Method for measuring opening size of railway hump speed reducer

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of railway measurement, and provides a method for measuring the opening size of a railway hump speed reducer, which comprises the following steps of: installing total stations, finishing mutual aiming of the total stations, establishing a coordinate system of the total stations, and obtaining coordinates of the total stations; a measurement area is selected on the measurement brake rail, the measurement area is measured through the total station and the total station coordinates, and a total station measurement coordinate set is obtained; selecting straight line fitting coordinates, performing least square straight line fitting through the straight line fitting coordinates to obtain a coordinate transformation matrix, and obtaining a measurement coordinate set of the measurement area through the coordinate transformation matrix and the total station measurement coordinate set; performing cross section projection on the measurement coordinate set of the measurement area to obtain a projection coordinate set, and performing least square circle fitting on the projection coordinate set to obtain a fitting circle equation; and obtaining a braking rail distance according to the fitting circle equation, and taking the braking rail distance as the opening size of the brake. According to the invention, the opening size of the railway hump speed reducer can be rapidly measured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of railway surveying, and particularly to a method for measuring the opening size of a railway hump retarder. Background Art

[0002] As an important infrastructure of a modern railway automated marshalling station, a hump retarder can regulate the kinetic energy attenuation during the rolling process of vehicles and plays an irreplaceable key role in the train disintegration and marshalling operation. This device can not only adjust the speed of the train and decelerate the train, but also effectively ensure the train operation safety and the safety of operating personnel during the implementation of the train shunting plan, and improve the marshalling efficiency of the marshalling station. Since the opening size is the physical basis for ensuring the braking effect of the hump retarder, in order to ensure the deceleration effect of the hump retarder on the train, there are relatively strict error limits for the opening size of the hump retarder. Once the opening size is too large and exceeds the tolerance range, it will directly lead to inaccurate braking force output, resulting in insufficient deceleration effect, while too small opening size will cause excessive wear or even derailment of the wheels.

[0003] The existing detection methods usually rely on manual measurement using devices such as calipers and plug gauges by workers. This not only has a slow measurement speed, but also during the measurement, it is necessary to ensure that no train enters the track, resulting in long-term occupation of the track, reducing the marshalling efficiency. Moreover, manual measurement cannot be carried out frequently, so it is impossible to give early warnings in time for the opening size being too large or too small, leaving potential accident hazards. In addition, it is difficult for manual measurement to perform continuous measurement with a high sampling point density. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the related art. For this purpose, the present invention provides a method for measuring the opening size of a railway hump retarder, realizing continuous high-precision measurement of the opening of the hump retarder.

[0005] The present invention provides a method for measuring the opening size of a railway hump retarder, including: S1: Install a total station, and make the total station complete the total station mutual aiming. Establish a total station coordinate system through the total station mutual aiming, and obtain the total station coordinates through the total station coordinate system; S2: Determine the measuring brake rail, select a measuring area on the measuring brake rail, and measure the measuring area through the total station and the total station coordinates to obtain a total station measurement coordinate set; S3: Select linear fitting coordinates from the total station measurement coordinate set, perform least squares linear fitting through the linear fitting coordinates to obtain a coordinate transformation matrix, and obtain a measurement area measurement coordinate set through the coordinate transformation matrix and the total station measurement coordinate set; S4: Perform a cross-sectional projection on the measured coordinate set of the measurement area to obtain a projected coordinate set, and perform a least-squares circle fitting on the projected coordinate set to obtain a fitted circle equation; S5: Obtain the brake rail spacing according to the fitted circle equation, and use the brake rail spacing as the brake opening size.

[0006] According to a method for measuring the opening size of a railway hump retarder provided by the present invention, in step S1, the total station is installed on a rail vehicle. The total station includes a first total station and a second total station, and the horizontal projection of the first total station is located outside the first running rail, and the horizontal projection of the second total station is located outside the second running rail.

[0007] According to a method for measuring the opening size of a railway hump retarder provided by the present invention, in step S1, the oblique distance, the total station aiming angle, and the total station pitching angle between the first total station and the second total station are obtained by mutual aiming of the total stations. The origin of the coordinate system is selected to establish a total station coordinate system, and the total station coordinates are obtained through the oblique distance, the total station aiming angle, and the total station pitching angle.

[0008] According to a method for measuring the opening size of a railway hump retarder provided by the present invention, in step S2, the measurement interval is determined, the measurement center point is determined according to the measurement interval, and the measurement area is selected through the measurement center point, the upper edge position of the brake rail, and the lower edge position of the brake rail.

[0009] According to a method for measuring the opening size of a railway hump retarder provided by the present invention, in step S2, the measurement interval is determined, the measurement center point is determined according to the measurement interval, and the measurement area is selected through the measurement center point, the upper edge position of the brake rail, and the lower edge position of the brake rail.

[0010] According to a method for measuring the opening size of a railway hump retarder provided by the present invention, in step S3, the total station measurement coordinates with the same z-axis coordinate in the total station measurement coordinate set are selected as the straight line fitting coordinates.

[0011] According to a method for measuring the opening size of a railway hump retarder provided by the present invention, in step S3, a least-squares straight line fitting equation is constructed, and least-squares straight line fitting is performed through the least-squares straight line fitting equation and the straight line fitting coordinates to obtain a fitted straight line equation. A coordinate transformation matrix is obtained through the fitted straight line equation, and the total station measurement coordinate set is coordinate-transformed by using the coordinate transformation matrix to obtain the measured coordinate set of the measurement area.

[0012] According to a method for measuring the opening size of a railway hump retarder provided by the present invention, in step S4, the measured coordinate set plane of the measurement area is projected onto the cross-sectional plane of the first running rail and the second running rail to obtain the projected coordinate set.

[0013] According to a method for measuring the opening size of a railway hump retarder provided by the present invention, in step S4, a least-squares circle fitting matrix is constructed, and the projection coordinate set is substituted into the least-squares circle fitting matrix to obtain the coordinates of the center of the fitting circle and the radius of the fitting circle, and the fitting circle equation is obtained through the coordinates of the center of the fitting circle and the radius of the fitting circle.

[0014] According to a method for measuring the opening size of a railway hump retarder provided by the present invention, in step S5, the fitting circle spacing is obtained through the coordinates of the center of the fitting circle, and the brake rail spacing is obtained according to the fitting circle spacing and the radius of the fitting circle.

[0015] One or more of the above technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention have at least one of the following technical effects: The method for measuring the opening size of a railway hump retarder provided by the present invention realizes the automatic measurement of the opening size of the railway hump retarder through a total station, and can perform rapid and continuous measurement during the movement. In addition, the influence of the bending and inclination of the track on the measurement result is eliminated through least-squares straight line fitting, and the geometric parameters with an arc-shaped side are characterized quickly and approximately through least-squares circle fitting, thereby realizing the automatic measurement of the opening size.

[0016] The additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be partially given in the following description, partially become apparent from the following description, or be understood through the practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0018] Figure 1 is a schematic flowchart of a method for measuring the opening size of a railway hump retarder provided by the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 is a schematic layout diagram of a total station for a method for measuring the opening size of a railway hump retarder provided by the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 is a schematic measurement process diagram of a total station measurement coordinate set for a method for measuring the opening size of a railway hump retarder provided by the present invention.

[0021] Reference numerals: 11. The first total station instrument; 12. The second total station instrument; 21. The first left braking rail; 22. The second left braking rail; 31. The first right braking rail; 32. The second right braking rail; 41. The first running rail; 42. The second running rail. Detailed implementation manners

[0022] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Apparently, the described embodiments are some but not all of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts based on the embodiments in the present invention belong to the scope of protection of the present invention. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present invention but cannot be used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0023] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus cannot be construed as a limitation on the embodiments of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0024] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "connected" and "coupled" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0025] In the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the first feature being "on" or "under" the second feature can be that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are indirectly in contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "over" and "on top of" the second feature can be that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature has a higher horizontal height than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "beneath" and "underneath" the second feature can be that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature has a lower horizontal height than the second feature.

[0026] In the description of this specification, the descriptions referring to terms such as "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" mean that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the embodiments of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0027] The following is combined with Figures 1 to 3 to describe the specific implementation of the present invention Figure 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for measuring the opening size of a railway hump retarder provided by the present invention. First, install the total station and complete the mutual aiming of the total stations to establish a total station coordinate system, thereby obtaining the total station coordinates; then select a measurement area on the braking rail and measure the measurement area to obtain the total station measurement coordinate system; then select the straight-line fitting coordinates and perform the least-squares straight-line fitting to obtain the measurement coordinate set of the measurement area; then perform the cross-sectional projection to obtain the projection coordinate set, perform the least-squares circle fitting to obtain the fitting circle equation; finally, obtain the brake opening size according to the fitting circle equation.

[0028] For the above steps, the specific implementation in this embodiment is as follows: S1: Install the total station and make the total station complete the mutual aiming of the total stations. Establish a total station coordinate system through the mutual aiming of the total stations, and obtain the total station coordinates through the total station coordinate system; Furthermore, the purpose of this stage is to install the total station and make the total station complete the mutual aiming of the total stations, thereby establishing a total station coordinate system and obtaining the total station coordinates. Specifically, in step S1, the total station is installed on the rail vehicle. The total station includes a first total station and a second total station, and the horizontal projection of the first total station is located outside the first running rail, and the horizontal projection of the second total station is located outside the second running rail.

[0029] In step S1, obtain the slant distance, the total station aiming angle, and the total station pitch angle between the first total station and the second total station through the mutual aiming of the total stations. Select the coordinate origin to establish a total station coordinate system, and obtain the total station coordinates through the slant distance, the total station aiming angle, and the total station pitch angle.

[0030] For the above steps, the specific implementation in this embodiment is as follows: First, the total station includes a first total station 11 and a second total station 12. For convenient movement during measurement, the first total station 11 and the second total station 12 need to be installed on both sides of a rail vehicle that can travel on a track, and are arranged opposite to each other with their initial baselines aligned with each other. Shock-absorbing bases are respectively installed at the bottoms of the first total station 11 and the second total station 12 to minimize the vibration caused by the travel of the rail vehicle and ensure the measurement accuracy of the total station. For measurement, it is necessary to make the horizontal projection of the first total station 11 downward located outside the first running rail 41, that is, the horizontal projection shall not be between the first running rail 41 and the second running rail 42, nor shall it fall on the first running rail 41 or the second running rail 42. Similarly, the horizontal projection of the second total station 12 downward also needs to be located outside the second running rail 42, that is, the horizontal projection shall not be between the first running rail 41 and the second running rail 42, nor shall it fall on the first running rail 41 or the second running rail 42. The arrangement of the total station is as Figure 2 shown.

[0031] Since there will be certain errors during the process of aligning the initial baselines of the first total station 11 and the second total station 12 with each other during setting, it is necessary to make the first total station 11 and the second total station 12 complete the mutual aiming of the total stations, that is, make the first total station 11 aim at the second total station 12, so as to obtain the oblique distance between the first total station 11 and the second total station 12, the total station aiming angle when the first total station 11 aims at the second total station 12, that is, the horizontal angle relative to the initial baseline of the total station when the first total station 11 aims at the second total station 12, and the total station pitch angle when the first total station 11 aims at the second total station 12, that is, the pitch angle relative to the initial baseline of the total station when the first total station 11 aims at the second total station 12. Subsequently, the origin of the coordinate system is selected to establish a total station coordinate system. In this embodiment, the selected origin of the coordinate system is the first total station 11, and the z-axis is made to point to the sky, the x-axis is made to point parallel to the first running rail 41 and the second running rail 42, and the y-axis is made to point perpendicular to the first running rail 41 and the second running rail 42, so as to establish a total station coordinate system with the first total station 11 as the origin, the z-axis pointing to the sky, the x-axis pointing parallel to the first running rail 41 and the second running rail 42, and the y-axis pointing perpendicular to the first running rail 41 and the second running rail 42.

[0032] Subsequently, the total station coordinates are obtained through the total station coordinate system, that is, the coordinates of the first total station 11 and the second total station 12 in the total station coordinate system. Among them, the coordinates of the x, y, and z axes of the first total station 11 are X A , Y A , Z A , and the coordinates of the x, y, and z axes of the second total station 12 are X B , Y B , Z B , and: Among them, X A , Y A , Z A all take values of 0, is the inclined distance between the first total station 11 and the second total station 12, is the elevation angle of the total station, is the aiming angle of the total station.

[0033] S2: Determine the measurement brake rail, select a measurement area on the measurement brake rail, and measure the measurement area through the total station and the total station coordinates to obtain a total station measurement coordinate set; Furthermore, the purpose of this stage is to determine the measurement brake rail to be measured, select a measurement area on the measurement brake rail, and thus perform measurement to obtain a total station measurement coordinate set. Specifically, in step S2, determine the measurement interval, determine the measurement center point according to the measurement interval, and select the measurement area through the measurement center point, the upper edge position of the brake rail, and the lower edge position of the brake rail.

[0034] In step S2, after selecting the measurement area, determine multiple in-area measurement points in the measurement area, and sequentially measure the in-area measurement points through the total station and the total station coordinates to obtain the total station measurement coordinate set.

[0035] For the above steps, the specific implementation manner in this embodiment is as follows: First, determine the measurement brake rail. Here, the measurement brake rail includes the first left brake rail 21, the second left brake rail 22, the first right brake rail 31, and the second right brake rail 32. Subsequently, determine the measurement interval, that is, the interval distance of the measurement center point between two measurements. In this embodiment, the measurement interval is 2m, and the measurement center point is the midpoint of the connection line between the upper and lower edges of the inner side of each measurement brake rail. After selecting the measurement center point on the measurement brake rail, select the measurement area through the measurement center point, the upper edge position of the brake rail, and the lower edge position of the brake rail. In this embodiment, the measurement area is rectangular, and the vertical distance from the upper edge of the measurement area to the upper edge position of the measurement brake rail is 1cm, the vertical distance from the lower edge of the measurement area to the lower edge position of the measurement brake rail is 1cm, the left side of the measurement area is located 3cm to the left of the measurement center point, and the right side of the measurement area is located 3cm to the right of the measurement center point.

[0036] After selecting the measurement area, multiple measurement points can be determined within the measurement area as the in-area measurement points. Subsequently, the first total station 11 measures the in-area measurement points inside the second left braking rail 22 and the second right braking rail 32, and the second total station 12 sequentially measures the in-area measurement points inside the first left braking rail 21 and the first right braking rail 31, so as to obtain the slant distance of the measurement points when measuring the in-area measurement points in the total station measurement area, the aiming angle of the measurement points relative to the initial baseline when measuring the in-area measurement points in the total station measurement area, and the pitch angle of the measurement points relative to the initial baseline when measuring the in-area measurement points in the total station measurement area. The measurement process of the total station measurement coordinate set is as Figure 3 shown, so as to obtain the total station measurement coordinates with the coordinates of the x, y, and z axes of the in-area measurement points being X, Y, and Z respectively: Among them, is the x-axis coordinate of the total station coordinate, and when the in-area measurement point is inside the second left braking rail 22 or the second right braking rail 32, take X A , otherwise take X B ; is the y-axis coordinate of the total station coordinate, and when the in-area measurement point is inside the second left braking rail 22 or the second right braking rail 32, take Y A , otherwise take Y B ; is the z-axis coordinate of the total station coordinate, and when the in-area measurement point is inside the second left braking rail 22 or the second right braking rail 32, take Z A , otherwise take Z B ; is the slant distance of the measurement point, V is the pitch angle of the measurement point, is the aiming angle of the measurement point. Measure all the in-area measurement points in the measurement area in sequence to obtain multiple total station measurement coordinates, constituting the total station measurement coordinate set.

[0037] S3: Select the straight-line fitting coordinates from the total station measurement coordinate set, perform least-squares straight-line fitting through the straight-line fitting coordinates to obtain a coordinate transformation matrix, and obtain the measurement area measurement coordinate set through the coordinate transformation matrix and the total station measurement coordinate set; Furthermore, the purpose of this stage is to select the straight-line fitting coordinates, so as to perform least-squares straight-line fitting to obtain a coordinate transformation matrix, so as to obtain the measurement area measurement coordinate set. Specifically, in step S3, select the total station measurement coordinates with the same z-axis coordinate in the total station measurement coordinate set as the straight-line fitting coordinates.

[0038] In step S3, a least-squares line fitting equation is constructed, and least-squares line fitting is performed using the least-squares line fitting equation and the line fitting coordinates to obtain a fitting line equation. A coordinate transformation matrix is obtained from the fitting line equation, and the total station measurement coordinate set is coordinate-transformed using the coordinate transformation matrix to obtain the measurement coordinate set of the measurement area.

[0039] For the above steps, the specific implementation in this embodiment is as follows: First, it is necessary to select line fitting coordinates. In this embodiment, the total station measurement coordinates with the same z-axis coordinate in the total station measurement coordinate set in the measurement area are selected as the line fitting coordinates. Then, a least-squares line fitting equation is constructed and the line fitting coordinates are substituted into the least-squares line fitting equation: where n is the number of line fitting coordinates, is the x-axis coordinate of the i-th line fitting coordinate, is the y-axis coordinate of the i-th line fitting coordinate, is the first fitting line parameter, b is the second fitting line parameter, is the average value of the x-axis coordinates of the line fitting coordinates, is the average value of the y-axis coordinates of the line fitting coordinates. The fitting line equation y = a + bx can be obtained through the first fitting line parameter and the second fitting line parameter. Here, due to reasons such as wear, bending, and deformation, the direction of the measurement braking rail in the measurement area does not necessarily coincide with that of the first running rail and the second running rail. Therefore, the local direction of the measurement braking rail in the measurement area can be obtained through the fitting line equation. According to the fitting line equation and the x-axis direction of the total station coordinate system, the included angle γ between the fitting line equation and the x-axis direction of the total station coordinate system can be obtained, and then the coordinate transformation matrix C can be obtained; The coordinate transformation matrix is multiplied by the total station measurement coordinates in the total station measurement coordinate set in sequence to complete the coordinate transformation, and the measurement coordinates of the measurement area can be obtained. All the measurement coordinates of the measurement area in the measurement area are used as the measurement coordinate set of the measurement area.

[0040] S4: Perform a cross-sectional projection on the measurement coordinate set of the measurement area to obtain a projection coordinate set, and perform least-squares circle fitting on the projection coordinate set to obtain a fitting circle equation; Furthermore, the purpose of this stage is to perform a cross-sectional projection to obtain a projection coordinate set and perform least-squares circle fitting to obtain a fitting circle equation. Specifically, in step S4, the plane of the measurement coordinate set of the measurement area is projected onto the cross-sectional plane of the first running rail and the second running rail to obtain the projection coordinate set.

[0041] In step S4, a least-squares circle fitting matrix is constructed, and the projection coordinate set is substituted into the least-squares circle fitting matrix to obtain the coordinates of the center of the fitting circle and the radius of the fitting circle. The equation of the fitting circle is obtained through the coordinates of the center of the fitting circle and the radius of the fitting circle.

[0042] For the above steps, the specific implementation in this embodiment is as follows; First, it is necessary to project the measurement coordinates in the measurement coordinate set of the measurement area onto the cross-sectional plane of the first traveling rail 41 and the second traveling rail 42, so as to obtain a projection coordinate set including projection coordinates. Subsequently, a least-squares circle fitting matrix is constructed, and the projection coordinate set is substituted into the least-squares circle fitting matrix: Among them, is the z-axis coordinate of the j-th projection coordinate, is the y-axis coordinate of the j-th projection coordinate, J is the number of projection coordinates in the projection coordinate set, M is the initial first fitting circle parameter, O is the initial second fitting circle parameter, P is the initial third fitting circle parameter, A is the intermediate first fitting circle parameter, B is the intermediate second fitting circle parameter, E is the intermediate third fitting circle parameter, is the y-axis coordinate of the center of the fitting circle, is the z-axis coordinate of the center of the fitting circle, r is the radius of the fitting circle. The coordinates of the center of the fitting circle can be obtained through the y-axis coordinate and the z-axis coordinate of the center of the fitting circle. The equation of the fitting circle can be obtained through the coordinates of the center of the fitting circle and the radius of the fitting circle: In this way, the equation of the fitting circle for each measurement area can be obtained.

[0043] S5: Obtain the brake rail spacing according to the equation of the fitting circle, and use the brake rail spacing as the brake opening size.

[0044] Furthermore, the purpose of this stage is to obtain the brake opening size according to the equation of the fitting circle. Specifically, in step S5, the fitting circle spacing is obtained through the coordinates of the center of the fitting circle, and the brake rail spacing is obtained according to the fitting circle spacing and the radius of the fitting circle.

[0045] For the above steps, the specific implementation in this embodiment is as follows: First, obtain the equations of the fitting circles of the measurement areas of the first left brake rail 21, the second left brake rail 22, the first right brake rail 31, and the second right brake rail 32 on the same cross-sectional plane. Then, taking the calculation of the brake rail spacing between the first left brake rail 21 and the second left brake rail 22 as an example, the method for calculating the brake rail spacing is as follows: Among them, is the y-axis coordinate of the center of the fitting circle of the measurement area of the first left brake rail 21. is the y-axis coordinate of the center of the fitting circle of the measurement area of the second left brake rail 22. is the z-axis coordinate of the center of the fitting circle of the measurement area of the first left brake rail 21. is the z-axis coordinate of the center of the fitting circle of the measurement area of the second left brake rail 22. is the distance between the fitting circles of the first left brake rail 21 and the second left brake rail 22. is the radius of the fitting circle of the measurement area of the first left brake rail 21. is the radius of the fitting circle of the measurement area of the second left brake rail 22. is the distance between the brake rails of the first left brake rail 21 and the second left brake rail 22. Calculate the distance between the brake rails of the first right brake rail 31 and the second right brake rail 32 using the same method, and use the distance between the brake rails as the brake opening size.

[0046] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than limiting it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for measuring the opening size of a railway hump reducer, characterized in that: include: S1: installing the total station, and making the total stations aim at each other, establishing a total station coordinate system through the total station aiming, and obtaining the total station coordinates through the total station coordinate system; S2: determining a measuring brake rail, selecting a measuring area on the measuring brake rail, measuring the measuring area by using the total station and the total station coordinates, and obtaining a total station measuring coordinate set; S3: Select straight-line fitting coordinates from the total station measurement coordinate set, perform least square straight-line fitting through the straight-line fitting coordinates to obtain a coordinate transformation matrix, and obtain a measurement area measurement coordinate set through the coordinate transformation matrix and the total station measurement coordinate set; S4: performing cross-section projection on the measurement coordinate set of the measurement area to obtain a projection coordinate set, and performing least squares circle fitting on the projection coordinate set to obtain a fitting circle equation; S5: Obtaining a brake rail spacing according to the fitting circle equation, and using the brake rail spacing as a brake opening size.

2. The method for measuring the opening size of a railway hump reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the total station is installed on a rail vehicle, the total station includes a first total station and a second total station, and the horizontal projection of the first total station is located outside the first running rail, and the horizontal projection of the second total station is located outside the second running rail.

3. The method for measuring the opening size of a railway hump reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the slant distance, the total station aiming angle and the total station pitch angle between the first total station and the second total station are obtained by mutual aiming of the total stations, the origin of the coordinate system is selected to establish a total station coordinate system, and the total station coordinates are obtained by the slant distance, the total station aiming angle and the total station pitch angle.

4. The method for measuring the opening size of a railway hump reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, a measurement interval is determined, a measurement center point is determined according to the measurement interval, and a measurement area is selected by measuring the center point, the upper edge position of the brake rail, and the lower edge position of the brake rail.

5. The method for measuring the opening size of a railway hump reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, after selecting a measurement area, a plurality of measurement points in the measurement area are determined, and the measurement points in the area are measured in sequence by using the total station and the total station coordinates to obtain the total station measurement coordinate set.

6. The method for measuring the opening size of a railway hump reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the total station measurement coordinates with the same z-axis coordinates in the total station measurement coordinate set are selected as the straight line fitting coordinates.

7. The method for measuring the opening size of a railway hump reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, a least squares straight line fitting equation is constructed and a least squares straight line fitting is performed using the least squares straight line fitting equation and the straight line fitting coordinates to obtain a fitted straight line equation. A coordinate transformation matrix is ​​obtained by fitting the straight line equation. The coordinate transformation matrix is ​​used to perform coordinate transformation on the total station measurement coordinate set to obtain the measurement area measurement coordinate set.

8. The method for measuring the opening size of a railway hump reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the measurement coordinate set of the measurement area is plane-projected onto a cross-sectional plane of the first running rail and the second running rail to obtain the projection coordinate set.

9. The method for measuring the opening size of a railway hump reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, a least squares circle fitting matrix is ​​constructed, and the projection coordinate set is substituted into the least squares circle fitting matrix to obtain the coordinates of the center of the fitting circle and the radius of the fitting circle, and the fitting circle equation is obtained through the coordinates of the center of the fitting circle and the radius of the fitting circle.

10. The method for measuring the opening size of a railway hump reducer according to claim 9, characterized in that: In step S5, the fitting circle spacing is obtained by fitting the circle center coordinates, and the brake rail spacing is obtained according to the fitting circle spacing and the fitting circle radius.

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