Group level beam fault detection reference signal activation

Abstract

Aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communications. In some aspects, a user equipment (UE) may receive, from a network node, a configuration of a plurality of sets of beam fault detection reference signals (BFD-RSs) for a group of cells. The UE may receive, from the network node, a cell group BFD-RS activated medium access control (MAC) control element (MAC-CE) that activates one or more BFD-RSs for one or more cells in the set of cells in the plurality of BFD-RS sets. Numerous other aspects are provided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] Aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communication and, more specifically, to techniques and apparatus for group-level beam failure detection (BFD) reference signal (BFD-RS) activation. Background Art

[0002] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide various telecommunication services such as telephony, video, data, messaging, and broadcasting. A typical wireless communication system may employ a multiple access technology capable of supporting communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (e.g., bandwidth or transmit power). Examples of such multiple access technologies include code division multiple access (CDMA) systems, time division multiple access (TDMA) systems, frequency division multiple access (FDMA) systems, orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) systems, single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) systems, time division synchronous code division multiple access (TD-SCDMA) systems, and long term evolution (LTE). LTE / LTE-Advanced is an enhanced set of the universal mobile telecommunications system (UMTS) mobile standards promulgated by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP).

[0003] The above multiple access technologies have been adopted in various telecommunication standards to provide a common protocol that enables different UEs to communicate at the urban, national, regional, or global level. New radio (NR) (which may be referred to as 5G) is an enhanced set of the LTE mobile standards promulgated by the 3GPP. NR is designed to better support mobile broadband internet access by using orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) with cyclic prefix (CP) (CP-OFDM) on the downlink, CP-OFDM or single carrier frequency division multiplexing (SC-FDM) (also referred to as discrete Fourier transform spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM)) on the uplink, and supporting beamforming, multiple input multiple output (MIMO) antenna technology, and carrier aggregation to improve spectral efficiency, reduce costs, improve services, utilize new spectrums, and better integrate with other open standards. With the continuous increase in the demand for mobile broadband access, further improvements to LTE, NR, and other radio access technologies remain useful.

[0004] Beam failure detection (BFD) is a process by which a user equipment (UE) evaluates the radio link quality on a serving cell by performing measurements on a BFD reference signal (BFD-RS). In some examples, the BFD-RS for a serving cell may be activated for the UE through communication sent by a network node to the UE. In cases where the UE operates with multiple serving cells, activation of the BFD-RS on each serving cell requires separate communication, which may result in redundant signaling overhead. Such redundant signaling overhead leads to inefficient consumption of network resources, especially when the number of serving cells for the UE is large, which results in increased traffic latency in the network. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0005] Some aspects described herein relate to a user equipment (UE) for wireless communication. The UE may include at least one processor and at least one memory communicatively coupled to the at least one processor, the at least one memory storing processor-readable code. The processor-readable code, when executed by the at least one processor, may be configured to cause the user equipment to receive, from a network node, a configuration of a plurality of beam failure detection reference signal (BFD-RS) sets for a set of cells. The processor-readable code, when executed by the at least one processor, may be configured to cause the user equipment to receive, from a network node, a cell group BFD-RS activation medium access control (MAC) control element (MAC-CE) that activates one or more BFD-RSs among the plurality of BFD-RS sets for one or more cells in a set of cells.

[0006] Some aspects described herein relate to a network node for wireless communication. The network node may include at least one processor and at least one memory communicatively coupled to the at least one processor, the at least one memory storing processor-readable code. The processor-readable code, when executed by the at least one processor, may be configured to cause the network node to send, to a UE, a configuration of a plurality of BFD-RS sets for a set of cells. The processor-readable code, when executed by the at least one processor, may be configured to cause the network node to send, to a UE, a cell group BFD-RS activation MAC-CE that activates one or more BFD-RSs among the plurality of BFD-RS sets for one or more cells in a set of cells.

[0007] Some aspects described herein relate to a method of wireless communication performed by a UE. The method may include receiving, from a network node, a configuration of a plurality of BFD-RS sets for a set of cells. The method may include receiving, from a network node, a cell group BFD-RS activation MAC-CE that activates one or more BFD-RSs among the plurality of BFD-RS sets for one or more cells in a set of cells.

[0008] Some aspects described herein relate to a method of wireless communication performed by a network node. The method may include sending, to a UE, a configuration of a plurality of BFD-RS sets for a set of cells. The method may include sending, to a UE, a cell group BFD-RS activation MAC-CE that activates one or more BFD-RSs among the plurality of BFD-RS sets for one or more cells in a set of cells.

[0009] Some aspects described herein relate to a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing an instruction set for wireless communication by a UE. The instruction set, when executed by one or more processors of the UE, may cause the UE to receive, from a network node, a configuration of a plurality of BFD-RS sets for a set of cells. The instruction set, when executed by one or more processors of the UE, may cause the UE to receive, from the network node, a cell group BFD-RS activation MAC-CE that activates one or more BFD-RSs among the plurality of BFD-RS sets for one or more cells in a set of cells.

[0010] Some aspects described herein relate to a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing an instruction set for wireless communication by a network node. The instruction set, when executed by one or more processors of the network node, may cause the network node to send, to a UE, a configuration of a plurality of BFD-RS sets for a set of cells. The instruction set, when executed by one or more processors of the network node, may cause the network node to send, to the UE, a cell group BFD-RS activation MAC-CE that activates one or more BFD-RSs among the plurality of BFD-RS sets for one or more cells in a set of cells.

[0011] Some aspects described herein relate to an apparatus for wireless communication. The apparatus may include means for receiving, from a network node, a configuration of a plurality of BFD-RS sets for a set of cells. The apparatus may include means for receiving, from the network node, a cell group BFD-RS activation MAC-CE that activates one or more BFD-RSs among the plurality of BFD-RS sets for one or more cells in a set of cells.

[0012] Some aspects described herein relate to an apparatus for wireless communication. The apparatus may include means for sending, to a UE, a configuration of a plurality of BFD-RS sets for a set of cells. The apparatus may include means for sending, to the UE, a cell group BFD-RS activation MAC-CE that activates one or more BFD-RSs among the plurality of BFD-RS sets for one or more cells in a set of cells.

[0013] Aspects generally include methods, apparatuses, systems, computer program products, non-transitory computer-readable media, user equipment, base stations, network nodes, network entities, wireless communication devices, or processing systems as fully described with reference to the accompanying drawings and the specification and illustrated in the accompanying drawings and the specification.

[0014] The foregoing has outlined, rather broadly, the features and technical advantages of examples in accordance with the present disclosure so as to enable a better understanding of the detailed description that follows. Additional features and advantages will be described hereinafter. The disclosed concepts and specific examples may be readily utilized as a basis for modifying or designing other structures for carrying out the same purposes of the present disclosure. Such equivalent constructions do not depart from the scope of the appended claims. When considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the characteristics (both the organization and method of operation) of the concepts disclosed herein, as well as the associated advantages, will be better understood. Each of the drawings provided is for the purpose of illustration and description only and is not a definition of the limits of the claims. Description of the Drawings

[0015] To gain a more detailed understanding of the foregoing features of the present disclosure, a more specific description of the inventive concept briefly outlined above may be obtained by reference to the various aspects, some of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. It should be noted, however, that the drawings illustrate only some typical aspects of the present disclosure and should not be considered as limiting its scope, as the description may admit of other equally effective aspects. The same reference numerals in different drawings may identify the same or similar elements.

[0016] Figure 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless network in accordance with the present disclosure.

[0017] Figure 2 is a diagram illustrating an example network node that communicates with a user equipment (UE) in a wireless network in accordance with the present disclosure.

[0018] Figure 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of a decomposed base station architecture in accordance with the present disclosure.

[0019] Figure 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of beam failure detection (BFD) and beam failure recovery (BFR) in accordance with the present disclosure.

[0020] Figure 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of BFD and BFR for a secondary cell (SCell) in accordance with the present disclosure.

[0021] Figure 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of a media access control (MAC) control element (MAC-CE) for beam failure detection reference signal (BFD-RS) activation for a component carrier (CC) in accordance with the present disclosure.

[0022] Figure 7 is a diagram illustrating an example associated with group-level BFD-RS activation in accordance with the present disclosure.

[0023] Figure 8Is a diagram illustrating an example associated with group-level BFD-RS activation according to the present disclosure.

[0024] Figure 9 Is a diagram illustrating an example cell group BFD-RS activation MAC-CE according to the present disclosure.

[0025] Figure 10 Is a diagram illustrating an example cell group BFD-RS activation MAC-CE according to the present disclosure.

[0026] Figure 11 Is a flowchart illustrating an example process for supporting group-level BFD-RS activation, such as performed by a UE, according to the present disclosure.

[0027] Figure 12 Is a flowchart illustrating an example process for supporting group-level BFD-RS activation, such as performed by a network node, according to the present disclosure.

[0028] Figure 13 Is a diagram of an example apparatus for wireless communication for supporting group-level BFD-RS activation according to the present disclosure.

[0029] Figure 14 Is a diagram of an example apparatus for wireless communication for supporting group-level BFD-RS activation according to the present disclosure. Detailed Description

[0030] Aspects of the present disclosure are more fully described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present disclosure may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to any specific structure or function presented throughout this disclosure. Rather, these aspects are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the scope of the present disclosure is intended to cover any aspect of the present disclosure disclosed herein, whether implemented independently of or in combination with any other aspect of the present disclosure. For example, an apparatus may be implemented or a method practiced using any amount of the aspects set forth herein. Additionally, the scope of the present disclosure is intended to cover such apparatus or methods implemented using other structures, functions, or a combination of structures and functions in addition to or different from the aspects of the present disclosure set forth herein. Any aspect of the present disclosure disclosed herein may be embodied by one or more elements of a claim.

[0031] Aspects of a telecommunications system will now be presented with reference to various apparatuses and techniques. These apparatuses and techniques will be described in the following detailed description and illustrated in the drawings by various blocks, modules, components, circuits, steps, processes, or algorithms (collectively referred to as "elements"). These elements can be implemented using hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software. Whether these elements are implemented as hardware or software depends on the particular application and the design constraints imposed on the overall system.

[0032] Aspects generally relate to group-level beam failure detection (BFD) reference signal (BFD-RS) activation for a set of cells serving a user equipment (UE). Some aspects more particularly relate to a cell group BFD-RS activation medium access control (MAC) control element (MAC-CE) indicating activation of BFD-RS for a set of cells serving a UE. In some aspects, the UE may receive a configuration of a set of BFD-RS for a set of cells from a network node, and the UE may receive a cell group BFD-RS activation MAC-CE from the network node activating one or more BFD-RS in the set of BFD-RS for one or more cells in the set of cells. In some aspects, for each cell in a set of cells, the cell group BFD-RS activation MAC-CE may indicate whether at least one BFD-RS is activated for that cell. In some aspects, for each cell for which at least one BFD-RS is activated, the cell group BFD-RS activation MAC-CE may further indicate one or more BFD-RS activated for that cell.

[0033] Certain aspects of the subject matter described in this disclosure can be implemented to realize one or more of the following potential advantages. In some examples, the techniques described can be used to reduce signaling overhead for activating BFD-RS in multiple cells serving a UE. Accordingly, the efficiency of network resources allocated for BFD-RS activation can be improved, resulting in reduced network traffic latency. Additionally, UE power consumption can be reduced by the UE receiving and decoding a single MAC-CE activating BFD-RS for a set of cells as compared to the UE receiving and decoding separate MAC-CEs for each cell in a set of cells.

[0034] Figure 1FIG. is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless network according to the present disclosure. The wireless network 100 may be a 5G (e.g., NR) network or a 4G (e.g., Long Term Evolution (LTE)) network, or may include elements of a 5G (e.g., NR) network or elements of a 4G (e.g., Long Term Evolution (LTE)) network, and so on. The wireless network 100 may include one or more network nodes 110 (shown as network node (NN) 110a, network node 110b, network node 110c, and network node 110d), one UE 120 or multiple UEs 120 (shown as UE 120a, UE 120b, UE 120c, UE 120d, and UE 120e), and / or other network entities. The network node 110 is an entity that communicates with the UE 120. As shown, the network node 110 may include one or more network nodes. For example, the network node 110 may be an aggregated network node, which means that the aggregated network node is configured to utilize a radio protocol stack physically or logically integrated within a single RAN node (e.g., within a single device or unit). As another example, the network node 110 may be a disaggregated network node (sometimes referred to as a disaggregated base station), which means that the network node 110 is configured to utilize a protocol stack physically or logically distributed between two or more nodes, such as one or more central units (CUs), one or more distributed units (DUs), or one or more radio units (RUs).

[0035] In some examples, the network node 110 is or includes a network node (such as an RU) that communicates with the UE 120 via a radio access link. In some examples, the network node 110 is or includes a network node (such as a DU) that communicates with other network nodes 110 via a fronthaul link or a midhaul link. In some examples, the network node 110 is or includes a network node (such as a CU) that communicates with other network nodes 110 via a midhaul link or communicates with a core network via a backhaul link. In some examples, the network node 110 (such as an aggregated network node 110 or a disaggregated network node 110) may include multiple network nodes, such as one or more RUs, one or more CUs, or one or more DUs. For example, the network node 110 may include an NR network node, an LTE network node, a Node B, an eNB (e.g., in 4G), a gNB (e.g., in 5G), an access point, a transmit receive point (TRP), a DU, an RU, a CU, a mobility element of the network, a core network node, a network element, network equipment, a RAN node, or a combination thereof. In some examples, the network nodes 110 may be interconnected with each other or with one or more other network nodes 110 in the wireless network 100 using any suitable transport network via various types of fronthaul interfaces, midhaul interfaces, or backhaul interfaces, such as a direct physical connection, an air interface, or a virtual network.

[0036] Each network node 110 can provide communication coverage for a specific geographical area. In the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), depending on the context in which the term is used, the term "cell" can refer to the coverage area of network node 110 or the network node subsystem serving that coverage area.

[0037] Network node 110 can provide communication coverage for a macro cell, a pico cell, a femto cell, or another type of cell. A macro cell can cover a relatively large geographical area (e.g., with a radius of several kilometers) and can allow unrestricted access by UEs 120 with a service subscription. A pico cell can cover a relatively small geographical area and can allow unrestricted access by UEs 120 with a service subscription. A femto cell can cover a relatively small geographical area (e.g., a residence) and can allow restricted access by UEs 120 associated with that femto cell (e.g., UEs 120 in a Closed Subscriber Group (CSG)). The network node 110 for a macro cell can be referred to as a macro network node. The network node 110 for a pico cell can be referred to as a pico network node. The network node 110 for a femto cell can be referred to as a femto network node or a home network node.

[0038] The wireless network 100 can be a heterogeneous network that includes different types of network nodes 110, such as macro network nodes, pico network nodes, femto network nodes, or relay network nodes. These different types of network nodes 110 can have different transmit power levels, different coverage areas, or different impacts on interference in the wireless network 100. For example, a macro network node can have a high transmit power level (e.g., 5 watts to 40 watts), while pico network nodes, femto network nodes, and relay network nodes can have lower transmit power levels (e.g., 0.1 watt to 2 watts). In Figure 1 the example shown, network node 110a can be a macro network node for macro cell 102a, network node 110b can be a pico network node for pico cell 102b, and network node 110c can be a femto network node for femto cell 102c. A network node can support one or more (e.g., three) cells. In some examples, a cell may not necessarily be stationary, and the geographical area of a cell can move according to the location of a moving network node 110 (e.g., a mobile network node).

[0039] In some aspects, the term "base station" or "network node" may refer to a centralized base station, a distributed base station, an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, a relay node, or one or more of its components. For example, in some aspects, the "base station" or "network node" may refer to a CU, a DU, an RU, a near real-time (near-RT) RAN intelligent controller (RIC), or a non-real-time (non-RT) RIC, or a combination thereof. In some aspects, the term "base station" or "network node" may refer to a single device configured to perform one or more functions, such as those described herein in connection with network node 110. In some aspects, the term "base station" or "network node" may refer to multiple devices configured to perform one or more functions. For example, in some distributed systems, each of a number of different devices (which may be located in the same geographical location or different geographical locations) may be configured to perform at least a portion of a function, or to repeat at least a portion of the performance of the function, and the term "base station" or "network node" may refer to any one or more of these different devices. In some aspects, the term "base station" or "network node" may refer to one or more virtual base stations or one or more virtual base station functions. For example, in some aspects, two or more base station functions may be instantiated on a single device. In some aspects, the term "base station" or "network node" may refer to one base station function among base station functions and not another. In this way, a single device may include more than one base station.

[0040] The network controller 130 may be coupled to or communicate with a collection of network nodes 110 and may provide coordination and control for these network nodes 110. The network controller 130 may communicate with the network nodes 110 via a backhaul communication link. The network nodes 110 may also communicate directly with each other, or indirectly via a wireless backhaul communication link or a wired backhaul communication link. In some aspects, the network controller 130 may be a CU or a core network device, or the network controller 130 may include a CU or a core network device.

[0041] In some examples, a cell may not necessarily be stationary, and the geographical area of the cell may move according to the location of a moving network node 110 (e.g., a mobile network node). In some examples, the network nodes 110 may be interconnected with each other or to one or more other network nodes 110 or network nodes (not shown) in the wireless network 100 using any suitable transport network via various types of backhaul interfaces, such as a direct physical connection or a virtual network.

[0042] The wireless network 100 may include one or more relay stations. A relay station is an entity that can receive a data transmission from an upstream station (e.g., network node 110 or UE 120) and forward the data transmission to a downstream station (e.g., UE 120 or network node 110). A relay station can be a UE 120 capable of relaying transmissions for other UEs 120. In Figure 1 the example shown, network node 110d (e.g., a relay network node) can communicate with network node 110a (e.g., a macro network node) and UE 120d to facilitate communication between network node 110a and UE 120d. A network node 110 that relays communication can be referred to as a relay station, a relay network node, or a relay.

[0043] UEs 120 can be distributed throughout the wireless network 100, and each UE 120 can be stationary or mobile. A UE 120 can include, for example, an access terminal, a terminal, a mobile station, or a subscriber unit. A UE 120 can be a cellular phone (e.g., a smart phone), a personal digital assistant (PDA), a wireless modem, a wireless communication device, a handheld device, a laptop computer, a cordless phone, a wireless local loop (WLL) station, a tablet device, a camera, a gaming device, a netbook, a smartbook, a superbook, a medical device, a biometric device, a wearable device (e.g., a smart watch, smart clothing, smart glasses, a smart wristband, smart jewelry (e.g., a smart ring or a smart bracelet)), an entertainment device (e.g., a music device, a video device, or a satellite radio), a vehicle component or sensor, a smart meter / sensor, industrial manufacturing equipment, a global positioning system device, a UE function of a network node, or any other suitable device configured to communicate via a wireless medium.

[0044] Some UEs 120 can be considered machine type communication (MTC) or evolved or enhanced machine type communication (eMTC) UEs. An MTC UE or an eMTC UE can include, for example, robots, drones, remote devices, sensors, meters, monitors, or location tags, which can communicate with network nodes, another device (e.g., a remote device), or some other entity. Some UEs 120 can be considered Internet of Things (IoT) devices, or can be implemented as narrowband IoT (NB-IoT) devices. Some UEs 120 can be considered customer premise equipment. A UE 120 can be included inside a housing that houses components of the UE 120, such as a processor component or a memory component. In some examples, the processor component and the memory component can be coupled together. For example, the processor component (e.g., one or more processors) and the memory component (e.g., a memory) can be operably coupled, communicatively coupled, electronically coupled, or electrically coupled.

[0045] Generally, any amount of wireless network 100 can be deployed in a given geographical area. Each wireless network 100 can support a specific RAT and can operate on one or more frequencies. The RAT can also be referred to as radio technology or air interface. The frequency can also be referred to as a carrier or frequency channel. Each frequency in a given geographical area can support a single RAT to avoid interference between wireless networks of different RATs. In some cases, an NR or 5G RAT network can be deployed.

[0046] In some examples, two or more UEs 120 (e.g., shown as UE 120a and UE 120e) can communicate directly using one or more sidelink channels (e.g., without using network node 110 as an intermediary for communicating with each other). For example, UE 120 can communicate using peer-to-peer (P2P) communication, device-to-device (D2D) communication, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) protocols (e.g., which can include vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) protocol, vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) protocol, or vehicle-to-pedestrian (V2P) protocol), or a mesh network. In such examples, UE 120 can perform scheduling operations, resource selection operations, or other operations described elsewhere in this document as being performed by network node 110.

[0047] Devices of wireless network 100 can communicate using the electromagnetic spectrum, which can be subdivided into various categories, bands, or channels by frequency or wavelength. For example, devices of wireless network 100 can communicate using one or more operating bands. In 5G NR, two initial operating bands have been identified as frequency range designations FR1 (410 MHz – 7.125 GHz) and FR2 (24.25 GHz – 52.6 GHz). Although a part of FR1 is greater than 6 GHz, in various documents and articles, FR1 is generally (interchangeably) referred to as the "sub-6 GHz" band. Similar naming issues sometimes occur in connection with FR2. Although different from the extremely high frequency (EHF) band (30 GHz – 300 GHz) identified by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) as the "millimeter wave" band, FR2 is generally (interchangeably) referred to as the "millimeter wave" band in various documents and articles.

[0048] The frequency between FR1 and FR2 is generally referred to as the mid-band frequency. Recent 5G NR research has identified the operating bands for these mid-band frequencies as frequency range designations FR3 (7.125 GHz – 24.25 GHz). Bands falling within FR3 can inherit FR1 characteristics or FR2 characteristics, and thus the features of FR1 or FR2 can be effectively extended to the mid-band frequencies. Additionally, higher frequency bands are currently being explored to extend 5G NR operation beyond 52.6 GHz. For example, three higher operating bands have been identified as frequency range designations FR4a or FR4-1 (52.6 GHz – 71 GHz), FR4 (52.6 GHz – 114.25 GHz), and FR5 (114.25 GHz – 300 GHz). Each of these higher frequency bands falls within the EHF band.

[0049] Considering the above examples, unless otherwise specifically stated, if the term "below 6 GHz" is used herein, it can broadly represent frequencies that can be less than 6 GHz, can be within FR1, or can include mid-band frequencies. Additionally, unless otherwise specifically stated, if the term "millimeter wave" is used herein, it can broadly represent frequencies that can include mid-band frequencies, can be within FR2, FR4, FR4-a or FR4-1 or FR5, or can be within the EHF band. It is conceivable that the frequencies included in these operating bands (e.g., FR1, FR2, FR3, FR4, FR4-a, FR4-1, or FR5) can be modified, and the techniques described herein apply to those modified frequency ranges.

[0050] In some aspects, UE 120 may include a communication manager 140. As described in more detail elsewhere herein, the communication manager 140 may receive, from a network node, a configuration of a plurality of BFD-RS sets for a set of cells; and receive, from the network node, a cell group BFD-RS activation MAC-CE that activates one or more BFD-RS within the plurality of BFD-RS sets for one or more cells within the set of cells. Additionally or alternatively, the communication manager 140 may perform one or more other operations described herein.

[0051] In some aspects, network node 110 may include a communication manager 150. As described in more detail elsewhere herein, the communication manager 150 may send, to the UE, a configuration of a plurality of BFD-RS sets for a set of cells; and send, to the UE, a cell group BFD-RS activation MAC-CE that activates one or more BFD-RS within the plurality of BFD-RS sets for one or more cells within the set of cells. Additionally or alternatively, the communication manager 150 may perform one or more other operations described herein.

[0052] Figure 2is a diagram illustrating an example network node that communicates with a UE in a wireless network. The network node may correspond to the Figure 1 network node 110. Similarly, the UE may correspond to the Figure 1 UE 120. The network node 110 may be equipped with a set of antennas 234a to 234t, such as T antennas (T≥1). The UE 120 may be equipped with a set of antennas 252a to 252r, such as R antennas (R≥1). Figure 2 The network node 110 depicted in Figure 2 includes one or more radio frequency components, such as antenna 234 and modem 254. In some examples, the network node 110 may include an interface, a communication component, or another component that facilitates communication with the UE 120 or another network node. Some network nodes 110 may not include radio frequency components that facilitate direct communication with the UE 120, such as one or more CUs or one or more DUs.

[0053] At network node 110, transmit processor 220 may receive data destined for UE 120 (or a set of UEs 120) from data source 212. Transmit processor 220 may select one or more modulation and coding schemes (MCSs) for UE 120 based at least in part on one or more channel quality indicators (CQIs) received from UE 120. Network node 110 may process (e.g., encode and modulate) data for UE 120 based at least in part on the MCS selected for UE 120 and may provide data symbols for UE 120. Transmit processor 220 may process system information (e.g., for semi-static resource partitioning information (SRPI)) and control information (e.g., CQI requests, grants, or upper layer signaling) and may provide overhead symbols and control symbols. Transmit processor 220 may generate reference symbols for reference signals (e.g., cell-specific reference signal (CRS) or demodulation reference signal (DMRS)) and synchronization signals (e.g., primary synchronization signal (PSS) or secondary synchronization signal (SSS)). Transmit (TX) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) processor 230 may perform spatial processing (e.g., precoding) on data symbols, control symbols, overhead symbols, or reference symbols, if applicable, and may provide a set of output symbol streams (e.g., T output symbol streams) to a corresponding set of modems 232 (e.g., T modems) (shown as modems 232a through 232t). For example, each output symbol stream may be provided to a modulator component (shown as MOD) of modem 232. Each modem 232 may process the corresponding output symbol stream (e.g., for OFDM) using the corresponding modulator component to obtain an output sample stream. Each modem 232 may also process (e.g., convert to analog, amplify, filter, or up-convert) the output sample stream using the corresponding modulator component to obtain a downlink signal. Modems 232a through 232t may transmit a set of downlink signals (e.g., T downlink signals) via a corresponding set of antennas 234 (e.g., T antennas) (shown as antennas 234a through 234t).

[0054] At the UE 120, a set of antennas 252 (shown as antennas 252a through 252r) may receive downlink signals from the network node 110 or other network nodes 110, and may provide a set of received signals (e.g., R received signals) to a set of modems 254 (e.g., R modems) (shown as modems 254a through 254r). For example, each received signal may be provided to a demodulator component (shown as DEMOD) of the modem 254. Each modem 254 may condition (e.g., filter, amplify, down-convert, or digitize) the received signal using the corresponding demodulator component to obtain input samples. Each modem 254 may further process the input samples (e.g., for OFDM) using the demodulator component to obtain received symbols. The MIMO detector 256 may obtain the received symbols from the modems 254, may perform MIMO detection on the received symbols when applicable, and may provide the detected symbols. The receive processor 258 may process (e.g., demodulate and decode) the detected symbols, may provide the decoded data of the UE 120 to the data sink 260, and may provide the decoded control information and system information to the controller / processor 280. The term "controller / processor" may refer to one or more controllers, one or more processors, or a combination thereof. The channel processor may determine reference signal received power (RSRP) parameters, received signal strength indicator (RSSI) parameters, reference signal received quality (RSRQ) parameters, or CQI parameters, etc. In some examples, one or more components of the UE 120 may be included in the housing 284.

[0055] The network controller 130 may include a communication unit 294, a controller / processor 290, and a memory 292. The network controller 130 may include, for example, one or more devices in the core network. The network controller 130 may communicate with the network node 110 via the communication unit 294.

[0056] One or more antennas (e.g., antennas 234a through 234t or antennas 252a through 252r) may include or may be included within one or more of the following: one or more antenna panels, one or more antenna groups, one or more sets of antenna elements, or one or more antenna arrays, etc. The antenna panel, antenna group, set of antenna elements, or antenna array may include one or more antenna elements (within a single housing or multiple housings), a coplanar set of antenna elements, a non-coplanar set of antenna elements, or one or more antenna elements coupled to one or more transmit or receive components (such as Figure 2 one or more components) of

[0057] On the uplink, at the UE 120, a transmit processor 264 may receive and process data from a data source 262 and control information from a controller / processor 280 (e.g., for reports including RSRP, RSSI, RSRQ, or CQI). The transmit processor 264 may generate reference symbols for one or more reference signals. Symbols from the transmit processor 264 may be precoded by a TX MIMO processor 266, if applicable, further processed by a modem 254 (e.g., for DFT-s-OFDM or CP-OFDM), and transmitted to the network node 110. In some examples, the modem 254 of the UE 120 may include a modulator and a demodulator. In some examples, the UE 120 includes a transceiver. The transceiver may include any combination of an antenna 252, a modem 254, an MIMO detector 256, a receive processor 258, a transmit processor 264, or a TX MIMO processor 266. The transceiver may be used by a processor (e.g., a controller / processor 280) and a memory 282 to perform aspects of any of the methods described herein.

[0058] At the network node 110, an uplink signal from the UE 120 or another UE may be received by an antenna 234, processed by a modem 232 (e.g., a demodulator component of the modem 232, shown as DEMOD), detected by an MIMO detector 236, if applicable, and further processed by a receive processor 238 to obtain decoded data and control information transmitted via the UE 120. The receive processor 238 may provide the decoded data to a data sink 239 and the decoded control information to a controller / processor 240. The network node 110 may include a communication unit 244 and may communicate with a network controller 130 via the communication unit 244. The network node 110 may include a scheduler 246 to schedule one or more UEs 120 for downlink or uplink communication. In some examples, the modem 232 of the network node 110 may include a modulator and a demodulator. In some examples, the network node 110 includes a transceiver. The transceiver may include any combination of an antenna 234, a modem 232, an MIMO detector 236, a receive processor 238, a transmit processor 220, or a TX MIMO processor 230. The transceiver may be used by a processor (e.g., a controller / processor 240) and a memory 242 to perform aspects of any of the methods described herein.

[0059] The controller / processor 240 of the network node 110, the controller / processor 280 of the UE 120, or Figure 2Any other component of may perform one or more techniques associated with group-level BFD-RS activation, as described in more detail elsewhere herein. For example, the controller / processor 240 of network node 110, the controller / processor 280 of UE 120, or Figure 2 Any other component of may perform or direct, for example Figure 11 process 1100 of Figure 12 process 1200 of or other processes as described herein. Memory 242 and memory 282 may store data and program code for network node 110 and UE 120, respectively. In some examples, memory 242 or memory 282 may include a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing one or more instructions (e.g., code or program code) for wireless communication. For example, when the one or more instructions are executed (e.g., directly, or after compilation, transformation, or interpretation) by one or more processors of network node 110 or UE 120, the one or more processors, UE 120, or network node 110 may perform or direct, for example Figure 11 process 1100 of Figure 12 process 1200 of or other processes as described herein. In some examples, executing the instructions may include running the instructions, transforming the instructions, compiling the instructions, or interpreting the instructions, and so on.

[0060] In some aspects, a UE (e.g., UE 120) includes: means for receiving, from a network node, a configuration of a plurality of BFD-RS sets for a set of cells; and means for receiving, from the network node, a cell-group BFD-RS activation MAC-CE for activating one or more BFD-RSs of the plurality of BFD-RSs for one or more cells in a set of cells. The means for the UE to perform the operations described herein may include, for example, one or more of the following: communication manager 140, antenna 252, modem 254, MIMO detector 256, receive processor 258, transmit processor 264, TX MIMO processor 266, controller / processor 280, or memory 282.

[0061] In some aspects, a network node (e.g., network node 110) includes: components for sending to a UE a configuration of multiple BFD-RS sets for a set of cells; and / or components for sending to the UE a cell group BFD-RS activation MAC-CE for activating one or more BFD-RSs among the multiple BFD-RSs for one or more cells in a set of cells. In some aspects, the components for a network node to perform the operations described herein may include, for example, one or more of the following: communication manager 150, transmit processor 220, TX MIMO processor 230, modem 232, antenna 234, MIMO detector 236, receive processor 238, controller / processor 240, memory 242, or scheduler 246.

[0062] The deployment of a communication system (such as a 5G NR system) can be arranged with various components or constituent parts in a variety of ways. In a 5G NR system or network, network nodes, network entities, mobility elements of the network, RAN nodes, core network nodes, network elements, base stations, or network equipment can be implemented in an aggregated or disaggregated architecture. For example, a base station (such as a Node B (NB), evolved NB (eNB), NR BS, 5G NB, access point (AP), TRP, or cell, etc.) or one or more units (or one or more components) performing base station functionality can be implemented as an aggregated base station (also referred to as a stand-alone base station or monolithic base station) or a disaggregated base station. A "network entity" or "network node" may refer to a disaggregated base station or one or more units of a disaggregated base station (such as one or more CUs, one or more DUs, one or more RUs, or a combination thereof).

[0063] An aggregated base station (e.g., an aggregated network node) can be configured to utilize a radio protocol stack that is physically or logically integrated within a single RAN node (e.g., within a single device or unit). A disaggregated base station (e.g., a disaggregated network node) can be configured to utilize a protocol stack that is physically or logically distributed among two or more units (such as one or more CUs, one or more DUs, or one or more RUs). In some examples, a CU can be implemented within a network node, and one or more DUs can be co-located with the CU, or alternatively, can be geographically or virtually spread across one or more other network nodes. A DU can be implemented to communicate with one or more RUs. Each of the CU, DU, and RU can also be implemented as a virtual unit, such as a virtual central unit (VCU), a virtual distributed unit (VDU), or a virtual radio unit (VRU), etc.

[0064] Base station type operations or network design may consider the aggregation characteristics of base station functionality. For example, a split base station can be utilized in an IAB network, an open radio access network (O-RAN (such as a network configuration advocated by the O-RAN Alliance)), or a virtualized radio access network (vRAN, also known as a cloud radio access network (C-RAN)) to facilitate the scaling of a communication system by separating base station functionality into one or more units that can be deployed separately. A split base station may include functionality implemented across two or more units at various physical locations, as well as functionality virtualized for at least one unit, which can achieve flexibility in network design. Each unit of the split base station can be configured for wired or wireless communication with at least one other unit of the split base station.

[0065] Figure 3 FIG. Figure 3 is a diagram illustrating an example split base station architecture 300 according to the present disclosure. The split base station architecture 300 may include a CU 310, which may communicate directly with a core network 320 via a backhaul link, or indirectly with the core network 320 through one or more split control units (such as a near RT RIC 325 via an E2 link, or a non-RT RIC 315 associated with a service management and orchestration (SMO) framework 305, or both). The CU 310 may communicate with one or more DUs 330 via respective midhaul links, such as through an F1 interface. Each DU in the DUs 330 may communicate with one or more RUs 340 via a respective fronthaul link. Each RU in the RUs 340 may communicate with one or more UEs 120 via a respective radio frequency (RF) access link. In some specific implementations, a UE 120 may be served simultaneously by multiple RUs 340.

[0066] Each unit (including the CU 310, DU 330, RU 340) and the near RT RIC 325, non-RT RIC 315, and SMO framework 305 may include one or more interfaces or be coupled to the one or more interfaces, which are configured to receive or transmit signals, data, or information (collectively referred to as signals) via a wired or wireless transmission medium. Each unit in the units or an associated processor or controller that provides instructions to one or more communication interfaces of the respective unit may be configured to communicate with one or more units in other units via the transmission medium. In some examples, each unit in the units may include a wired interface and a wireless interface, the wired interface being configured to receive signals or transmit signals to one or more units in other units via a wired transmission medium, and the wireless interface may include a receiver, a transmitter, or a transceiver (such as an RF transceiver), configured to receive signals or transmit signals to one or more units in other units or perform both via a wireless transmission medium.

[0067] In some aspects, the CU 310 may host one or more higher layer control functions. Such control functions may include, for example, Radio Resource Control (RRC) functions, Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) functions, or Service Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP) functions, etc. Each control function may be implemented using an interface that is configured to communicate signals with other control functions hosted by the CU 310. The CU 310 may be configured to handle user plane functionality (e.g., Central Unit - User Plane (CU - UP) functionality), control plane functionality (e.g., Central Unit - Control Plane (CU - CP) functionality), or a combination thereof. In some specific implementations, the CU 310 may be logically divided into one or more CU - UP units and one or more CU - CP units. When implemented in an O - RAN configuration, the CU - UP units may communicate bidirectionally with the CU - CP units via an interface such as the E1 interface. As needed, the CU 310 may be implemented to communicate with the DU 330 for network control and signaling.

[0068] Each DU 330 may correspond to a logical unit that includes one or more base station functions for controlling the operation of one or more RUs 340. In some aspects, the DU 330 may host at least part of the Radio Link Control (RLC) layer, the MAC layer, and one or more of the higher Physical (PHY) layers, at least in part according to a functional split (such as the functional split defined by 3GPP). In some aspects, one or more of the higher PHY layers may be implemented by one or more modules for forward error correction (FEC) encoding and decoding, scrambling, and modulation and demodulation, etc. In some aspects, the DU 330 may also host one or more lower PHY layers, such as those implemented by one or more modules for fast Fourier transform (FFT), inverse FFT (iFFT), digital beamforming, or physical random access channel (PRACH) extraction and filtering, etc. Each layer (which may also be referred to as a module) may be implemented using an interface that is configured to communicate signals with other layers (and modules) hosted by the DU 330 or with control functions hosted by the CU 310.

[0069] Each RU 340 can implement lower layer functionality. In some deployments, the RU 340 controlled by the DU 330 can correspond to a logical node that hosts RF processing functions or low PHY layer functions (such as performing FFT, performing iFFT, digital beamforming, or PRACH extraction and filtering, etc.) based on function splitting (such as the function splitting defined by 3GPP), such as lower layer function splitting. In such an architecture, each RU 340 can be operated to handle over-the-air (OTA) communication with one or more UEs 120. In some embodiments, the real-time and non-real-time aspects of the control plane communication and user plane communication with the RU 340 can be controlled by the corresponding DU 330. In some scenarios, this configuration can enable each DU 330 and CU 310 to be implemented in a cloud-based RAN architecture such as a vRAN architecture.

[0070] The SMO framework 305 can be configured to support the RAN deployment and orchestration of non-virtualized network elements and virtualized network elements. For non-virtualized network elements, the SMO framework 305 can be configured to support the deployment of dedicated physical resources for RAN coverage requirements, and these dedicated physical resources can be managed via an operation and maintenance interface (such as the O1 interface). For virtualized network elements, the SMO framework 305 can be configured to interact with a cloud computing platform (such as the Open Cloud (O-Cloud) platform 390) to perform network element lifecycle management (such as instantiating virtualized network elements) via a cloud computing platform interface (such as the O2 interface). Such virtualized network elements can include, but are not limited to, the CU 310, DU 330, RU 340, non-RT RIC 315, and near-RT RIC 325. In some embodiments, the SMO framework 305 can communicate with the hardware aspect of the 4G RAN (such as the Open eNB (O-eNB) 311) via the O1 interface. Additionally, in some embodiments, the SMO framework 305 can directly communicate with each RU in one or more RUs 340 via the corresponding O1 interface. The SMO framework 305 can also include a non-RT RIC 315 configured to support the functionality of the SMO framework 305.

[0071] The non-RT RIC 315 can be configured to include logic functions that implement non-real-time control and optimization of RAN elements and resources, artificial intelligence / machine learning (AI / ML) workflows including model training and updating, or policy-based guidance of applications / features in the near-RT RIC 325. The non-RT RIC 315 can be coupled to or communicate with the near-RT RIC 325 (such as via the A1 interface). The near-RT RIC 325 can be configured to include logic functions that enable near-real-time control and optimization of RAN elements and resources via an interface (such as via the E2 interface) through data collection and actions, the interface connecting one or more CU 310, one or more DU 330, or both, and the O-eNB to the near-RT RIC 325.

[0072] In some specific implementations, to generate an AI / ML model to be deployed in the near-RT RIC 325, the non-RT RIC 315 can receive parameters or external enrichment information from an external server. Such information can be utilized by the near-RT RIC 325 and can be received from non-network data sources or from network functions at the SMO framework 305 or at the non-RT RIC 315. In some examples, the non-RT RIC 315 or the near-RT RIC 325 can be configured to tune RAN behavior or performance. For example, the non-RT RIC 315 can monitor long-term trends and patterns of performance and employ an AI / ML model to perform corrective actions through the SMO framework 305 (such as reconfiguration via the O1 interface) or via the creation of RAN management policies (such as A1 interface policies).

[0073] Figure 4 is a diagram illustrating example 400 of BFD and beam failure recovery (BFR) according to the present disclosure. Example 400 shows BFD and BFR for a primary component carrier (CC) or a primary cell (PCell) configured for a UE. Carrier aggregation is a technique that enables two or more CCs (sometimes referred to as "carriers" or "cells") to be combined (e.g., combined into a single channel) for a UE to enhance data capacity. In carrier aggregation, a UE can be configured with a primary carrier or PCell and one or more secondary carriers or secondary cells (SCells). In some aspects, the PCell can carry control information for scheduling data communication on one or more SCells. In the case where carrier aggregation is configured for a UE, Figure 4 the BFD and BFR shown can be used for the PCell. In some examples, a UE can be served by multiple cell groups, including a master cell group (MCG) and one or more secondary cell groups (SCGs). In such examples, Figure 4 the BFD and BFR shown can also be used for the PCell of the MCG or the PCell of the SCG (which can be referred to as a PSCell).

[0074] As shown Figure 4 In the first operation 405, the UE may receive, e.g., on a PCell or PSCell, a BFD-RS sent by a network node. The UE may perform BFD at least in part based on measurements performed on the BFD-RS. The BFD-RS may include a channel state information (CSI) reference signal (CSI-RS) sent using a periodic CSI-RS resource configured via a parameter in an RRC message. In some examples, a BFD-RS set may be configured with up to two BFD-RSs associated with a single antenna port. In the case where a BFD-RS set is not configured by the network node, the set of reference signals indicated by the active transmission configuration indicator (TCI) state of a control resource set (CORESET) monitored by the UE may be used for BFD. In some examples, in the case where there are two reference signal indices for an active CORESET, the reference signal with quasi-co-location (QCL) parameters of type D may be used for BFD.

[0075] In the second operation 410, the UE may detect a beam failure at least in part based on the BFD-RS. The physical layer in the UE may evaluate the radio link quality by measuring the RSRP of the BFD-RS and comparing the RSRP measurement with a threshold (Qout). If the RSRP measurement is less than Qout, the physical (PHY) layer may provide a beam failure indication (e.g., a failure indication) to a higher layer (e.g., the MAC layer) of the UE, which may increment a beam failure indicator counter. The UE may detect a beam failure at least in part based on a threshold number of beam failure indications within a specific duration (e.g., a BFD timer).

[0076] In the third operation 415, at least in part based on detecting the beam failure, the UE may perform candidate beam detection to select candidate beams for BFR. The UE may perform candidate beam detection at least in part based on periodic CSI-RSs and / or synchronization signal blocks (SSBs) configured for multiple beam candidates. In some examples, CSI-RS / SSB resources may be configured for up to 16 beam candidates with corresponding random access preamble indices. When requested by a higher layer (e.g., the MAC layer), the PHY layer of the UE may detect a reference signal with an RSRP that meets a threshold (Qin) and provide the reference signal index to the higher layer.

[0077] In the fourth operation 420, the UE may then send a random access channel (RACH) BFR request to the network node. For example, the UE may initiate a contention-free RACH procedure based on a random access resource (e.g., a random access preamble index) associated with the selected reference signal index corresponding to the selected candidate beam.

[0078] In a fifth operation 425, the UE may receive a BFR response based at least in part on sending a RACH BFR request. The UE may monitor a set of physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) search spaces to detect PDCCH communications with a downlink control information (DCI) format having a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) scrambled by a cell radio network temporary identifier (C-RNTI) or an MCS cell radio network temporary identifier (MCS-C-RNTI), starting a certain number of time slots after sending the RACH request (e.g., starting from time slot n+4). In such examples, the UE monitors a random access response (e.g., a PDCCH communication), which is a BFR response. The search space for PDCCH monitoring may be identified by a recovery search space identifier (ID), and in some examples, the CORESET associated with the SSS provided by the recovery search space ID may not be used for any other SSS. For PDCCH monitoring in the SSS provided by the recovery search space ID and for corresponding physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) reception, the UE may use the same QCL parameters as those associated with the reference signal index selected during candidate beam selection (e.g., the QCL parameters associated with the selected candidate beam) until the UE receives an activation for a TCI state associated with another beam.

[0079] In the case where the UE receives a PDCCH communication with a CRC scrambled by a C-RNTI or an MCS-C-RNTI within a time window associated with a contention-free RACH procedure, the BFR may be complete for the UE. In such examples, after a certain number of symbols (e.g., 28 symbols) from the last symbol of the first PDCCH reception, in the search space where the UE monitors for a DCI format scrambled by a C-RNTI or an MCS-C-RNTI, the UE may use the same QCL parameters as those associated with the selected reference signal index for PDCCH monitoring in the CORESET with index 0.

[0080] In the case where the UE does not receive PDCCH communication with a CRC scrambled by a C-RNTI or an MCS-C-RNTI within a time window associated with a contention-free RACH procedure, the UE may initiate a contention-based RACH procedure to send a BFR request to a network node. Then, in response to the contention-based RACH request, the UE may monitor a search space for PDCCH communication with a CRC scrambled by a C-RNTI or an MCS-C-RNTI. In the case where the UE does not receive a BFR response within a time window associated with the contention-based RACH procedure, or in the case where a BFR timer started when a beam failure is detected expires before a BFR response is received, the UE may declare a radio link failure.

[0081] Figure 5 FIG. is an illustration of an example 500 for BFD and BFR for an SCell according to the present disclosure. As described above, an SCell is a secondary CC configured for a UE in carrier aggregation.

[0082] As Figure 5 shown, in a first operation 505, the UE may receive BFD-RS on the SCell. The UE may perform BFD at least in part based on measurements performed on the BFD-RS (e.g., RSRP measurements). In a second operation 510, the UE may detect a beam failure on the SCell at least in part based on measurements performed on the BFD-RS.

[0083] In a third operation 515, the UE may send a link recovery request (LRR) to a network node on the PCell or the PSCell. In some examples, the UE may send the LRR on an SCell (PUCCH-SCell) configured with a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH), where a PUCCH BFR has been configured. The LRR may be a scheduling request for an uplink grant for requesting a scheduled transmission of a BFR MAC-CE. For example, the LRR may be PUCCH communication using PUCCH format 0 or PUCCH format 1.

[0084] In a fourth operation 520, the network node may send an uplink grant to the UE on the PCell, the PSCell, or the PUCCH-SCell at least in part based on the LRR. For example, the uplink grant may be included in a DCI with a CRC scrambled by a C-RNTI or an MCS-C-RNTI. The uplink grant may schedule physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) resources on which the UE may send a BFR MAC-CE.

[0085] In a fifth operation 525, the UE may perform candidate beam detection to select candidate beams for BFR. The UE may be configured to receive a reference signal (or a set of reference signals) on each beam of a candidate beam list. In some examples, the UE may be configured with up to 64 reference signal resources (corresponding to 64 beams). The UE may receive the reference signal on different beams of a faulty SCell or on another component carrier in the same frequency band as the faulty SCell. In such examples, the UE does not perform a RACH procedure, and thus the reference signal resources configured for the candidate beams may not be associated with RACH resources. The UE may select a candidate beam for which the RSRP of the corresponding reference signal meets a threshold (Qin).

[0086] In a sixth operation 530, the UE may send a BFR MAC-CE to a network node. For example, the UE may use a PUSCH scheduled with a UL grant to send the BFR MAC-CE. Alternatively, in some examples, if the UE has a scheduled UL grant, the UE may send the BFR MAC-CE in the scheduled UL grant without sending an LRR or receiving a UL grant. The BFR MAC-CE may include an indication of the faulty SCell (e.g., the index of the SCell) and an indication of the selected candidate beam for the SCell. Since the BFR MAC-CE may be sent in the scheduled PUSCH resources, the BFR MAC-CE may be sent on any component carrier including the SCell.

[0087] In a seventh operation 535, the UE may receive a BFR response from a network node. In such examples, the BFR response may be a response to the BFR MAC-CE. The response to the BFR MAC-CE may be a UL grant for scheduling a new transmission (e.g., with a toggled new data indicator (NDI)) for the same hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) process as the PUSCH transmission carrying the BFR MAC-CE. In the case where a new beam (e.g., a selected beam candidate) is reported in the BFR MAC-CE, after a certain number of symbols (e.g., 28 symbols) from the end of the BFR response (e.g., the end of the PDCCH communication), all CORESET beams on the faulty SCell may be reset to the new beam. In the case where the faulty SCell is a PUCCH-SCell, the spatial relation information for the PUCCH may be configured for the new beam after a certain number of symbols (e.g., 28 symbols) from the end of the BFR response. In the case where no LRR is sent on the faulty SCell, after a certain number of symbols (e.g., 28 symbols) from the end of the BFR response, the PUCCH beams on the faulty SCell may be reset to the new beam.

[0088] Figure 6 It is a diagram showing Example 600 of a MAC-CE for BFD-RS activation for CC according to the present disclosure.

[0089] In some examples, the BFD-RS set configuration sent by a network node (e.g., via RRC signaling) to a UE can configure two BFD-RS sets (e.g., failureDetectionSet1 and failureDetectionSet2) for the UE for a CC. Each BFD-RS set can configure BFD-RS resources for multiple candidate BFD-RSs. For example, the maximum number of BFD-RSs per BFD-RS set (maxNrofBFDResourcePerSet) can be 64. In some examples, a MAC-CE can be used to indicate which BFD-RS resources from each BFD-RS set will be used by the UE to perform BFD. For example, the network node can send a MAC-CE to the UE, and the MAC-CE can activate one or two BFD-RSs out of the configured number of BFD-RSs in each BFD-RS set.

[0090] As Figure 6 shown, the MAC-CE indicates BFD-RS activation in per-CC, per-bandwidth part (BWP) granularity. The first octet (Oct 1) of the MAC-CE includes a BWPID field 602 indicating the BWP and a serving cell ID field 604 indicating the serving cell / CC. The MAC-CE includes four octets (Oct 2, Oct 3, Oct 4, and Oct 5), which include fields for indicating activation of up to two BFD-RSs for each configured BFD-RS set for the serving cell / CC. Oct 2 to Oct 5 each include a BFD-RS-ID field 606 (BFD-RS-ID 0 or BRD-RS-ID 1 ) and a set ID field 608. The set ID field 608 indicates one BFD-RS set configured for the CC in the BFD-RS set. For example, a value of 0 in the set ID field 608 can indicate the first BFD-RS set, and a value of 1 in the set ID field can indicate the second BFD-RS set. The BFD-RS-ID field 606 indicates one activated BFD-RS from the BFD-RS set indicated in the set ID field 608. In Oct 2 and Oct 4, the BFD-RS-ID 0 indicates the first activated BFD-RS from the BFD-RS set indicated in the corresponding set ID field 608 in the same octet. In Oct 3 and Oct 5, the BFD-RS-ID 1Indicates the second active BFD-RS of the BFD-RS set indicated in the corresponding set ID field 608 in the same octet. Oct 3 and Oct 5 each include a field (V) 610 indicating whether one or two BFD-RSs are activated for the corresponding BFD-RS set indicated in the set ID field 608. For example, a value of 1 in the V field 610 may indicate that two BFD-RSs are activated for the BFD-RS set indicated in the set ID field 608. That is, a value of 1 in the V field 610 in the octet may indicate that the BFD-RS (BFD-RS-ID 1 ) indicated in the BFD-RS-ID field 606 in the octet is activated. A value of 0 in the V field 610 may indicate that one BFD-RS is activated for the BFD-RS set indicated in the set ID field 608. That is, a value of 0 in the V field 610 in the octet may indicate that the UE may ignore the information included in the BFD-RS-ID field 606 (BFD-RS-ID 1 ) in the octet. In Figure 6 , "R" represents the inversion bit in the octet

[0091] In some examples, the MAC-CE may indicate all active BFD-RSs of two BFD-RS sets for a serving cell / CC, and when the UE receives a new MAC-CE, the MAC-CE may deactivate all previously active BFD-RSs for the serving cell / CC. In some examples, in the case where the UE cannot support MAC-CE-based BFD-RS activation, the BFD-RS set configuration may not configure more than two BFD-RSs for each BFD-RS set for the UE.

[0092] As described above, the MAC-CE can be used to activate BFD-RS for the CC / cell of the UE. However, if the UE operates with multiple CCs, such as in the case where the UE is served by a cell group including one PCell and multiple SCells (e.g., MCG or SCG), separate MAC-CEs are sent to the UE for BFD-RS activation on each CC / cell. Therefore, multiple MAC-CEs are required to activate BFD-RS on multiple cells serving the UE, which may result in redundant signaling overhead. Such redundant signaling overhead leads to inefficient consumption of network resources, especially when the number of serving cells of the UE is large, which results in increased traffic latency in the network.

[0093] Various aspects generally relate to group-level BFD-RS activation for a set of cells serving a UE. Some aspects more specifically relate to a cell group BFD-RS activation MAC-CE indicating activation of BFD-RS for a set of cells serving a UE. In some aspects, a UE may receive a configuration of a set of BFD-RS for a set of cells from a network node, and the UE may receive a cell group BFD-RS activation MAC-CE from the network node activating one or more BFD-RS in the set of BFD-RS for one or more cells in the set of cells. In some aspects, for each cell in a set of cells, the cell group BFD-RS activation MAC-CE may indicate whether at least one BFD-RS is activated for the cell. In some aspects, for each cell for which at least one BFD-RS is activated, the cell group BFD-RS activation MAC-CE may also indicate one or more BFD-RS activated for the cell.

[0094] Certain aspects of the subject matter described in this disclosure may be implemented to realize one or more of the following potential advantages. In some examples, the techniques described may be used to reduce signaling overhead for activating BFD-RS in multiple cells serving a UE. Accordingly, the efficiency of network resources allocated for BFD-RS activation may be improved, resulting in reduced network traffic latency. Additionally, compared to a UE receiving and decoding separate MAC-CEs for each cell in a set of cells, the UE power consumption may be reduced by the UE receiving and decoding a single MAC-CE activating BFD-RS for a set of cells.

[0095] Figure 7 is a diagram illustrating example 700 associated with group-level BFD-RS activation according to the present disclosure. As Figure 7 shown, example 700 includes a UE 120 served by a plurality of cell groups including MCG 705 and SCG 710. The UE 120 may communicate with one or more network nodes via the MCG705 and SCG 710. For example, the MCG 705 may be implemented by one or more network nodes (e.g., one or more CUs, DUs, or RUs), and the SCG 710 may be implemented by one or more network nodes (e.g., one or more CUs, DUs, or RUs).

[0096] The MCG 705 may include a plurality of cells 715, including a PCell 715a and one or more SCell715b. The SCG710 may include a plurality of cells 720, including a PSCell 720a and one or more SCell 720b. The PCell 715a and the PSCell 720a may also be referred to as special cells (SpCell). The SpCell may refer to the primary cell of any cell group. As Figure 7As shown, the common PDCP layer can be shared across the MCG 705 and the SCG 710, the RLC layer and the MAC layer can be maintained and operated separately for the MCG 705 and the SCG 710, and the PHY layer can be maintained and operated separately for the cell 715 of the MCG 705 and the cell 720 of the SCG 710.

[0097] In some aspects, each cell 715 in the MCG 705 and each cell 720 in the SCG 710 can be associated with several BFD-RS sets. For example, the cell 715 or 720 can be associated with two BFD-RS sets. In such examples, for each cell 715 or 720, the BFD-RS set configuration for the UE 120 can indicate the two configured BFD-RS sets associated with the cell 715 or 720. In some aspects, each BFD-RS set can include several BFD-RS. For example, each BFD-RS set can include up to N BFD-RS. In one example, N = 64. The BFD-RS set configuration can indicate the configuration of the BFD-RS resources (e.g., time resources and frequency resources) for the BFD-RS included in each BFD-RS set. In some examples, the UE 120 can receive the BFD-RS configuration from a network node via an RRC message.

[0098] In some aspects, a network node can send a cell group BFD-RS activation MAC-CE to the UE 120. The cell group BFD-RS activation MAC-CE is a MAC-CE that indicates the activation of BFD-RS for a cell group. For example, a network node can send a cell group BFD-RS activation MAC-CE to the UE 120 that indicates the activation of BFD-RS for a cell group such as the MCG 705 or the SCG 710. For each cell in a group of cells, the cell group BFD-RS activation MAC-CE can indicate whether any BFD-RS is activated for that cell. For each cell for which the MAC-CE indicates that any BFD-RS is activated, the cell group BFD-RS activation MAC-CE can also indicate one or more BFD-RS for that cell. For example, for each cell for which the MAC-CE indicates that any BFD-RS is activated, the cell group BFD-RS activation MAC-CE can indicate one or more activated BFD-RS in each of the BFD-RS sets associated with that cell.

[0099] Figure 8 is a diagram illustrating an example 800 associated with group-level BFD-RS activation according to the present disclosure. As Figure 8As shown, Example 800 includes communication between network node 110 and UE 120. In some aspects, network node 110 and UE 120 may be included in a wireless network (such as wireless network 100). Network node 110 and UE 120 may communicate via a wireless access link, which may include an uplink and a downlink).

[0100] In some aspects, network node 110 may include multiple network nodes, as described in connection with Figure 1 and Figure 3 described. For example, multiple network nodes may perform the actions described herein as being performed by network node 110 according to a functional split (described in connection with Figure 3 described). As just one example, configuration actions (e.g., RRC signaling or F1 signaling) may be performed by the CU of network node 110, scheduling actions (e.g., dynamic signaling or load balancing) may be performed by the DU of network node 110, and radio communication (e.g., direct communication with the UE) may be performed by the RU of network node 110. In some aspects, network node 10 may include multiple network nodes associated with different cell groups (e.g., one MCG and one or more SCGs) or multiple network nodes associated with different cells in a cell group (e.g., one SpCell and one or more SCell).

[0101] As Figure 8 shown, in a first operation 805, network node 110 may send a configuration of a set of BFD-RSs for a set of cells to UE 120. UE 120 may receive the configuration of the set of BFD-RSs for the set of cells from network node 110. For example, network node 110 may send the configuration of the set of BFD-RSs to UE 120 in an RRC message (or multiple RRC messages). In some aspects, a set of cells may be a cell group, such as an MCG or an SCG. The cells in a cell group may also be referred to as CCs, carriers, or serving cells.

[0102] In some aspects, the configuration may configure multiple sets of BFD-RSs for a set of cells. In some aspects, the configuration may identify one or more respective sets of BFD-RSs associated with each cell in a set of cells. For example, the configuration may identify two respective sets of cells associated with each cell in a set of cells. In such examples, for each cell in a set of cells, the configuration may identify a first set of BFD-RSs associated with the cell and a second set of BFD-RSs associated with the cell. Each set of BFD-RSs may include several BFD-RSs. For example, each set of BFD-RSs may include up to N BFD-RSs. In one example, N = 64. In some aspects, for each set of BFD-RSs, the configuration may indicate the configuration of BFD-RS resources (e.g., time resources and frequency resources) for the BFD-RSs included in the set of BFD-RSs.

[0103] In some aspects, as detailed in connection with Figure 10 each cell in a set of cells, a configuration message indicating a configuration of a BFD-RS set for the set of cells may also indicate one or more configured combinations of BFD-RS and corresponding BFD-RS configuration IDs associated with the one or more configured combinations of BFD-RS. In such examples, each of the one or more configured combinations of BFD-RS for a cell may be a combination of BFD-RS in one or more BFD-RS sets associated with the cell, and each of the one or more configured combinations of BFD-RS for a cell may be associated with a corresponding BFD-RS configuration ID indicated in the configuration message.

[0104] In some aspects, after the UE 120 receives a configuration message indicating a configuration of a BFD-RS set for a set of cells, the UE 120 may send an acknowledgement of the configuration to the network node 110. For example, the acknowledgement may be or may include an RRC reconfiguration complete message sent from the UE 120 to the network node 110.

[0105] As Figure 8 further shown, in a second operation 810, the network node 110 may send a cell group BFD-RS activation MAC-CE to the UE 120. The UE 120 may receive the cell group BFD-RS activation MAC-CE. The cell group BFD-RS activation MAC-CE may indicate BFD-RS activation for the cell group. In some aspects, for one or more cells in a set of cells, the cell group BFD-RS activation MAC-CE may activate one or more BFD-RS in the BFD-RS sets configured for the set of cells.

[0106] In some aspects, the cell group BFD-RS activation MAC-CE may indicate one or more cells in the cell group for which BFD-RS activation is triggered by the cell group BFD-RS activation MAC-CE. As used herein, BFD-RS activation is “triggered” for a cell when the cell group BFD-RS activation MAC-CE activates at least one BFD-RS for the cell. In some aspects, the cell group BFD-RS activation MAC-CE may include a set of cell indicator fields for indicating for which cells in a set of cells BFD-RS activation is triggered by the cell group BFD-RS activation MAC-CE. For example, the set of cell indicator fields may include a corresponding cell indicator field for each cell in a set of cells, and each cell indicator field may indicate whether at least one BFD-RS is activated (by the cell group BFD-RS activation MAC-CE) for the corresponding cell.

[0107] In some aspects, for each cell in a cell group for which BFD-RS activation is triggered (e.g., each cell whose corresponding cell indicator field indicates that at least one BFD-RS is activated), the cell group BFD-RS activation MAC-CE may indicate one or more BFD-RSs activated for that cell. For example, for each cell for which BFD-RS activation is triggered, the cell group BFD-RS activation MAC-CE may indicate one or more BFD-RSs in each of one or more BFD-RS sets associated with that cell. In some aspects, in a case where each cell is associated with a first BFD-RS set and a second BFD-RS set, for each cell for which BFD-RS activation is triggered, the cell group BFD-RS activation MAC-CE may indicate one or more (e.g., one or two) activated BFD-RSs in the first BFD-RS set and one or more (e.g., one or two) activated BFD-RSs in the second BFD-RS set.

[0108] In some aspects, as detailed in conjunction with Figure 9 For each cell in a cell group for which the corresponding cell indicator field indicates that at least one BFD-RS is activated, the cell group BFD-RS activation MAC-CE may include a corresponding set of BFD-RS indicator fields. In such examples, the corresponding set of BFD-RS fields for a cell may include at least one corresponding BFD-RS indicator field for each of one or more BFD-RS sets associated with that cell, and each BFD-RS indicator field may identify the corresponding BFD-RS activated for that cell. For example, the corresponding set of BFD-RS indicator fields for a cell may include two BFD-RS indicator fields for a first BFD-RS set associated with that cell and two BFD-RS indicator fields for a second BFD-RS set associated with that cell.

[0109] In some aspects, as detailed in conjunction with Figure 10 For each cell in a cell group for which the corresponding cell indicator field indicates that at least one BFD-RS is activated, the cell group BFD-RS activation MAC-CE may include an indication of the corresponding BFD-RS configuration ID. In such examples, the corresponding BFD-RS configuration ID indication for a cell is a combination of one or more BFD-RSs activated for that cell in one or more BFD-RS sets associated with that cell. For example, for each cell in a group of cells, the configuration of the BFD-RS set may indicate a combination of one or more BFD-RSs configured for that cell in one or more BFD-RS sets associated with that cell. In such examples, the corresponding BFD-RS configuration ID for a cell may correspond to the BFD-RS combination in the combination of one or more BFD-RSs configured for that cell.

[0110] In some examples, for a set of cells, the cell group BFD-RS activation MAC-CE may indicate all the activated BFD-RS for the cells in the set of cells. In some aspects, once the UE 120 receives the cell group BFD-RS activation MAC-CE, the cell group BFD-RS activation MAC-CE may deactivate all the previously activated BFD-RS for all the cells in the set of cells. For example, when the UE 120 receives a new cell group BFD-RS activation MAC-CE, the new cell group BFD-RS activation MAC-CE may deactivate all the previously activated BFD-RS indicated in the previous cell group BFD-RS activation MAC-CE.

[0111] As Figure 8 further shown in the figure, in the third operation 815, the UE 120 may perform BFD at least in part based on the activated BFD-RS indicated by the cell group BFD-RS activation MAC-CE. In some aspects, the UE 120 may use one or more BFD-RS activated for cell activation to perform BFD for each cell in the set of cells activated by the cell group BFD-RS activation MAC-CE. In such examples, the PHY layer in the UE 120 may evaluate the radio link quality on the cell by measuring the RSRP of the activated BFD-RS for the cell and comparing the RSRP measurement with a threshold (Qout). If the RSRP measurement is less than Qout, the PHY layer may provide a beam failure indication to a higher layer (e.g., the MAC layer) of the UE, which may increment a beam failure indicator counter. The UE may detect a beam failure of the cell at least in part based on a threshold number of beam failure indications within a specific duration (e.g., a duration associated with a BFD timer).

[0112] Figure 9 is a diagram illustrating an example of an example cell group BFD-RS activation MAC-CE 900 according to the present disclosure. As Figure 9 shown, the cell group BFD-RS activation MAC-CE 900 may include a cell indicator field set 902. In some aspects, the cell indicator field set 902 may include a corresponding cell indicator field C for each cell in the set of cells i . Each cell indicator field C i may indicate whether at least one BFD-RS is activated for the corresponding cell. In some aspects, each cell indicator field C i may include a first value (e.g., C i = 1) indicating that at least one BFD-RS is activated for the corresponding cell or a second value (e.g., C i = 0) indicating that the BFD-RS is not activated for the corresponding cell. In some aspects, each cell indicator field C iIt may be a single-bit field, and the cell indicator field set 902 may include a certain number of cell indicator fields C corresponding to the possible number of cells in the cell group. i . For example, as Figure 9 shown, the cell indicator field set 902 may include four-octet cell indicator fields C corresponding to 32 possible cells in the cell group. i . In some aspects, the first cell indicator field in the first octet may correspond to the PCell / SpCell of the cell group, and the first cell indicator field in the first octet may be a reserved bit (indicated by "R" in Figure 9 ), because the UE 120 may expect the cell group BFD-RS activation MAC-CE 900 to indicate one or more activated BFD-RSs for the PCell / SpCell without an explicit indication in the corresponding cell indicator field.

[0113] As Figure 9 further shown, for each cell in a set of cells where the corresponding cell indicator field C i indicates that at least one BFD-RS is activated, the cell group BFD-RS activation MAC-CE 900 may include a corresponding BFD-RS indicator field set 904. For example, for each cell where C i = 1, the cell group BFD-RS activation MAC-CE 900 may include a corresponding BFD-RS indicator field set 904. In some aspects, for each cell where C i = 1, the corresponding BFD-RS indicator field set 904 may include a first BFD-RS indicator field indicating the first BFD-RS of the first BFD-RS set associated with the cell, a second BFD-RS indicator field indicating the second BFD-RS of the first BFD-RS set, a third BFD-RS indicator field indicating the third BFD-RS of the second BFD-RS set associated with the cell, and a fourth BFD-RS field indicating the fourth BFD-RS of the second BFD-RS set. For example, as Figure 9 shown, for each cell where C iFor each cell where C = 1, the corresponding BFD-RS indicator field set 904 may include a four-octet BFD-RS indicator field, and each octet may include a BFD-RS ID field 906 and a set ID field 908. The set ID field 908 may indicate a BFD-RS set within the BFD-RS set that is configured for the cell. For example, a value of 0 in the set ID field 908 may indicate a first BFD-RS set associated with the cell, and a value of 1 in the set ID field may indicate a second BFD-RS set associated with the cell. Each BFD-RS ID field 906 may include a corresponding BFD-RS ID indicating the active BFD-RS within the BFD-RS set indicated by the set ID field 908 in the same octet.

[0114] As Figure 9 Further shown, in some aspects, for the corresponding BFD-RS indicator field set 904 of each cell where C i = 1, the second and fourth octets may each include a field (V) 910 indicating whether a single BFD-RS or two BFD-RSs are active for the corresponding BFD-RS set indicated by the set ID field 908 in that octet. For example, a first value (e.g., value 1) in the V field 910 in an octet may indicate that two BFD-RSs are active in the BFD-RS set indicated by the set ID field 908 in that octet. In such examples, the first value (e.g., value 1) in the V field 910 in the octet may indicate that the BFD-RS indicated by the BFD-RS ID field 906 in the octet is active. A second value (e.g., value 0) in the V field 910 in the octet may indicate that one BFD-RS is active in the BFD-RS set indicated by the set ID field 908 in the octet. In such examples, the second value (e.g., value 0) in the V field 910 in the octet may indicate that UE120 may ignore the information in the BFD-RS ID field 906 in the octet.

[0115] In some aspects, for a cell where C i = 1, the corresponding BFD-RS indicator field set 904 may be included in the cell group BFD-RS activation MAC-CE 900 at least partially based on the order of the cell index (i) of the corresponding cell where C i = 1. For example, for a cell where C i = 1, the corresponding BFD-RS indicator field set 904 may be included in the cell group BFD-RS activation MAC-CE 900 in ascending order of the cell index i.

[0116] Figure 10FIG. is an illustration of an example of a cell group BFD-RS activation MAC-CE 1000 according to an example of the present disclosure. As Figure 10 shown, the cell group BFD-RS activation MAC-CE 1000 may include a cell indicator field set 1002. In some aspects, the cell indicator field set 1002 may include respective cell indicator fields C for each cell in a group of cells i . Each cell indicator field C i may indicate whether at least one BFD-RS is activated for the respective cell. In some aspects, each cell indicator field C i may include a first value (e.g., C i = 1) indicating that at least one BFD-RS is activated for the respective cell or a second value (e.g., C i = 0) indicating that BFD-RS is not activated for the respective cell. In some aspects, each cell indicator field C i may be a one-bit field, and the cell indicator field set 1002 may include a certain number of cell indicator fields C corresponding to the possible number of cells in the cell group i . For example, as Figure 10 shown, the cell indicator field set 1002 may include four octets of cell indicator fields C corresponding to 32 possible cells in the cell group i . In some aspects, the first cell indicator field in the first octet may correspond to the PCell / SpCell of the cell group, and the first cell indicator field in the first octet may be a reserved bit (indicated by "R" in Figure 10 ) because the UE 120 may expect the cell group BFD-RS activation MAC-CE 1000 to indicate one or more activated BFD-RS for the PCell / SpCell without an explicit indication in the corresponding cell indicator field.

[0117] As Figure 10 further shown, for each cell in a group of cells for which the respective cell indicator field C i indicates that at least one BFD-RS is activated, the cell group BFD-RS activation MAC-CE 1000 may include a corresponding BFD-RS configuration ID 1004. For example, for each cell in which C i = 1, the cell group BFD-RS activation MAC-CE 1000 may include a corresponding BFD-RS configuration ID field 1004. For each cell in which C i = 1, the corresponding BFD-RS configuration ID field 1004 may indicate a combination of one or more BFD-RS sets activated for the cell for one or more BFD-RS associated with the cell. In some aspects, for each cell in which Ci For each cell with [[ID=]], the corresponding BFD-RS configuration ID field 1004 may include a BFD-RS configuration ID corresponding to a BFD-RS combination in one or more BFD-RS combinations configured for the cell. In some aspects, for each cell in a set of cells, the configuration of the BFD-RS set for the set of cells may include configuration information indicating one or more BFD-RS combinations configured for the cell. In such examples, for each cell, the one or more BFD-RS combinations configured for the cell may be one or more configurations of BFD-RS among one or more BFD-RS associated with the cell. For example, each of the one or more BFD-RS combinations configured for a cell may include a combination of one or more (e.g., one or two) BFD-RS from each of a first BFD-RS set and a second BFD-RS set associated with the cell. For each cell in a set of cells, each BFD-RS combination in the one or more BFD-RS combinations configured for the cell may be associated with a corresponding BFD-RS configuration ID. In some aspects, the configuration information indicating one or more BFD-RS combinations configured for each cell may be sent to the UE 120 in a configuration separate from the configuration of the BFD-RS set for the set of cells (e.g., via one or more separate RRC messages).

[0118] In some aspects, for each cell in a set of cells, for each BFD-RS combination configured for the cell, the configuration information indicating one or more BFD-RS combinations configured for the cell may include an indication of a number of BFD-RS sets (e.g., a number of BFD-RS sets associated with the cell) and an indication of one or more BFD-RS included in the BFD-RS combination in each of the number of BFD-RS sets. In such examples, the configuration information for each cell may specify each BFD-RS combination for the cell as a combination of a BFD-RS set and the corresponding BFD-RS in the BFD-RS set. For example, the configuration information for a cell may indicate that a first configuration ID (Config ID1) corresponds to: BFD-RS set 1 {BFD-RS ID1, BFD-RS ID2}, BFD-RS set 2 {BFD-RS ID3, BFD-RS ID4}, and a second configuration ID (Config ID2) corresponds to: BFD-RS set 1 {BFD-RS ID1, BFD-RS ID4}, BFD-RS set 2 {BFD-RS ID6, BFD-RS ID7}.

[0119] In some aspects, the configuration information indicating one or more BFD-RS combinations for each cell in a set of cells may include the configuration information indicating the BFD-RS set and the reference BFD-RS combination for the reference cell configured for the set of cells. For example, the reference cell may be the SpCell in the cell group, such as the MCG or SCG. In some aspects, at least partially based on the incremental configuration of the reference BFD-RS combination, it can be used to indicate the configuration of one or more BFD-RS combinations for each cell other than the reference cell in the set of cells. For example, for each cell other than the reference cell, the configuration information indicating one or more BFD-RS combinations configured for each cell in the set of cells may include the corresponding configuration information indicating one or more corresponding differences between each of the one or more BFD-RS combinations configured for the cell and the reference BFD-RS combination configured for the reference cell. In this way, compared with including the combinations of the specified BFD-RS set and the corresponding BFD-RS of each BFD-RS combination configured for each cell in the set of cells, the size of the RRC configuration message can be reduced.

[0120] In some aspects, for a cell where C i = 1, the corresponding BFD-RS configuration ID field 1004 may be included in the cell group BFD-RS activation MAC-CE 1000 at least partially based on the order of the cell index (i) of the corresponding cell where C i = 1. For example, for a cell where C i = 1, the corresponding BFD-RS configuration ID field 1004 may be included in the cell group BFD-RS activation MAC-CE 1000 in the increasing order of the cell index i.

[0121] Figure 11 is a flowchart illustrating an example process 1100 for supporting group-level BFD-RS activation performed by a UE, for example, according to the present disclosure. The example process 1100 is an example where a UE (e.g., UE 120) performs operations associated with group-level BFD-RS activation.

[0122] As Figure 11 shown, in some aspects, the process 1100 may include receiving, from a network node, the configuration of multiple BFD-RS sets for a set of cells (block 1110). For example, a UE (such as by using Figure 13 the communication manager 140 and / or the receiving component 1302 depicted in

[0123] As Figure 11As further shown, in some aspects, process 1100 may include receiving, from a network node, a cell group BFD-RS activation MAC-CE that activates one or more BFD-RSs out of a plurality of BFD-RS sets for one or more cells in a group of cells (block 1120). For example, a UE (such as by using Figure 13 the communication manager 140 or the receiving component 1302 depicted in

[0124] Process 1100 may include additional aspects, such as any single aspect or any combination of aspects described below or in combination with one or more other processes described elsewhere herein.

[0125] In a first additional aspect, for each cell in a group of cells, configure to identify one or more respective BFD-RS sets among a plurality of BFD-RS sets associated with that cell.

[0126] In a second additional aspect, either alone or in combination with the first aspect, the cell group BFD-RS activation MAC-CE includes a set of cell indicator fields, the set of cell indicator fields including a respective cell indicator field for each cell in a group of cells, each cell indicator field in the set of cell indicator fields indicating whether at least one BFD-RS is activated for the respective cell.

[0127] In a third additional aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first and second aspects, each cell indicator field in the set of cell indicator fields includes a first value indicating that at least one BFD-RS is activated for the respective cell or a second value indicating that BFD-RS is not activated for the respective cell.

[0128] In a fourth additional aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first through third aspects, for each cell in a group of cells for which the respective cell indicator field indicates that at least one BFD-RS is activated, the cell group BFD-RS activation MAC-CE further includes a set of respective BFD-RS indicator fields, the set of respective BFD-RS indicator fields including at least one respective BFD-RS indicator field for each of one or more BFD-RS sets associated with that cell, each BFD-RS indicator field identifying the respective BFD-RS activated for that cell.

[0129] In a fifth additional aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to fourth aspects, for each cell in a set of cells, one or more BFD-RS sets associated with the cell include a first BFD-RS set associated with the cell and a second BFD-RS set associated with the cell, and for each cell in the set of cells in which the corresponding cell indicator field indicates that at least one BFD-RS is activated, the corresponding BFD-RS indicator field set includes a first BFD-RS indicator field indicating a first BFD-RS in the first BFD-RS set, a second BFD-RS indicator field indicating a second BFD-RS in the first BFD-RS set, a third BFD-RS indicator field indicating a third BFD-RS in the second BFD-RS set, and a fourth BFD-RS field indicating a fourth BFD-RS in the second BFD-RS set.

[0130] In a sixth additional aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to fifth aspects, for each cell in the set of cells in which the corresponding cell indicator field indicates that at least one BFD-RS is activated, the corresponding BFD-RS indicator field set includes a corresponding indication of whether a single BFD-RS in the corresponding BFD-RS set or two BFD-RSs in the corresponding BFD-RS set are activated for each of the first BFD-RS set and the second BFD-RS set.

[0131] In a seventh additional aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to sixth aspects, for each cell in the set of cells in which the corresponding cell indicator field indicates that at least one BFD-RS is activated, the cell group BFD-RS activation MAC-CE further includes an indication of a corresponding BFD-RS configuration identifier, and the corresponding BFD-RS configuration identifier indicates a combination of one or more BFD-RSs activated for the cell among one or more BFD-RS sets associated with the cell.

[0132] In an eighth additional aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to seventh aspects, for each cell in a set of cells, a configuration indicates a combination of one or more BFD-RSs configured for the cell among one or more BFD-RS sets associated with the cell, and for each cell in the set of cells in which the corresponding cell indicator field indicates that at least one BFD-RS is activated, the corresponding BFD-RS configuration identifier corresponds to the BFD-RS combination in the combination of one or more BFD-RSs configured for the cell.

[0133] In a ninth additional aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to eighth aspects, for each combination in one or more BFD-RS combinations configured for each cell in a set of cells, the configuration includes an indication of several BFD-RS sets among a plurality of BFD-RS sets and an indication of one or more BFD-RS included in each of the several BFD-RS sets and included in the combination.

[0134] In a tenth additional aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to ninth aspects, for a reference cell in a set of cells, the configuration includes an indication of a BFD-RS set among a plurality of BFD-RS sets and configuration information of BFD-RS for a reference BFD-RS combination configured for the reference cell, and for each cell other than the reference cell in the set of cells, the configuration includes corresponding configuration information indicating one or more corresponding differences between each of one or more BFD-RS combinations configured for the cell and the reference BFD-RS combination configured for the reference cell.

[0135] In an eleventh additional aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to tenth aspects, process 1100 includes performing beam failure detection based at least in part on one or more BFD-RS activated for one or more cells in a set of cells.

[0136] Although Figure 11 example boxes of process 1100 are shown, in some aspects, process 1100 may include additional boxes, fewer boxes, different boxes, or boxes with different arrangements compared to those depicted in Figure 11 . Additionally or alternatively, two or more of the boxes of process 1100 may be executed in parallel.

[0137] Figure 12 is a flowchart illustrating an example process 1200 for supporting group-level BFD-RS activation performed, for example, by a network node according to the present disclosure. Example process 1200 is an example in which a network node (e.g., network node 110) performs operations associated with group-level BFD-RS activation.

[0138] As Figure 12 shown, in some aspects, process 1200 may include sending a configuration of a plurality of BFD-RS sets for a set of cells to a UE (block 1210). For example, a network node (such as by using the communication manager 150 and / or the sending component 1404 depicted in Figure 14 ) may send a configuration of a plurality of BFD-RS sets for a set of cells to the UE as described above.

[0139] As Figure 12As further shown, in some aspects, process 1200 may include sending a cell group BFD-RS activation MAC-CE to the UE to activate one or more BFD-RSs among a plurality of BFD-RS sets for one or more cells in a group of cells (block 1220). For example, a network node (such as by using Figure 14 the communication manager 150 or the sending component 1404 depicted in

[0140] Process 1200 may include additional aspects, such as any single aspect or any combination of aspects described below or in combination with one or more other processes described elsewhere herein.

[0141] In a first additional aspect, for each cell in a group of cells, configure to identify one or more corresponding BFD-RS sets among a plurality of BFD-RS sets associated with that cell.

[0142] In a second additional aspect, either alone or in combination with the first aspect, the cell group BFD-RS activation MAC-CE includes a set of cell indicator fields, the set of cell indicator fields including a respective cell indicator field for each cell in a group of cells, and each cell indicator field in the set of cell indicator fields indicating whether at least one BFD-RS is activated for the respective cell.

[0143] In a third additional aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first and second aspects, each cell indicator field in the set of cell indicator fields includes a first value indicating that at least one BFD-RS is activated for the respective cell or a second value indicating that BFD-RS is not activated for the respective cell.

[0144] In a fourth additional aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to third aspects, for each cell in a group of cells for which the respective cell indicator field indicates that at least one BFD-RS is activated, the cell group BFD-RS activation MAC-CE further includes a respective set of BFD-RS indicator fields, the respective set of BFD-RS indicator fields including at least one respective BFD-RS indicator field for each of one or more BFD-RS sets associated with that cell, and each BFD-RS indicator field identifying the respective BFD-RS activated for that cell.

[0145] In a fifth additional aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to fourth aspects, for each cell in a set of cells, one or more BFD-RS sets associated with the cell include a first BFD-RS set associated with the cell and a second BFD-RS set associated with the cell, and for each cell in the set of cells for which a corresponding cell indicator field indicates that at least one BFD-RS is activated, the corresponding BFD-RS indicator field set includes a first BFD-RS indicator field indicating a first BFD-RS in the first BFD-RS set, a second BFD-RS indicator field indicating a second BFD-RS in the first BFD-RS set, a third BFD-RS indicator field indicating a third BFD-RS in the second BFD-RS set, and a fourth BFD-RS field indicating a fourth BFD-RS in the second BFD-RS set.

[0146] In a sixth additional aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to fifth aspects, for which a corresponding cell indicator field indicates that at least one BFD-RS is activated, the corresponding BFD-RS indicator field set includes corresponding indications of whether a single BFD-RS in the corresponding BFD-RS set or two BFD-RSs in the corresponding BFD-RS set are activated for each of the first BFD-RS set and the second BFD-RS set.

[0147] In a seventh additional aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to sixth aspects, for each cell in a set of cells for which a corresponding cell indicator field indicates that at least one BFD-RS is activated, the cell group BFD-RS activation MAC-CE further includes an indication of a corresponding BFD-RS configuration identifier, the corresponding BFD-RS configuration identifier indicating a combination of one or more BFD-RSs activated for the cell in one or more BFD-RS sets associated with the cell.

[0148] In an eighth additional aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to seventh aspects, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to fifth aspects, for each cell in a set of cells, a configuration indicates a combination of one or more BFD-RSs configured for the cell in one or more BFD-RS sets associated with the cell, and for each cell in the set of cells for which a corresponding cell indicator field indicates that at least one BFD-RS is activated, the corresponding BFD-RS configuration identifier corresponds to the BFD-RS combination in the combination of one or more BFD-RSs configured for the cell.

[0149] In a ninth additional aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first through eighth aspects, for each combination in one or more BFD-RS combinations configured for each cell in a set of cells, the configuration includes an indication of several BFD-RS sets out of a plurality of BFD-RS sets and an indication of one or more BFD-RS included in each of the several BFD-RS sets that are included in the combination.

[0150] In a tenth additional aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first through ninth aspects, for a reference cell in a set of cells, the configuration includes an indication of a BFD-RS set out of a plurality of BFD-RS sets and configuration information of BFD-RS for a reference BFD-RS combination configured for the reference cell, and for each cell other than the reference cell in the set of cells, the configuration includes corresponding configuration information indicating one or more corresponding differences between each of one or more BFD-RS combinations configured for the cell and the reference BFD-RS combination configured for the reference cell.

[0151] Although Figure 12 example blocks of process 1200 are shown, in some aspects, process 1200 may include additional blocks, fewer blocks, different blocks, or differently arranged blocks compared to those depicted in Figure 12 . Additionally or alternatively, two or more of the blocks of process 1200 may be executed in parallel.

[0152] Figure 13 is a diagram of an example apparatus 1300 for wireless communication supporting group-level BFD-RS activation in accordance with the present disclosure. Apparatus 1300 may be a UE, or a UE may include apparatus 1300. In some aspects, apparatus 1300 includes a receiving component 1302, a transmitting component 1304, and a communication manager 140, which may communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses). As shown, apparatus 1300 may communicate with another apparatus 1306 (such as a UE, a network node, or another wireless communication device) using receiving component 1302 and transmitting component 1304.

[0153] In some aspects, apparatus 1300 may be configured to perform one or more operations described herein in connection with Figures 7 to 10 . Additionally or alternatively, apparatus 1300 may be configured to perform one or more processes described herein, such as Figure 11 process 1100 or combinations thereof. In some aspects, apparatus 1300 may include one or more components of the UE described above in connection with Figure 2 .

[0154] The receiving component 1302 may receive communications from the device 1306, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or combinations thereof. The receiving component 1302 may provide the received communications to one or more other components of the device 1300, such as the communication manager 140. In some aspects, the receiving component 1302 may perform signal processing on the received communications (such as filtering, amplification, demodulation, analog-to-digital conversion, demultiplexing, deinterleaving, demapping, equalization, interference cancellation, or decoding, among other examples), and may provide the processed signals to one or more other components. In some aspects, the receiving component 1302 may include one or more antennas, modems, demodulators, MIMO detectors, receive processors, controllers / processors, memories, or combinations thereof of the UE described above in connection with Figure 2 the one or more antennas, modems, demodulators, MIMO detectors, receive processors, controllers / processors, memories, or combinations thereof of the UE described above.

[0155] The transmitting component 1304 may transmit communications to the device 1306, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or combinations thereof. In some aspects, the communication manager 140 may generate the communications and may send the generated communications to the transmitting component 1304 for transmission to the device 1306. In some aspects, the transmitting component 1304 may perform signal processing on the generated communications (such as filtering, amplification, modulation, digital-to-analog conversion, multiplexing, interleaving, mapping, or encoding, etc.), and may send the processed signals to the device 1306. In some aspects, the transmitting component 1304 may include one or more antennas, modems, modulators, transmit MIMO processors, transmit processors, controllers / processors, memories, or combinations thereof of the UE described above in connection with Figure 2 the one or more antennas, modems, modulators, transmit MIMO processors, transmit processors, controllers / processors, memories, or combinations thereof of the UE described above. In some aspects, the transmitting component 1304 may be co-located with the receiving component 1302 in a transceiver.

[0156] The communication manager 140 may receive from a network node or may cause the receiving component 1302 to receive from a network node a configuration of a plurality of BFD-RS sets for a set of cells. The communication manager 140 may receive from a network node or may cause the receiving component 1302 to receive from a network node a component of a cell group BFD-RS activation MAC-CE that activates one or more BFD-RSs among the plurality of BFD-RS sets for one or more cells in a set of cells. In some aspects, the communication manager 140 may perform one or more operations described elsewhere herein as being performed by one or more components of the communication manager 140.

[0157] The communication manager 140 may include the one or more antennas, modems, modulators, transmit MIMO processors, transmit processors, controllers / processors, memories, or combinations thereof of the UE described above in connection with Figure 2The controller / processor, memory, or combination thereof of the described UE. In some aspects, communication manager 140 includes a set of components, such as BFD component 1308 or combinations thereof. Alternatively, the set of components can be separate and distinct from communication manager 140. In some aspects, one or more of the components in the set of components can include, or be implemented within, the controller / processor, memory, or combination thereof of the UE described above in conjunction with Figure 2 The controller / processor, memory, or combination thereof of the described UE, or can be implemented therein. Additionally or alternatively, one or more of the components in the set of components can be at least partially implemented as software stored in memory. For example, a component (or a portion of a component) can be implemented as instructions or code stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium and executable by a controller or processor to perform the functions or operations of the component.

[0158] Receiving component 1302 can receive a configuration of a plurality of BFD-RS sets for a set of cells from a network node. Receiving component 1302 can receive a cell group BFD-RS activation MAC-CE that activates one or more BFD-RS in a plurality of BFD-RS sets for one or more cells in a set of cells from a network node.

[0159] BFD component 1308 can perform beam failure detection based at least in part on one or more BFD-RS activated for one or more cells in a set of cells.

[0160] Figure 13 The number and arrangement of the components shown in Figure 13 are provided as an example. In practice, there can be additional components, fewer components, different components, or differently arranged components compared to those shown in Figure 13 Two or more of the components shown in Figure 13 can be implemented within a single component, or a single component shown in Figure 13 can be implemented as multiple distributed components. Additionally or alternatively, the set of (one or more) components shown in Figure 13 can perform one or more functions described as being performed by another set of components shown in

[0161] Figure 14 is a diagram of an example apparatus 1400 for wireless communication that supports group-level BFD-RS activation in accordance with the present disclosure. Apparatus 1400 can be a network node, or a network node can include apparatus 1400. In some aspects, apparatus 1400 includes a receiving component 1402, a transmitting component 1404, and a communication manager 150, which can communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses). As shown, apparatus 1400 can communicate with another apparatus 1406 (such as a UE, a network node, or another wireless communication device) using receiving component 1402 and transmitting component 1404.

[0162] In some aspects, apparatus 1400 may be configured to perform one or more operations described herein in connection with Figures 7 to 10 Additional or alternatively, apparatus 1400 may be configured to perform one or more processes described herein, such as Figure 12 process 1200 or combinations thereof. In some aspects, apparatus 1400 may include one or more components of the network nodes described above in connection with Figure 2

[0163] Receiving component 1402 may receive communications from apparatus 1406, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or combinations thereof. Receiving component 1402 may provide the received communications to one or more other components of apparatus 1400, such as communication manager 150. In some aspects, receiving component 1402 may perform signal processing on the received communications (such as filtering, amplification, demodulation, analog-to-digital conversion, demultiplexing, deinterleaving, demapping, equalization, interference cancellation, or decoding, among other examples), and may provide the processed signals to one or more other components. In some aspects, receiving component 1402 may include one or more antennas, modems, demodulators, MIMO detectors, receiving processors, controller / processors, memories, or combinations thereof of the network nodes described above in connection with Figure 2

[0164] Transmitting component 1404 may transmit communications to apparatus 1406, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or combinations thereof. In some aspects, communication manager 150 may generate the communications and may send the generated communications to transmitting component 1404 for transmission to apparatus 1406. In some aspects, transmitting component 1404 may perform signal processing on the generated communications (such as filtering, amplification, modulation, digital-to-analog conversion, multiplexing, interleaving, mapping, or encoding, among others), and may send the processed signals to apparatus 1406. In some aspects, transmitting component 1404 may include one or more antennas, modems, modulators, transmit MIMO processors, transmit processors, controller / processors, memories, or combinations thereof of the network nodes described above in connection with Figure 2

[0165] ​​​The communication manager 150 may send to the UE or may cause the sending component 1404 to send to the UE a configuration of multiple BFD-RS sets for a set of cells. The communication manager 150 may send to the UE or may cause the sending component 1404 to send to the UE a cell group BFD-RS activation MAC-CE for activating one or more BFD-RSs in one or more of the cells in a set of cells among the multiple BFD-RS sets. In some aspects, the communication manager 150 may perform one or more operations described elsewhere herein as being performed by one or more components of the communication manager 150.

[0166] The communication manager 150 may include a controller / processor, a memory, a scheduler, a communication unit, or a combination thereof of the network node described above in connection with Figure 2 In some aspects, the communication manager 150 includes a set of components, such as the determination component 1408 or a combination thereof. Alternatively, the set of components may be separate and different from the communication manager 150. In some aspects, one or more components in the set of components may include a controller / processor, a memory, a scheduler, a communication unit, or a combination thereof of the network node described above in connection with Figure 2 or may be implemented therein. Additionally or alternatively, one or more components in the set of components may be at least partially implemented as software stored in a memory. For example, a component (or a part of a component) may be implemented as instructions or code stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium and capable of being executed by a controller or a processor to perform the functions or operations of the component.

[0167] The sending component 1404 may send to the UE a configuration of multiple BFD-RS sets for a set of cells. The sending component 1404 may send to the UE a cell group BFD-RS activation MAC-CE for activating one or more BFD-RSs in one or more of the cells in a set of cells among the multiple BFD-RS sets.

[0168] The determination component 1408 may determine a configuration of multiple BFD-RS sets for a set of cells or one or more BFD-RSs activated for one or more of the cells in a set of cells.

[0169] Figure 14 The number and arrangement of the components shown in Figure 14 are provided as an example. In practice, there may be additional components, fewer components, different components, or differently arranged components compared to those shown in Figure 14 Two or more of the components shown in Figure 14 may be implemented within a single component, or Figure 14 a single component shown inFigure 14 One or more functions performed by another set of components as shown.

[0170] An overview of some aspects of the present disclosure is provided below:

[0171] Aspect 1: A method of wireless communication performed by a user equipment (UE), the method comprising: receiving, from a network node, a configuration of a plurality of sets of beam failure detection reference signals (BFD-RS) for a set of cells; and receiving, from the network node, a cell group BFD-RS activation medium access control (MAC) control element (MAC-CE) that activates one or more BFD-RS in the plurality of BFD-RS sets for one or more cells in the set of cells.

[0172] Aspect 2: The method according to aspect 1, wherein for each cell in the set of cells, the configuration identifies one or more corresponding sets of BFD-RS in the plurality of BFD-RS sets associated with the cell.

[0173] Aspect 3: The method according to aspect 2, wherein the cell group BFD-RS activation MAC-CE includes a set of cell indicator fields, the set of cell indicator fields including a respective cell indicator field for each cell in the set of cells, and each cell indicator field in the set of cell indicator fields indicating whether at least one BFD-RS is activated for the respective cell.

[0174] Aspect 4: The method according to aspect 3, wherein each cell indicator field in the set of cell indicator fields includes a first value indicating that at least one BFD-RS is activated for the respective cell or a second value indicating that BFD-RS is not activated for the respective cell.

[0175] Aspect 5: The method according to any one of aspects 3 to 4, wherein for each cell in the set of cells for which the respective cell indicator field indicates that at least one BFD-RS is activated, the cell group BFD-RS activation MAC-CE further includes a respective set of BFD-RS indicator fields, the respective set of BFD-RS indicator fields including at least one respective BFD-RS indicator field for each of the one or more sets of BFD-RS associated with the cell, and each BFD-RS indicator field identifying the respective BFD-RS activated for the cell.

[0176] Aspect 6: The method according to aspect 5, wherein for each cell in the set of cells, the one or more BFD-RS sets associated with the cell include a first BFD-RS set associated with the cell and a second BFD-RS set associated with the cell, and wherein for each cell in the set of cells for which the corresponding cell indicator field indicates that at least one BFD-RS is activated, the corresponding BFD-RS indicator field set includes a first BFD-RS indicator field indicating a first BFD-RS in the first BFD-RS set, a second BFD-RS indicator field indicating a second BFD-RS in the first BFD-RS set, a third BFD-RS indicator field indicating a third BFD-RS in the second BFD-RS set, and a fourth BFD-RS field indicating a fourth BFD-RS in the second BFD-RS set.

[0177] Aspect 7: The method according to aspect 6, wherein for each cell in the set of cells for which the corresponding cell indicator field indicates that at least one BFD-RS is activated, the corresponding BFD-RS indicator field set includes a corresponding indication of whether a single BFD-RS in the corresponding BFD-RS set or two BFD-RSs in the corresponding BFD-RS set are activated for each of the first BFD-RS set and the second BFD-RS set.

[0178] Aspect 8: The method according to any one of aspects 3 to 4, wherein for each cell in the set of cells for which the corresponding cell indicator field indicates that at least one BFD-RS is activated, the cell group BFD-RS activation MAC-CE further includes an indication of a corresponding BFD-RS configuration identifier, the corresponding BFD-RS configuration identifier indicating a combination of one or more BFD-RSs activated for the cell among the one or more BFD-RS sets associated with the cell.

[0179] Aspect 9: The method according to aspect 8, wherein for each cell in the set of cells, the configuration indicates a combination of one or more BFD-RSs configured for the cell among the one or more BFD-RS sets associated with the cell, and wherein for each cell in the set of cells for which the corresponding cell indicator field indicates that at least one BFD-RS is activated, the corresponding BFD-RS configuration identifier corresponds to the BFD-RS combination in the combination of one or more BFD-RSs configured for the cell.

[0180] Aspect 10: The method according to aspect 9, wherein for each of the one or more BFD-RS combinations configured for each cell in the set of cells, the configuration includes an indication of several BFD-RS sets among the plurality of BFD-RS sets and an indication of one or more BFD-RS included in each of the several BFD-RS sets and included in the combination.

[0181] Aspect 11: The method according to aspect 9, wherein for a reference cell in the set of cells, the configuration includes an indication of the BFD-RS set among the plurality of BFD-RS sets and configuration information of the BFD-RS for a reference BFD-RS combination configured for the reference cell, and wherein for each cell other than the reference cell in the set of cells, the configuration includes corresponding configuration information indicating one or more corresponding differences between each of the one or more BFD-RS combinations configured for the cell and the reference BFD-RS combination configured for the reference cell.

[0182] Aspect 12: The method according to any one of aspects 1 to 11, the method further comprising: performing beam failure detection at least partially based on the one or more BFD-RS activated for the one or more cells in the set of cells.

[0183] Aspect 13: A method for wireless communication performed by a network node, the method comprising: sending a configuration of a plurality of beam failure detection reference signal (BFD-RS) sets for a set of cells to a user equipment (UE); and sending a cell group BFD-RS activation medium access control (MAC) control element (MAC-CE) activating one or more BFD-RS among the plurality of BFD-RS sets for one or more cells in the set of cells to the UE.

[0184] Aspect 14: The method according to aspect 13, wherein for each cell in the set of cells, the configuration identifies one or more corresponding BFD-RS sets among the plurality of BFD-RS sets associated with the cell.

[0185] Aspect 15: The method according to aspect 14, wherein the cell group BFD-RS activation MAC-CE includes a set of cell indicator fields, the set of cell indicator fields including a corresponding cell indicator field for each cell in the set of cells, and each cell indicator field in the set of cell indicator fields indicating whether at least one BFD-RS is activated for the corresponding cell.

[0186] Aspect 16: The method according to aspect 15, wherein each cell indicator field in the set of cell indicator fields includes a first value indicating activation of at least one BFD-RS for the corresponding cell or a second value indicating non-activation of BFD-RS for the corresponding cell.

[0187] Aspect 17: The method according to any one of aspects 15 to 16, wherein for each cell in the set of cells for which the corresponding cell indicator field indicates that at least one BFD-RS is activated, the cell group BFD-RS activation MAC-CE further includes a corresponding set of BFD-RS indicator fields, the corresponding set of BFD-RS indicator fields including at least one corresponding BFD-RS indicator field for each of the one or more BFD-RS sets associated with the cell, each BFD-RS indicator field identifying the corresponding BFD-RS activated for the cell.

[0188] Aspect 18: The method according to aspect 17, wherein for each cell in the set of cells, the one or more BFD-RS sets associated with the cell include a first BFD-RS set associated with the cell and a second BFD-RS set associated with the cell, and wherein for each cell in the set of cells for which the corresponding cell indicator field indicates that at least one BFD-RS is activated, the corresponding set of BFD-RS indicator fields includes a first BFD-RS indicator field indicating a first BFD-RS in the first BFD-RS set, a second BFD-RS indicator field indicating a second BFD-RS in the first BFD-RS set, a third BFD-RS indicator field indicating a third BFD-RS in the second BFD-RS set, and a fourth BFD-RS field indicating a fourth BFD-RS in the second BFD-RS set.

[0189] Aspect 19: The method according to aspect 18, wherein for each cell in the set of cells for which the corresponding cell indicator field indicates that at least one BFD-RS is activated, the corresponding set of BFD-RS indicator fields includes a corresponding indication of whether a single BFD-RS in the corresponding BFD-RS set or two BFD-RS in the corresponding BFD-RS set are activated for each of the first BFD-RS set and the second BFD-RS set.

[0190] Aspect 20: The method according to any one of aspects 15 to 16, wherein for each cell in the set of cells for which the corresponding cell indicator field indicates that at least one BFD-RS is activated, the cell group BFD-RS activation MAC-CE further includes an indication of a corresponding BFD-RS configuration identifier, the corresponding BFD-RS configuration identifier indicating a combination of one or more BFD-RSs activated for the cell among the one or more BFD-RS sets associated with the cell.

[0191] Aspect 21: The method according to aspect 20, wherein for each cell in the set of cells, the configuration indicates a combination of one or more BFD-RSs configured for the cell among the one or more BFD-RS sets associated with the cell, and wherein for each cell in the set of cells for which the corresponding cell indicator field indicates that at least one BFD-RS is activated, the corresponding BFD-RS configuration identifier corresponds to the BFD-RS combination among the one or more BFD-RS combinations configured for the cell.

[0192] Aspect 22: The method according to aspect 21, wherein for each combination among the one or more BFD-RS combinations configured for each cell in the set of cells, the configuration includes an indication of several BFD-RS sets among the plurality of BFD-RS sets and an indication of one or more BFD-RSs included in each of the several BFD-RS sets in the combination.

[0193] Aspect 23: The method according to aspect 21, wherein for a reference cell in the set of cells, the configuration includes an indication of a BFD-RS set among the plurality of BFD-RS sets and configuration information of BFD-RSs for a reference BFD-RS combination configured for the reference cell, and wherein for each cell other than the reference cell in the set of cells, the configuration includes corresponding configuration information indicating one or more corresponding differences between each of the one or more BFD-RS combinations configured for the cell and the reference BFD-RS combination configured for the reference cell.

[0194] Aspect 24: An apparatus for wireless communication at a device, the apparatus comprising: a processor; a memory coupled to the processor; and instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to perform the method according to one or more of aspects 1 to 12.

[0195] Aspect 25: A device for wireless communication, the device including a memory and one or more processors coupled to the memory, the one or more processors being configured to execute the method according to one or more of Aspects 1 to 12.

[0196] Aspect 26: A device for wireless communication, the device including at least one component for performing the method according to one or more of Aspects 1 to 12.

[0197] Aspect 27: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, the code including instructions executable by a processor to perform the method according to one or more of Aspects 1 to 12.

[0198] Aspect 28: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing an instruction set for wireless communication, the instruction set including one or more instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of a device, cause the device to perform the method according to one or more of Aspects 1 to 12.

[0199] Aspect 29: A device for wireless communication at a device, the device including: a processor; a memory coupled to the processor; and instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the device to perform the method according to one or more of Aspects 13 to 23.

[0200] Aspect 30: A device for wireless communication, the device including a memory and one or more processors coupled to the memory, the one or more processors being configured to execute the method according to one or more of Aspects 13 to 23.

[0201] Aspect 31: A device for wireless communication, the device including at least one component for performing the method according to one or more of Aspects 13 to 23.

[0202] Aspect 32: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, the code including instructions executable by a processor to perform the method according to one or more of Aspects 13 to 23.

[0203] Aspect 33: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing an instruction set for wireless communication, the instruction set including one or more instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of a device, cause the device to perform the method according to one or more of Aspects 13 to 23.

[0204] The foregoing disclosure provides illustration and description, but is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the aspects to the precise forms disclosed. Modifications and variations can be made in light of the above disclosure, or can be obtained from practice of the aspects.

[0205] As used herein, the term "component" is intended to be broadly construed as either hardware or a combination of hardware and software. "Software" shall be broadly construed to mean instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subprograms, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executable programs, threads of execution, procedures, or functions, etc., regardless of whether it is referred to in terms of software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or otherwise. As used herein, a "processor" is implemented with either hardware or a combination of hardware and software. It will be apparent that the systems or methods described herein can be implemented in different forms of hardware or a combination of hardware and software. The actual specific control hardware or software code used to implement these systems or methods does not limit the aspects. Accordingly, the operation and behavior of these systems or methods are described herein without reference to specific software code, as those skilled in the art will understand that the software and hardware can be designed to implement these systems or methods at least in part based on the description herein.

[0206] As used herein, depending on the context, "meeting a threshold" can mean that a value is greater than the threshold, greater than or equal to the threshold, less than the threshold, less than or equal to the threshold, equal to the threshold, not equal to the threshold, and so on.

[0207] Although specific combinations of features are recited in the claims or disclosed in the specification, these combinations are not intended to limit the disclosure of the aspects. Many of these features can be combined in ways not specifically recited in the claims or disclosed in the specification. The disclosure of the aspects includes each dependent claim in combination with every other claim in the set of claims. As used herein, the phrase referring to "at least one of" a list of items refers to any combination of those items (including a single member). By way of example, "at least one of the following: a, b, or c" is intended to cover a, b, c, a + b, a + c, b + c, and a + b + c, as well as any combination with multiple of the same element (e.g., a + a, a + a + a, a + a + b, a + a + c, a + b + b, a + c + c, b + b, b + b + b, b + b + c, c + c, and c + c + c, or any other ordering of a, b, and c).

[0208] No element, act, or instruction used herein should be construed as critical or essential unless expressly stated as such. Additionally, as used herein, the article "a" is intended to include one or more items and may be used interchangeably with "one or more." Further, as used herein, the article "the" is intended to include one or more items referred to in connection with the article "the" and may be used interchangeably with "one or more." Additionally, as used herein, the terms "set" and "group" are intended to include one or more items and may be used interchangeably with "one or more." If only one item is intended to be referred to, the phrase "only one" or similar language will be used. Further, as used herein, terms such as "has," "contains," "includes," and the like are intended to be open-ended terms that do not limit the elements they modify (e.g., an element "including" A may also contain B). Additionally, the phrase "based on" is intended to mean "at least partially based on" unless otherwise expressly stated. Further, as used herein, the term "or" when used in series is intended to be inclusive and may be used interchangeably with "and / or" unless otherwise expressly stated (e.g., if used in conjunction with "either of the two" or "only one of which").

Claims

1. A user equipment (UE) for wireless communication, the UE comprising: at least one memory; and at least one processor communicatively coupled to the at least one memory, the at least one processor being configured to cause the UE to: receive, from a network node, a configuration for a plurality of sets of beam failure detection reference signals (BFD-RS) for a set of cells; and receive, from the network node, a cell group BFD-RS activation medium access control (MAC) control element (MAC-CE) that activates one or more BFD-RS of the plurality of BFD-RS sets for one or more cells of the set of cells.

2. The UE according to claim 1, wherein for each cell of the set of cells, the configuration identifies one or more corresponding sets of BFD-RS among the plurality of BFD-RS sets associated with the cell.

3. The UE according to claim 2, wherein the cell group BFD-RS activation MAC-CE includes a set of cell indicator fields, the set of cell indicator fields including a respective cell indicator field for each cell of the set of cells, each cell indicator field in the set of cell indicator fields indicating whether at least one BFD-RS is activated for the respective cell.

4. The UE according to claim 3, wherein each cell indicator field in the set of cell indicator fields includes a first value indicating that at least one BFD-RS is activated for the respective cell or a second value indicating that BFD-RS is not activated for the respective cell.

5. The UE according to claim 3, wherein for each cell of the set of cells for which the respective cell indicator field indicates that at least one BFD-RS is activated, the cell group BFD-RS activation MAC-CE further includes a respective set of BFD-RS indicator fields, the respective set of BFD-RS indicator fields including at least one respective BFD-RS indicator field for each of the one or more sets of BFD-RS associated with the cell, each BFD-RS indicator field identifying the respective BFD-RS activated for the cell.

6. The UE according to claim 5, wherein for each cell in the set of cells, the one or more BFD-RS sets associated with the cell include a first BFD-RS set associated with the cell and a second BFD-RS set associated with the cell, and wherein for each cell in the set of cells for which the corresponding cell indicator field indicates that at least one BFD-RS is activated, the corresponding set of BFD-RS indicator fields includes a first BFD-RS indicator field indicating a first BFD-RS in the first BFD-RS set, a second BFD-RS indicator field indicating a second BFD-RS in the first BFD-RS set, a third BFD-RS indicator field indicating a third BFD-RS in the second BFD-RS set, and a fourth BFD-RS field indicating a fourth BFD-RS in the second BFD-RS set.

7. The UE according to claim 6, wherein for each cell in the set of cells for which the corresponding cell indicator field indicates that at least one BFD-RS is activated, the corresponding set of BFD-RS indicator fields includes a corresponding indication of whether a single BFD-RS in the corresponding BFD-RS set or two BFD-RSs in the corresponding BFD-RS set are activated for each of the first BFD-RS set and the second BFD-RS set.

8. The UE according to claim 3, wherein for each cell in the set of cells for which the corresponding cell indicator field indicates that at least one BFD-RS is activated, the cell group BFD-RS activation MAC-CE further includes an indication of a corresponding BFD-RS configuration identifier, the corresponding BFD-RS configuration identifier indicating a combination of one or more BFD-RSs activated for the cell among the one or more BFD-RS sets associated with the cell.

9. The UE according to claim 8, wherein for each cell in the set of cells, the configuration indicates a combination of one or more BFD-RSs configured for the cell among the one or more BFD-RS sets associated with the cell, and wherein for each cell in the set of cells for which the corresponding cell indicator field indicates that at least one BFD-RS is activated, the corresponding BFD-RS configuration identifier corresponds to the BFD-RS combination in the combination of one or more BFD-RSs configured for the cell.

10. The UE according to claim 9, wherein for each combination in the one or more BFD-RS combinations configured for each cell in the set of cells, the configuration includes an indication of several BFD-RS sets among the plurality of BFD-RS sets and an indication of one or more BFD-RSs included in each of the several BFD-RS sets in the combination.

11. The UE according to claim 9, wherein for a reference cell in the set of cells, the configuration includes configuration information indicating a BFD-RS set among the plurality of BFD-RS sets and BFD-RS for a reference BFD-RS combination configured for the reference cell, and wherein for each cell in the set of cells other than the reference cell, the configuration includes corresponding configuration information indicating one or more respective differences between each of the one or more BFD-RS combinations configured for the cell and the reference BFD-RS combination configured for the reference cell.

12. The UE according to claim 1, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to cause the UE to: Perform beam failure detection at least in part based on the one or more BFD-RS activated for one or more cells in the set of cells.

13. A network node for wireless communication, the network node comprises: At least one memory; and At least one processor communicatively coupled to the at least one memory, the at least one processor being configured to cause the network node to: Send a configuration of a plurality of sets of beam failure detection reference signals (BFD-RS) for a set of cells to a user equipment (UE); and Send a cell group BFD-RS activation medium access control (MAC) control element (MAC-CE) activating one or more BFD-RS in the plurality of BFD-RS sets for one or more cells in the set of cells to the UE.

14. The network node according to claim 13, wherein for each cell in the set of cells, the configuration identifies one or more respective BFD-RS sets associated with the cell among the plurality of BFD-RS sets.

15. The network node according to claim 14, wherein the cell group BFD-RS activation MAC-CE includes a set of cell indicator fields, the set of cell indicator fields including a respective cell indicator field for each cell in the set of cells, each cell indicator field in the set of cell indicator fields indicating whether at least one BFD-RS is activated for the corresponding cell.

16. The network node according to claim 15, wherein each cell indicator field in the set of cell indicator fields includes a first value indicating that at least one BFD-RS is activated for the corresponding cell or a second value indicating that BFD-RS is not activated for the corresponding cell.

17. The network node according to claim 15, wherein for each cell in the set of cells for which the corresponding cell indicator field indicates that at least one BFD-RS is activated, the cell group BFD-RS activation MAC-CE further includes a corresponding set of BFD-RS indicator fields, the corresponding set of BFD-RS indicator fields including at least one corresponding BFD-RS indicator field for each of the one or more BFD-RS sets associated with the cell, each BFD-RS indicator field identifying the corresponding BFD-RS activated for the cell.

18. The network node according to claim 17, wherein for each cell in the set of cells, the one or more BFD-RS sets associated with the cell include a first BFD-RS set associated with the cell and a second BFD-RS set associated with the cell, and wherein for each cell in the set of cells for which the corresponding cell indicator field indicates that at least one BFD-RS is activated, the corresponding set of BFD-RS indicator fields includes a first BFD-RS indicator field indicating the first BFD-RS in the first BFD-RS set, a second BFD-RS indicator field indicating the second BFD-RS in the first BFD-RS set, a third BFD-RS indicator field indicating the third BFD-RS in the second BFD-RS set, and a fourth BFD-RS field indicating the fourth BFD-RS in the second BFD-RS set.

19. The network node according to claim 18, wherein for each cell in the set of cells for which the corresponding cell indicator field indicates that at least one BFD-RS is activated, the corresponding set of BFD-RS indicator fields includes a corresponding indication of whether a single BFD-RS in the corresponding BFD-RS set or two BFD-RS in the corresponding BFD-RS set are activated for each of the first BFD-RS set and the second BFD-RS set.

20. The network node according to claim 15, wherein for each cell in the set of cells for which the corresponding cell indicator field indicates that at least one BFD-RS is activated, the cell group BFD-RS activation MAC-CE further includes an indication of a corresponding BFD-RS configuration identifier, the corresponding BFD-RS configuration identifier indicating a combination of one or more BFD-RS activated for the cell in the one or more BFD-RS sets associated with the cell.

21. The network node according to claim 20, wherein for each cell in the set of cells, the configuration indicates one or more BFD-RS combinations among the one or more BFD-RS sets associated with the cell that are configured for the cell, and wherein for each cell in the set of cells for which the corresponding cell indicator field indicates that at least one BFD-RS is activated, the corresponding BFD-RS configuration identifier corresponds to the BFD-RS combination among the one or more BFD-RS combinations configured for the cell.

22. The network node according to claim 21, wherein for each combination among the one or more BFD-RS combinations configured for each cell in the set of cells, the configuration includes an indication of several BFD-RS sets among the plurality of BFD-RS sets and an indication of one or more BFD-RS included in each of the several BFD-RS sets that are included in the combination.

23. The network node according to claim 21, wherein for a reference cell in the set of cells, the configuration includes configuration information indicating the BFD-RS set among the plurality of BFD-RS sets and the BFD-RS for a reference BFD-RS combination configured for the reference cell, and wherein for each cell in the set of cells other than the reference cell, the configuration includes corresponding configuration information indicating one or more corresponding differences between each of the one or more BFD-RS combinations configured for the cell and the reference BFD-RS combination configured for the reference cell.

24. A method of wireless communication performed by a user equipment (UE), the method comprising: receiving, from a network node, a configuration of a plurality of beam failure detection reference signal (BFD-RS) sets for a set of cells; and receiving, from the network node, a cell group BFD-RS activation medium access control (MAC) control element (MAC-CE) that activates one or more BFD-RS among the plurality of BFD-RS sets for one or more cells in the set of cells.

25. The method according to claim 24, wherein for each cell in the set of cells, the configuration identifies one or more corresponding BFD-RS sets among the plurality of BFD-RS sets associated with the cell.

26. The method according to claim 25, wherein the cell group BFD-RS activation MAC-CE includes a set of cell indicator fields, the set of cell indicator fields including a corresponding cell indicator field for each cell in the set of cells, and each cell indicator field in the set of cell indicator fields indicating whether at least one BFD-RS is activated for the corresponding cell.

27. The method according to claim 26, wherein for each cell in the set of cells for which the corresponding cell indicator field indicates that at least one BFD-RS is activated, the cell group The BFD-RS activation MAC-CE further includes a corresponding set of BFD-RS indicator fields, the corresponding set of BFD-RS indicator fields including at least one corresponding BFD-RS indicator field for each of the one or more BFD-RS sets associated with the cell, each BFD-RS indicator field identifying the corresponding BFD-RS activated for the cell.

28. The method according to claim 27, wherein for each cell in the set of cells, the one or more BFD-RS sets associated with the cell include a first BFD-RS set associated with the cell and a second BFD-RS set associated with the cell, and wherein for each cell in the set of cells for which the corresponding cell indicator field indicates that at least one BFD-RS is activated, the corresponding set of BFD-RS indicator fields includes a first BFD-RS indicator field indicating the first BFD-RS in the first BFD-RS set, a second BFD-RS indicator field indicating the second BFD-RS in the first BFD-RS set, a third BFD-RS indicator field indicating the third BFD-RS in the second BFD-RS set, and a fourth BFD-RS field indicating the fourth BFD-RS in the second BFD-RS set.

29. The method according to claim 26, wherein for each cell in the set of cells for which the corresponding cell indicator field indicates that at least one BFD-RS is activated, the cell group BFD-RS activation MAC-CE further includes an indication of a corresponding BFD-RS configuration identifier, the corresponding BFD-RS configuration identifier indicating a combination of one or more BFD-RS activated for the cell among the one or more BFD-RS sets associated with the cell.

30. A method of wireless communication performed by a network node, the method comprising: sending a configuration of a plurality of beam failure detection reference signal (BFD-RS) sets for a set of cells to a user equipment (UE); and sending a cell group BFD-RS activation medium access control (MAC) control element (MAC-CE) activating one or more BFD-RS among the plurality of BFD-RS sets for one or more cells in the set of cells to the UE.

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