Boiler room waste heat utilization and efficient low-carbon intelligent operation method and system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of waste heat recovery and utilization, in particular to a boiler room waste heat utilization and efficient low-carbon intelligent operation method and system. Through the steps of natural ventilation in summer, waste heat utilization and intelligent heating in winter, intelligent temperature uniformization and the like, an intelligent control system and a sensor network are combined; according to the method, effective control over the temperature in the boiler room and efficient utilization of energy are achieved, it is ensured that the working environment in the boiler room reaches the optimal state, and natural ventilation in summer comprises the steps that airtight roof ventilators are installed on the roof of the boiler room and the outdoor roof of a denitration part, and airtight exhaust devices are installed at the positions about 75 meters high in the boiler room; and in winter waste heat utilization, outdoor cold air is jetted to the center area of the furnace top, an annular mixed air cloud cluster is formed, the cold air supply amount of a heating unit is adjusted through an intelligent control system, and a dynamic thermal interface is formed above an operation layer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of waste heat recovery and utilization, and specifically to a method and system for utilizing waste heat from a boiler room and for high-efficiency, low-carbon, intelligent operation. Background Art

[0002] Under the current global trend of energy transformation and low-carbon development, boiler rooms, as key facilities for industrial production and people's heating, are particularly urgent in improving energy efficiency and environmental protection.

[0003] Energy efficiency challenge: In the operation of traditional boiler rooms, there is often a large amount of waste heat that cannot be effectively recycled, resulting in serious energy waste. Especially in summer, it is difficult to control the temperature inside the boiler room under high temperature conditions, and additional energy is required for cooling; in winter, the waste heat is lost quickly and the heating efficiency is low.

[0004] Pressure from environmental regulations: With increasingly stringent environmental regulations, waste heat, exhaust gas and other pollutants emitted by boiler rooms need to be strictly controlled, and it has become an inevitable trend to promote the transformation of boiler rooms towards green and low-carbon directions.

[0005] Intelligent demand: In the context of industrial automation and intelligence, intelligent management of boiler rooms has become an important way to improve operating efficiency and reduce operation and maintenance costs. By integrating intelligent control systems and sensor networks, automation, remote monitoring and fault warning of boiler room operations can be achieved. Summary of the invention

[0006] 1. Technical issues to be resolved

[0007] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a method and system for utilizing waste heat from a boiler room and for performing high-efficiency, low-carbon, intelligent operations.

[0008] (II) Technical solution

[0009] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A method for utilizing waste heat from a boiler room and for high-efficiency, low-carbon, intelligent operation of the boiler room of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0010] Steps for natural ventilation in summer:

[0011] Install airtight roof ventilators on the boiler room roof and the outdoor roof of the denitrification part for natural exhaust;

[0012] Install an airtight exhaust device at a height of about 75 meters in the boiler room for natural exhaust;

[0013] The airtight exhaust device is turned on when the ambient temperature near the airtight exhaust device is ≥35℃ during the non-heating period to remove the hot air rising from the bottom of the boiler, reduce the temperature of the burner platform and the furnace top area, and achieve the working environment conditions required by the design;

[0014] - Turn off the exhaust device during the heating period or when the minimum ambient temperature near the zero-meter layer outer enclosure structure is ≤16℃;

[0015] Steps for waste heat utilization and intelligent heating in winter:

[0016] Install intelligent heating units on the outdoor roof of the boiler room and on the side of the top floor of the indoor furnace;

[0017] In winter, outdoor cold air is sprayed to the center of the furnace roof. The sprayed airflow undergoes entrainment and heat exchange with the hot plume on the top of the boiler room along the way, and forms an annular mixed air cloud on the top of the boiler room.

[0018] As the cold air from outside continues to flow in, the cloud mass continues to grow in size and the temperature continues to drop. Under the influence of gravity and pressure, the cloud mass slowly descends.

[0019] By intelligently controlling the cold air supply volume of the heating unit, a dynamic thermal interface is formed above the operating layer, so that the operating layer temperature in winter is ≥16℃;

[0020] Intelligent temperature uniformity steps:

[0021] Install the intelligent temperature-uniform unit with downward and side delivery at 16.50 meters below the boiler room operation floor;

[0022] A certain amount of hot air from the upper part of the operating layer is diverted to the lower part of the operating layer, and directed air is supplied to the low-temperature zone behind the furnace and near the outer protective structure of the zero-meter layer by means of jets, so that the temperature of the zero-meter layer is uniform, local heating blind spots are eliminated, the air pressure and indoor temperature of the zero-meter layer are increased, and at the same time the infiltration of cold air from the bottom layer is reduced, so that the temperature of the zero-meter layer in winter is ≥10℃.

[0023] Preferably, in the intelligent temperature uniforming step, when the effective jet distance is insufficient to reach the required distance, an intelligent temperature uniforming unit is connected in series in the middle of the total jet distance to take over.

[0024] Further preferably, it includes an intelligent control cabinet and sensors, wherein the intelligent control cabinet is equipped with a LCD touch screen, a programmable controller, a remote communication module and programmable software, and the intelligent control cabinet is connected to the airtight roof ventilator, the airtight exhaust device, the intelligent heating unit, the intelligent temperature uniforming unit and the sensor through remote communication and hard wiring.

[0025] Again preferably, the sensors include a pressure sensor, a rain and snow sensor, a temperature sensor and an outdoor temperature sensor.

[0026] Preferably, the temperature sensor is arranged at the following position in the boiler room:

[0027] Vertical height direction: Install temperature sensors and pressure sensors at the zero-meter floor, operating floor, boiler room at an elevation of about 30 meters, the top elevation of the airtight exhaust device, and the furnace top steel truss, on the four sides of the boiler body, and at a distance of no less than 2 meters from the furnace wall;

[0028] Horizontal direction of zero-meter layer and operating layer: Near the outer wall panels of the boiler room around the zero-meter layer and operating layer, multiple temperature sensors and pressure sensors are installed on each layer.

[0029] Further preferably, the outdoor temperature sensor is arranged at the following position in the boiler room:

[0030] One outdoor temperature sensor is installed at the operating floor height and furnace top height outside each boiler house.

[0031] Again preferably, the rain and snow sensor is arranged at the following position in the boiler room:

[0032] A rain and snow sensor is installed horizontally in the spacious outdoor area on the roof of each boiler room to detect whether there is rain or snow in the outdoor environment.

[0033] Preferably, the installation height of the temperature sensors and pressure sensors at the zero-meter layer and the operating layer in the vertical height direction of the boiler room is 1.5 meters, and the height of the temperature sensors and pressure sensors at the zero-meter layer and the operating layer in the horizontal direction of the boiler room from the ground and the floor is 1.5 meters.

[0034] (III) Beneficial effects

[0035] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a method and system for utilizing waste heat from a boiler room and for high-efficiency, low-carbon, intelligent operation, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0036] Significantly improve the working environment

[0037] Steps for natural ventilation in summer:

[0038] Working principle: Install airtight roof ventilators on the boiler room roof and the outdoor roof of the denitrification part, and install an airtight exhaust device at a height of about 75 meters in the boiler room to remove the hot air rising from the bottom of the boiler.

[0039] Beneficial effect: effectively reduce the temperature of the burner platform and furnace top area, ensure that the zero-meter layer and operating layer in summer are ≤35℃, the 2 / 3~3 / 4 height of the boiler room is ≤40℃, and the furnace top is ≤41℃, providing a comfortable working environment.

[0040] Steps for waste heat utilization and intelligent heating in winter:

[0041] Working principle: Spray outdoor cold air to the center area of ​​the furnace top to form a ring-shaped mixed air cloud, and adjust the cold air supply volume of the heating unit through the intelligent control system to form a dynamic thermal interface above the operating layer.

[0042] Beneficial effects: The operating layer temperature is maintained at ≥16°C in winter, and the heat is evenly distributed through the thermal stratification mechanism to avoid local overheating or overcooling, thereby improving the comfort of the staff.

[0043] Intelligent temperature uniformity steps:

[0044] Working principle: The hot air on the upper part of the operating layer is guided to the lower part of the operating layer through the intelligent temperature uniformity unit, and the air is sent to the low-temperature zone in a directional manner to ensure uniform temperature at the zero-meter layer.

[0045] Beneficial effects: Eliminate local heating blind spots, increase zero-meter layer air pressure and indoor temperature, make the zero-meter layer winter temperature ≥10℃, and further improve the temperature uniformity and comfort in the entire boiler room.

[0046] Efficient use of waste heat

[0047] Steps for waste heat utilization and intelligent heating in winter:

[0048] Working principle: The heat from the top of the boiler is redistributed to the operating layer through the intelligent heating unit to form a dynamic thermal interface.

[0049] Beneficial effects: Effectively utilizes the waste heat generated by boiler equipment, reduces dependence on traditional heating equipment, reduces energy costs, and improves overall energy efficiency.

[0050] Intelligent temperature uniformity steps:

[0051] Working principle: The hot air is directed to the low temperature area by jet flow, optimizing the air flow path.

[0052] Beneficial effects: Reduce unnecessary energy loss, further improve the energy efficiency of the system, and achieve efficient use of energy.

[0053] Energy saving and emission reduction

[0054] Steps for natural ventilation in summer:

[0055] Working principle: Use the principle of natural ventilation to exhaust indoor hot air and reduce dependence on air conditioning systems.

[0056] Beneficial effects: Reduced energy consumption and carbon emissions, in line with the development trend of low-carbon and environmental protection.

[0057] Steps for waste heat utilization and intelligent heating in winter:

[0058] Working principle: The intelligent control system automatically adjusts the cold air supply volume of the heating unit to achieve precise temperature control.

[0059] Beneficial effects: Reduce unnecessary energy consumption and further reduce carbon emissions.

[0060] Automated management and remote control

[0061] Intelligent control systems and sensor networks:

[0062] Working principle: The intelligent control cabinet is equipped with an LCD touch screen, a programmable controller (PLC), a remote communication module and programmable software. It connects various devices through remote communication and hard wiring to achieve centralized monitoring and automatic control.

[0063] Beneficial effects:

[0064] Centralized monitoring: Managers can understand the working status of each device in real time, identify problems and make adjustments in a timely manner.

[0065] Automatic adjustment: Based on the data fed back by the sensors, the system can automatically adjust the operating status of each device to ensure the best working environment conditions.

[0066] Remote control: supports remote terminal monitoring and operation of the system, improving management efficiency.

[0067] Data storage and display: The system can record and display historical data to facilitate subsequent analysis and optimization of operation strategies. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0068] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the intelligent control system of the present invention;

[0069] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the sensor arrangement principle of the present invention;

[0070] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the number of temperature sensors arranged in the vertical height direction temperature monitoring network of a single boiler room of the present invention;

[0071] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the total amount of outdoor cold air delivered into the room by the rooftop intelligent heating unit of the present invention;

[0072] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the temperature and humidity parameters required for calculation in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0073] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0074] See also Figure 1-5 The present invention provides a method and system for utilizing waste heat in a boiler room and for high-efficiency and low-carbon intelligent operation. Through natural ventilation in summer, waste heat utilization and intelligent heating in winter, and intelligent temperature uniformity, combined with intelligent control systems and sensor networks, the effective control of temperature in the boiler room and efficient utilization of energy are achieved. The specific workflow covers multiple links such as equipment installation, startup, adjustment, and monitoring to ensure that the working environment in the boiler room is in the best state.

[0075] Steps for natural ventilation in summer

[0076] Working principle:

[0077] Airtight roof ventilators are installed on the roof of the boiler room and the outdoor roof of the denitrification part to exhaust the indoor hot air using the principle of natural ventilation.

[0078] An airtight exhaust device is installed at a height of about 75 meters in the boiler room to further remove the hot air rising from the bottom of the boiler and reduce the temperature of the burner platform and furnace top area.

[0079] The airtight exhaust device is only opened in summer to ensure that the working environment in the boiler room meets the design requirements.

[0080] Among them, the working environment design requirements for the interlayer in the boiler room are preferably: in summer, the zero-meter layer and the operating layer are ≤35℃, the 2 / 3 to 3 / 4 height of the boiler room is ≤40℃, and the furnace top is ≤41℃.

[0081] Winter waste heat utilization and intelligent heating steps

[0082] Working principle:

[0083] Intelligent heating units are installed on the outdoor roof of the boiler room and on the side of the indoor furnace top floor.

[0084] In winter, outdoor cold air is sprayed into the central area of ​​the furnace top. Through the process of entrainment and heat exchange, the cold air is mixed with the hot plume on the top of the boiler room to form an annular mixed air cloud.

[0085] As cold air continues to flow in, the cloud increases in size, drops in temperature, and gradually sinks under the action of gravity and pressure.

[0086] By intelligently controlling the cold air supply volume of the heating unit, a dynamic thermal interface is formed above the operating layer to maintain the operating layer temperature ≥16°C in winter.

[0087] Thermal stratification forces the heat plume in the lower area to spread along the thermal interface toward the outer protective structure and descend when it encounters the cold wall, forming one-way convection. At the same time, the airflow below the interface exchanges heat with the hot air in the upper area at the thermal interface, transferring heat to the operating area, effectively utilizing the heat of the boiler equipment. As the thermal interface forms two thermal pressure zones in the boiler room, the thermal pressure of the lower part of the thermal stratification close to the operating layer space is greatly reduced.

[0088] Intelligent temperature uniformity steps

[0089] Working principle:

[0090] An intelligent temperature-uniforming unit with downward and side delivery is installed 16.50 meters below the operating floor of the boiler room.

[0091] The hot air on the upper part of the operating layer is drained to the lower part of the operating layer, and directed air is supplied to the low-temperature zone behind the furnace and near the outer protective structure of the zero-meter layer through jets to ensure uniform temperature in the zero-meter layer and eliminate local heating blind spots.

[0092] Increase the air pressure and indoor temperature at the zero-meter layer, reduce the infiltration of cold air from the bottom layer, and make the temperature at the zero-meter layer ≥10℃ in winter.

[0093] When the effective jet distance is insufficient, an intelligent temperature-uniformizing unit is connected in series in the middle of the total jet distance to ensure the air supply effect.

[0094] How the Optimal Technology Solution Works

[0095] Intelligent control cabinet and sensor system

[0096] Working principle:

[0097] The intelligent control cabinet is equipped with LCD touch screen, programmable controller (PLC), remote communication module and programmable software.

[0098] Centralized monitoring and automatic control are achieved by connecting airtight roof ventilators, airtight exhaust devices, intelligent heating units and intelligent temperature-consistent units through remote communication and hard wiring.

[0099] The sensors include pressure sensors, rain and snow sensors, temperature sensors and outdoor temperature sensors, which are used to monitor the environmental parameters inside and outside the boiler room in real time.

[0100] Sensor placement

[0101] Vertical height direction:

[0102] Temperature sensors and pressure sensors should be installed at the zero-meter floor, operating floor, boiler room at an elevation of about 30 meters, around the top elevation of the airtight exhaust device, and on the steel truss of the furnace roof, and should be no less than 2 meters away from the furnace wall.

[0103] The installation height is 1.5 meters to ensure data accuracy.

[0104] The number and location of temperature sensors in the vertical temperature monitoring network of a single boiler room are as follows: Figure 3 As shown;

[0105] Horizontal direction:

[0106] Near the outer wall panels of the boiler room on the zero-meter layer and the operating layer, multiple temperature sensors and pressure sensors are installed on each layer, with a height of 1.5 meters from the ground or floor.

[0107] Outdoor Sensor:

[0108] Each furnace is equipped with an outdoor temperature sensor at the outdoor operating layer height and furnace top height respectively.

[0109] A rain and snow sensor is installed horizontally in the spacious outdoor area on the roof of each boiler room to detect whether there is rain or snow in the outdoor environment.

[0110] The intelligent heating unit and intelligent temperature-uniform unit in this technical solution use EC fans (electronic commutation motors) with mature application technology, which can automatically adjust the speed and air volume according to the measured temperature to ensure that the indoor temperature meets the design requirements.

[0111] EC fans for smart heating units and smart temperature-uniform units: permanent magnet brushless, vector-controlled motors are used. The power input and output lines of a unit composed of multiple EC fans should be combined into one power line so that each EC fan in the unit can be adjusted and turned on and off synchronously.

[0112] Energy saving and environmental protection: EC fans use advanced electronic commutation technology and permanent magnet brushless DC motors. Compared with traditional fans, they have higher energy efficiency and lower energy consumption. Through precise adjustment of the electronic controller, EC fans can achieve smooth and stepless speed regulation, flexibly adjust the air volume according to actual needs, and avoid unnecessary energy waste.

[0113] Intelligent control: EC fans are deeply integrated with modern sensor technology, human-computer interaction technology, and automatic control technology to achieve a variety of refined control strategies. Through the intelligent control system, it can monitor indoor and outdoor temperature, humidity, pressure and other parameters in real time and adjust indoor air quality to ensure environmental comfort while achieving energy saving and consumption reduction.

[0114] High efficiency performance: The high efficiency performance of EC fans is mainly reflected in their high speed, large air volume, low noise and low vibration. Due to the use of permanent magnet brushless DC motor and advanced aerodynamic design, EC fans can maintain a high speed and stable air volume output during operation, while effectively reducing noise and vibration levels.

[0115] Low noise and vibration: EC fans achieve low noise and low vibration operation by optimizing motor structure and air duct design. The noise and vibration generated by its permanent magnet brushless DC motor during operation are much lower than those of traditional fans, providing users with a quieter and more comfortable environment.

[0116] Applicability: EC fans have excellent performance and applicability.

[0117] Strong adaptability: EC fans are flexible and can be used in various ventilation environments and application scenarios.

[0118] In summary, EC fans have shown significant advantages in energy saving and environmental protection, intelligent control, high efficiency, low noise and vibration, and applicability. With the continuous advancement of technology and the continuous development of the market, the application field of EC fans will become wider and wider, providing more efficient, intelligent and environmentally friendly ventilation solutions for all walks of life.

[0119] Intelligent heating unit:

[0120] In the heating season, all units can be started / stopped in sequence according to operator instructions, schedules, or the cumulative time when the outdoor temperature or the average indoor temperature of the zero-meter layer is lower than / higher than a certain temperature and reaches the set value; the frequency of the EC fans of all units is automatically adjusted according to the set value of the indoor average temperature of the zero-meter layer of the boiler room (such as t=5℃), and all units are kept running at the same frequency. When the measured indoor temperature of the zero-meter layer is higher than the set value (such as t=10℃), the fan frequency is reduced, and vice versa.

[0121] The intelligent heating unit is also equipped with: intelligent airtight electric rainproof shutters for air inlet, electric heating snow and ice melting device on the air inlet side and electric return air device, and the above devices can be related equipment with mature application technology in the field of heating equipment. The internal control of each unit of the intelligent heating unit is:

[0122] ——Unit start / stop sequence

[0123] Opening sequence: intelligent airtight electric rainproof shutters → turn on the air blower;

[0124] Closing sequence: turn off the fan → intelligent airtight electric rainproof shutters.

[0125] ——EC fans: Keep all fans running at the same frequency.

[0126] ——Electric return air switch

[0127] It turns on when the outdoor temperature is lower than a certain set value (t = -22°C);

[0128] When the outdoor temperature is lower than a certain set value (t = -20°C), it will be turned off.

[0129] ——Electric heating snow and ice melting device

[0130] Turn on when it is rainy or snowy outdoors and the outdoor temperature is not higher than 0℃;

[0131] Turn off in an outdoor environment with no rain or snow or 30 minutes after the outdoor rain or snow stops.

[0132] ——Monitoring and display

[0133] Intelligent airtight electric rainproof shutter switch status;

[0134] Electric return air device switch status:

[0135] Status of the electric heating snow and ice melting device.

[0136] ——Fault alarm

[0137] EC fan failure;

[0138] The electric push rod of the intelligent airtight electric rainproof shutter is faulty;

[0139] The electric return air device is faulty;

[0140] The electric heating snow and ice melting device is faulty.

[0141] Intelligent temperature uniformity unit:

[0142] The controlled components of the unit are multiple EC blowers. The control target of the system equipment is to maintain the average temperature of the zero-meter layer ≥ 5℃ in winter through the operation of all intelligent heating units and intelligent temperature-uniform units in the system, and to maintain the temperature near the temperature measuring point of the outer wall panel of the zero-meter layer surrounding the boiler room ≥ 5℃. The specific control requirements are as follows:

[0143] (1) The intelligent temperature-uniform unit is linked with the intelligent heating unit. When the start-up signal of the intelligent heating unit is received, the units installed around the boiler body in the lower ring of the operating floor are started sequentially with a delay of 1 hour (the set value is adjustable); when the shutdown signal of the intelligent heating unit is received, the units are shut down sequentially with a delay of 30 minutes (the set value is adjustable); the frequency of the EC fans of each unit is automatically adjusted according to the set value of the average indoor temperature of the zero-meter floor of the boiler room, and the units are kept running at the same frequency. When the actual measured indoor temperature is higher than the set value, the fan frequency is reduced, otherwise it is increased.

[0144] (2) The start and stop of the remaining units, except for the units installed around the boiler body under the operating floor, are controlled by the corresponding zero-meter layer ring boiler room outer wall panel temperature measurement point (the minimum value is taken when there are multiple points). When the temperature of the measurement point is lower than 5°C, the corresponding unit starts; the fan frequency of each unit is reduced when it is higher than the set value (such as t = 7°C) according to the actual temperature measured at the corresponding point, and increases when it is higher than the set value. After receiving the shutdown signal of the intelligent heating unit, each unit is shut down in sequence with a delay of 30 minutes (the set value is adjustable).

[0145] (3) Internal control of each unit:

[0146] ——Fault alarm

[0147] ——EC fan failure.

[0148] The intelligent control cabinet configured in this technical solution, as well as the LCD touch screen, programmable controller, remote communication module and programmable software configured on the intelligent cabinet, can adopt intelligent control equipment with mature application technology in the field of numerical control equipment, such as PLC (programmable logic controller) control cabinet, DCS (distributed control system) control cabinet, SCADA (supervisory control and data acquisition system) control cabinet, HMI (human-machine interface) control cabinet, and type structure of intelligent control cabinet based on the Internet of Things (IoT).

[0149] Detailed workflow

[0150] Steps for natural ventilation in summer

[0151] Installation equipment: Install airtight roof ventilators on the boiler room roof and the outdoor roof of the denitrification part; install airtight exhaust devices at a height of about 75 meters in the boiler room.

[0152] Start the exhaust device: In summer, open the airtight exhaust device to remove the hot air rising from the bottom of the boiler.

[0153] Monitor temperature: Monitor the temperature of the burner platform and furnace top area through temperature sensors to ensure that they meet the working environment conditions required by the design.

[0154] Winter waste heat utilization and intelligent heating steps

[0155] Installation equipment: Install intelligent heating units on the outdoor roof of the boiler room and on the side of the indoor furnace top floor.

[0156] Injection of cold air: In winter, outdoor cold air is injected into the central area of ​​the furnace roof, causing it to undergo entrainment and heat exchange with the hot plume on the top of the boiler room, forming an annular mixed air cloud.

[0157] Adjust the air supply volume: adjust the cold air supply volume of the heating unit through the intelligent control system to ensure the formation of a dynamic thermal interface above the operating layer and maintain the winter temperature of the operating layer ≥16℃.

[0158] Intelligent temperature uniformity steps

[0159] Installed equipment: Install downward and side-delivery intelligent temperature-uniform units 16.50 meters below the boiler room operating floor.

[0160] Drain hot air: Drain the hot air from the upper part of the operating layer to the lower part of the operating layer, and use jets to provide directional air supply to the low-temperature zone behind the furnace and near the outer protective structure of the zero-meter layer.

[0161] Temperature uniformity: ensure uniform temperature at the zero-meter layer, eliminate local heating blind spots, increase air pressure and indoor temperature at the zero-meter layer, and make the temperature at the zero-meter layer ≥10℃ in winter.

[0162] Mid-course relay: When the effective jet distance is insufficient, an intelligent temperature-uniformizing unit is connected in series in the middle of the total jet distance for mid-course relay.

[0163] Intelligent control system operation

[0164] Centralized monitoring: Through the LCD touch screen, programmable controller (PLC) and remote communication module on the intelligent control cabinet, the working status information of each device in the boiler room and the detection data of each sensor are received for centralized monitoring.

[0165] Manual control: Provides manual control function to facilitate control of various devices during debugging, maintenance and operation.

[0166] Data storage and display: Set monitoring parameters on the touch screen to display and store parameters of each monitoring point, the status and faults of each operating equipment and component, dynamic graphics of the system and historical data.

[0167] Alarm function: It has sound and light alarm functions for operating equipment failure and monitoring point parameter exceeding the limit.

[0168] Fire interlock protection: With fire interlock protection function, when the fire control system sends out a fire signal, all heating and ventilation equipment will be stopped and the shutdown signal will be fed back to the fire control system.

[0169] Remote communication: Through the remote communication module and hard wiring, it can be connected with airtight roof ventilators, airtight exhaust devices, intelligent heating units, intelligent temperature-constant units and sensors to achieve remote and wired circuit control.

[0170] The heat balance and air volume balance calculation of the waste heat utilization in the boiler room can be calculated using the following typical projects:

[0171] (1) Calculate the air volume of the span in front of the furnace above the operating floor (two furnaces): V = length * width * height = 68m * 5.5m * (88.9-78.9)m = 3740m 3 (Typical Projects)

[0172] (2) The total amount of outdoor cold air delivered to the indoor space by the rooftop intelligent heating unit (typical project), such as Figure 4 Shown

[0173] (3) When the boiler room is in operation, the heat dissipation of the boiler equipment pipeline is 10500kW / single boiler. When the boiler room is in normal operation, the heating design heat load is 1800kW / single boiler (typical project)

[0174] (4) Calculate the required temperature and humidity parameters (typical items) such as Figure 5 Shown

[0175] (5) Check the enthalpy of moist air:

[0176] The outdoor temperature is -7.8℃, the relative humidity is 49%, the enthalpy value is -4.78kJ / kg, and the air density is ρ1.115kg / m 3 ;

[0177] When the temperature is 16°C and the relative humidity is between 40% and 60%, the enthalpy value at a relative humidity of 40% is: 29.68 kJ / kga; when the temperature is 10°C and the relative humidity is between 40% and 60%, the enthalpy value at a relative humidity of 40% is: 19.17 kJ / kga.

[0178] (6) Calculate the amount of heat absorbed by the outdoor cold air delivered into the room when it reaches 10°C: Q = M*(H-7.8-H10) = 960000*1.115*(19.17-(-4.78)) / 3600 = 25636080 kJ / h = 7121 kW.

[0179] Q: The amount of heat absorbed by the cold air sent in from the outside, M is the mass of the cold air sent in from the outside, H-7.8 is the enthalpy value of the outdoor cold air at a temperature of -7.8°C and a relative humidity of 49%, and H10 is the enthalpy value of the air at a temperature of 10°C and a relative humidity of 40% to 60%.

[0180] (7) From the typical project, we can see that the heat dissipation of a single furnace is 10500kW, and the total heat dissipation of two furnaces is 21000kW, which is far greater than the 7121KW of heat that the outdoor cold air sent into the room needs to absorb when it reaches 10℃, and meets the fresh air heating requirements (accounting for only 33.9% of the heat dissipation).

[0181] At the same time, the heat that needs to be absorbed by the outdoor cold air sent into the room to reach 10℃ is 7124KW, which is greater than the heating design heat load of 1800kW / single furnace and 3600KW / two furnaces during normal operation of the boiler room specified in the typical project (about 2 times), so the zero-meter layer temperature in winter can reach the requirement of ≥10℃.

[0182] (8) According to the boiler room design, the high-temperature air at the top of the furnace is 68m*5.5m*(88.9-78.9)m=3740m 3 , and the total amount of outdoor cold air sent into the room by the intelligent heating unit arranged on the roof is 960000m 3 / h, that is, the total amount of outdoor cold air delivered into the room per second is 267m 3 / s. Calculate the temperature of the cold outdoor air entering the room and the hot air from the stove top after mixing:

[0183] From the standard volume of 1MOL being 22.4L and P1V1 / T1=P2V2 / T2, we can know that

[0184] The volume of outdoor cold air entering the room by 1MOL is V2 = 101325*22.4*(273.15--7.8) / (85030*273.15) = 27.45L

[0185] 1MOLThe volume of the furnace top air V2=101325*22.4*(273.15+40) / (85030*273.15)=30.6LSince (P1V1+P2V2)=(n1+n2)RTP1, P2 represent the pressure Pa of the two gases, V1, V2 represent the volume m3 of the two gases, n1, n2 represent the amount (mol) of the two gases, R gas constant (J / (mol·K), is about 8.31J / (mol·K). T Kelvin temperature.

[0186] The temperature of the mixture of the outdoor cold air entering the room and the hot air from the stove top is:

[0187] t=(P1V1+P2V2) / ((n1+n2)R)-273.15

[0188] =(85030*3740+85030*267) / ((3740000 / 30.6+267000 / 27.45)*8.31)-273.15=37.58℃

[0189] (Approximate calibration: t flat = (m height * t height + m outside * t outside) / (m height + m outside) = (1.048 * 3740 * 40 - 1.115 * 267 * 7.8) / (1.048 * 3740 + 1.115 * 267) = 36.6 ° C)

[0190] (9) By blowing the mixed air at 37.6°C downward, it can be seen that the temperature of the operating layer can be guaranteed to be ≥16°C.

[0191] (10) Power calculation of electric heating snow and ice melting device

[0192] The outdoor temperature is -7.8℃, the relative humidity is 49%, the moisture content d is 1.13g / kg, and the air density ρ is 1.115kg / m 3 , one kilogram of ice at 0 degrees Celsius melts into water at 0 degrees Celsius and absorbs 336,000 J / Kg. The specific heat capacity of ice is 2100 J / (KG.℃)

[0193] Power calculation of 42000m3 / h intelligent heating unit electric heating snow and ice melting device:

[0194] Q=CM△t+M*λ

[0195] =(2100*42000*1.115*1.13*7.8 / 3600000)+(42000*1.115*1.13*336000 / 3600000)

[0196] =5180J / s=5.18kW, take 6kW10000m3 / h intelligent heating unit electric heating snow and ice melting device power calculation:

[0197] Q=(2100*10000*1.115*1.13*7.8 / 3600000)+(10000*1.115*1.13*336000 / 3600000)

[0198] =1233J / s=1.2kW, take 1.5kW.

[0199] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for utilizing waste heat from a boiler room and for high-efficiency, low-carbon, intelligent operation, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Steps for natural ventilation in summer: Install airtight roof ventilators on the boiler room roof and the outdoor roof of the denitrification part for natural exhaust; Install an airtight exhaust device at a height of about 75 meters in the boiler room for natural exhaust; The airtight exhaust device is turned on when the ambient temperature near the airtight exhaust device is ≥35℃ during the non-heating period to remove the hot air rising from the bottom of the boiler, reduce the temperature of the burner platform and the furnace top area, and achieve the working environment conditions required by the design; - Turn off the exhaust device during the heating period or when the minimum ambient temperature near the zero-meter layer outer enclosure structure is ≤16℃; Steps for waste heat utilization and intelligent heating in winter: Install intelligent heating units on the outdoor roof of the boiler room and on the side of the top floor of the indoor furnace; In winter, outdoor cold air is sprayed to the center of the furnace roof. The sprayed airflow undergoes entrainment and heat exchange with the hot plume on the top of the boiler room along the way, and forms an annular mixed air cloud on the top of the boiler room. As the cold air from outside continues to flow in, the cloud mass continues to grow in size and the temperature continues to drop. Under the influence of gravity and pressure, the cloud mass slowly descends. By intelligently controlling the cold air supply volume of the heating unit, a dynamic thermal interface is formed above the operating layer, so that the operating layer temperature in winter is ≥16℃; Intelligent temperature uniformity steps: Install the intelligent temperature-uniform unit with downward and side delivery at 16.50 meters below the boiler room operation floor; A certain amount of hot air from the upper part of the operating layer is diverted to the lower part of the operating layer, and directed air is supplied to the low-temperature zone behind the furnace and near the outer protective structure of the zero-meter layer by means of jets, so that the temperature of the zero-meter layer is uniform, local heating blind spots are eliminated, the air pressure and indoor temperature of the zero-meter layer are increased, and at the same time the infiltration of cold air from the bottom layer is reduced, so that the temperature of the zero-meter layer in winter is ≥10℃.

2. A method for utilizing waste heat from a boiler room and for high-efficiency, low-carbon, intelligent operation according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the intelligent temperature uniforming step, when the effective jet distance is not enough to reach the required distance, the intelligent temperature uniforming unit is connected in series in the middle of the total jet distance to take over.

3. The boiler room waste heat utilization and high-efficiency low-carbon intelligent operation system applied by the boiler room waste heat utilization and high-efficiency low-carbon intelligent operation method according to claim 2 is characterized in that: It includes an intelligent control cabinet and sensors. The intelligent control cabinet is equipped with a liquid crystal touch screen, a programmable controller, a remote communication module and programmable software. The intelligent control cabinet is connected with an airtight roof ventilator, an airtight exhaust device, an intelligent heating unit, an intelligent temperature-uniform unit and sensors through remote communication and hard wiring.

4. A boiler room waste heat utilization and high-efficiency, low-carbon intelligent operation system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sensors include a pressure sensor, a rain and snow sensor, a temperature sensor and an outdoor temperature sensor.

5. A boiler room waste heat utilization and high-efficiency, low-carbon intelligent operation system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The temperature sensors are arranged at the following positions in the boiler room: Vertical height direction: Install temperature sensors and pressure sensors at the zero-meter floor, operating floor, boiler room at an elevation of about 30 meters, the top elevation of the airtight exhaust device, and the furnace top steel truss, on the four sides of the boiler body, and at a distance of no less than 2 meters from the furnace wall; Horizontal direction of zero-meter layer and operating layer: Near the outer wall panels of the boiler room around the zero-meter layer and operating layer, multiple temperature sensors and pressure sensors are installed on each layer.

6. A boiler room waste heat utilization and high-efficiency, low-carbon intelligent operation system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The outdoor temperature sensor is arranged at the following positions in the boiler room: One outdoor temperature sensor is installed at the operating floor height and furnace top height outside each boiler house.

7. A boiler room waste heat utilization and high-efficiency, low-carbon intelligent operation system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The rain and snow sensors are arranged at the following positions in the boiler room: A rain and snow sensor is installed horizontally in the spacious outdoor area on the roof of each boiler room to detect whether there is rain or snow in the outdoor environment.

8. A boiler room waste heat utilization and high-efficiency, low-carbon intelligent operation system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The installation height of the temperature sensors and pressure sensors at the zero-meter layer and the operating layer in the vertical direction of the boiler room is 1.5 meters, and the height of the temperature sensors and pressure sensors at the zero-meter layer and the operating layer in the horizontal direction of the boiler room from the ground and the floor is 1.5 meters.

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