A lightweight optimization method and system for electric power iron accessories

Abstract

The present invention discloses a lightweight optimization method and system for electric power iron accessories, which relates to the technical field of electric power system equipment. The method includes collecting the environmental data and initial structure data of the iron accessories by using sensors and performing preprocessing; constructing a topology optimization model based on the initial structure data and performing topology optimization on the structure of the iron accessories; generating an optimal material distribution plan according to the structure data after topology optimization; and adjusting the optimal material distribution plan according to the environmental data. The present invention constructs a topology optimization model based on the initial structure data, can deeply optimize the structure of the iron accessories, can find a more reasonable structural form, reduce the use of materials on the premise of ensuring strength and stability. Through topology optimization, unnecessary materials can be removed, the weight can be reduced without reducing the bearing capacity, and the distribution of materials in the iron accessories can be made more scientific, which can significantly improve the performance of the iron accessories.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of power system equipment, and particularly to a method and system for optimizing the lightweight of power iron accessories. Background Art

[0002] As key components in transmission lines, power iron accessories undertake important functions such as support, connection, and insulation. The traditional design of power iron accessories has the following technical bottlenecks: Most existing iron accessories use traditional materials such as cast iron and steel. The design relies on empirical formulas and static strength checks, resulting in serious structural redundancy. The iron accessories are exposed to complex environments for a long time. Factors such as temperature changes (-40°C to 85°C), humidity fluctuations (10% to 95% RH), and wind vibrations (0 to 50 m / s) will cause attenuation of material properties. The existing design does not establish a dynamic correlation model between environmental parameters and structural responses, making it difficult to ensure reliability under extreme working conditions. Traditional lightweight means focus on reducing geometric dimensions or replacing a single material. The "weight reduction" based on experience often leads to stress concentration and increases the risk of fracture. Most existing topology optimization algorithms are for static loads and cannot integrate real-time environmental data. The material distribution scheme lacks a dynamic adjustment mechanism and is difficult to adapt to grid load fluctuations and climate changes. The current design of iron accessories relies on manual intervention and lacks data-driven autonomous optimization capabilities.

[0003] However, the common solutions currently available have many drawbacks, including: The existing methods perform static optimization based on preset load conditions and cannot cope with grid load fluctuations or extreme weather. The existing lightweight methods take weight reduction as the only goal and require manual setting of parameters, resulting in a conflict between strength and lightweight. Traditional designs rely on engineers' experience to adjust material distribution, which is inefficient and vulnerable to subjective factors. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this part is to outline some aspects of the embodiments of the present invention and briefly introduce some preferred embodiments. Simplifications or omissions may be made in this part, as well as in the abstract and title of the present application, to avoid obscuring the purpose of this part, the abstract, and the title. However, such simplifications or omissions shall not be used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0005] In view of the problems existing in the above-mentioned existing method and system for optimizing the lightweight of power iron accessories, the present invention is proposed.

[0006] Therefore, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method and system for optimizing the lightweight of power iron accessories, which are applicable to solving the problems that the existing lightweight methods take weight reduction as the only goal and require manual setting of parameters, resulting in a conflict between strength and lightweight, and the traditional design relies on engineers' experience to adjust material distribution, which is inefficient and vulnerable to subjective factors.

[0007] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for optimizing the lightweight of electric power iron accessories, which includes using sensors to collect environmental data and initial structure data of the iron accessories and performing preprocessing; constructing a topology optimization model based on the initial structure data and performing topology optimization on the structure of the iron accessories; generating an optimal material distribution plan according to the structure data after topology optimization; and adjusting the optimal material distribution plan according to the environmental data.

[0009] As a preferred solution of the method for optimizing the lightweight of electric power iron accessories according to the present invention, wherein: the sensors include a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a wind speed sensor, a vibration sensor, a stress sensor, a strain sensor, and a 3D scanner; the environmental data includes temperature, humidity, wind speed, wind direction, vibration frequency, and vibration amplitude; the initial structure data includes geometric shape, dimensional parameters, material properties, structural connection methods, load conditions, boundary conditions, and manufacturing process information.

[0010] As a preferred solution of the method for optimizing the lightweight of electric power iron accessories according to the present invention, wherein: the specific steps of constructing the topology optimization model are as follows: establishing a 3D parametric model according to the geometric shape and dimensional parameters, and performing discretization processing on the design domain by using finite element mesh generation technology; combining the material properties with the load conditions and boundary conditions, and establishing a topology optimization model with the maximization of stiffness as the objective function and the mass fraction as the constraint condition; introducing manufacturing process constraint parameters, including minimum feature size constraint and symmetry constraint, to construct an optimization equation.

[0011] As a preferred solution of the method for optimizing the lightweight of electric power iron accessories according to the present invention, wherein: the specific formula of the optimization equation is as follows:

[0012] ;

[0013] Wherein, F is the comprehensive optimization index of the iron accessory structure; C is the flexibility of the electric power iron accessory structure, which is used as a constraint condition to ensure that the structural stiffness meets the conditions; M is the total mass of the electric power iron accessory structure; is the mass weight coefficient; is the weight coefficient of the jth stress component, which is used to adjust the weight of different stress constraints; is the jth stress component, which is measured in real time by a stress sensor; is the limit value of the jth stress component, which is determined by the material strength standard; is the temperature influence weight coefficient, which controls the influence of temperature on the structure; is the kth environmental temperature, which is collected in real time by a temperature sensor; is the reference temperature, which is set according to the thermal expansion coefficient of the material; m is the total number of stress components; p is the total number of temperature conditions.

[0014] As a preferred solution of the lightweight optimization method for the electric iron accessories described in the present invention, the specific situation of the comprehensive optimization index of the iron accessory structure is as follows: when the comprehensive optimization index of the iron accessory structure is greater than the first threshold, it indicates that the structural performance does not meet the standard and further analysis is required: if the flexibility term dominates, increase the material density of the key parts; if the mass term dominates, reduce the material density of the non-load-bearing area; if the stress / temperature term dominates, adjust the material distribution or replace the high-temperature / high-strength material; when the comprehensive optimization index of the iron accessory structure is less than the first threshold and greater than the second threshold, it indicates that the structure meets the basic requirements but there is room for optimization. Output the current material distribution plan, marked as "acceptable but not optimal", and further analyze: if the flexibility term dominates, perform a sensitivity analysis on the structure of the iron accessory to determine the material of the part that has the greatest impact on the flexibility. For the key units determined in the sensitivity analysis, perform material reduction processing on them; if the mass term dominates, use lightweight materials to replace the original materials and reduce the weight coefficient of the mass term; if the stress term dominates, increase the material thickness of the stress concentration area or use fiber-reinforced composite materials. Locate the high-stress area through finite element analysis and redistribute the materials to form a more reasonable load transfer path; if the temperature term dominates, embed high-thermal-conductivity materials in the high-temperature area, design a microchannel water cooling system, take away heat through the circulation of the coolant, and spray a high-reflectivity coating on the surface; when the comprehensive optimization index of the iron accessory structure is less than the second threshold, it indicates that the iron accessory structure reaches the optimal balance among stiffness, mass, stress, and temperature constraints, the mass of the iron accessory structure is minimized, and there is still a safety margin under extreme temperatures and loads. Output the final optimization plan.

[0015] As a preferred solution of the lightweight optimization method for the electric iron accessories described in the present invention, the specific steps for adjusting the optimal material distribution plan are as follows: identify the hot spots and cold embrittlement areas, calculate the temperature gradient, and locate the areas with rapid temperature changes; calculate the critical wind speed according to the wind speed and determine the wind pressure distribution on the windward side; locally increase the material density in the hot spot area and increase the solid material in the cold embrittlement area; coat the alloy coating in the humidity area; install magnetorheological dampers at the vibration-sensitive parts to generate a bionic flow guiding plate structure.

[0016] As a preferred solution of the lightweight optimization method for the electric iron accessories described in the present invention, the specific formula for calculating the temperature gradient is as follows:

[0017] ;

[0018] Among them, is the adjusted unit density; is the initial unit density; is the temperature sensitivity coefficient; is the current temperature, which is measured by a temperature sensor; is the safety temperature threshold.

[0019] In a second aspect, to further solve the above technical problems, an embodiment of the present invention provides a lightweight optimization system for electric power iron accessories, which includes: a data collection module for collecting environmental data and initial structure data of the iron accessories and performing preprocessing; a model construction module for constructing a topology optimization model and performing topology optimization on the structure of the iron accessories; a scheme generation module for generating an optimal material distribution scheme according to the structure data after topology optimization; and a scheme adjustment module for adjusting the optimal material distribution scheme.

[0020] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a computer device, including a memory and a processor, where the memory stores a computer program, and: when the computer program is executed by the processor, any step of a lightweight optimization method for electric power iron accessories as described in the first aspect of the present invention is implemented.

[0021] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, and: when the computer program is executed by the processor, any step of a lightweight optimization method for electric power iron accessories as described in the first aspect of the present invention is implemented.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The present invention constructs a topology optimization model based on the initial structure data, which can deeply optimize the structure of the iron accessories. Compared with traditional empirical design, it can find a more reasonable structure form. On the premise of ensuring strength and stability, it reduces the use of materials. Through topology optimization, unnecessary materials can be removed, the weight can be reduced without reducing the bearing capacity. According to the structure data after topology optimization, an optimal material distribution scheme is generated, which can make the materials distributed more scientifically in the iron accessories. For example, high-strength materials are increased in the stress concentration area, and materials are reduced in the low-stress area, improving the material utilization rate and reducing costs. Compared with the traditional way of uniformly distributing materials, the performance of the iron accessories can be significantly improved. According to the environmental data and the analysis results of adaptability requirements, the material distribution scheme is adjusted, so that the iron accessories can adapt to different environmental changes. In a high-temperature environment, the material distribution of the heat dissipation part is adjusted to enhance heat dissipation; in a humid environment, the materials in the easily corroded parts are optimized to improve the corrosion resistance. This greatly extends the service life of the iron accessories in complex environments and reduces the maintenance cost and failure risk. Description of the Drawings

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings. Among them:

[0024] Figure 1 It is the implementation flowchart of the present invention in Embodiment 1;

[0025] Figure 2 It is the flowchart for generating the optimal material distribution plan of the present invention in Embodiment 1. Specific Embodiments

[0026] To make the above objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the following will make a detailed description of the specific embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings in the specification.

[0027] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to fully understand the present invention. However, the present invention can also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0028] Secondly, the so-called "one embodiment" or "embodiment" herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that can be included in at least one implementation manner of the present invention. The "in one embodiment" that appears in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment that mutually excludes other embodiments.

[0029] Embodiment 1

[0030] Refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , which is the first embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment provides a method for optimizing the lightweight of electric power iron accessories, including the following steps:

[0031] S1: Use sensors to collect the environmental data and initial structure data of the iron accessories and perform preprocessing.

[0032] Preferably, the sensors include temperature sensors, humidity sensors, wind speed sensors, vibration sensors, stress sensors, strain sensors, and 3D scanners.

[0033] Furthermore, the environmental data includes temperature, humidity, wind speed, wind direction, vibration frequency, and vibration amplitude.

[0034] Furthermore, the initial structural data includes geometric shape, dimensional parameters, material properties, structural connection methods, load conditions, boundary conditions, and manufacturing process information.

[0035] It should be noted that environmental data is obtained through temperature sensors, humidity sensors, wind speed sensors, and vibration sensors; initial structural data is obtained through stress sensors, strain sensors, and 3D scanners.

[0036] Specifically, environmental data preprocessing includes data acquisition, calibration, cleaning, and noise reduction; initial structural data preprocessing includes redundant feature filtering, mesh refinement, and boundary condition normalization.

[0037] S2: Construct a topology optimization model based on the initial structural data and perform topology optimization on the structure of the iron fitting.

[0038] Preferably, the specific steps for constructing the topology optimization model are as follows: Establish a 3D parametric model according to the geometric shape and dimensional parameters, and discretize the design domain using finite element mesh generation technology.

[0039] Combine the material properties with the load conditions and boundary conditions to establish a topology optimization model with the maximization of stiffness as the objective function and the mass fraction as the constraint condition.

[0040] Introduce manufacturing process constraint parameters, including minimum feature size constraint and symmetry constraint, to construct the optimization equation.

[0041] It should be noted that the minimum feature size constraint is to avoid the appearance of small structures less than 5 mm in the optimization results through sensitivity filtering technology to ensure the feasibility of casting or machining; the symmetry constraint is for iron fittings that are symmetric about the vertical axis, and forces the unit densities on both sides of the symmetry plane to be equal.

[0042] Furthermore, taking the minimization of the mass of the iron fitting as one of the core objectives, the total mass of the structure is represented by calculating the sum of the products of the volume of all elements and their relative density and the initial density of the material, that is:

[0043] ;

[0044] where M is the total mass of the structure of the electrical iron fitting; is the relative density of the i-th element; is the volume of the i-th element; is the initial density of the material; n is the total number of elements.

[0045] Furthermore, the flexibility of the structure is used as an index to measure the stiffness. The smaller the flexibility, the greater the stiffness. The specific formula for flexibility is as follows:

[0046] ;

[0047] Among them, C is the flexibility of the power iron accessory structure; U is the node displacement vector, which quantifies the structural deformation and reflects the stiffness performance; K is the stiffness matrix of the power iron accessory structure, which is used to describe the ability of the iron accessory structure to resist deformation.

[0048] Furthermore, the specific situation of the flexibility of the power iron accessory structure is as follows: when the flexibility C of the power iron accessory structure is less than the flexibility threshold, it indicates that the stiffness of the optimized structure meets the design requirements. At this time, the structural lightweight effect and the stiffness requirement reach a balance.

[0049] When the flexibility C of the power iron accessory structure is greater than the flexibility threshold, it indicates that the stiffness of the optimized structure is insufficient and the flexibility is too high to meet the working condition requirements. The current optimal material distribution plan will be discarded and the optimal material distribution plan will be regenerated.

[0050] Specifically, the specific formula of the optimization equation is as follows:

[0051] ;

[0052] Among them, F is the comprehensive optimization index of the iron accessory structure; C is the flexibility of the power iron accessory structure, which is used as a constraint condition to ensure that the structural stiffness meets the conditions; M is the total mass of the power iron accessory structure; is the mass weight coefficient; is the weight coefficient of the j-th stress component, which is used to adjust the weights of different stress constraints; is the j-th stress component, which is measured in real time by a stress sensor; is the limit value of the j-th stress component, which is determined by the material strength standard; is the temperature influence weight coefficient, which controls the influence of temperature on the structure; is the type of ambient temperature, which is collected in real time by a temperature sensor; is the reference temperature, which is set according to the material thermal expansion coefficient; m is the total number of stress components; p is the total number of temperature conditions.

[0053] Furthermore, the specific situation of the comprehensive optimization index of the iron accessory structure is as follows: when the comprehensive optimization index of the iron accessory structure is greater than the first threshold, it indicates that the structural performance does not meet the standard. Further analysis: if the flexibility term is dominant, increase the material density of the key parts; if the mass term is dominant, reduce the material density of the non-load-bearing area; if the stress / temperature term is dominant, adjust the material distribution or replace the high-temperature / high-strength material.

[0054] When the comprehensive optimization index of the iron accessory structure is less than the first threshold and greater than the second threshold, it indicates that the structure meets the basic requirements but there is room for optimization. Output the current material distribution plan, marked as "acceptable but not optimal", and further analyze: If the compliance term dominates, perform a sensitivity analysis on the structure of the iron accessory to determine the material of the part that has the greatest impact on compliance. For the key elements determined in the sensitivity analysis, perform material reduction processing on them; If the mass term dominates, use lightweight materials to replace the original materials to reduce the mass of the iron accessory structure and reduce the weight coefficient of the mass term; If the stress term dominates, increase the material thickness in the stress concentration area or use fiber-reinforced composite materials. Locate the high-stress area through finite element analysis and redistribute the materials to form a more reasonable load transfer path; If the temperature term dominates, embed high-thermal-conductivity materials in the high-temperature area, design a micro-channel water cooling system, remove heat through the circulation of the coolant, and spray a high-reflectivity coating on the surface to improve the radiation heat dissipation efficiency.

[0055] When the comprehensive optimization index of the iron accessory structure is less than the second threshold, it indicates that the iron accessory structure reaches an optimal balance among stiffness, mass, stress, and temperature constraints. The mass of the iron accessory structure is minimized, and there is still a safety margin under extreme temperatures and loads. Output the final optimization plan.

[0056] Preferably, compared with traditional empirical design, a more reasonable structural form can be found. On the premise of ensuring strength and stability, the use of materials can be effectively reduced. Through topology optimization, unnecessary materials can be removed to achieve the lightweight of the iron accessory, while not reducing its load-bearing capacity, improving the structural efficiency and performance of the iron accessory.

[0057] S3: Generate the optimal material distribution plan according to the structural data after topology optimization.

[0058] Preferably, the distribution of materials in the iron accessory is made more scientific and reasonable, improving the material utilization rate. By increasing high-strength materials in the stress concentration area and reducing materials in the low-stress area, the performance of the materials can be fully exerted, improving the overall performance of the iron accessory while reducing costs. Compared with the traditional way of uniformly distributing materials, it can more effectively meet the mechanical requirements of different parts of the iron accessory and improve its reliability and durability.

[0059] S4: Adjust the optimal material distribution plan according to the environmental data.

[0060] Preferably, the specific steps for adjusting the optimal material distribution plan are as follows: Identify the hot spots and cold embrittlement areas, calculate the temperature gradient, and locate the areas with rapid temperature changes.

[0061] Calculate the critical wind speed according to the wind speed and determine the wind pressure distribution on the windward side.

[0062] Locally increase the material density in the hot spot area and add solid materials in the cold embrittlement area.

[0063] Coat an alloy coating in the humidity area.

[0064] Install magnetorheological dampers at vibration-sensitive parts to generate a bionic flow deflector structure.

[0065] Furthermore, the specific formula for calculating the temperature gradient is as follows:

[0066] ;

[0067] where is the adjusted unit density; is the initial unit density; is the temperature sensitivity coefficient; is the current temperature, measured by a temperature sensor; is the safety temperature threshold.

[0068] In this embodiment, the method for obtaining the flexibility threshold is determined by comprehensively considering the structural mechanical properties of the iron accessories, the material deformation ability, and the actual engineering requirements to ensure the dynamic balance between safety and light weight of the iron accessories; the method for obtaining the first threshold is determined by the material strength standard, the safety factor method, and the environmental limit value to ensure that the iron accessories do not fail under extreme working conditions; the method for obtaining the second threshold is based on the multi-objective optimization algorithm, engineering experience, and simulation verification to achieve the optimal balance between light weight and performance under safety constraints; the method for obtaining the safety temperature threshold is determined by the material property parameters, industry standard specifications, and working condition environment data.

[0069] Exemplarily, assume that a transmission tower insulator support operates in a complex environment. The intelligent monitoring system discovers in real time through a multi-physical field sensor network that the temperature in the key connection area continues to rise, the vibration amplitude increases, and the natural frequency approaches the critical value, and the stress in the weld area gradually approaches the allowable limit of the material. The system adopts a dynamic adjustment strategy: locally increase the material density and embed a high thermal conductivity layer in the high-temperature area, activate the intelligent damper and generate a bionic flow deflector structure, and at the same time use fiber reinforcement technology to optimize the stress distribution. After optimization, the structural mass is significantly reduced, the temperature is controlled within the safe range, the stress concentration problem is effectively alleviated, the natural frequency is restored to the safe interval, and through real-time data-driven multi-objective optimization, the material utilization rate is improved, the life cycle cost is reduced, the wind resistance ability is enhanced, and the failure rate is significantly decreased, breaking through the limitations of traditional static design and reaching the international leading level of collaborative optimization of light weight and reliability.

[0070] In summary, the present invention constructs a topology optimization model based on the initial structural data, which can deeply optimize the structure of iron accessories. Compared with traditional empirical design, it can find a more reasonable structural form, reduce material usage while ensuring strength and stability. Through topology optimization, unnecessary materials can be removed, the weight can be reduced without reducing the bearing capacity. According to the structural data after topology optimization, the optimal material distribution plan can be generated, which can make the materials distributed more scientifically in the iron accessories. For example, high-strength materials are increased in the stress concentration area, and materials are reduced in the low-stress area, improving the material utilization rate and reducing costs. Compared with the traditional way of uniformly distributing materials, the performance of iron accessories can be significantly improved. According to the environmental data and the analysis results of adaptability requirements, the material distribution plan is adjusted, so that the iron accessories can adapt to different environmental changes. In a high-temperature environment, the material distribution of the heat dissipation part is adjusted to enhance heat dissipation; in a humid environment, the materials in the easily corroded parts are optimized to improve the corrosion resistance. This greatly extends the service life of iron accessories in complex environments, reducing maintenance costs and failure risks.

[0071] Example 2

[0072] An embodiment of the present invention provides a lightweight optimization system for power iron accessories, including: a data collection module for collecting environmental data and initial structural data of the iron accessories and performing preprocessing; a model construction module for constructing a topology optimization model and performing topology optimization on the structure of the iron accessories; a scheme generation module for generating an optimal material distribution plan according to the structural data after topology optimization; a scheme adjustment module for adjusting the optimal material distribution plan.

[0073] Example 3

[0074] An embodiment of the present invention, which is different from the previous embodiment, provides a computer device applicable to a lightweight optimization method for power iron accessories, including: a memory and a processor; the memory is used to store computer-executable instructions, and the processor is used to execute the computer-executable instructions to implement a lightweight optimization method for power iron accessories as proposed in the above embodiment.

[0075] The computer device may be a terminal, which includes a processor, a memory, a communication interface, a display screen, and an input device connected via a system bus. Among them, the processor of the computer device is used to provide computing and control capabilities. The memory of the computer device includes a non-volatile storage medium and an internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium stores an operating system and a computer program. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and the computer program in the non-volatile storage medium. The communication interface of the computer device is used to communicate with an external terminal in a wired or wireless manner, and the wireless manner can be implemented through WIFI, a carrier network, NFC (Near Field Communication), or other technologies. The display screen of the computer device may be a liquid crystal display screen or an electronic ink display screen, and the input device of the computer device may be a touch layer covering the display screen, or a button, a trackball, or a touchpad provided on the housing of the computer device, or an external keyboard, touchpad, or mouse, etc.

[0076] This embodiment also provides a storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, and when the program is executed by a processor, it implements the method for optimizing the lightweight of electric power iron accessories proposed in the above embodiment; the storage medium can be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device or a combination thereof, such as Static Random Access Memory (SRAM for short), Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EEPROM for short), Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EPROM for short), Programmable Red-Only Memory (PROM for short), Read-Only Memory (ROM for short), magnetic memory, flash memory, a magnetic disk, or an optical disc.

Claims

1. A lightweight optimization method for electric power iron accessories, characterized in that: Including: Collecting the environmental data and initial structure data of the iron accessory by using sensors and performing preprocessing; The sensors include a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a wind speed sensor, a vibration sensor, a stress sensor, a strain sensor, and a three-dimensional scanner; The environmental data includes temperature, humidity, wind speed, wind direction, vibration frequency, and vibration amplitude; The initial structure data includes geometric shape, dimensional parameters, material properties, structural connection mode, load conditions, boundary conditions, and manufacturing process information; Constructing a topology optimization model based on the initial structure data and performing topology optimization on the structure of the iron accessory; The specific steps for constructing the topology optimization model are as follows: Establishing a three-dimensional parametric model according to the geometric shape and dimensional parameters, and performing discretization processing on the design domain by using finite element mesh generation technology; Combining the material properties with the load conditions and boundary conditions to establish a topology optimization model with the maximization of stiffness as the objective function and the mass fraction as the constraint condition; Introducing manufacturing process constraint parameters, including minimum feature size constraint and symmetry constraint, to construct an optimization equation; The specific formula of the optimization equation is as follows: ； in, It is a comprehensive optimization index for iron accessory structures; The flexibility of the electric iron attachment structure; is the total mass of the power iron accessory structure; is the quality weight coefficient; For the The weight coefficient of each stress component; For the stress components; For the The limiting value of each stress component; is the temperature influence weight coefficient; For the Ambient temperature; is the reference temperature; is the total number of stress components; is the total number of temperature conditions; The specific situation of the comprehensive optimization index of the iron accessory structure is as follows: When the comprehensive optimization index of the iron accessory structure is greater than the first threshold, it indicates that the structural performance does not meet the standard and further analysis is required: if the compliance term dominates, increase the material density of the key parts; if the mass term dominates, reduce the material density of the non-load-bearing areas; if the stress / temperature term dominates, adjust the material distribution or replace the high-temperature / high-strength material; When the comprehensive optimization index of the iron accessory structure is less than the first threshold and greater than the second threshold, it indicates that the structure meets the basic requirements but there is room for optimization. Output the current material distribution plan, marked as "acceptable but not optimal", and further analyze: if the compliance term dominates, perform a sensitivity analysis on the structure of the iron accessory to determine the material of the part that has the greatest impact on compliance. For the key elements determined in the sensitivity analysis, perform material reduction processing on them; if the mass term dominates, use lightweight materials to replace the original materials and reduce the weight coefficient of the mass term; if the stress term dominates, increase the material thickness of the stress concentration area or use fiber-reinforced composite materials. Locate the high-stress area through finite element analysis and redistribute the materials to form a more reasonable load transfer path; if the temperature term dominates, embed high-thermal-conductivity materials in the high-temperature area, design a micro-channel water cooling system, remove heat through the circulation of the coolant, and spray a high-reflectivity coating on the surface; When the comprehensive optimization index of the iron accessory structure is less than the second threshold, it indicates that the iron accessory structure reaches an optimal balance among stiffness, mass, stress, and temperature constraints. The mass of the iron accessory structure is minimized and there is still a safety margin under extreme temperatures and loads. Output the final optimization plan; Generating an optimal material distribution plan according to the structure data after topology optimization; Adjusting the optimal material distribution plan according to the environmental data; The specific steps for adjusting the optimal material distribution plan are as follows: Identifying the hot spot area and the cold embrittlement area, calculating the temperature gradient, and locating the area with rapid temperature change; Calculate the critical wind speed according to the wind speed and determine the wind pressure distribution on the windward side; Locally increase the material density in the hot spot area and add solid materials in the cold embrittlement area; Coat an alloy coating in the humidity area; Install a magnetorheological damper at the vibration-sensitive part to generate a bionic flow deflector structure; The specific formula for calculating the temperature gradient is as follows: Among them, is the adjusted unit density; is the initial unit density; is the temperature sensitivity coefficient; is the current temperature; is the safety temperature threshold.

2. A lightweight optimization system for electric power iron accessories, based on any one of the lightweight optimization methods for electric power iron accessories described in claim 1, characterized in that: Including, A data collection module for collecting the environmental data and initial structure data of the iron accessories and performing preprocessing; A model construction module for constructing a topology optimization model and performing topology optimization on the structure of the iron accessories; A scheme generation module for generating an optimal material distribution scheme according to the structure data after topology optimization; A scheme adjustment module for adjusting the optimal material distribution scheme.

3. A computer device, comprising a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program, characterized in that: When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of any one of the methods for optimizing the lightweight of power iron accessories according to claim 1.

4. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the steps of any one of the methods for optimizing the lightweight of power iron accessories according to claim 1.

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