Novel low-profile broadband electromagnetic dipole antenna

Abstract

The invention provides a novel low-profile and broadband electromagnetic dipole antenna. The main body part of the antenna comprises an electromagnetic dipole antenna with a laminated and resonant ring structure, the antenna is composed of a metal plate and a dielectric plate with a laminated structure, a pair of symmetrical metal patches, a pair of resonant ring structures and an improved inverted L-shaped feeder line structure, the two vertically short-circuited patches are used as equivalent magnetic dipoles. According to the structure of the antenna, the height of the antenna can be effectively reduced by folding the vertical magnetic dipole. According to the antenna, a traditional inverted L-shaped feed structure is improved, double magnetic dipoles are formed, and double electric dipoles are formed by etching a groove in the top of an electric dipole patch. Therefore, through combination of the double magnetic dipole elements and the double electric dipole elements, the electromagnetic dipole antenna with double complementary sources is realized. Experimental results show that the improved design of the traditional inverted L-shaped feed structure achieves a good effect and maintains the advantage of large bandwidth. The working frequency band of the antenna ranges from 4.20 GHz to 7.10 GHz, the relative bandwidth of the antenna is 52%, the gain of the antenna ranges from 7.9 dBi to 9.2 dBi, and the half-power beam width of the antenna ranges from 110 degrees to 135 degrees. The antenna has the advantages of being good in broadband characteristic, simple in structure, small and exquisite in appearance, low in cost, excellent in performance and the like, and has great application value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of antennas, and in particular relates to a novel low-profile broadband electromagnetic dipole antenna. Background Art

[0002] Antennas are indispensable functional devices in the field of wireless communications. Their main function is to complete the mutual conversion between guided waves and free space waves to achieve the exchange of information.

[0003] With the rapid development of science and technology, the requirements for transmission rate and communication capacity in current communication systems are getting higher and higher, which requires antennas to have broadband performance.

[0004] At the same time, beam width is an important indicator to measure the radiation performance of the antenna. In the field of microwave wireless energy transmission and wireless communication, the antenna is required to be able to receive or transmit signals in a wider direction, which requires the antenna to have a wide beam characteristic.

[0005] In view of the specific demands for antennas in the fields of communication systems and microwave wireless energy transmission, the present invention aims to propose a wide-beam broadband antenna based on a resonant ring and a stacked structure. Summary of the invention

[0006] Aiming at the specific needs of communication systems and microwave wireless energy transmission fields for antennas, the purpose of the present invention is to propose a wide-beam broadband antenna based on a resonant ring and a stacked structure. The antenna achieves the broadband characteristics of the antenna by adopting a stacked structure and a dual electromagnetic dipole antenna structure, the wide-beam characteristics of the antenna by adopting a resonant ring, and the low-profile characteristics of the electromagnetic dipole antenna by adopting an improved Γ-shaped feeding structure.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0008] A low-profile electromagnetic dipole antenna based on a resonant ring and a stacked structure is composed of a stacked structure and a double electromagnetic dipole antenna, a folded magnetic dipole structure, a Γ-shaped feeder structure, and a resonant ring. The electromagnetic dipole antenna of the stacked and resonant ring structure consists of two layers, and the two horizontal patches of the upper microstrip antenna are electric dipole antennas, two vertical short-circuited rectangles are used as equivalent magnetic dipoles, and an aluminum plate is used as a bottom plate in the lower layer, and air is used to fill the space between the two layers of dielectrics.

[0009] Furthermore, the inner conductor and the outer conductor of the SMA connector pass through the lower dielectric aluminum plate, the inner conductor is connected to the middle improved Γ-shaped feeder structure, and the flange is connected to the lower dielectric aluminum plate.

[0010] Furthermore, the resonant rings are four square double-ring inverse open resonant rings arranged in a regular pattern. These resonant rings are printed on a dielectric substrate and then installed on the top of the upper dielectric plate.

[0011] The beneficial effects of the above solution adopted by the present invention are:

[0012] The present invention effectively increases the working bandwidth of the antenna by adopting stacking, reduces the cross-section of the antenna by adopting an improved Γ-shaped feeder structure, and effectively increases the beam width of the antenna in the working frequency band by adopting a loaded resonant ring; and has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, wide bandwidth, etc. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 It is a front view of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0014] FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of a microstrip antenna and a resonant ring in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 3 is a feeding structure diagram in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 4 is the antenna reflection coefficient in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 5 3 are the radiation patterns of the antenna in the embodiment of the present invention at frequencies of 4.3 GHz, 5.3 GHz, 5.8 GHz, 6.3 GHz and 7 GHz respectively.

[0018] In the figure: 1. resonant ring, 2. dual electromagnetic dipole antenna structure, 3. SMA connector, 4. dual electric dipole structure, 5. folded magnetic dipole structure, 6. feeding structure, 7. feeding point. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The present invention is further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0020] In order to clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following is described by specific examples. The embodiments of the present invention, those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification.

[0021] A low-profile electromagnetic dipole antenna based on a resonant ring and a stacked structure includes a stacked structure, a low-profile electromagnetic dipole antenna, and a resonant ring. The stacked structure and the low-profile electromagnetic dipole antenna are installed at the bottom of an upper dielectric plate, and four resonant rings with a double-ring reverse opening structure are installed on the top of the structure.

[0022] In order to ensure the accuracy and convenience of the implementation of the plan, the center of the bottom of the aluminum plate is taken as the origin of the rectangular coordinate system, the offset direction along the penetrating magnetic dipole antenna is taken as the X-axis, the direction along the magnetic dipole antenna and perpendicular to the X-axis is selected as the Y-axis, the center of the Γ-shaped feeder structure is the Z-axis and the upward direction is the positive direction. Table 1 Double electromagnetic dipole structural parameters

[0023] Furthermore, the stacked and structured microstrip antenna has a total of 2 layers, and the dielectric constant of the substrate used in the upper layer is 2.2, the thickness is 0.632mm, and the width is 115mm. The radiation patch is printed on the top of the upper substrate, and a double electric dipole structure is used to groove the copper clad on the top of the upper substrate. Two symmetrical rectangular grooves with a width of 33.64mm and a length of 9mm are opened at a distance of 19.89mm from the center along the X-axis to form a double electric dipole structure. The lower substrate uses an aluminum plate as the bottom plate of the stacked and double electromagnetic dipole structure antenna, and is installed below 6.79mm from the upper substrate. The folded magnetic dipole antenna is composed of a rectangular copper plate attached to the four sides of the bottom plate, the thickness of the copper plate is 0.8mm, the short side rectangle is 42.81mm long and 4.97mm high, and the long side rectangle is 115mm long and 4.97mm high. The feeding point is 6.6mm along the X-axis direction. The final stacked structure and structural parameters of the dual electromagnetic dipole antenna are shown in Table 1.

[0024] Furthermore, the feeder structure is composed of a Γ-shaped feeder structure at the inner center of the stacked structure. By improving the traditional Γ-shaped feeder structure, the central feeder structure is pressed and shunted. The widths of the trunk line and the shunt line are 4.7 mm and 3.84 mm respectively, and the thickness is 0.69 mm. The shunt line forms two current paths, excites two magnetic dipoles in the space between the vertical part and the ground to form a double magnetic dipole, and forms a double electric dipole by etching a groove on the top of the electric dipole patch. The parameters of the feeder structure finally determined are shown in Table 1. Table 2 Feed structure parameters

[0025] Furthermore, after the SMA connector passes through the aluminum plate, the flange is connected to the bottom plate, and then after the inner conductor and the outer conductor pass through the lower dielectric aluminum plate, the inner conductor is directly connected to the improved Γ-shaped feeder structure in the middle.

[0026] Furthermore, the resonant ring is printed on the upper part of a rectangular dielectric substrate with a thickness of 0.632 mm and a width of 115 mm, and the dielectric constant of the substrate is 2.2. The resonant ring is a double-ring reverse opening structure, the width of the inner ring is 10.83 mm, the ring width is 1.45 mm, and the opening width is 1.45 mm; the radius of the outer ring is 16.65 mm, the ring width is 1.45 mm, and the opening width is 1.45 mm. The coordinates of the four resonant rings (A, B, C, D) on the dielectric plate are A (-39.5 mm, -39.5 mm), B (39.5 mm, -39.5 mm), C (39.5 mm, 39.5 mm), and D (-39.5 mm, 39.5 mm), wherein the outer ring openings of the resonant rings A and B face the negative direction of the Y axis, and the outer ring openings of C and D face the positive direction of the Y axis. The structural parameters of the resonant rings finally determined are shown in Table 3. Table 3 Resonant ring structure parameters

[0026] Furthermore, Figure 4 The reflection coefficient of the antenna is given. It can be seen from the figure that the operating frequency of the antenna is 4.20GHz~7.10GHz, and its relative bandwidth is 52%.

[0027] Furthermore, Figure 5 The radiation patterns of the antenna are given at frequencies of 4.3 GHz, 5.3 GHz, 5.8 GHz, 6.3 GHz, and 7 GHz. It can be seen from the figure that the gain of the antenna within the operating frequency range is 7.9 dBi to 9.2 dBi, and the half-power beamwidth is 110° to 135°, which is relatively stable within the operating frequency range.

[0028] Brief working principle of the present invention:

[0029] In order to achieve the low profile and wide-band performance of the antenna, an improved Γ-shaped feeding structure is adopted to form a dual electromagnetic dipole antenna structure, which effectively improves the working bandwidth of the antenna and reduces the height of the antenna. After that, by loading a double-ring reverse-open resonant ring, the working bandwidth and half-power beam width of the antenna are further improved.

Claims

1. A low-profile electromagnetic dipole antenna based on a resonant ring structure and a stacked structure, characterized in that: The main body of the antenna includes a stacked structure and a dual electromagnetic dipole structure (4), a resonant ring (1), a folded magnetic dipole (5), and a Γ-shaped feeding structure (6). The dual electric dipole structure (2) is an improvement on the Γ-shaped feeding structure (6) and is formed by slotting the electric dipole. The dual magnetic dipole structure is a shunt improvement on the Γ-shaped feeding structure (6) to form a dual magnetic dipole. The dual electric dipole structure (4) is located on the top surface of the upper dielectric plate. The resonant ring (1) is located on the top surface of the upper dielectric plate.

2. A low-profile electromagnetic dipole antenna based on a resonant ring and a stacked structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Γ-shaped feeding structure (6) is press-fitted and shunted by pressing the central feeding structure, and the widths of the main line and the shunt line are 4.7 mm and 3.84 mm respectively, and the thickness is 0.69 mm. The shunt line forms two current paths, excites two magnetic dipoles in the space between the vertical part and the ground, forming a double magnetic dipole, and forms a double electric dipole by etching a groove on the top of the electric dipole patch.

3. A low-profile electromagnetic dipole antenna based on a resonant ring and a stacked structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The folded magnetic dipole antenna (5) is composed of a rectangular copper plate attached to the bottom plate. The copper plate is 0.8 mm thick, wherein the short side rectangle is 42.81 mm long and 4.97 mm high, and the long side rectangle is 115 mm long and 4.97 mm high.

4. A low-profile electromagnetic dipole antenna based on a resonant ring and a stacked structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stacked structure and the dual electromagnetic dipole antenna (4) are composed of two layers, the side lengths of the upper and lower layers are both 115 mm, and the distance between the two layers is 6.97 mm.

5. A low-profile electromagnetic dipole antenna based on a resonant ring and a stacked structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dielectric constant of the upper dielectric substrate of the stacked structure and the dual electromagnetic dipole antenna (4) is 2.2, the thickness is 0.632mm, and the radiation patch thereon is a dual electric dipole antenna structure. The dual electric dipole antenna structure is 106mm long, 43.5mm wide, 9mm wide, and the distance between the electric dipoles is 10.06mm, wherein the rectangle divided into the dual electric dipole structure is 33.64mm long and 9mm wide. The dual magnetic dipole antenna structure is 115mm long, 4mm wide, and 6.77mm high.

6. A low-profile electromagnetic dipole antenna based on a resonant ring and a stacked structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the lower dielectric substrate of the stacked structure and the dual electromagnetic dipole antenna (4) is aluminum, with a thickness of 0.632 mm.

7. A low-profile electromagnetic dipole antenna based on a resonant ring and a stacked structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The resonant ring (1) is printed on the bottom surface of a dielectric substrate with a dielectric constant of 2.2, a width of 115 mm, and a thickness of 0.632 mm. The resonant ring (1) is a double-ring reverse opening structure, with the side length of the inner ring being 10.83 mm, the ring width being 1.455 mm, and the opening width being 1.455 mm; the side length of the outer ring being 16.65 mm, the ring width being 1.455 mm, and the opening width being 1.455 mm.

8. The low-profile electromagnetic dipole antenna based on a resonant ring and a stacked structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are four dual-ring reverse open structure resonant rings, which are distributed in the middle of the double dipole antenna, at the four vertices of a rectangle with side lengths of 16.65 mm and 13 mm respectively. The openings of the outer rings of the four reverse open structure resonant rings are perpendicular to the long sides of the rectangle and toward the edge of the dielectric substrate.

9. A low-profile electromagnetic dipole antenna based on a resonant ring and a stacked structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antenna operates in the frequency band of 4.20 GHz to 7.10 GHz.

10. The low-profile electromagnetic dipole antenna based on a resonant ring and a stacked structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The beam width of the antenna within the working frequency band is 110°~135° and is relatively stable within the working frequency band.

11. A low-profile electromagnetic dipole antenna based on a resonant ring and a stacked structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gain of the antenna within the working frequency band is 7.9dBi to 9.2dBi.

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