A method and apparatus for recovering reflected microwave energy

Abstract

The application discloses a microwave energy reflection recovery method and device, and relates to the technical field of microwave energy recovery.The device is used for replacing a traditional water load in a high-power microwave system to recover reflected microwave energy.The microwave energy utilization system comprises a circulator, a microwave source connected with a first port of the circulator, and a load device connected with a second port of the circulator.The recovery device comprises a multi-path power distributor connected at a third port of the circulator and a plurality of dynamic rectifier circuits.The multi-path power distributor comprises a plurality of output ports, the number of the output ports is the same as that of the dynamic rectifier circuits, and the output ports are matched one by one.The application converts the reflected microwave energy into direct current energy for storage or use by other devices.The device is composed of the multi-path power distributor and the plurality of rectifier circuits, can effectively collect the reflected microwave energy in a wide dynamic range, and improves the energy utilization efficiency.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of microwave energy recovery technology, and more particularly to the field of a reflected microwave energy recovery method and device. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the rapid development of science and technology, microwave energy has been widely used in many important fields and has an irreplaceable role. For example, in the aspect of microwave heating, it has the characteristics of high efficiency and uniform heating and is widely used in food processing and industrial material preparation; in the aspect of microwave plasma, it is used for semiconductor etching and material surface modification; in the aspect of microwave medical treatment, it can precisely attack tumors through ablation technology and can also sterilize medical equipment; in the field of communication, microwave is used to realize satellite communication and information transmission between base stations, and to realize global information interaction.

[0003] However, in the process of using microwave, the load impedance may change greatly, for example, the dielectric constant of the load changes due to temperature rise. Therefore, in order to prevent the microwave source from being damaged by high-power reflection caused by impedance mismatch in the traditional microwave system, a water load is generally used to absorb the reflected microwave energy. However, these reflected energies are all absorbed by water and converted into heat, which is not effectively utilized, thereby causing energy waste. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application aims at solving the technical problem that the reflected microwave energy is not effectively utilized in the prior art microwave system using a water load to absorb the reflected microwave energy, thereby causing energy waste. The present application provides a reflected microwave energy recovery method and device. The device is used to replace the water load and convert the reflected microwave energy into direct current energy for storage or use by other devices. The device is composed of a multi-path power divider and a plurality of rectifier circuits, and can effectively collect the reflected microwave energy in a wide dynamic range.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application specifically adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] One aspect of the present application provides a reflected microwave energy recovery device for a microwave energy utilization system, the microwave energy utilization system comprising a circulator, a microwave source connected to a first port of the circulator, and a load device connected to a second port of the circulator, the recovery device comprising a multi-path power divider connected at a third port of the circulator and a plurality of dynamic rectifier circuits, the multi-path power divider comprising a plurality of output ports, the number of the output ports being the same as the number of the dynamic rectifier circuits and being one-to-one matched.

[0007] Specifically, in order to replace the water load and improve the utilization rate of energy, a recovery device of the use scheme is used, and the dynamic range of the recovery device depends on the number of port outputs of the power divider and the dynamic range capability of the rectifier circuit.

[0008] The circulator is a multi-port device with the characteristic of unidirectional transmission of high-frequency signal energy, usually having three ports, signals can be transmitted from the first port to the second port, from the second port to the third port, and finally from the third port back to the first port, and vice versa. The circulator plays an isolating role between the output of the high-frequency power amplifier and the load, protecting the high-power microwave source from the influence of load changes.

[0009] The power divider is a device that divides the energy of an input signal into two or more equal or unequal output energies, or combines multiple signal energies into one output. The power divider is a passive power divider, and waveguide power dividers or microstrip power dividers are used according to the power size.

[0010] In one embodiment, the dynamic rectifier circuit is a wide-power rectifier circuit structure, which includes an input part, a microwave rectifier part, and a direct-current output part.

[0011] The microwave rectifier part includes two parallel rectifier branches, which are a first rectifier branch and a second rectifier branch, respectively. The first rectifier branch is used for rectification, and the second rectifier branch is used for compensating the dynamic impedance of the second rectifier branch to improve the matching performance of the circuit. The first rectifier branch and the second rectifier branch are connected to the main transmission line between the output end of the microwave input part and the input end of the direct-current output part.

[0012] Specifically, the designed wide-power rectifier circuit structure is as shown in Figure 2 The wide-power rectifier circuit structure has two parallel rectifier branches, of which the first rectifier branch plays a key rectification role in the entire power range, and the second rectifier branch is mainly used for compensating the dynamic impedance of the second rectifier branch to improve the matching performance of the circuit. In addition, by connecting the two branches in parallel, the power capacity of the circuit can be improved, and the applicable range of the circuit at high power can be widened to a certain extent.

[0013] The design purpose of the wide-power rectifier circuit structure is that the impedance of the load device may change dynamically during the absorption of microwaves, so the reflected microwave energy cannot be determined, which may be high-power energy or low-power energy. In order to ensure that the entire recovery device has good stability in a wide power range, a wide-power rectifier circuit structure suitable for high power is designed.

[0014] In one embodiment, the first rectification branch includes a high-power rectifier diode D1 grounded through a ground transmission line TL3;

[0015] The second rectification branch includes a high-power rectifier diode D2 grounded through a ground transmission line TL4, and the first rectification branch and the second rectification branch are connected in parallel;

[0016] The ground transmission lines TL3 and TL4 are used to compensate for the imaginary part of the diode and can suppress even harmonics; TL5 is a series transmission line used for impedance transformation, and the length and width thereof are adjusted so that the impedance of the second rectification branch can compensate for the impedance of the first rectification branch.

[0017] Specifically, TL3 and TL4 are both ground transmission lines, which can be equivalent to an inductor and are mainly used to compensate for the imaginary part of the diode and also have the function of suppressing even harmonics. TL5 is a series transmission line used for impedance transformation, and the length and width thereof are adjusted so that the impedance of the second rectification branch can compensate for the impedance of the first rectification branch, and the real part and the imaginary part of the overall impedance after the two branches are connected in parallel can be more stable in a wide power range, so as to achieve good impedance matching effect in a wide dynamic range.

[0018] In one embodiment, the input part performs direct-current isolation processing on the received microwave energy signal through a direct-current isolation capacitor C1 to prevent the direct-current signal after rectification from flowing back into the microwave source, and an impedance matching network is arranged on the input part.

[0019] In one embodiment, the impedance matching network includes a series transmission line TL1 and a parallel transmission line TL2, the series transmission line TL1 is connected in series between the input part and the direct-current isolation capacitor C1, and the parallel transmission line TL2 is connected in parallel between the direct-current isolation capacitor C1 and the series transmission line TL1, and the series transmission line TL1 and the parallel transmission line TL2 form an L-shaped network for impedance matching.

[0020] In one embodiment, the direct-current output part includes a series transmission line TL6 and a load, one end of the series transmission line TL6 is connected to the output end of the microwave rectification part, the other end is connected to the load, and the other end of the load is grounded.

[0021] In one embodiment, a filter capacitor C2 is further included, the filter capacitor C2 is connected in parallel to the load, the filter capacitor C2 is grounded at the end, and the series transmission line TL6 and the filter capacitor C2 together form a pass-through filter circuit, the output end of the filter rectification part is connected through the filter capacitor C2, and the direct-current energy is output after filtering of the fundamental wave.

[0022] Specifically, the series transmission line TL6 and the filter capacitor C2 together form a pass-through filter circuit, so that the load RL A stable output voltage can be obtained. L The resistance of the load resistor R

[0023] In one embodiment, the high-power rectifier diodes D1 and D1 are both high-power rectifier diodes of the HSMS270C type.

[0024] A second aspect of the present application provides a method for recovering reflected microwave energy using the above-described device for reflecting microwave energy, comprising the following steps:

[0025] S1, connecting a multi-path power divider to the third port of the circulator to evenly divide the reflected microwave energy into several parts for output;

[0026] S2, then connecting a rectifier circuit to each output port of the power divider to convert the microwave energy into direct current energy to power the load or store it, and the overall system device is as shown in Figure 1 ;

[0027] S3, the number of output ports of the power divider is determined by the peak value of the reflected power, and the greater the reflected power, the more the number of output ports should be, so as to ensure that the rectifier circuit can work normally.

[0028] The beneficial effects of the present application are as follows:

[0029] 1. The present application converts the reflected microwave energy into direct current energy for storage or use by other devices. The device is composed of a multi-path power divider and multiple rectifier circuits, which can effectively absorb reflected high-power microwaves.

[0030] 2. The device replaces the traditional water load device, avoiding the conversion of all reflected microwave energy into heat, thereby improving the utilization rate of energy.

[0031] 3. In the wide power rectifier circuit structure, TL3 and TL4 are both ground transmission lines, which can be equivalent to an inductor, mainly used for compensating the imaginary part of the diode, and also has the function of suppressing even harmonics. TL5 is a section of series transmission line, used for impedance transformation, adjusting its length and width to make the impedance of the second rectifier branch compensate for the impedance of the first rectifier branch, so that the real part and the imaginary part of the overall impedance after parallel connection of the two branches can be more stable in a wide power range, so as to realize good impedance matching effect in a wide dynamic range.

[0032] 4. The proposed rectifier circuit is applicable to a higher power range compared to other rectifier circuits, and can be combined with a multi-path power divider to realize energy collection of microwaves at high power. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0033] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced as follows. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some of the embodiments of the present application, and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can also be obtained without creative labor.

[0034] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the present application.

[0035] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a wide dynamic rectifier circuit.

[0036] Figure 3 is a layout of a wide dynamic rectifier circuit.

[0037] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of simulation results of efficiency of the layout of the wide dynamic rectifier circuit varying with input power.

[0038] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of simulation results of S11 of the layout of the wide dynamic rectifier circuit varying with input power. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and technical effects of the present application more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely in combination with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, but not all the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application described and shown in the drawings can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0040] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed present application, but only represents selected embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments in the present application without creative labor are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0041] It should be noted that: similar reference numbers and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0042] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "inside", "outside", "upper", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or are the orientations or positional relationships in which the inventive product is usually placed when in use. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limitations on the present invention.

[0043] Example 1

[0044] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a device for reflecting microwave energy, which is used in a microwave energy utilization system. The microwave energy utilization system includes a circulator, a microwave source connected to the first port of the circulator, and a load device connected to the second port of the circulator. The recovery device includes a multi-way power divider connected to the third port of the circulator and multiple dynamic rectification circuits. The multi-way power divider includes several output ports, the number of the output ports is the same as the number of the dynamic rectification circuits, and they are matched one to one.

[0045] Specifically, in order to replace the water load and improve the utilization rate of energy, a recovery device of the scheme is used, and the dynamic range of the recovery device depends on the number of port outputs of the power divider and the dynamic range capability of the rectifier circuit.

[0046] A circulator is a multi-port device that transmits high-frequency signal energy in one direction. It typically has three ports. Signals can be transmitted from the first port to the second, then from the second port to the third, and finally from the third port back to the first port. The reverse direction is isolated. A circulator isolates the output of a high-frequency power amplifier from the load, protecting the amplifier from load fluctuations.

[0047] A power divider is a device that divides one input signal energy into two or more outputs of equal or unequal energy. It can also combine the energy of multiple signals into one output, in which case it is also called a combiner.

[0048] Example 2

[0049] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a device for reflecting microwave energy, which is used in a microwave energy utilization system. The microwave energy utilization system includes a circulator, a microwave source connected to the first port of the circulator, and a load device connected to the second port of the circulator. The recovery device includes a multi-way power divider connected to the third port of the circulator and multiple dynamic rectification circuits. The multi-way power divider includes several output ports, the number of the output ports is the same as the number of the dynamic rectification circuits, and they are matched one to one.

[0050] The dynamic rectifier circuit is a wide power rectifier circuit structure, which comprises an input part, a microwave rectifier part and a direct current output part.

[0051] The microwave rectifier part comprises two parallel rectifier branches, which are a first rectifier branch and a second rectifier branch respectively, the first rectifier branch is used for rectification, and the second rectifier branch is used for compensating the dynamic impedance of the second rectifier branch to improve the matching performance of the circuit, and the first rectifier branch and the second rectifier branch are connected to the main transmission line between the output end of the microwave input part and the input end of the direct current output part.

[0052] Specifically, the designed wide power rectifier circuit structure is as shown in Figure 2 The wide power rectifier circuit structure has two parallel rectifier branches, wherein the first rectifier branch plays a key rectification role in the entire power range, and the second rectifier branch is mainly used for compensating the dynamic impedance of the second rectifier branch to improve the matching performance of the circuit. In addition, the power capacity of the circuit can also be improved by connecting the two branches in parallel, which can expand the application range of the circuit at high power to a certain extent.

[0053] The design purpose of the wide power rectifier circuit structure is that the reflected microwave energy cannot be determined due to the change of the load impedance, which may be high-power energy or low-power energy; in order to ensure that the entire recovery device has good stability in a wide power range, a wide power rectifier circuit structure suitable for high power is designed.

[0054] Embodiment 3

[0055] This embodiment is further optimized on the basis of embodiment 2, specifically:

[0056] The first rectifier branch comprises a high-power rectifier diode D1, and the high-power rectifier diode D1 is grounded through a grounding transmission line TL3;

[0057] The second rectifier branch comprises a high-power rectifier diode D2, and the high-power rectifier diode D2 is grounded through a grounding transmission line TL4, and the first rectifier branch and the second rectifier branch are connected in parallel.

[0058] The grounding transmission line TL3 and the grounding transmission line TL4 are used for compensating the imaginary part of the diode and can suppress even harmonics; TL5 is a section of series transmission line, which is used for impedance transformation, and the length and width thereof are adjusted so that the impedance of the second rectifier branch can compensate the impedance of the first rectifier branch.

[0059] Specifically, TL3 and TL4 are both grounded transmission lines, which can be equivalent to an inductor, mainly used for compensating the imaginary part of the diode, and also has the effect of suppressing even harmonics. TL5 is a section of series transmission line, used for impedance transformation, adjusting its length and width to make the impedance of the second rectification branch compensate the impedance of the first rectification branch, so that the real part and the imaginary part of the overall impedance after the two branches are connected in parallel can be more stable in a wide power range, so as to achieve good impedance matching effect in a wide dynamic range.

[0060] Embodiment 4

[0061] This embodiment is further optimized on the basis of embodiment 3, specifically:

[0062] The input part processes the received microwave energy signal through the DC blocking capacitor C1 to prevent the DC signal after rectification from flowing back into the microwave source, and an impedance matching network is provided on the input part.

[0063] The impedance matching network includes a series transmission line TL1 and a parallel transmission line TL2, the series transmission line TL1 is connected in series between the input part and the DC blocking capacitor C1, and the parallel transmission line TL2 is connected in parallel between the DC blocking capacitor C1 and the series transmission line TL1, the series transmission line TL1 and the parallel transmission line TL2 form an L-shaped network for impedance matching.

[0064] The DC output part includes a series transmission line TL6 and a load, one end of the series transmission line TL6 is connected to the output end of the microwave rectification part, the other end is connected to the load, and the other end of the load is grounded.

[0065] It also includes a filter capacitor C2, which is connected in parallel with the load, and the filter capacitor C2 is grounded at the end, the series transmission line TL6 and the filter capacitor C2 together form a pass-through filter circuit, which connects the output end of the filter rectification part through the filter capacitor C2, and outputs the direct current energy after filtering the fundamental wave.

[0066] Specifically, the series transmission line TL6 and the filter capacitor C2 together form a pass-through filter circuit, so that the load RL can obtain a smooth output voltage. The resistance value of the load resistor RL is 110Ω.

[0067] Experimental results:

[0068] A Rogers 4003C board with a thickness of 0.813 mm is selected to design a wide power rectifier circuit structure that can work at a frequency of 2.45 GHz, and the designed layout is as shown in Figure 3 . Figure 4The simulation results of the rectifier circuit efficiency varying with input power show that the rectifier efficiency is greater than 60% in the input power range of 24-42 dBm, the rectifier efficiency is over 50% in the input power range of 19-43 dBm, and the highest efficiency reaches 78%, which indicates that the circuit has the ability of high-efficiency operation in a wide power range. Figure 5 The simulation results of the rectifier circuit efficiency varying with input power show that the rectifier efficiency is greater than 60% in the input power range of 24-42 dBm, the rectifier efficiency is over 50% in the input power range of 19-43 dBm, and the highest efficiency reaches 78%, which indicates that the circuit has the ability of high-efficiency operation in a wide power range. 11 The simulation results of the rectifier circuit efficiency varying with input power show that the rectifier efficiency is greater than 60% in the input power range of 24-42 dBm, the rectifier efficiency is over 50% in the input power range of 19-43 dBm, and the highest efficiency reaches 78%, which indicates that the circuit has the ability of high-efficiency operation in a wide power range. 11 The simulation results of the rectifier circuit efficiency varying with input power show that the rectifier efficiency is greater than 60% in the input power range of 24-42 dBm, the rectifier efficiency is over 50% in the input power range of 19-43 dBm, and the highest efficiency reaches 78%, which indicates that the circuit has the ability of high-efficiency operation in a wide power range.

[0069] Embodiment 5

[0070] The embodiment provides a method for recycling reflected microwave energy, using the device for recycling reflected microwave energy, and comprises the following steps:

[0071] S1, connecting a multi-path power divider to the third port of the circulator to evenly divide the reflected microwave energy into several parts and output;

[0072] S2, then connecting a rectifier circuit to each output port of the power divider to convert the microwave energy into direct current energy to supply power to a load or store, and the overall system device is as shown in Figure 1 .

[0073] S3, the number of output ports of the power divider is determined by the peak value of the reflected power, and the greater the reflected power, the more the number of output ports should be, so as to ensure that the rectifier circuit can normally work.

Claims

1. A device for reflecting microwave energy, used in a microwave energy utilization system, the microwave energy utilization system comprising a circulator, a microwave source connected to a first port of the circulator, and a load device connected to a second port of the circulator, characterized in that: The device for reflecting microwave energy includes a multi-way power distributor connected to the third port of the circulator and a plurality of dynamic rectification circuits, wherein the multi-way power distributor includes a plurality of output ports, the number of the output ports being the same as the number of the dynamic rectification circuits and being matched one to one; The multi-way power divider evenly distributes the reflected high-power microwave energy to multiple dynamic rectification circuits; The dynamic rectifier circuit is a wide power rectifier circuit structure, which includes an input part, a microwave rectifier part and a DC output part; The microwave rectifier section includes two rectifier branches connected in parallel, namely a first rectifier branch and a second rectifier branch. The first rectifier branch is used for rectification, and the second rectifier branch is used to compensate for the dynamic impedance of the second rectifier branch to improve the matching performance of the circuit. The first rectifier branch and the second rectifier branch are connected to the main transmission line between the output end of the microwave input section and the input end of the DC output section. The first rectifier branch includes a high-power rectifier diode D1, which is grounded via a ground transmission line TL3; The second rectifier branch includes a high-power rectifier diode D2, which is grounded via a ground transmission line TL4. The first rectifier branch and the second rectifier branch are connected in parallel. The grounded transmission lines TL3 and TL4 are used to compensate for the imaginary part of the diode and can suppress even harmonics; TL5 is a series transmission line used for impedance transformation. Its length and width are adjusted so that the impedance of the second rectifier branch can compensate for the impedance of the first rectifier branch.

2. The device for reflecting microwave energy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The input part performs DC isolation processing on the received microwave energy signal through the DC isolation capacitor C1 to prevent the rectified DC signal from flowing into or backflowing into the microwave source. An impedance matching network is provided on the input part.

3. The device for reflecting microwave energy according to claim 2, characterized in that: The impedance matching network includes a series transmission line TL1 and a parallel transmission line TL2. The series transmission line TL1 is connected in series with the input part and is located between the microwave source and the DC blocking capacitor C1. The parallel transmission line TL2 is connected in parallel between the DC blocking capacitor C1 and the series transmission line TL1. The series transmission line TL1 and the parallel transmission line TL2 form an L-type network for impedance matching.

4. The device for reflecting microwave energy according to claim 3, characterized in that: The DC output part includes a series transmission line TL6 and a load. One end of the series transmission line TL6 is connected to the output end of the microwave rectification part, and the other end is connected to the load. The other end of the load is grounded.

5. The device for reflecting microwave energy according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes a filter capacitor C2, which is connected in parallel with the load, and the end of the filter capacitor C2 is grounded. The series transmission line TL6 and the filter capacitor C2 together form a through filter circuit, which is connected to the output end of the filter and rectifier part through the filter capacitor C2, and outputs DC energy after filtering out the fundamental wave.

6. The device for reflecting microwave energy according to claim 5, characterized in that: The high-power rectifier diode D1 and the high-power rectifier diode D2 are both high-power rectifier diodes with model HSMS270C.

7. A method for recovering reflected microwave energy, characterized in that: Use the device for reflecting microwave energy as claimed in claim 1.

8. The method for recovering reflected microwave energy according to claim 7, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. Connect a multi-way power splitter to the third port of the circulator to evenly divide the reflected microwave energy into several outputs; S2. Then, a rectifier circuit is connected to each output port of the power divider to convert microwave energy into DC energy to power the load or store it; S3. The number of output ports of the power divider is determined by the peak value of the reflected power. The greater the reflected power, the more output ports should be provided to ensure that the rectifier circuit can work normally.

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