0104] Preferably, in the initial state, the first viscous cam 5 is in the first defined angular position relative to the first pawl seat 4, and the first pawl seat 4 and the first ratchet wheel 2 are in an engaged state, as Figures 1 to 5 shown. At this time, in the reverse direction (opposite to the rotation direction shown by the arrow in the figure), the first ratchet wheel 2 is fixed relative to the first pawl seat 4. When the first ratchet wheel 2 rotates forward relative to the first pawl seat 4 (the rotation direction shown by the arrow in the figure), under the action of the viscoelastic force of the semi-solid, the first viscous cam 5 can rotate relative to the first pawl seat 4 to the second defined angular position.

[0105] As Figures 7 to 8 shown, when the first viscous cam 5 rotates relative to the first pawl seat 4 to the second defined angular position, the first pawl 1 disengages from the first ratchet wheel 2, and the first pawl seat 4 and the first ratchet wheel 2 are in a separated state. In the forward direction (the rotation direction shown by the arrow in the figure), the first ratchet wheel 2 can rotate relative to the first pawl seat 4. When the first ratchet wheel 2 rotates in reverse relative to the first pawl seat 4 (opposite to the rotation direction shown by the arrow in the figure), under the action of the viscoelastic force of the semi-solid, the first viscous cam 5 can rotate relative to the first pawl seat 4 to the first defined angular position.

[0106] When the first viscous cam 5 rotates relative to the first pawl seat 4 to the first defined angular position, and when the first ratchet wheel 2 rotates in reverse relative to the first pawl seat 4 or has a reverse motion tendency, the first pawl seat 4 and the first ratchet wheel 2 can selectively engage, and the first ratchet wheel 2 can be fixed relative to the first pawl seat 4 in the reverse direction. As Figures 4 to 5As shown, when the first pawl seat 4 and the first ratchet wheel 2 are in an engaged state, the first ratchet wheel 2 is fixed relative to the first pawl seat 4 in the reverse direction.

[0107] When the first viscous cam 5 rotates relative to the first pawl seat 4 to the second defined angular position, and when the first ratchet wheel 2 rotates forward relative to the first pawl seat 4, as Figures 7 to 8 shown, the first pawl 1 is disengaged from the first ratchet wheel 2, thereby avoiding or reducing the mechanical friction between the pawl and the ratchet wheel at this time.

[0108] Moreover, within the first viscous space 53, the first viscous cam 5 interacts with the first ratchet wheel 2 through the semi-solid, thereby avoiding or reducing the mechanical friction between the first viscous cam 5 and the first ratchet wheel 2.

[0109] In addition, when the first viscous cam 5 rotates relative to the first ratchet wheel 2, heat is continuously generated by the semi-solid within the first viscous space 53. As Figures 1 to 4 shown, a series of heat dissipation fins 23 are provided on the first ratchet wheel oil sump cover 22. When the first ratchet wheel oil sump cover 22 rotates, the heat dissipation fins 23 can dissipate the heat of the first viscous space 53 through convection. Optionally, the heat of the first viscous space 53 can also be dissipated by known techniques (such as heat conduction, heat radiation or setting up a dedicated heat dissipation system, etc.).

[0110] Embodiment 2

[0111] A clutch provided with a viscous cam, as Figures 9 to 21 shown, includes a first pawl 1, a first ratchet wheel 2, a first return spring 3, a first pawl seat 4, a first viscous cam 5, a first oil seal 29, and a first bearing 30. Among them, the first ratchet wheel 2 includes a first ratchet wheel bracket 21, a first ratchet wheel oil sump cover 22, and a first ratchet wheel oil sump seat 26; the first viscous cam 5 includes a first cam bracket 50 and a second cam bracket 52.

[0112] Under the action of the riveting boss 31 of the first pawl 1, the first cam bracket 50 and the second cam bracket 52 are connected to each other.

[0113] The first ratchet wheel 2 includes a first ratchet wheel bracket 21, a first ratchet wheel oil sump cover 22, and a first ratchet wheel oil sump seat 26. The first ratchet wheel oil sump cover 22 is arranged on the first ratchet wheel oil sump seat 26 through interference fit of the shaft hole. The radial convex teeth 27 of the first ratchet wheel oil sump seat 26 cooperate with the radial tooth grooves 28 of the first ratchet wheel bracket 21, so that the first ratchet wheel oil sump cover 22 and the first ratchet wheel oil sump seat 26 are fixed relative to the first ratchet wheel bracket 21 in the rotational direction.

[0114] The first ratchet wheel 2 and the first viscous cam 5 are both coaxially arranged with the first pawl seat 4. The first ratchet wheel 2 and the first pawl seat 4 are respectively connected to external components (not shown, where the external components refer to components other than those of the "clutch provided with a viscous cam") through splines. Optionally, to ensure a certain coaxiality between the first ratchet wheel 2 and the first pawl seat 4, the first ratchet wheel 2 can also be rotatably arranged on the first pawl seat 4 through a bearing.

[0115] The first viscous cam 5 and the axial boss 41 of the first pawl seat 4 adopt an axial clearance fit, so that the first viscous cam 5 is rotatably arranged on the first pawl seat 4. Optionally, to reduce the frictional resistance of the first viscous cam 5, the first viscous cam 5 can also be rotatably arranged on the first pawl seat 4 through a bearing. The radial teeth 54 of the first cam bracket 50 cooperate with the axial boss 41 of the first pawl seat 4, so that the first viscous cam 5 can rotate relative to the first pawl seat 4 between a first defined angle and a second defined angle. The first cam bracket 50 and the second cam bracket 52 respectively interact with the first pawl seat 4 through contact, and under the action of the riveting boss 31 of the first pawl 1, the first viscous cam 5 is axially fixed relative to the first pawl seat 4.

[0116] The first ratchet wheel oil groove cover plate 22, the first ratchet wheel oil groove seat 26 and the first cam bracket 50 cooperate with each other to jointly enclose the first viscous space 53 as shown in Figure 14 Figure. Moreover, the first ratchet wheel oil groove cover plate 22 and the first ratchet wheel oil groove seat 26 are rotatably arranged on the first cam bracket 50 through a first bearing 30; the first ratchet wheel oil groove cover plate 22 and the first ratchet wheel oil groove seat 26 are connected to the first cam bracket 50 through a first oil seal 29, so as to ensure a certain sealing performance of the first viscous space 53. Optionally, according to the specific use environment requirements of the clutch provided with a viscous cam, the sealing requirement for the first viscous space 53 is optional. A liquid with a certain viscosity (such as lubricating oil, etc.) with a certain volume or a certain mass is stored in the first viscous space 53. In the first viscous space 53, the first viscous cam 5 interacts with the first ratchet wheel 2 through the liquid. When the first ratchet wheel 2 rotates relative to the first viscous cam 5, under the action of the viscous force of the liquid, the first viscous cam 5 can rotate relative to the first pawl seat 4 between the first defined angle and the second defined angle.

[0117] Moreover, when the first viscous cam 5 rotates relative to the first pawl seat 4 between the first defined angle and the second defined angle, in a manner known in the art (such as reducing the friction coefficient of each friction surface, selecting the viscosity of the liquid, or controlling the rotational speed of the first ratchet 2 relative to the first viscous cam 5, etc.), the action of the liquid on the first viscous cam 5 is greater than the resistance action of other components on the first viscous cam 5. Thus, under the action of the viscous force of the liquid, the first viscous cam 5 can rotate relative to the first pawl seat 4 between the first defined angle and the second defined angle.

[0118] Optionally, considering various factors such as economy, reliability, and working conditions, a certain volume or mass of gas with a certain viscosity (such as argon or nitrogen, etc.) can also be stored in the first viscous space 53, or a certain volume or mass of semi-solid with a certain viscoelasticity (such as grease, etc.) can also be stored in the first viscous space 53; the first viscous cam 5 can also form the first viscous space 53 with a certain sealing property with the first ratchet 2 in a manner known in the art (such as magnetic fluid sealing, labyrinth sealing, or clearance fit, etc.); in the first viscous space 53, the first viscous cam 5 interacts with the first ratchet 2 through the gas or the semi-solid; when the first ratchet 2 rotates relative to the first viscous cam 5, under the action of the viscous force of the gas, or under the action of the viscoelastic force of the semi-solid, the first viscous cam 5 can rotate relative to the first pawl seat 4.

[0119] As Figure 14 shown, in order to increase the interaction between the first viscous cam 5 and the liquid, a series of viscous blades 51 are provided on the first viscous cam 5, and a series of paired blades 55 are provided on the first ratchet oil groove cover 22 and the first ratchet oil groove seat 26. Optionally, by increasing the number of the viscous blades 51 and the paired blades 55, or increasing the overlapping area between the viscous blades 51 and the paired blades 55, or reducing the gap between the viscous blades 51 and the paired blades 55, or increasing the rotational speed of the viscous blades 51 relative to the paired blades 55, the interaction between the first viscous cam 5 and the fluid (including liquid and gas) or the semi-solid will increase accordingly. Optionally, the interaction between the first viscous cam 5 and the fluid or the semi-solid can also be increased by other means known in the art.

[0120] The first return spring 3 has a certain elasticity. The first return spring 3 is arranged on the first cam bracket 50, and the first return spring 3 is connected to the first pawl 1. The first pawl 1 is arranged on the first viscous cam 5 through clearance fit of the shaft hole. Under the elastic force of the first return spring 3, within a certain angular range, the first pawl 1 is rotatable relative to the first viscous cam 5. Moreover, under the action of the riveting boss 22 of the first pawl 1, the first pawl 1 is axially fixed relative to the first viscous cam 5.

[0121] The first pawl seat 4 interacts with the first pawl 1 through contact. Under the action of the viscous force of the liquid, the first viscous cam 5 is rotatable relative to the first pawl seat 4. When the first viscous cam 5 rotates relative to the first pawl seat 4 to the first defined angular position, under the action of the first return spring 3, the first pawl 1, and the first viscous cam 5, the first pawl seat 4 and the first ratchet wheel 2 selectively achieve engagement and disengagement. At this time, the first pawl seat 4 selectively transmits the power or motion of the first pawl seat 4 to the first ratchet wheel 2, or the first ratchet wheel 2 selectively transmits the power or motion of the first ratchet wheel 2 to the first pawl seat 4. When the first viscous cam 5 rotates relative to the first pawl seat 4 to the second defined angular position, under the action of the first return spring 3, the first pawl 1, and the first viscous cam 5, the first pawl 1 is disengaged from the first ratchet wheel 2, and the first pawl seat 4 and the first ratchet wheel 2 are in a separated state.

[0122] Preferably, in the initial state, the first viscous cam 5 is in the first defined angular position relative to the first pawl seat 4, and the first pawl seat 4 and the first ratchet wheel 2 are in an engaged state, as Figures 9 to 13 shown. At this time, in the reverse direction (opposite to the rotation direction shown by the arrow in the figure), the first ratchet wheel 2 is fixed relative to the first pawl seat 4. When the first ratchet wheel 2 rotates forward relative to the first pawl seat 4 (the rotation direction shown by the arrow in the figure), under the action of the viscous force of the liquid, the first viscous cam 5 is rotatable relative to the first pawl seat 4 to the second defined angular position.

[0123] As Figures 15 to 16As shown, when the first viscous cam 5 rotates relative to the first pawl seat 4 to the second defined angular position, the first pawl 1 disengages from the first ratchet wheel 2, and the first pawl seat 4 and the first ratchet wheel 2 are in a separated state. In the forward rotation direction (the rotation direction indicated by the arrow in the figure), the first ratchet wheel 2 is rotatable relative to the first pawl seat 4. When the first ratchet wheel 2 rotates in the reverse direction (opposite to the rotation direction indicated by the arrow in the figure) relative to the first pawl seat 4, under the action of the viscous force of the liquid, the first viscous cam 5 is rotatable relative to the first pawl seat 4 to the first defined angular position.

[0124] When the first viscous cam 5 rotates relative to the first pawl seat 4 to the first defined angular position, and when the first ratchet wheel 2 rotates in the reverse direction relative to the first pawl seat 4, the first pawl seat 4 and the first ratchet wheel 2 selectively engage, and the first ratchet wheel 2 is fixable relative to the first pawl seat 4 in the reverse rotation direction. As Figures 12 to 13 shown, when the first pawl seat 4 and the first ratchet wheel 2 are in an engaged state, the first ratchet wheel 2 is fixed relative to the first pawl seat 4 in the reverse rotation direction.

[0125] When the first viscous cam 5 rotates relative to the first pawl seat 4 to the second defined angular position, and when the first ratchet wheel 2 rotates in the forward direction relative to the first pawl seat 4, as Figures 15 to 16 shown, the first pawl 1 disengages from the first ratchet wheel 2, thereby avoiding or reducing the mechanical friction between the pawl and the ratchet wheel at this time.

[0126] Moreover, in the first viscous space 53, the first viscous cam 5 interacts with the first ratchet wheel 2 through the liquid, so that the mechanical friction between the first viscous cam 5 and the first ratchet wheel 2 is avoided or reduced.

[0127] In addition, when the first viscous cam 5 rotates relative to the first ratchet wheel 2, heat will be continuously generated by the liquid in the first viscous space 53. As Figures 9 to 12 shown, a series of heat dissipation fins 23 are provided on the first ratchet oil groove cover plate 22. When the first ratchet oil groove cover plate 22 rotates, the heat dissipation fins 23 can dissipate the heat of the first viscous space 53 through convection. Optionally, the heat of the first viscous space 53 can also be dissipated by known techniques (such as heat conduction, heat radiation or setting up a dedicated heat dissipation system, etc.).

[0128] Optionally, within the first viscous space 53, when the interaction between the first viscous cam 5 and the fluid (including liquid and gas) or the semi-solid is within a certain range (for example, when the rotational speed of the first ratchet 2 relative to the first viscous cam 5 is within a certain range), the clutch provided with the viscous cam can be used as a clutch (as described above). When the interaction between the first viscous cam 5 and the fluid (including liquid and gas) or the semi-solid exceeds a certain range (for example, when the rotational speed of the first ratchet 2 relative to the first viscous cam 5 exceeds a certain range, or when the number of the viscous vanes 51 and the mating vanes 55 exceeds a certain range, or when the overlapping area between the viscous vanes 51 and the mating vanes 55 exceeds a certain range, or when the gap between the viscous vanes 51 and the mating vanes 55 is less than a certain range, or when the rotational speed of the viscous vanes 51 relative to the mating vanes 55 exceeds a certain range, or other ways to increase the interaction between the first viscous cam 5 and the fluid or the semi-solid), the clutch provided with the viscous cam can selectively be used as a viscous coupling with a locking function. Specifically, it is described as follows:

[0129] I. When the interaction between the first viscous cam 5 and the fluid or the semi-solid exceeds a certain range, and when the first pawl seat 4 has no angular positioning effect on the first viscous cam 5.

[0130] 1. As Figures 12 to 13 shown, when the first viscous cam 5 is in the first defined angular position relative to the first pawl seat 4:

[0131] (1) When the first pawl seat 4 rotates forward to input power relative to the first ratchet 2, the first pawl seat 4 and the first ratchet 2 are in an engaged state or a locked state. Driven by the first pawl seat 4, the first ratchet 2 rotates forward to output power. At this time, the clutch provided with the viscous cam has a locking function.

[0132] (2) When the first pawl seat 4 rotates backward to input power relative to the first ratchet 2, under the action of the fluid or the semi-solid, the first viscous cam 5 can rotate relative to the first pawl seat 4 to the second defined angular position.

[0133] 2. As Figures 15 to 16 shown, when the first viscous cam 5 is in the second defined angular position relative to the first pawl seat 4:

[0134] (1) When the first pawl seat 4 reversely inputs power relative to the first ratchet wheel 2, the axial boss 41 of the first pawl seat 4 drives the first viscous cam 5 to reverse, and then the first viscous cam 5 drives the first ratchet wheel 2 through the fluid or the semi-solid, so that the first ratchet wheel 2 reversely outputs power. At this time, the clutch provided with the viscous cam has the function of a viscous coupling.

[0135] (2) When the first pawl seat 4 inputs power forward relative to the first ratchet wheel 2, under the action of the fluid or the semi-solid, the first viscous cam 5 can rotate relative to the first pawl seat 4 to the first positioning angle position.

[0136] 3. Similarly, when the first ratchet wheel 2 inputs power forward relative to the first pawl seat 4, it has the function of a viscous coupling, and when the first ratchet wheel 2 inputs power reversely relative to the first pawl seat 4, it has the locking function.

[0137] That is, when the interaction between the first viscous cam 5 and the fluid or the semi-solid exceeds a certain range, and when the first pawl seat 4 has no angular positioning effect on the first viscous cam 5, by controlling the rotation direction of the first pawl seat 4 or the first ratchet wheel 2, the clutch provided with the viscous cam can be used as a viscous coupling with a locking function.

[0138] II. When the interaction between the first viscous cam 5 and the fluid or the semi-solid exceeds a certain range, and when the first pawl seat 4 has an angular positioning effect on the first viscous cam 5. As Figures 17 to 21 shown, at the first defined angle position and the second defined angle position, the first pawl seat 4 has a certain angular positioning effect on the first viscous cam 5. And, compared with the clutch provided with the viscous cam as Figures 9 to 16 shown, Figures 17 to 21 the clutch provided with the viscous cam as

[0139] shown has more viscous vanes 51 and more counter vanes 55, a larger overlapping area, and a smaller gap, so that compared with the former, the latter can transmit a larger range of power through the fluid or the semi-solid. Figures 17 to 19 1. As

[0140] Figures 17 to 19 shown, when the first viscous cam 5 is at the first defined angle position relative to the first pawl seat 4, through the interaction between the first positioning boss 11 and the first positioning groove 61, the first pawl seat 4 has a certain angular positioning effect on the first viscous cam 5.

[0140] (1) When the first pawl seat 4 rotates forward relative to the first ratchet 2 to input power, the first pawl seat 4 and the first ratchet 2 are in an engaged state or a locked state. Driven by the first pawl seat 4, the first ratchet 2 rotates forward to output power. At this time, the clutch provided with the viscous cam has a locking function.

[0141] (2) When the first pawl seat 4 rotates backward relative to the first ratchet 2 to input power within a certain speed range, the action of the fluid or the semi-solid on the first viscous cam 5 is less than the positioning action of the first positioning groove 61 on the first positioning boss 11. The first pawl seat 4 drives the first viscous cam 5 to rotate backward through the first positioning groove 61. Further, the first viscous cam 5 drives the first ratchet 2 to rotate backward through the fluid or the semi-solid, so that the first ratchet 2 rotates backward to output power. At this time, the clutch provided with the viscous cam has a viscous coupling function.

[0142] (3) When the first pawl seat 4 rotates backward relative to the first ratchet 2 to input power beyond a certain speed range, the action of the fluid or the semi-solid on the first viscous cam 5 is greater than the positioning action of the first positioning groove 61 on the first positioning boss 11. Thus, under the action of the fluid or the semi-solid, the first viscous cam 5 can rotate relative to the first pawl seat 4 to the second positioning angle.

[0143] 2. As Figure 21 shown, when the first viscous cam 5 is in the second defined angle position relative to the first pawl seat 4, through the interaction between the first positioning boss 11 and the second positioning groove 62, the first pawl seat 4 has a certain angle positioning effect on the first viscous cam 5.

[0144] (1) When the first pawl seat 4 rotates backward relative to the first ratchet 2 to input power, the axial boss 41 of the first pawl seat 4 drives the first viscous cam 5 to rotate backward. Further, the first viscous cam 5 drives the first ratchet 2 through the fluid or the semi-solid, so that the first ratchet 2 rotates backward to output power. At this time, the clutch provided with the viscous cam has a viscous coupling function.

[0145] (2) When the first pawl seat 4 rotates forward to input power relative to the first ratchet wheel 2 within a certain rotational speed range, the effect of the fluid or the semi-solid on the first viscous cam 5 is less than the positioning effect of the second positioning groove 62 on the first positioning boss 11. The first pawl seat 4 drives the first viscous cam 5 to rotate forward through the second positioning groove 62. Furthermore, the first viscous cam 5 drives the first ratchet wheel 2 to rotate forward through the fluid or the semi-solid, so that the first ratchet wheel 2 rotates forward to output power. At this time, the clutch provided with the viscous cam has the function of a viscous coupling.

[0146] (3) When the first pawl seat 4 rotates forward to input power relative to the first ratchet wheel 2 beyond a certain rotational speed range, the effect of the fluid or the semi-solid on the first viscous cam 5 is greater than the positioning effect of the second positioning groove 62 on the first positioning boss 11. Thus, under the action of the fluid or the semi-solid, the first viscous cam 5 can rotate relative to the first pawl seat 4 to the first positioning angle.

[0147] 3. Similarly, when the first ratchet wheel 2 rotates forward to input power relative to the first pawl seat 4, it has the function of a viscous coupling. When the first ratchet wheel 2 rotates backward to input power relative to the first pawl seat 4, it has the functions of locking and a viscous coupling.

[0148] That is, when the interaction between the first viscous cam 5 and the fluid or the semi-solid exceeds a certain range, and when the first pawl seat 4 has an angular positioning effect on the first viscous cam 5 at the first defined angle and the second defined angle, by controlling the rotational speed magnitude and the rotational direction of the first pawl seat 4 or the first ratchet wheel 2, the clutch provided with the viscous cam can be used as a viscous coupling with a locking function.

[0149] Thus, under certain conditions, the clutch provided with the viscous cam can be used as a viscous coupling with a locking function.

[0150] Embodiment 3

[0151] The clutch provided with a viscous cam, as Figures 22 to 30 shown, includes a first pawl 1, a first ratchet wheel 2, a first return spring 3, a first pawl seat 4, and a first viscous cam 5. Among them, the first pawl seat 4 includes a first pawl seat bracket 10 and a first pawl seat oil groove cover plate 13.

[0152] The first ratchet wheel 2 and the first viscous cam 5 are coaxially arranged with the first pawl seat 4. The first ratchet wheel 2 and the first pawl seat 4 are respectively connected to external components (not shown, where the external components refer to components other than the components of the clutch provided with the viscous cam) through splines. Optionally, to ensure a certain coaxiality between the first ratchet wheel 2 and the first pawl seat 4, the first ratchet wheel 2 can also be rotatably arranged on the first pawl seat 4 through a bearing.

[0153] The first viscous cam 5 is arranged on the first ratchet wheel 2 through clearance fit of the shaft hole, and the first viscous cam 5 is rotatable relative to the first ratchet wheel 2. Optionally, to reduce the frictional resistance of the first viscous cam 5, the first viscous cam 5 can also be rotatably arranged on the first ratchet wheel 2 through a bearing. The radial convex teeth 12 of the first viscous cam 5 cooperate with the radial tooth grooves 32 of the first ratchet wheel 2, so that the first viscous cam 5 is rotatable relative to the first ratchet wheel 2 between a first defined angle and a second defined angle.

[0154] As Figure 28 shown, the first pawl seat oil groove cover plate 13 is arranged on the first pawl seat bracket 10 through interference fit of the shaft hole. Optionally, the first pawl seat oil groove cover plate 13 and the first pawl seat bracket 10 can also be connected to each other in a known technical manner (such as transitional fit of the shaft hole, spline connection or threaded connection, etc.).

[0155] The first pawl seat bracket 10, the first pawl seat oil groove cover plate 13 and the first viscous cam 5 cooperate with each other to jointly enclose a first viscous space 53 as Figure 28 shown. A certain volume or a certain mass of a semi-solid with a certain viscoelasticity (such as grease, etc.) is stored in the first viscous space 53. In the first viscous space 53, the first viscous cam 5 interacts with the first pawl seat 4 through the semi-solid. When the first pawl seat 4 has a tendency to rotate relative to the first viscous cam 5, or when the first pawl seat 4 rotates relative to the first viscous cam 5, under the action of the viscoelastic force of the semi-solid, the first viscous cam 5 is rotatable relative to the first ratchet wheel 2 between the first defined angle and the second defined angle.

[0156] Optionally, considering various factors such as economy, reliability, and working conditions, a fluid with a certain viscosity (such as lubricating oil or argon gas, etc.) with a certain volume or mass can also be stored in the first viscous space 53; the first viscous cam 5 can also form the first viscous space 53 with a certain sealing performance with the first pawl seat 4 in a known technical manner (such as oil seal or labyrinth seal, etc.); in the first viscous space 53, the first viscous cam 5 interacts with the first pawl seat 4 through the fluid; when the first pawl seat 4 rotates relative to the first viscous cam 5, under the action of the viscous force of the fluid, the first viscous cam 5 is rotatable relative to the first ratchet 2.

[0157] As Figure 28 shown, in order to increase the interaction between the first viscous cam 5 and the semi-solid, a series of viscous vanes 51 are provided on the first viscous cam 5. Optionally, the interaction between the first viscous cam 5 and the semi-solid can also be increased by other known technical means.

[0158] The first return spring 3 has a certain elasticity. Under the elastic force of the first return spring 3, the first pawl 1 is arranged on the first pawl seat 4 through clearance fit of the shaft hole, and within a certain angle range, the first pawl 1 is rotatable relative to the first pawl seat 4. The first return spring 3 is arranged in the groove 16 of the first pawl seat bracket 10 and the groove 15 of the first pawl 1, so that under the action of the first return spring 3, the first pawl 1 is axially fixed relative to the first pawl seat 4.

[0159] The first viscous cam 5 interacts with the first pawl 1 through contact. Under the viscoelastic force of the semi-solid, when the first viscous cam 5 rotates relative to the first ratchet 2 to the first defined angular position, under the action of the first return spring 3, the first pawl 1, and the first viscous cam 5, the first pawl seat 4 and the first ratchet 2 selectively achieve engagement and disengagement. At this time, the first pawl seat 4 selectively transmits the power or motion of the first pawl seat 4 to the first ratchet 2, or the first ratchet 2 selectively transmits the power or motion of the first ratchet 2 to the first pawl seat 4. Under the viscoelastic force of the semi-solid, when the first viscous cam 5 rotates relative to the first ratchet 2 to the second defined angular position, under the action of the first return spring 3, the first pawl 1, and the first viscous cam 5, the first pawl seat 4 and the first ratchet 2 are in a separated state.

[0160] Preferably, in the initial state, the first viscous cam 5 is at the first defined angular position relative to the first ratchet wheel 2, and the first pawl seat 4 is in an engaged state with the first ratchet wheel 2, as Figures 22 to 27 shown. At this time, in the reverse direction (opposite to the rotation direction shown by the arrow in the figure), the first ratchet wheel 2 is fixed relative to the first pawl seat 4. When the first ratchet wheel 2 rotates forward relative to the first pawl seat 4 (the rotation direction shown by the arrow in the figure), under the action of the viscoelastic force of the semi-solid, the first viscous cam 5 can rotate relative to the first ratchet wheel 2 to the second defined angular position.

[0161] As Figures 29 to 30 shown, when the first viscous cam 5 rotates relative to the first ratchet wheel 2 to the second defined angular position, the first pawl seat 4 is in a separated state from the first ratchet wheel 2, and in the forward rotation direction (the rotation direction shown by the arrow in the figure), the first ratchet wheel 2 can rotate relative to the first pawl seat 4. When the first ratchet wheel 2 rotates in reverse relative to the first pawl seat 4 (opposite to the rotation direction shown by the arrow in the figure), under the action of the viscoelastic force of the semi-solid, the first viscous cam 5 can rotate relative to the first ratchet wheel 2 to the first defined angular position.

[0162] When the first viscous cam 5 rotates relative to the first ratchet wheel 2 to the first defined angular position, and when the first ratchet wheel 2 rotates in reverse or has a reverse movement tendency relative to the first pawl seat 4, the first pawl seat 4 selectively engages with the first ratchet wheel 2, and the first ratchet wheel 2 can be fixed relative to the first pawl seat 4 in the reverse direction. As Figure 27 shown, when the first viscous cam 5 rotates relative to the first ratchet wheel 2 to the first defined angular position, and when the first pawl seat 4 is in an engaged state with the first ratchet wheel 2, the ratchet groove 18 of the first ratchet wheel 2 and the axial tooth groove 20 of the first viscous cam 5 are engaged with the first pawl 1, and the first ratchet wheel 2 and the first viscous cam 5 are fixed relative to the first pawl seat 4 in the reverse direction.

[0163] When the first viscous cam 5 rotates relative to the first ratchet wheel 2 to the second defined angular position, and when the first ratchet wheel 2 rotates forward relative to the first pawl seat 4, as Figure 30As shown, the tooth top surface 19 of the first viscous cam 5 and the tooth top surface 17 of the first ratchet wheel 2 are axially joined to form a cylindrical surface, and the first pawl 1 contacts the joined cylindrical surface, thus avoiding continuous impact between the pawl and the ratchet wheel at this time. Although there is mechanical friction between the pawl and the joined cylindrical surface at this time, within the first viscous space 53, the first viscous cam 5 is connected to the first pawl seat 4 through the semi-solid, so that mechanical friction between the first viscous cam 5 and the first pawl seat 4 is avoided or reduced.

[0164] In addition, when the first viscous cam 5 rotates relative to the first pawl seat 4, heat will continuously be generated by the semi-solid within the first viscous space 53. As Figures 22 to 25 shown, a series of heat dissipation fins 23 are provided on the first pawl seat oil groove cover plate 13. When the first pawl seat oil groove cover plate 13 rotates, the heat dissipation fins 23 can dissipate the heat of the first viscous space 53 through convection. Optionally, the heat of the first viscous space 53 can also be dissipated by known techniques (such as heat conduction, heat radiation or setting up a dedicated heat dissipation system, etc.).

[0165] Embodiment 4

[0166] A clutch provided with a viscous cam, as Figures 31 to 37 shown, includes a first pawl 1, a first ratchet wheel 2, a first return spring 3, a first viscous cam 5, a first pawl holder 6, a second ratchet wheel 7, a third bearing 33, and a fourth bearing 34. Among them, the first ratchet wheel 2 includes a first ratchet wheel bracket 21 and a first ratchet wheel oil groove cover plate 22; the second ratchet wheel 7 includes a second ratchet wheel bracket 71 and a second ratchet wheel oil groove cover plate 72.

[0167] The first ratchet wheel 2 and the first viscous cam 5 are both coaxially arranged with the second ratchet wheel 7. The first ratchet wheel 2 and the second ratchet wheel 7 are respectively connected to external components (not shown, the external components refer to components other than the components of the "clutch provided with a viscous cam") through splines. Optionally, to ensure a certain coaxiality between the first ratchet wheel 2 and the second ratchet wheel 7, the first ratchet wheel 2 can also be rotatably arranged on the second ratchet wheel 7 through a bearing.

[0168] The first viscous cam 5 is rotatably arranged on the first pawl holder 6 through the third bearing 33, and the first viscous cam 5 is rotatable relative to the first pawl holder 6. Optionally, to simplify the structure and save costs, the first viscous cam 5 can also be rotatably arranged on the first pawl holder 6 through clearance fit of the shaft hole. The radial convex teeth 56 of the first pawl holder 6 cooperate with the radial tooth grooves 58 of the first viscous cam 5, so that the first viscous cam 5 can rotate relative to the first pawl holder 6 between a first defined angle and a second defined angle.

[0169] As Figure 36 shown, the first ratchet oil groove cover plate 22 is arranged on the first ratchet bracket 21 through interference fit of the shaft hole. The second ratchet oil groove cover plate 72 is arranged on the second ratchet bracket 71 through interference fit of the shaft hole.

[0170] The first ratchet oil groove cover plate 22, the first ratchet bracket 21 and the first pawl holder 6 cooperate with each other to jointly enclose a second viscous space 57 as Figure 36 shown. The second ratchet oil groove cover plate 72, the second ratchet bracket 71 and the first viscous cam 5 cooperate with each other to jointly enclose a first viscous space 53 as Figure 36 shown. A semi-solid (such as grease, etc.) with a certain viscoelasticity of a certain volume or a certain mass is stored in the first viscous space 53. A semi-solid (such as grease, etc.) with a certain viscoelasticity of a certain volume or a certain mass is stored in the second viscous space 57. In the first viscous space 53, the first viscous cam 5 interacts with the second ratchet 7 through the semi-solid. In the second viscous space 57, the first pawl holder 6 interacts with the first ratchet 2 through the semi-solid.

[0171] When the first ratchet 2 rotates relative to the second ratchet 7, under the action of the viscoelastic force of the semi-solid, the first viscous cam 5 can rotate relative to the first pawl holder 6 between the first defined angle and the second defined angle.

[0172] Optionally, considering various factors such as economy, reliability, and working condition requirements, a fluid with a certain viscosity (such as lubricating oil or argon gas, etc.) with a certain volume or mass can also be stored in the first viscous space 53; the first viscous cam 5 can also form the first viscous space 53 with a certain sealing property with the second ratchet 7 in a known technical manner (such as oil seal or labyrinth seal, etc.); the first pawl holder 6 can also form the second viscous space 57 with a certain sealing property with the first ratchet 2 in a known technical manner (such as oil seal or labyrinth seal, etc.); in the first viscous space 53, the first viscous cam 5 interacts with the second ratchet 7 through the fluid; in the second viscous space 57, the first pawl holder 6 interacts with the first ratchet 2 through the fluid; when the first ratchet 2 rotates relative to the second ratchet 7, under the action of the viscous force of the fluid, the first viscous cam 5 can rotate relative to the first pawl holder 6.

[0173] As Figure 36 shown, in order to increase the interaction between the first viscous cam 5 and the semi-solid, a series of viscous vanes 51 are provided on both the first viscous cam 5 and the first pawl holder 6.

[0174] The first return spring 3 has a certain elasticity, and the first return spring 3 is arranged on the first pawl holder 6. Under the elastic force of the first return spring 3, the first pawl 1 is arranged on the first pawl holder 6 through clearance fit of the shaft hole, and within a certain angular range, the first pawl 1 can rotate relative to the first pawl holder 6. The first pawl 1 is axially fixed relative to the first pawl holder 6.

[0175] The first viscous cam 5 interacts with the first pawl 1 through contact, and the diameter of the tooth top surface 19 of the first viscous cam 5 is smaller than the diameter of the tooth top surface 35 of the second ratchet 7 (as Figures 32 to 33 and Figures 36 to 37 shown).

[0176] When the first viscous cam 5 rotates relative to the first pawl holder 6 to the first defined angular position, under the action of the first return spring 3, the first pawl 1, and the first viscous cam 5, the second ratchet wheel 7 and the first ratchet wheel 2 selectively achieve engagement and disengagement. At this time, the second ratchet wheel 7 selectively transmits the power or motion of the second ratchet wheel 7 to the first ratchet wheel 2, or the first ratchet wheel 2 selectively transmits the power or motion of the first ratchet wheel 2 to the second ratchet wheel 7. When the first viscous cam 5 rotates relative to the first pawl holder 6 to the second defined angular position, under the action of the first return spring 3, the first pawl 1, and the first viscous cam 5, the first pawl 1 is disengaged from contact with the first ratchet wheel 2, and the first pawl 1 is disengaged from contact with the second ratchet wheel 7, and the second ratchet wheel 7 and the first ratchet wheel 2 are in a separated state.

[0177] Preferably, in the initial state, the first viscous cam 5 is in the first defined angular position relative to the first pawl holder 6, and the second ratchet wheel 7 and the first ratchet wheel 2 are in an engaged state, as Figures 31 to 35 shown. At this time, in the reverse direction (opposite to the rotation direction shown by the arrow in the figure), the first ratchet wheel 2 is fixed relative to the second ratchet wheel 7. When the first ratchet wheel 2 rotates forward relative to the second ratchet wheel 7 (the rotation direction shown by the arrow in the figure), under the action of the viscoelastic force of the semi-solid, the first viscous cam 5 can rotate relative to the first pawl holder 6 to the second defined angular position.

[0178] As Figure 37 shown, when the first viscous cam 5 rotates relative to the first pawl holder 6 to the second defined angular position, the first pawl 1 is disengaged from contact with the first ratchet wheel 2, and the first pawl 1 is disengaged from contact with the second ratchet wheel 7, and the second ratchet wheel 7 and the first ratchet wheel 2 are in a separated state. In the forward direction (the rotation direction shown by the arrow in the figure), the first ratchet wheel 2 can rotate relative to the second ratchet wheel 7. When the first ratchet wheel 2 rotates in reverse relative to the second ratchet wheel 7 (opposite to the rotation direction shown by the arrow in the figure), under the action of the viscoelastic force of the semi-solid, the first viscous cam 5 can rotate relative to the first pawl holder 6 to the first defined angular position.

[0179] When the first viscous cam 5 rotates relative to the first pawl holder 6 to the first defined angular position, and when the first ratchet wheel 2 rotates in reverse relative to the second ratchet wheel 7, the second ratchet wheel 7 and the first ratchet wheel 2 can selectively achieve engagement, and the first ratchet wheel 2 can be fixed relative to the second ratchet wheel 7 in the reverse direction. As Figures 34 to 35As shown, when the second ratchet wheel 7 and the first ratchet wheel 2 are in an engaged state, the first ratchet wheel 2 is fixed relative to the second ratchet wheel 7 in the reverse direction.

[0180] When the first viscous cam 5 rotates relative to the first pawl holder 6 to the second defined angular position, and when the first ratchet wheel 2 rotates forward relative to the second ratchet wheel 7, as Figure 37 shown, the first pawl 1 is disengaged from the first ratchet wheel 2, and the first pawl 1 is disengaged from the second ratchet wheel 7, thereby avoiding or reducing the mechanical friction between the pawl and the ratchet wheel at this time.

[0181] Moreover, within the first viscous space 53, the first viscous cam 5 interacts with the second ratchet wheel 7 through the semi-solid, thereby avoiding or reducing the mechanical friction between the first viscous cam 5 and the second ratchet wheel 7. Within the second viscous space 57, the first pawl holder 6 interacts with the first ratchet wheel 2 through the semi-solid, thereby avoiding or reducing the mechanical friction between the first pawl holder 6 and the first ratchet wheel 2.

[0182] As Figures 31 to 34 shown, a series of heat dissipation fins 23 are provided on both the first ratchet wheel oil sump cover 22 and the second ratchet wheel oil sump cover 72. When the first ratchet wheel oil sump cover 22 and the second ratchet wheel oil sump cover 72 rotate, the heat dissipation fins 23 can dissipate the heat of the first viscous space 53 and the second viscous space 57 through convection. Optionally, the heat of the first viscous space 53 and the second viscous space 57 can also be dissipated by known techniques (such as heat conduction, heat radiation or setting up a dedicated heat dissipation system, etc.).

[0183] Embodiment 5

[0184] A clutch provided with a viscous cam, as Figures 38 to 45 shown, includes a first pawl 1, a first friction wheel 8, a first return spring 3, a first pawl seat 4, a first viscous cam 5, and a third bearing 33. Among them, the first friction wheel 8 includes a first friction wheel bracket 81 and a first friction wheel oil sump cover 82.

[0185] The first friction wheel 8 and the first viscous cam 5 are both coaxially arranged with the first pawl seat 4. The first friction wheel 8 and the first pawl seat 4 are respectively connected to external components (not shown, the external components refer to components other than the components of the "clutch provided with a viscous cam") through splines. Optionally, to ensure a certain coaxiality between the first friction wheel 8 and the first pawl seat 4, the first friction wheel 8 can also be rotatably arranged on the first pawl seat 4 through a bearing.

[0186] The first viscous cam 5 is rotatably arranged on the first pawl seat 4 through a third bearing 33, and the first viscous cam 5 is rotatable relative to the first pawl seat 4. Optionally, to simplify the structure and save costs, the first viscous cam 5 can also be rotatably arranged on the first pawl seat 4 through clearance fit of a shaft hole. The radial convex teeth 12 of the first viscous cam 5 cooperate with the radial tooth grooves 25 of the first pawl seat 4, so that the first viscous cam 5 is rotatable relative to the first pawl seat 4 between a first defined angle and a second defined angle.

[0187] As Figure 43 shown, the first friction wheel oil groove cover plate 82 is arranged on the first friction wheel bracket 81 through interference fit of a shaft hole.

[0188] The first friction wheel oil groove cover plate 82, the first friction wheel bracket 81 and the first viscous cam 5 cooperate with each other to jointly enclose a first viscous space 53 as Figure 43 shown. A semi-solid (such as grease, etc.) with a certain viscoelasticity and a certain volume or mass is stored in the first viscous space 53. In the first viscous space 53, the first viscous cam 5 interacts with the first friction wheel 8 through the semi-solid. When the first friction wheel 8 has a tendency to rotate relative to the first viscous cam 5, or when the first friction wheel 8 rotates relative to the first viscous cam 5, under the action of the viscoelastic force of the semi-solid, the first viscous cam 5 is rotatable relative to the first pawl seat 4 between the first defined angle and the second defined angle.

[0189] Optionally, considering various factors such as economy, reliability, and working conditions, a fluid (such as lubricating oil or argon, etc.) with a certain viscosity and a certain volume or mass can also be stored in the first viscous space 53; the first viscous cam 5 can also form the first viscous space 53 with a certain sealing property with the first friction wheel 8 in a known technical manner (such as oil seal or labyrinth seal, etc.); in the first viscous space 53, the first viscous cam 5 interacts with the first friction wheel 8 through the fluid; when the first friction wheel 8 rotates relative to the first viscous cam 5, under the action of the viscous force of the fluid, the first viscous cam 5 is rotatable relative to the first pawl seat 4.

[0190] As Figure 43 shown, in order to increase the interaction between the first viscous cam 5 and the semi-solid, a series of viscous blades 51 are provided on the first viscous cam 5. Optionally, the interaction between the first viscous cam 5 and the semi-solid can also be increased by other known technical means.

[0191] The first return spring 3 has a certain elasticity and is arranged on the first pawl seat 4. Under the elastic force of the first return spring 3, the first pawl 1 is arranged on the first pawl seat 4 through clearance fit of the shaft hole, and within a certain angular range, the first pawl 1 is rotatable relative to the first pawl seat 4. Under the action of the riveting boss 31 of the first pawl 1, the first pawl 1 is axially fixed relative to the first pawl seat 4.

[0192] The first viscous cam 5 interacts with the first pawl 1 through contact. When the first viscous cam 5 rotates relative to the first pawl seat 4 to the first defined angular position, under the action of the first return spring 3, the first pawl 1, and the first viscous cam 5, the first pawl seat 4 and the first friction wheel 8 selectively engage and disengage. At this time, the first pawl seat 4 selectively transmits the power or motion of the first pawl seat 4 to the first friction wheel 8, or the first friction wheel 8 selectively transmits the power or motion of the first friction wheel 8 to the first pawl seat 4. When the first viscous cam 5 rotates relative to the first pawl seat 4 to the second defined angular position, under the action of the first return spring 3, the first pawl 1, and the first viscous cam 5, the first pawl 1 is disengaged from the first friction wheel 8, and the first pawl seat 4 and the first friction wheel 8 are in a separated state.

[0193] Preferably, in the initial state, the first viscous cam 5 is in the first defined angular position relative to the first pawl seat 4, and the first pawl seat 4 and the first friction wheel 8 are in an engaged state, as Figures 38 to 42 shown. At this time, in the reverse direction (opposite to the rotation direction shown by the arrow in the figure), the first friction wheel 8 is fixed relative to the first pawl seat 4. When the first friction wheel 8 rotates forward (the rotation direction shown by the arrow in the figure) relative to the first pawl seat 4, under the action of the viscoelastic force of the semi-solid, the first viscous cam 5 can rotate relative to the first pawl seat 4 to the second defined angular position.

[0194] As Figures 44 to 45 shown, when the first viscous cam 5 rotates relative to the first pawl seat 4 to the second defined angular position, the first pawl 1 is disengaged from the first friction wheel 8, and the first pawl seat 4 and the first friction wheel 8 are in a separated state. In the forward direction (the rotation direction shown by the arrow in the figure), the first friction wheel 8 is rotatable relative to the first pawl seat 4. When the first friction wheel 8 rotates in reverse (opposite to the rotation direction shown by the arrow in the figure) relative to the first pawl seat 4, under the action of the viscoelastic force of the semi-solid, the first viscous cam 5 can rotate relative to the first pawl seat 4 to the first defined angular position.

[0195] When the first viscous cam 5 rotates relative to the first pawl seat 4 to the first defined angular position, and when the first friction wheel 8 rotates in the reverse direction or has a reverse movement tendency relative to the first pawl seat 4, the first pawl seat 4 engages with the first friction wheel 8, and the first friction wheel 8 is fixed relative to the first pawl seat 4 in the reverse direction. As Figures 41 to 42 shown, when the first pawl seat 4 and the first friction wheel 8 are in an engaged state, the first friction wheel 8 is fixed relative to the first pawl seat 4 in the reverse direction.

[0196] When the first viscous cam 5 rotates relative to the first pawl seat 4 to the second defined angular position, and when the first friction wheel 8 rotates in the forward direction relative to the first pawl seat 4, as Figures 44 to 45 shown, the first pawl 1 is disengaged from the first friction wheel 8, thereby avoiding or reducing the mechanical friction between the pawl and the ratchet at this time.

[0197] Moreover, within the first viscous space 53, the first viscous cam 5 interacts with the first friction wheel 8 through the semi-solid, thereby avoiding or reducing the mechanical friction between the first viscous cam 5 and the first friction wheel 8.

[0198] In addition, when the first viscous cam 5 rotates relative to the first friction wheel 8, heat is continuously generated by the semi-solid within the first viscous space 53. As Figures 38 to 40 shown, a series of heat dissipation fins 23 are provided on the first friction wheel oil sump cover 82. When the first friction wheel oil sump cover 82 rotates, the heat dissipation fins 23 can dissipate the heat of the first viscous space 53 through convection. Optionally, the heat of the first viscous space 53 can also be dissipated by known techniques (such as heat conduction, heat radiation, or setting up a dedicated heat dissipation system, etc.).

[0199] Embodiment 6

[0200] A clutch provided with a viscous cam, as Figures 46 to 53 shown, includes a first pawl 1, a first friction wheel 8, a first return spring 3, a first pawl seat 4, and a first viscous cam 5. Among them, the first friction wheel 8 includes a first friction wheel bracket 81 and a first friction wheel oil sump cover 82; the first viscous cam 5 includes a first cam bracket 50 and a second cam bracket 52.

[0201] Under the action of the riveting boss 31 of the first pawl 1, the first cam bracket 50 and the second cam bracket 52 are connected to each other.

[0202] The first friction wheel 8 and the first viscous cam 5 are both coaxially arranged with the first pawl seat 4. The first friction wheel 8 and the first pawl seat 4 are respectively connected to external components (not shown, where the external components refer to components other than those of the "clutch provided with a viscous cam") through splines. Optionally, to ensure a certain coaxiality between the first friction wheel 8 and the first pawl seat 4, the first friction wheel 8 can also be rotatably arranged on the first pawl seat 4 through a bearing.

[0203] The first viscous cam 5 is rotatably arranged on the first pawl seat 4 through clearance fit of the shaft hole. Optionally, to reduce the frictional resistance of the first viscous cam 5, the first viscous cam 5 can also be rotatably arranged on the first pawl seat 4 through a bearing. The radial convex teeth 54 of the first cam bracket 50 cooperate with the radial tooth grooves 25 of the first pawl seat 4, so that the first viscous cam 5 can rotate relative to the first pawl seat 4 between a first defined angle and a second defined angle. The first cam bracket 50 and the second cam bracket 52 respectively interact with the first pawl seat 4 through contact, and under the action of the riveting boss 31 of the first pawl 1, the first viscous cam 5 is axially fixed relative to the first pawl seat 4.

[0204] As Figure 51 shown, the first friction wheel oil groove cover plate 82 is arranged on the first friction wheel bracket 81 through interference fit of the shaft hole.

[0205] The first friction wheel oil groove cover plate 82, the first friction wheel bracket 81 and the first cam bracket 50 cooperate with each other to jointly enclose a first viscous space 53 as Figure 51 shown. A semi-solid (such as grease, etc.) with a certain viscoelasticity and a certain volume or mass is stored in the first viscous space 53. In the first viscous space 53, the first viscous cam 5 interacts with the first friction wheel 8 through the semi-solid. When the first friction wheel 8 has a tendency to rotate relative to the first viscous cam 5, or when the first friction wheel 8 rotates relative to the first viscous cam 5, under the action of the viscoelastic force of the semi-solid, the first viscous cam 5 can rotate relative to the first pawl seat 4 between the first defined angle and the second defined angle.

[0206] Optionally, considering various factors such as economy, reliability, and working conditions, a fluid with a certain viscosity (e.g., lubricating oil or argon gas) of a certain volume or mass can also be stored in the first viscous space 53; the first viscous cam 5 can also form the first viscous space 53 with a certain sealing property with the first friction wheel 8 in a known technical manner (such as oil seal, magnetic fluid seal, or labyrinth seal, etc.); in the first viscous space 53, the first viscous cam 5 interacts with the first friction wheel 8 through the fluid; when the first friction wheel 8 rotates relative to the first viscous cam 5, under the action of the viscous force of the fluid, the first viscous cam 5 can rotate relative to the first pawl seat 4.

[0207] As Figure 51 shown, in order to increase the interaction between the first viscous cam 5 and the liquid, a series of viscous vanes 51 are provided on the first viscous cam 5. Optionally, the interaction between the first viscous cam 5 and the semi-solid can also be increased by other known technical means.

[0208] The first return spring 3 has a certain elasticity. The first return spring 3 is arranged on the first cam bracket 50, and the first return spring 3 is connected to the first pawl 1. The first pawl 1 is arranged on the first viscous cam 5 through clearance fit of the shaft hole, and under the elastic force of the first return spring 3, within a certain angle range, the first pawl 1 can rotate relative to the first viscous cam 5. And, under the action of the riveting boss 22 of the first pawl 1, the first pawl 1 is axially fixed relative to the first viscous cam 5.

[0209] The first pawl seat 4 interacts with the first pawl 1 through contact. Under the action of the viscoelastic force of the semi-solid, the first viscous cam 5 can rotate relative to the first pawl seat 4. When the first viscous cam 5 rotates relative to the first pawl seat 4 to the first limited angle position, under the action of the first return spring 3, the first pawl 1, and the first viscous cam 5, the first pawl seat 4 and the first friction wheel 8 selectively engage and disengage. At this time, the first pawl seat 4 selectively transmits the power or motion of the first pawl seat 4 to the first friction wheel 8, or the first friction wheel 8 selectively transmits the power or motion of the first friction wheel 8 to the first pawl seat 4. When the first viscous cam 5 rotates relative to the first pawl seat 4 to the second limited angle position, under the action of the first return spring 3, the first pawl 1, and the first viscous cam 5, the first pawl 1 is separated from contact with the first friction wheel 8, and the first pawl seat 4 and the first friction wheel 8 are in a separated state.

[0210] Preferably, in the initial state, the first viscous cam 5 is in the first defined angular position relative to the first pawl seat 4, and the first pawl seat 4 is in an engaged state with the first friction wheel 8, as Figures 46 to 50 shown. At this time, in the reverse direction (opposite to the rotation direction shown by the arrow in the figure), the first friction wheel 8 is fixed relative to the first pawl seat 4. When the first friction wheel 8 rotates forward relative to the first pawl seat 4 (the rotation direction shown by the arrow in the figure), under the action of the viscoelastic force of the semi-solid, the first viscous cam 5 can rotate relative to the first pawl seat 4 to the second defined angular position.

[0211] As Figures 52 to 53 shown, when the first viscous cam 5 rotates relative to the first pawl seat 4 to the second defined angular position, the first pawl 1 is disengaged from the first friction wheel 8, and the first pawl seat 4 is in a separated state from the first friction wheel 8. In the forward rotation direction (the rotation direction shown by the arrow in the figure), the first friction wheel 8 can rotate relative to the first pawl seat 4. When the first friction wheel 8 rotates in reverse relative to the first pawl seat 4 (opposite to the rotation direction shown by the arrow in the figure), under the action of the viscoelastic force of the semi-solid, the first viscous cam 5 can rotate relative to the first pawl seat 4 to the first defined angular position.

[0212] When the first viscous cam 5 rotates relative to the first pawl seat 4 to the first defined angular position, and when the first friction wheel 8 rotates in reverse or has a reverse movement tendency relative to the first pawl seat 4, the first pawl seat 4 is engaged with the first friction wheel 8, and the first friction wheel 8 is fixed relative to the first pawl seat 4 in the reverse direction. As Figures 49 to 50 shown, when the first pawl seat 4 is in an engaged state with the first friction wheel 8, the first friction wheel 8 is fixed relative to the first pawl seat 4 in the reverse direction.

[0213] When the first viscous cam 5 rotates relative to the first pawl seat 4 to the second defined angular position, and when the first friction wheel 8 rotates forward relative to the first pawl seat 4, as Figures 52 to 53 shown, the first pawl 1 is disengaged from the first friction wheel 8, thereby avoiding or reducing the mechanical friction between the pawl and the ratchet at this time.

[0214] Moreover, within the first viscous space 53, the first viscous cam 5 interacts with the first friction wheel 8 through the semi-solid, so that the mechanical friction between the first viscous cam 5 and the first friction wheel 8 is avoided or reduced.

[0215] In addition, when the first viscous cam 5 rotates relative to the first friction wheel 8, heat will continuously be generated in the first viscous space 53 by the semi-solid. As Figures 46 to 48 shown, a series of heat dissipation fins 23 are provided on the first friction wheel oil sump cover 82. When the first friction wheel oil sump cover 82 rotates, the heat dissipation fins 23 can dissipate the heat in the first viscous space 53 through convection. Optionally, the heat in the first viscous space 53 can also be dissipated by known techniques (such as heat conduction, heat radiation, or by setting up a dedicated heat dissipation system, etc.).

[0216] Embodiment 7

[0217] A clutch provided with a viscous cam, as Figures 54 to 61 shown, includes a first pawl 1, a first friction wheel 8, a first return spring 3, a first viscous cam 5, a first pawl holder 6, and a second friction wheel 9. Among them, the first friction wheel 8 includes a first friction wheel bracket 81 and a first friction wheel oil sump cover 82; the second friction wheel 9 includes a second friction wheel bracket 91 and a second friction wheel oil sump cover 92; the first pawl holder 6 includes a first pawl holding bracket 37 and a second pawl holding bracket 38.

[0218] Under the action of the riveting boss 31 of the first pawl 1, the first pawl holding bracket 37 and the second pawl holding bracket 38 are connected to each other.

[0219] The first friction wheel 8 and the first viscous cam 5 are both arranged coaxially with the second friction wheel 9. The first friction wheel 8 and the second friction wheel 9 are respectively connected to external components (not shown, the external components refer to components other than the components of the "clutch provided with a viscous cam") through splines. Optionally, to ensure a certain coaxiality between the first friction wheel 8 and the second friction wheel 9, the first friction wheel 8 can also be rotatably arranged on the second friction wheel 9 through a bearing.

[0220] An axial clearance fit is adopted between the axial boss 36 of the first viscous cam 5 and the first pawl holder 6, so that the first viscous cam 5 is rotatably arranged on the first pawl holder 6. Optionally, to reduce the frictional resistance of the first viscous cam 5, the first viscous cam 5 can also be rotatably arranged on the first pawl holder 6 through a bearing. The axial boss 36 of the first viscous cam 5 cooperates with the radial teeth 39 of the first pawl holding bracket 37, so that the first viscous cam 5 can rotate relative to the first pawl holder 6 between a first defined angle and a second defined angle. And under the action of the riveting boss 31 of the first pawl 1, the first pawl holder 6 is fixed axially relative to the second friction wheel 9.

[0221] As Figure 59 shown, the first friction wheel oil groove cover plate 82 is arranged on the first friction wheel bracket 81 through interference fit of the shaft hole. The second friction wheel oil groove cover plate 92 is arranged on the second friction wheel bracket 91 through interference fit of the shaft hole.

[0222] The first friction wheel oil groove cover plate 82, the first friction wheel bracket 81 and the first pawl holder 6 cooperate with each other to jointly enclose the second viscous space 57 as Figure 59 shown. Similarly, the second friction wheel oil groove cover plate 92, the second friction wheel bracket 91 and the first viscous cam 5 cooperate with each other to jointly enclose the first viscous space 53 as Figure 59 shown. A semi-solid with a certain viscoelasticity (such as grease, etc.) with a certain volume or a certain mass is stored in the first viscous space 53, and a semi-solid with a certain viscoelasticity (such as grease, etc.) with a certain volume or a certain mass is stored in the second viscous space 57. In the first viscous space 53, the first viscous cam 5 acts on the second friction wheel 9 through the semi-solid. In the second viscous space 57, the first pawl holder 6 acts on the first friction wheel 8 through the semi-solid.

[0223] When the first friction wheel 8 rotates relative to the second friction wheel 9, under the action of the viscoelastic force of the semi-solid, the first viscous cam 5 is rotatable relative to the first pawl holder 6 between the first defined angle and the second defined angle.

[0224] Optionally, considering various factors such as economy, reliability, working conditions requirements, etc., a fluid with a certain viscosity (such as lubricating oil or argon, etc.) with a certain volume or a certain mass can also be stored in the first viscous space 53; a fluid with a certain viscosity (such as lubricating oil or argon, etc.) with a certain volume or a certain mass can also be stored in the second viscous space 57; the first viscous cam 5 can also form the first viscous space 53 with a certain sealing performance with the second friction wheel 9 in a known technical manner (such as oil seal or labyrinth seal, etc.); the first pawl holder 6 can also form the second viscous space 57 with a certain sealing performance with the first friction wheel 8 in a known technical manner (such as oil seal or labyrinth seal, etc.); in the first viscous space 53, the first viscous cam 5 acts on the second friction wheel 9 through the fluid; in the second viscous space 57, the first pawl holder 6 acts on the first friction wheel 8 through the fluid; when the first friction wheel 8 rotates relative to the second friction wheel 9, under the action of the viscous force of the fluid, the first viscous cam 5 is rotatable relative to the first pawl holder 6.

[0225] As Figure 59 shown, in order to increase the interaction between the first viscous cam 5 and the semi-solid, a series of viscous vanes 51 are provided on the first viscous cam 5. Similarly, in order to increase the interaction between the first pawl holder 6 and the semi-solid, a series of viscous vanes 51 are provided on the first pawl holder 6.

[0226] The first return spring 3 has a certain elasticity and is arranged on the first pawl holding bracket 37. Under the elastic force of the first return spring 3, the first pawl 1 is arranged on the first pawl holder 6 through clearance fit of the shaft hole, and within a certain angular range, the first pawl 1 is rotatable relative to the first pawl holder 6. Under the action of the riveting boss 31 of the first pawl 1, the first pawl 1 is axially fixed relative to the first pawl holder 6.

[0227] The first viscous cam 5 interacts with the first pawl 1 through contact. When the first viscous cam 5 rotates relative to the first pawl holder 6 to the first defined angular position, under the action of the first return spring 3, the first pawl 1, and the first viscous cam 5, the second friction wheel 9 and the first friction wheel 8 are selectively disengaged and engaged. At this time, the second friction wheel 9 selectively transmits the power or motion of the second friction wheel 9 to the first friction wheel 8, or the first friction wheel 8 selectively transmits the power or motion of the first friction wheel 8 to the second friction wheel 9. When the first viscous cam 5 rotates relative to the first pawl holder 6 to the second defined angular position, under the action of the first return spring 3, the first pawl 1, and the first viscous cam 5, the first pawl 1 is disengaged from contact with the first friction wheel 8, and the first pawl 1 is disengaged from contact with the second friction wheel 9, and the second friction wheel 9 and the first friction wheel 8 are in a separated state.

[0228] Preferably, in the initial state, the first viscous cam 5 is in the first defined angular position relative to the first pawl holder 6, and the second friction wheel 9 and the first friction wheel 8 are in an engaged state, as Figures 54 to 58 shown. At this time, in the reverse direction (opposite to the rotation direction shown by the arrow in the figure), the first friction wheel 8 is fixed relative to the second friction wheel 9. When the first friction wheel 8 rotates forward (the rotation direction shown by the arrow in the figure) relative to the second friction wheel 9, under the action of the viscoelastic force of the semi-solid, the first viscous cam 5 can rotate relative to the first pawl holder 6 to the second defined angular position.

[0229] As Figures 60 to 61As shown, when the first viscous cam 5 rotates relative to the first pawl holder 6 to the second defined angular position, the first pawl 1 disengages from the first friction wheel 8 and the first pawl 1 also disengages from the second friction wheel 9. The second friction wheel 9 is in a separated state from the first friction wheel 8, and the first friction wheel 8 is rotatable relative to the second friction wheel 9 in the forward rotation direction (the rotation direction indicated by the arrow in the figure). When the first friction wheel 8 rotates in reverse (opposite to the rotation direction indicated by the arrow in the figure) relative to the second friction wheel 9, under the action of the viscoelastic force of the semi-solid, the first viscous cam 5 is rotatable relative to the first pawl holder 6 to the first defined angular position.

[0230] When the first viscous cam 5 rotates relative to the first pawl holder 6 to the first defined angular position, and when the first friction wheel 8 rotates in reverse or has a reverse movement tendency relative to the second friction wheel 9, the second friction wheel 9 engages with the first friction wheel 8, and the first friction wheel 8 is fixed relative to the second friction wheel 9 in the reverse rotation direction. As Figures 57 to 58 shown, when the second friction wheel 9 is in an engaged state with the first friction wheel 8, the first friction wheel 8 is fixed relative to the second friction wheel 9 in the reverse rotation direction.

[0231] When the first viscous cam 5 rotates relative to the first pawl holder 6 to the second defined angular position, and when the first friction wheel 8 rotates forward relative to the second friction wheel 9, as Figures 60 to 61 shown, the first pawl 1 disengages from the first friction wheel 8 and the first pawl 1 also disengages from the second friction wheel 9, thereby avoiding or reducing the mechanical friction between the pawl and the ratchet at this time.

[0232] Moreover, within the first viscous space 53, the first viscous cam 5 interacts with the second friction wheel 9 through the semi-solid, thereby avoiding or reducing the mechanical friction between the first viscous cam 5 and the second friction wheel 9. Within the second viscous space 57, the first pawl holder 6 interacts with the first friction wheel 8 through the semi-solid, thereby avoiding or reducing the mechanical friction between the first pawl holder 6 and the first friction wheel 8.

[0233] As Figures 54 to 57As shown, a series of heat dissipation fins 23 are provided on both the first friction wheel oil sump cover plate 82 and the second friction wheel oil sump cover plate 92. When the first friction wheel oil sump cover plate 82 and the second friction wheel oil sump cover plate 92 rotate, the heat dissipation fins 23 can dissipate the heat in the first viscous space 53 and the second viscous space 57 through convection. Optionally, the heat in the first viscous space 53 and the second viscous space 57 can also be dissipated by known techniques (such as heat conduction, heat radiation, or setting up a dedicated heat dissipation system, etc.).

[0234] It should be noted that the above embodiments are illustrative of the present invention rather than restrictive, and those skilled in the art can design alternative embodiments without departing from the scope of the appended claims. Therefore, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-restrictive. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description. Accordingly, all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are intended to be embraced within the present invention, and any reference signs in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claims involved. In the claims, the word "comprising" does not exclude the presence of data, steps, or components not listed in the claims.

[0235] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in terms of embodiments, not every embodiment only includes an independent technical solution. This narrative way of the specification is only for clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments understandable to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A clutch provided with a viscous cam, used to connect at least two parts of a machine, device, transmission system or mechanism, and / or used to selectively realize the clutch function of the connected moving parts, and / or used to selectively realize the braking function of the connected moving parts, characterized in that: The clutch provided with a viscous cam comprises: a viscous cam, an active semi-clutch, a passive semi-clutch, and a coupling member; and / or The viscous cam interacts with the passive semi-clutch directly or indirectly through a fluid of a certain viscosity or a semi-solid of a certain viscoelasticity, or the viscous cam interacts with the active semi-clutch directly or indirectly through a fluid of a certain viscosity or a semi-solid of a certain viscoelasticity; and / or When the viscous cam interacts with the passive semi-clutch directly or indirectly through the fluid, when the passive semi-clutch rotates relative to the viscous cam, the viscous cam is rotatable relative to the active semi-clutch under the direct or indirect action of the viscous force of the fluid; and / or When the viscous cam interacts with the passive semi-clutch directly or indirectly through the semi-solid, when the passive semi-clutch has a tendency to rotate relative to the viscous cam, or when the passive semi-clutch rotates relative to the viscous cam, the viscous cam can rotate relative to the active semi-clutch under the direct or indirect action of the viscoelastic force of the semi-solid; and / or When the viscous cam interacts with the active half-clutch directly or indirectly through the fluid, when the active half-clutch rotates relative to the viscous cam, the viscous cam is rotatable relative to the passive half-clutch under the direct or indirect action of the viscous force of the fluid; and / or When the viscous cam interacts with the active semi-clutch directly or indirectly through the semi-solid, when the active semi-clutch has a tendency to rotate relative to the viscous cam, or when the active semi-clutch rotates relative to the viscous cam, the viscous cam can rotate relative to the passive semi-clutch under the direct or indirect action of the viscoelastic force of the semi-solid; and / or The viscous cam is directly or indirectly connected to the engaging member; and / or Under the direct or indirect action of the viscous cam, the active half-clutch and the passive half-clutch are selectively clutched through the engagement member; and / or The active semi-clutch and the passive semi-clutch are respectively connected to parts of the machine, or the active semi-clutch and the passive semi-clutch are respectively connected to parts of the device, or the active semi-clutch and the passive semi-clutch are respectively connected to parts of the transmission system, or the active semi-clutch and the passive semi-clutch are respectively connected to parts of the mechanism.

2. The clutch with a viscous cam according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clutch provided with a viscous cam further comprises a return spring; and / or The active semi-clutch comprises a pawl seat, the passive semi-clutch comprises a ratchet wheel, and the engaging member comprises a pawl; and / or The viscous cam is directly or indirectly arranged on the pawl seat, or the viscous cam is directly or indirectly arranged on the ratchet wheel; and / or When the viscous cam is directly or indirectly arranged on the pawl seat, the viscous cam interacts with the ratchet wheel directly or indirectly through the fluid, and when the ratchet wheel rotates relative to the viscous cam, the viscous cam is rotatable relative to the pawl seat within a certain angle range under the direct or indirect action of the viscous force of the fluid; or the viscous cam interacts with the ratchet wheel directly or indirectly through the semi-solid, and when the ratchet wheel has a rotation tendency relative to the viscous cam, or when the ratchet wheel rotates relative to the viscous cam, the viscous cam is rotatable relative to the pawl seat within a certain angle range under the direct or indirect action of the viscoelastic force of the semi-solid; and / or When the viscous cam is directly or indirectly arranged on the ratchet, the viscous cam interacts with the pawl seat directly or indirectly through the fluid, and when the pawl seat rotates relative to the viscous cam, the viscous cam is rotatable relative to the ratchet within a certain angle range under the direct or indirect action of the viscous force of the fluid; or the viscous cam interacts with the pawl seat directly or indirectly through the semi-solid, and when the pawl seat has a rotation tendency relative to the viscous cam, or when the pawl seat rotates relative to the viscous cam, the viscous cam is rotatable relative to the ratchet within a certain angle range under the direct or indirect action of the viscoelastic force of the semi-solid; and / or The return spring is directly or indirectly connected to the pawl; and / or When the viscous cam is directly or indirectly arranged on the pawl seat, the pawl is directly or indirectly arranged on the pawl seat, the viscous cam is directly or indirectly connected to the pawl, and the pawl is rotatable relative to the pawl seat within a certain angle range, or the pawl is directly or indirectly arranged on the viscous cam, the pawl seat is directly or indirectly connected to the pawl, and the pawl is rotatable relative to the viscous cam within a certain angle range; and / or When the sticky cam is directly or indirectly disposed on the ratchet wheel, the pawl is directly or indirectly disposed on the pawl seat, the sticky cam is directly or indirectly connected to the pawl, and the pawl is rotatable relative to the pawl seat within a certain angle range; and / or Under the direct or indirect action of the viscous cam, the return spring and the pawl, the pawl seat and the ratchet wheel are selectively engaged or disengaged; and / or The pawl seat and the ratchet are respectively connected to parts of the machine, or the pawl seat and the ratchet are respectively connected to parts of the device, or the pawl seat and the ratchet are respectively connected to parts of the transmission system, or the pawl seat and the ratchet are respectively connected to parts of the mechanism.

3. The clutch with a viscous cam according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pawl comprises at least a first pawl (1); and / or The ratchet comprises at least a first ratchet (2); and / or The return spring comprises at least a first return spring (3); and / or The pawl seat at least comprises a first pawl seat (4); and / or The viscous cam comprises at least a first viscous cam (5); and / or The first viscous cam (5) is directly or indirectly arranged on the first pawl seat (4); the first viscous cam (5) interacts with the first ratchet (2) directly or indirectly through the fluid; when the first ratchet (2) rotates relative to the first viscous cam (5), the first viscous cam (5) is rotatable relative to the first pawl seat (4) between a first limited angle and a second limited angle under the direct or indirect action of the viscous force of the fluid; or the first viscous cam (5) interacts with the first ratchet (2) directly or indirectly through the semi-solid; when the first ratchet (2) has a tendency to rotate relative to the first viscous cam (5); or when the first ratchet (2) rotates relative to the first viscous cam (5), the first viscous cam (5) is rotatable relative to the first pawl seat (4) between the first limited angle and the second limited angle under the direct or indirect action of the viscoelastic force of the semi-solid; and / or The first return spring (3) is directly or indirectly connected to the first pawl (1); and / or The first pawl (1) is directly or indirectly arranged on the first pawl seat (4), the first viscous cam (5) is directly or indirectly connected to the first pawl (1), and the first pawl (1) is rotatable relative to the first pawl seat (4) within a certain angle range; and / or When the first viscous cam (5) rotates to the first limited angle position relative to the first pawl seat (4), the first pawl seat (4) is selectively engaged with the first ratchet wheel (2) under the direct or indirect action of the first viscous cam (5), the first return spring (3) and the first pawl (1); and / or When the first viscous cam (5) rotates to the second limited angle position relative to the first pawl seat (4), the first pawl seat (4) and the first ratchet wheel (2) are in a separated state under the direct or indirect action of the first viscous cam (5), the first return spring (3) and the first pawl (1); and / or The first ratchet (2) and the first pawl seat (4) are respectively connected to parts of the machine, or the first ratchet (2) and the first pawl seat (4) are respectively connected to parts of the device, or the first ratchet (2) and the first pawl seat (4) are respectively connected to parts of the transmission system, or the first ratchet (2) and the first pawl seat (4) are respectively connected to parts of the mechanism; and / or The first pawl (1) comprises at least one or more parts; and / or The first ratchet (2) comprises at least one or more parts; and / or The first return spring (3) comprises at least one or more parts; and / or The first pawl seat (4) comprises at least one or more parts; and / or The first viscous cam (5) comprises at least one or more parts.

4. The clutch with a viscous cam according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pawl comprises at least a first pawl (1); and / or The ratchet comprises at least a first ratchet (2); and / or The return spring comprises at least a first return spring (3); and / or The pawl seat at least comprises a first pawl seat (4); and / or The viscous cam comprises at least a first viscous cam (5); and / or The first viscous cam (5) is directly or indirectly arranged on the first pawl seat (4); the first viscous cam (5) interacts with the first ratchet (2) directly or indirectly through the fluid; when the first ratchet (2) rotates relative to the first viscous cam (5), the first viscous cam (5) is rotatable relative to the first pawl seat (4) between a first limited angle and a second limited angle under the direct or indirect action of the viscous force of the fluid; or the first viscous cam (5) interacts with the first ratchet (2) directly or indirectly through the semi-solid; when the first ratchet (2) has a tendency to rotate relative to the first viscous cam (5); or when the first ratchet (2) rotates relative to the first viscous cam (5), the first viscous cam (5) is rotatable relative to the first pawl seat (4) between the first limited angle and the second limited angle under the direct or indirect action of the viscoelastic force of the semi-solid; and / or The first return spring (3) is directly or indirectly connected to the first pawl (1); and / or The first pawl (1) is directly or indirectly arranged on the first viscous cam (5), the first pawl seat (4) is directly or indirectly connected to the first pawl (1), and the first pawl (1) is rotatable relative to the first viscous cam (5) within a certain angle range; and / or When the first viscous cam (5) rotates to the first limited angle position relative to the first pawl seat (4), the first pawl seat (4) is selectively engaged with the first ratchet wheel (2) under the direct or indirect action of the first viscous cam (5), the first return spring (3) and the first pawl (1); and / or When the first viscous cam (5) rotates to the second limited angle position relative to the first pawl seat (4), the first pawl seat (4) and the first ratchet wheel (2) are in a separated state under the direct or indirect action of the first viscous cam (5), the first return spring (3) and the first pawl (1); and / or The first ratchet (2) and the first pawl seat (4) are respectively connected to parts of the machine, or the first ratchet (2) and the first pawl seat (4) are respectively connected to parts of the device, or the first ratchet (2) and the first pawl seat (4) are respectively connected to parts of the transmission system, or the first ratchet (2) and the first pawl seat (4) are respectively connected to parts of the mechanism; and / or The first pawl (1) comprises at least one or more parts; and / or The first ratchet (2) comprises at least one or more parts; and / or The first return spring (3) comprises at least one or more parts; and / or The first pawl seat (4) comprises at least one or more parts; and / or The first viscous cam (5) comprises at least one or more parts.

5. The clutch with a viscous cam according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pawl comprises at least a first pawl (1); and / or The ratchet comprises at least a first ratchet (2); and / or The return spring comprises at least a first return spring (3); and / or The pawl seat at least comprises a first pawl seat (4); and / or The viscous cam comprises at least a first viscous cam (5); and / or The first viscous cam (5) is directly or indirectly arranged on the first ratchet (2); the first viscous cam (5) interacts with the first pawl seat (4) directly or indirectly through the fluid; when the first pawl seat (4) rotates relative to the first viscous cam (5), the first viscous cam (5) is rotatable relative to the first ratchet (2) between a first limited angle and a second limited angle under the direct or indirect action of the viscous force of the fluid; or the first viscous cam (5) interacts with the first pawl seat (4) directly or indirectly through the semi-solid; when the first pawl seat (4) has a tendency to rotate relative to the first viscous cam (5); or when the first pawl seat (4) rotates relative to the first viscous cam (5), the first viscous cam (5) is rotatable relative to the first ratchet (2) between the first limited angle and the second limited angle under the direct or indirect action of the viscoelastic force of the semi-solid; and / or The first return spring (3) is directly or indirectly connected to the first pawl (1); and / or The first pawl (1) is directly or indirectly arranged on the first pawl seat (4), the first viscous cam (5) is directly or indirectly connected to the first pawl (1), and the first pawl (1) is rotatable relative to the first pawl seat (4) within a certain angle range; and / or When the first viscous cam (5) rotates to the first limited angle position relative to the first ratchet wheel (2), the first viscous cam (5), the first return spring (3) and the first ratchet wheel (1) are directly or indirectly acted upon by the first viscous cam (5), the first return spring (3) and the first ratchet wheel (1), the first ratchet seat (4) is selectively engaged with the first ratchet wheel (2); and / or When the first viscous cam (5) rotates to the second limited angle position relative to the first ratchet (2), under the direct or indirect action of the first viscous cam (5), the first return spring (3) and the first ratchet (1), the first ratchet seat (4) and the first ratchet (2) are in a separated state; and / or The first ratchet (2) and the first pawl seat (4) are respectively connected to parts of the machine, or the first ratchet (2) and the first pawl seat (4) are respectively connected to parts of the device, or the first ratchet (2) and the first pawl seat (4) are respectively connected to parts of the transmission system, or the first ratchet (2) and the first pawl seat (4) are respectively connected to parts of the mechanism; and / or The first pawl (1) comprises at least one or more parts; and / or The first ratchet (2) comprises at least one or more parts; and / or The first return spring (3) comprises at least one or more parts; and / or The first pawl seat (4) comprises at least one or more parts; and / or The first viscous cam (5) comprises at least one or more parts.

6. The clutch with a viscous cam according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clutch provided with a viscous cam further comprises a first return spring (3); and / or The active semi-clutch comprises a first pawl seat (4), the passive semi-clutch comprises a first friction wheel (8), the engaging member comprises a first pawl (1), and the viscous cam comprises a first viscous cam (5); and / or The first viscous cam (5) is directly or indirectly arranged on the first pawl seat (4); the first viscous cam (5) interacts with the first friction wheel (8) directly or indirectly through the fluid; when the first friction wheel (8) rotates relative to the first viscous cam (5), the first viscous cam (5) is rotatable relative to the first pawl seat (4) between a first limited angle and a second limited angle under the direct or indirect action of the viscous force of the fluid; or the first viscous cam (5) interacts with the first friction wheel (8) directly or indirectly through the semi-solid; when the first friction wheel (8) has a tendency to rotate relative to the first viscous cam (5); or when the first friction wheel (8) rotates relative to the first viscous cam (5), the first viscous cam (5) is rotatable relative to the first pawl seat (4) between the first limited angle and the second limited angle under the direct or indirect action of the viscoelastic force of the semi-solid; and / or The first return spring (3) is directly or indirectly connected to the first pawl (1); and / or The first pawl (1) is directly or indirectly arranged on the first pawl seat (4), the first viscous cam (5) is directly or indirectly connected to the first pawl (1), and the first pawl (1) is rotatable relative to the first pawl seat (4) within a certain angle range; and / or When the first viscous cam (5) rotates to the first limited angle position relative to the first pawl seat (4), the first pawl seat (4) is selectively engaged with the first friction wheel (8) under the direct or indirect action of the first viscous cam (5), the first return spring (3) and the first pawl (1); and / or When the first viscous cam (5) rotates to the second limited angle position relative to the first pawl seat (4), the first pawl seat (4) and the first friction wheel (8) are in a separated state under the direct or indirect action of the first viscous cam (5), the first return spring (3) and the first pawl (1); and / or The first friction wheel (8) and the first pawl seat (4) are respectively connected to parts of the machine, or the first friction wheel (8) and the first pawl seat (4) are respectively connected to parts of the device, or the first friction wheel (8) and the first pawl seat (4) are respectively connected to parts of the transmission system, or the first friction wheel (8) and the first pawl seat (4) are respectively connected to parts of the mechanism; and / or The first pawl (1) comprises at least one or more parts; and / or The first return spring (3) comprises at least one or more parts; and / or The first pawl seat (4) comprises at least one or more parts; and / or The first viscous cam (5) comprises at least one or more parts; and / or The first friction wheel (8) comprises at least one or more parts.

7. The clutch with a viscous cam according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clutch provided with a viscous cam further comprises a first return spring (3); and / or The active semi-clutch comprises a first pawl seat (4), the passive semi-clutch comprises a first friction wheel (8), the engaging member comprises a first pawl (1), and the viscous cam comprises a first viscous cam (5); and / or The first viscous cam (5) is directly or indirectly arranged on the first pawl seat (4); the first viscous cam (5) interacts with the first friction wheel (8) directly or indirectly through the fluid; when the first friction wheel (8) rotates relative to the first viscous cam (5), the first viscous cam (5) is rotatable relative to the first pawl seat (4) between a first limited angle and a second limited angle under the direct or indirect action of the viscous force of the fluid; or the first viscous cam (5) interacts with the first friction wheel (8) directly or indirectly through the semi-solid; when the first friction wheel (8) has a tendency to rotate relative to the first viscous cam (5); or when the first friction wheel (8) rotates relative to the first viscous cam (5), the first viscous cam (5) is rotatable relative to the first pawl seat (4) between the first limited angle and the second limited angle under the direct or indirect action of the viscoelastic force of the semi-solid; and / or The first return spring (3) is directly or indirectly connected to the first pawl (1); and / or The first pawl (1) is directly or indirectly arranged on the first viscous cam (5), the first pawl seat (4) is directly or indirectly connected to the first pawl (1), and the first pawl (1) is rotatable relative to the first viscous cam (5) within a certain angle range; and / or When the first viscous cam (5) rotates to the first limited angle position relative to the first pawl seat (4), the first pawl seat (4) is selectively engaged with the first friction wheel (8) under the direct or indirect action of the first viscous cam (5), the first return spring (3) and the first pawl (1); and / or When the first viscous cam (5) rotates to the second limited angle position relative to the first pawl seat (4), the first pawl seat (4) and the first friction wheel (8) are in a separated state under the direct or indirect action of the first viscous cam (5), the first return spring (3) and the first pawl (1); and / or The first friction wheel (8) and the first pawl seat (4) are respectively connected to parts of the machine, or the first friction wheel (8) and the first pawl seat (4) are respectively connected to parts of the device, or the first friction wheel (8) and the first pawl seat (4) are respectively connected to parts of the transmission system, or the first friction wheel (8) and the first pawl seat (4) are respectively connected to parts of the mechanism; and / or The first pawl (1) comprises at least one or more parts; and / or The first return spring (3) comprises at least one or more parts; and / or The first pawl seat (4) comprises at least one or more parts; and / or The first viscous cam (5) comprises at least one or more parts; and / or The first friction wheel (8) comprises at least one or more parts.

8. The clutch with a viscous cam according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clutch provided with a viscous cam further comprises a first return spring (3), a first pawl retainer (6); and / or The active semi-clutch comprises a second ratchet (7), the passive semi-clutch comprises a first ratchet (2), the engaging member comprises a first pawl (1), and the viscous cam comprises a first viscous cam (5); and / or The first pawl holder (6) is connected to the first ratchet (2) by means of a shaft hole clearance fit or a bearing, and the first pawl holder (6) is rotatable relative to the first ratchet (2), or the first pawl holder (6) is connected to the second ratchet (7) by means of a shaft hole clearance fit or a bearing, and the first pawl holder (6) is rotatable relative to the second ratchet (7); and / or The first viscous cam (5) is rotatably arranged on the first pawl holder (6) through a shaft hole clearance fit, or the first viscous cam (5) is rotatably arranged on the first pawl holder (6) through a bearing; and / or The first viscous cam (5) interacts with the second ratchet (7) directly or indirectly through the fluid or the semi-solid, the first pawl holder (6) interacts with the first ratchet (2) directly or indirectly through the fluid or the semi-solid, or the first viscous cam (5) interacts with the first ratchet (2) directly or indirectly through the fluid or the semi-solid, the first pawl holder (6) interacts with the second ratchet (7) directly or indirectly through the fluid or the semi-solid, when the first ratchet (2) rotates relative to the second ratchet (7), under the direct or indirect action of the viscous force of the fluid or the viscoelastic force of the semi-solid, between the first limited angle and the second limited angle, the first viscous cam (5) is rotatable relative to the first pawl holder (6); and / or The first return spring (3) is directly or indirectly connected to the first pawl (1); and / or The first pawl (1) is directly or indirectly arranged on the first pawl holder (6), the first viscous cam (5) is directly or indirectly connected to the first pawl (1), and the first pawl (1) is rotatable relative to the first pawl holder (6) within a certain angle range; and / or When the first viscous cam (5) rotates to the first limited angular position relative to the first pawl holder (6), the second ratchet wheel (7) is selectively engaged with the first ratchet wheel (2) under the direct or indirect action of the first viscous cam (5), the first return spring (3) and the first pawl (1); and / or When the first viscous cam (5) rotates to the second limited angle position relative to the first pawl holder (6), the second ratchet wheel (7) and the first ratchet wheel (2) are in a separated state under the direct or indirect action of the first viscous cam (5), the first return spring (3) and the first pawl (1); and / or The first ratchet (2) and the second ratchet (7) are respectively connected to parts of the machine, or the first ratchet (2) and the second ratchet (7) are respectively connected to parts of the device, or the first ratchet (2) and the second ratchet (7) are respectively connected to parts of the transmission system, or the first ratchet (2) and the second ratchet (7) are respectively connected to parts of the mechanism; and / or The first pawl (1) comprises at least one or more parts; and / or The first ratchet (2) comprises at least one or more parts; and / or The first return spring (3) comprises at least one or more parts; and / or The first viscous cam (5) comprises at least one or more parts; and / or The first pawl retainer (6) comprises at least one or more parts; and / or The second ratchet (7) comprises at least one or more parts.

9. The clutch with a viscous cam according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clutch provided with a viscous cam further comprises a first return spring (3), a first pawl retainer (6); and / or The active semi-clutch comprises a second friction wheel (9), the passive semi-clutch comprises a first friction wheel (8), the engaging member comprises a first pawl (1), and the viscous cam comprises a first viscous cam (5); and / or The first pawl holder (6) is connected to the first friction wheel (8) by means of a shaft hole clearance fit or a bearing, and the first pawl holder (6) is rotatable relative to the first friction wheel (8), or the first pawl holder (6) is connected to the second friction wheel (9) by means of a shaft hole clearance fit or a bearing, and the first pawl holder (6) is rotatable relative to the second friction wheel (9); and / or The first viscous cam (5) is rotatably arranged on the first pawl holder (6) through a shaft hole clearance fit, or the first viscous cam (5) is rotatably arranged on the first pawl holder (6) through a bearing; and / or The first viscous cam (5) interacts with the second friction wheel (9) directly or indirectly through the fluid or the semi-solid, the first pawl holder (6) interacts with the first friction wheel (8) directly or indirectly through the fluid or the semi-solid, or the first viscous cam (5) interacts with the first friction wheel (8) directly or indirectly through the fluid or the semi-solid, the first pawl holder (6) interacts with the second friction wheel (9) directly or indirectly through the fluid or the semi-solid, when the first friction wheel (8) rotates relative to the second friction wheel (9), under the direct or indirect action of the viscosity of the fluid or the viscoelastic force of the semi-solid, between the first limited angle and the second limited angle, the first viscous cam (5) is rotatable relative to the first pawl holder (6); and / or The first return spring (3) is directly or indirectly connected to the first pawl (1); and / or The first pawl (1) is directly or indirectly arranged on the first pawl holder (6), the first viscous cam (5) is directly or indirectly connected to the first pawl (1), and the first pawl (1) is rotatable relative to the first pawl holder (6) within a certain angle range; and / or When the first viscous cam (5) rotates to the first limited angle position relative to the first pawl holder (6), the second friction wheel (9) is selectively engaged with the first friction wheel (8) under the direct or indirect action of the first viscous cam (5), the first return spring (3) and the first pawl (1); and / or When the first viscous cam (5) rotates to the second limited angle position relative to the first pawl holder (6), the second friction wheel (9) and the first friction wheel (8) are in a separated state under the direct or indirect action of the first viscous cam (5), the first return spring (3) and the first pawl (1); and / or The first friction wheel (8) and the first pawl seat (4) are respectively connected to parts of the machine, or the first friction wheel (8) and the first pawl seat (4) are respectively connected to parts of the device, or the first friction wheel (8) and the first pawl seat (4) are respectively connected to parts of the transmission system, or the first friction wheel (8) and the first pawl seat (4) are respectively connected to parts of the mechanism; and / or The first pawl (1) comprises at least one or more parts; and / or The first return spring (3) comprises at least one or more parts; and / or The first viscous cam (5) comprises at least one or more parts; and / or The first friction wheel (8) comprises at least one or more parts; and / or The second friction wheel (9) comprises at least one or more parts.

10. The clutch with a viscous cam according to any one of claims 3 to 9, characterized in that: When the viscous cam is directly or indirectly arranged on the active semi-clutch, when the viscous cam rotates to the first limited angle position relative to the active semi-clutch, the active semi-clutch has a certain angle positioning effect on the viscous cam; and / or When the viscous cam is directly or indirectly arranged on the active semi-clutch, when the viscous cam rotates to the second limited angle position relative to the active semi-clutch, the active semi-clutch has a certain angle positioning effect on the viscous cam; and / or When the viscous cam is directly or indirectly arranged on the passive semi-clutch, when the viscous cam rotates to the first limited angle position relative to the passive semi-clutch, the passive semi-clutch has a certain angle positioning effect on the viscous cam; and / or When the viscous cam is directly or indirectly arranged on the passive semi-clutch, when the viscous cam rotates to the second limited angle position relative to the passive semi-clutch, the passive semi-clutch has a certain angle positioning effect on the viscous cam; and / or When the viscous cam is directly or indirectly arranged on the first pawl holder (6), when the viscous cam rotates to the first limited angle position relative to the first pawl holder (6), the first pawl holder (6) has a certain angular positioning effect on the viscous cam; and / or When the viscous cam is directly or indirectly arranged on the first pawl holder (6), when the viscous cam rotates to the second limited angle position relative to the first pawl holder (6), the first pawl holder (6) has a certain angular positioning effect on the viscous cam; and / or When the viscous cam is directly or indirectly arranged on the active semi-clutch, the viscous cam is rotatably arranged on the active semi-clutch through a shaft hole clearance fit, or the viscous cam is rotatably arranged on the active semi-clutch through a bearing; and / or When the viscous cam is directly or indirectly disposed on the passive semi-clutch, the viscous cam is rotatably disposed on the passive semi-clutch through a shaft hole clearance fit, or the viscous cam is rotatably disposed on the passive semi-clutch through a bearing; and / or When the pawl is directly or indirectly arranged on the active semi-clutch, the pawl is rotatably arranged on the active semi-clutch directly or indirectly through a shaft hole clearance fit, or the pawl is rotatably arranged on the active semi-clutch directly or indirectly through a bearing; and / or When the pawl is directly or indirectly disposed on the viscous cam, the pawl is rotatably disposed on the viscous cam directly or indirectly through a shaft hole clearance fit, or the pawl is rotatably disposed on the viscous cam directly or indirectly through a bearing; and / or When the pawl is directly or indirectly arranged on the first pawl holder (6), the pawl is rotatably arranged on the first pawl holder (6) directly or indirectly through the clearance fit of the shaft hole, or the pawl is rotatably arranged on the first pawl holder (6) directly or indirectly through the bearing.

11. A viscous coupling with a locking function, which uses a clutch with a viscous cam as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 10 to realize the function of the viscous coupling, characterized in that: The viscous coupling with locking function can selectively achieve locking through the speed control or the steering control of the active half-clutch or through the speed control or the steering control of the passive half-clutch.

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