Fruit tree planting field ridging and film covering device and method thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to a ridging and film covering device and method for a fruit tree planting field. Comprising a rack, and the rack is provided with a rotary tillage mechanism and a rotary tillage mechanism from front to back, the molding roller is rotationally connected to the rack, and the two ends of the molding roller are sleeved with conical caps; the film mulching mechanism comprises a film roll bracket fixed above the rack, a guide roller fixed below the bracket, two pressing wheels and two soil turning knives; the tearing sensing mechanism comprises a plurality of compression rollers inserted into the rack and a plurality of proximity switches fixed on the rack; the storage box is installed at the rear end of the rack, and a flap valve is installed at the bottom of the storage box. The mulching film tearing position can be sensed, marked and covered with soil, and the situation that the mulching film is blown up by strong wind is prevented.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to a ridge-forming and film-covering device for fruit tree planting fields and a method thereof. Background Art

[0002] When planting fruit trees, especially when transplanting fruit tree seedlings, plastic films can be laid to increase humidity and keep warm, and suppress weeds. With the development of agricultural machinery, people increasingly use ridge-forming and film-covering machines to lay plastic films. Laying plastic films while forming ridges can not only improve efficiency but also ensure the quality of plastic film laying. The basic principle of the ridge-forming and film-covering machine is to gather soil through rotary tillage knives, and the shaping roller 3 shapes the soil into ridges. One end of the plastic film is pressed by soil. When the tractor moves forward, it drags the plastic film roll to rotate and release the plastic film, and the pressing wheels press both sides of the plastic film into the soil, and the soil-turning knives turn the soil to press both sides of the plastic film. However, the current ridge-forming and film-covering machines have the following problems. In order to save costs, people often use plastic films of poor quality. When dragging the plastic film, tension is generated, sometimes causing the plastic film to tear. Especially, both sides of the plastic film are most likely to tear. After both sides of the plastic film are torn, they are easy to roll up, and the turned soil may not be able to press them. In windy weather, the plastic film is likely to be blown up from here or the torn part is further damaged, resulting in the failure of the plastic film. Therefore, people need to deal with the torn part, such as covering it with soil or sticking it with tape, but it is easy to miss the position; the shaping roller is welded into one body and cannot be adjusted according to the width of the ridge. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a ridge-forming and film-covering device for fruit tree planting fields and a method thereof to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is as follows:

[0005] A ridge-forming and film-covering device for fruit tree planting fields, including a frame, on which the following are installed from front to back:

[0006] Rotary tillage mechanism: provided with a plurality of plow knives;

[0007] Shaping roller: The shaping roller is rotatably connected to the frame, and conical caps are sleeved at both ends of the shaping roller;

[0008] Film-covering mechanism: including a film roll support fixed above the frame, a guide roller fixed below the support, two pressing wheels, and two soil-turning knives;

[0009] Tear induction mechanism: including a plurality of pressing rollers inserted on the frame and a plurality of proximity switches fixed on the frame;

[0010] Storage tank: installed at the rear end of the frame, and a flap valve is installed at the bottom of the storage tank.

[0011] Further, the free end of the plow blade is bent, and the bent ends of the plow blades all face the central position of the frame.

[0012] Further, the shaping roller is circular tubular, a rotating shaft is inserted through the inside of the shaping roller, the shaping roller is welded to the rotating shaft through a connecting rod, both ends of the rotating shaft are flange-connected with connecting shafts, the connecting shafts are connected with a connecting piece through bearings, and the connecting piece is fixed on the frame.

[0013] Further, the conical cap is in a conical shape with a narrow mouth at one end and a flared mouth at the other end. A sleeve facing the flared end of the conical cap is welded to the narrow mouth end of the conical cap. A number of strip-shaped holes are provided on the sleeve. The conical cap is sleeved on the shaping roller through the sleeve, and the conical cap is bolted to the shaping roller through a bolt pair passing through the shaping roller and the strip-shaped holes.

[0014] Further, U-shaped frames are fixed on the upper parts of both sides of the frame. Both ends of the film roll support are respectively clamped in the U-shaped frames. The U-shaped frames are bolted with bolt pairs to block the film roll support. Two limiting disks are sleeved on the film roll support. The cross section of the limiting disk is in a T shape. The limiting disk is fixed on the film roll support through a bolt passing through and screwed to the limiting disk.

[0015] Further, the guiding roller is located below the film roll support. Both ends of the guiding roller are bolted to the frame through a connecting plate provided with a number of through holes. The pressing wheel is located behind the guiding roller and symmetrically distributed on both sides of the frame. The soil-turning knife is installed behind the guiding roller and symmetrically distributed on both sides of the frame.

[0016] Further, a horizontal angle iron is welded on the frame between the guiding roller and the pressing wheel. A sleeve is welded to the bottom of the angle iron. A square connecting rod is fixed on the pressing roller. The connecting rod passes through the angle iron and the sleeve, and a trigger plate is fixed at the top end of the connecting rod.

[0017] Further, the number of proximity switches corresponds to the number of pressing rollers. The proximity switches are located on the angle iron below the trigger rod.

[0018] A method for ridging and mulching a fruit tree planting field includes the following steps:

[0019] (1) Connect the frame with the tractor, connect the rotary tillage mechanism with the power output shaft of the tractor. After adjusting the positions of the two conical caps according to the ridge width, tighten the bolt pairs on the conical caps. Sleeve the plastic film roll on the film roll support, and fix the two limiting disks on the film roll support at both ends of the plastic film. Adjust the height of the guiding roller by adjusting the bolting position of the connecting plate and the frame. Put broken soil in the storage tank, electrically connect the proximity switch with the flap valve, and install an indicator light at the tractor driving position. Electrically connect the proximity switch with the indicator light and the power supply of the tractor;

[0020] (2) Pass one end of the plastic film around the guiding roller, press both sides of the plastic film under the pressing wheels, press the end of the plastic film with soil, and at the same time lift both sides of the plastic film to support the pressing rollers;

[0021] (3) Start the tractor to move forward. The plow blades of the rotary tillage mechanism break up the soil and gather the soil towards the middle. The shaping roller presses the soil into ridges. The end of the film roll is fixed, so the film roll rotates continuously to release the film. The film bypasses the guiding roller and is pressed by the pressing wheel on both sides of the ridge. The soil-turning knife turns the soil and presses both sides of the film.

[0022] (4) When both sides of the film are torn during transmission, the pressing roller that was originally lifted loses the supporting force and drops down. The trigger rod touches the proximity switch, which in turn makes the indicator light turn on and the associated flap valve open to release the broken soil in the storage tank for marking. As the film is released, the intact film lifts the pressing roller again, the flap valve closes the outlet of the storage tank, and the indicator light goes out.

[0023] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] 1. The present invention can sense the tearing position of the film, mark it and cover it with soil to prevent the film from being blown up by strong winds.

[0025] 2. The two conical caps on the shaping roller can be adjusted in position to meet the requirements of different ridge widths.

[0026] 3. The tearing induction mechanism is used to sense the tearing position of the film, and the flap valve is associated to release soil for marking, so as to prompt people to deal with the tearing position subsequently. Description of the Drawings

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the bottom of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the shaping roller of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the film covering mechanism of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the tearing induction mechanism of the present invention.

[0032] Among them: 1. Frame; 2. Rotary tillage mechanism; 21. Plow blade; 3. Shaping roller; 31. Rotating shaft; 32. Conical cap; 33. Connecting shaft; 34. Connecting piece; 35. Connecting rod; 36. Sleeve; 37. Strip hole; 4. Film covering mechanism; 41. Film roll bracket; 42. Guiding roller; 43. Pressing wheel; 44. Soil-turning knife; 45. U-shaped frame; 46. Limiting disc; 47. Connecting plate; 48. Through hole; 5. Tearing induction mechanism; 51. Pressing roller; 52. Sleeve; 53. Connecting rod; 54. Trigger plate; 55. Proximity switch; 56. Angle iron; 6. Storage tank; 61. Flap valve. Specific Embodiments

[0033] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer and more understandable, the following further describes the present invention in detail in conjunction with specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0034] Embodiment 1:

[0035] As Figures 1-5 shown, a ridging and film mulching device for a fruit tree planting field includes a frame 1, and the following are installed on the frame 1 from front to back:

[0036] Rotary tillage mechanism 2: It is provided with a plurality of plow blades 21, the free ends of the plow blades 21 are bent, and the bent ends of the plow blades 21 all face the central position of the frame 1. The rotary tillage mechanism 2 is a common structure of a rotary tiller, and the connection structure between the rotary tillage mechanism 2 and the power output shaft of the tractor to provide power is prior art and is not shown in the drawings, but those skilled in the art all know how to connect. When the plow blades 21 rotate, they play a role in loosening the soil and gather the soil to the middle position through their bent ends.

[0037] Shaping roller 3: The shaping roller 3 is rotatably connected to the frame 1, and conical caps 32 are sleeved at both ends of the shaping roller 3. The shaping roller 3 is a circular tube, a rotating shaft 31 is inserted inside the shaping roller 3, the shaping roller 3 is welded to the rotating shaft 31 through a connecting rod 35, both ends of the rotating shaft 31 are flange-connected with connecting shafts 33, the connecting shafts 33 are connected to a connecting member 34 through bearings, and the connecting member 34 is fixed on the frame 1. When the shaping roller 3 moves forward with the tractor, it rolls above the soil, and the conical caps 32 press against both sides of the soil, thereby shaping the soil into ridges. The flange connection method is convenient for disassembly and maintenance.

[0038] The conical cap 32 is in the shape of a cone with one end having a narrow opening and the other end having a widened opening. A sleeve 36 facing the widened end of the conical cap 32 is welded to the narrow opening end of the conical cap 32. A plurality of strip holes 37 are formed in the sleeve 36. The conical cap 32 is sleeved on the shaping roller 3 through the sleeve 36, and the conical cap 32 is bolted to the shaping roller 3 through a bolt pair passing through the shaping roller 3 and the strip holes 37. The conical cap 32 can adjust its position on the shaping roller 3 so as to adapt to the formation of ridges with different widths.

[0039] Film mulching mechanism 4: It includes a film roll bracket 41 fixed above the frame 1, a guiding roller 42 fixed below the bracket, two pressing wheels 43, and two soil turning knives 44. U-shaped frames 45 are fixed on the upper parts of both sides of the frame 1. Both ends of the film roll bracket 41 are respectively clamped inside the U-shaped frames 45, and bolt pairs are bolted to the U-shaped frames 45 to block the film roll bracket 41. Two limiting disks 46 are sleeved on the film roll bracket 41. The cross section of the limiting disk 46 is in the shape of a T, and the limiting disk 46 is fixed on the film roll bracket 41 through a bolt passing through and threadedly connecting the limiting disk 46. The limiting disk 46 is used to limit the film roll and prevent it from moving laterally.

[0040] The guiding roller 42 is located at the lower part of the film roll bracket 41 and is used to spread the plastic film at a certain height. Both ends of the guiding roller 42 are bolted to the frame 1 through a connecting plate 47 provided with a number of through holes 48, that is, the connecting plate 47 is bolted to the frame 1 through the through holes 48, and the height of the guiding roller 42 can be adjusted by using different through holes 48 as the bolting positions. The pressing wheels 43 are located behind the guiding roller 42 and are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the frame 1. The pressing wheels 43 are used to press both sides of the plastic film. The soil-turning knives 44 are installed behind the guiding roller 42 and are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the frame 1. The soil-turning knives 44 are used to turn the soil and press both sides of the plastic film.

[0041] Tear induction mechanism 5: It includes a number of pressing rollers 51 inserted on the frame 1 and a number of proximity switches 55 fixed on the frame 1. A horizontal angle iron 56 is welded on the frame 1 between the guiding roller 42 and the pressing wheels 43. A sleeve 52 is welded to the bottom of the angle iron 56. A square connecting rod 53 is fixed on the pressing roller 51. The connecting rod 53 passes through the angle iron 56 and the sleeve 52, and a trigger plate 54 is fixed at the top of the connecting rod 53. The number of proximity switches 55 corresponds to the number of pressing rollers 51, and the proximity switches 55 are located on the angle iron 56 below the trigger rod. Normally, the pressing rollers 51 are always located on the plastic film and rotate as the plastic film is released. When both sides of the plastic film are torn, there will be a notch. When this place reaches below the pressing roller 51, the pressing roller 51 moves downwards, and then the complete plastic film lifts the pressing roller 51 again. Pay attention to controlling the descending distance of the pressing roller 51, otherwise the pressing roller 51 will pass through the notch too far and block the plastic film, causing a larger tear. Moreover, there will be a certain up and down fluctuation when the plastic film is released, causing the pressing roller 51 to float up and down accordingly. Therefore, it is necessary to control the distance between the trigger plate 54 and the proximity switch 55 so that it will not be triggered within the up and down floating range of the pressing roller 51, and at the same time, the pressing roller 51 can be lifted again when it moves downwards. A layer of flexible material should be fixed on the roller surface of the pressing roller 51 to avoid damaging the plastic film, and the weight of the tear induction mechanism 5 should be minimized as much as possible so that it will not exert too much pressure on the plastic film.

[0042] Storage box 6: It is installed at the rear end of the frame 1, and a flap valve 61 is installed at the bottom of the storage box 6. The flap valve 61 is electrically associated with the proximity switch 55. When a tear occurs, the flap valve 61 opens, and the soil in the storage box 6 is released to cover the plastic film for marking, prompting people to process it later. Design the response time of the flap valve 61 so that the falling soil exactly covers the notch position. In this way, the notch position can also be pressed by the soil to prevent the plastic film from being blown up by the strong wind. Therefore, the width of the storage box 6 should be greater than the width of the plastic film covering area so that the falling soil can cover both sides of the plastic film.

[0043] Embodiment 2:

[0044] This embodiment provides a method for ridging and mulching in a fruit tree planting field, and the method steps are implemented based on Embodiment 1.

[0045] A method for ridge-forming and film-covering in a fruit tree planting field comprises the following steps:

[0046] (1) Connect the frame 1 to the tractor, connect the rotary tillage mechanism 2 to the power output shaft of the tractor, adjust the positions of the two conical caps 32 according to the ridge width, tighten the bolt pair on the conical caps 32, sleeve the mulch roll on the mulch roll bracket 41, and fix the two limit plates 46 on the mulch roll brackets 41 at both ends of the mulch roll. Adjust the height of the guide roller 42 by adjusting the bolting position of the connecting plate 47 and the frame 1, put crushed soil in the storage box 6, electrically connect the proximity switch 55 with the flap valve 61, and install an indicator light at the tractor driving position, and electrically connect the proximity switch 55 with the indicator light and the power supply of the tractor;

[0047] (2) Pass one end of the mulch film around the guide roller 42, and press both sides of the mulch film under the pressing wheel 43, and press the end of the mulch film with soil, while making both sides of the mulch film hold up the pressing roller 51;

[0048] (3) The tractor is started to move forward, the plow blade 21 of the rotary tillage mechanism 2 breaks up the soil and gathers it to the middle, the shaping roller 3 presses the soil into a ridge, the end of the mulch roll is fixed so that the mulch roll rotates continuously to release the mulch, bypasses the guide roller 42 and is pressed on both sides of the ridge by the pressing wheel 43, and the turning knife 44 turns the soil and presses both sides of the mulch film;

[0049] (4) When the two sides of the ground film are torn during the transmission, the originally lifted pressure roller 51 loses its lifting force and falls down, and the trigger rod touches the proximity switch 55, which in turn turns on the indicator light and opens the associated flap valve 61 to release the broken soil in the storage box 6 for marking. As the ground film is released, the intact ground film lifts the pressure roller 51 again, and the flap valve 61 closes the outlet of the storage box 6 and the indicator light goes out. The response time of the flap valve 61 is designed so that the falling soil just covers the gap position, so that the gap position can also be pressed by soil to prevent the ground film from being blown up by strong winds.

[0050] The above-described embodiments are merely descriptions of preferred implementations of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the concept and scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design concept of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made by ordinary persons in the art to the technical solution of the present invention should all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0051] The techniques, shapes, and structural parts not described in detail in the present invention are all well-known techniques.

Claims

1. A device for ridge-forming and film-covering in fruit-tree-planting fields, characterized in that: The invention comprises a frame, on which are installed from front to back: Rotary tillage mechanism: equipped with several plowshares; Shaping roller: The shaping roller is rotatably connected to the frame, and conical caps are sleeved on both ends of the shaping roller; Laminating mechanism: including a film roll support fixed on the top of the frame, a guide roller fixed under the support, two pressure wheels, and two soil turning knives; Tearing induction mechanism: including a number of pressure rollers plugged into the frame and a number of proximity switches fixed on the frame; Storage tank: Installed at the rear end of the frame, with a flap valve installed at the bottom of the storage tank.

2. The device for ridge-forming and film-covering in fruit tree planting fields according to claim 1, characterized in that: The free ends of the plow blades are bent, and the bent ends of the plow blades are all directed toward the central position of the frame.

3. The device for ridge-forming and film-covering in fruit tree planting fields according to claim 1, characterized in that: The molding roller is in the shape of a round tube, a rotating shaft is passed through the inside of the molding roller, the molding roller is welded to the rotating shaft through a connecting rod, both ends of the rotating shaft are flange-connected with connecting shafts, the connecting shaft bearings are connected to connecting pieces, and the connecting pieces are fixed on the frame.

4. The device for ridge-forming and film-covering in fruit-tree-planting fields according to claim 3, characterized in that: The conical cap is in the shape of a cone with a narrow end and a widened end. A sleeve facing the widened end of the conical cap is welded to the narrow end of the conical cap, and a plurality of strip holes are opened on the sleeve. The conical cap is sleeved on the molding roller through the sleeve, and the conical cap is bolted to the molding roller through a bolt pair that penetrates the molding roller and the strip holes.

5. The device for ridge-forming and film-covering in fruit tree planting fields according to claim 1, characterized in that: A U-shaped frame is fixed to the upper part of both sides of the frame, and both ends of the film roll bracket are respectively clamped in the U-shaped frame. The U-shaped frame is bolted with a bolt pair to block the film roll bracket. Two limit plates are sleeved on the film roll bracket. The cross-section of the limit plates is T-shaped. The limit plates are fixed to the film roll bracket by bolts that penetrate and threadedly connect the limit plates.

6. The device for ridge-forming and film-covering in fruit-tree-planting fields according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide roller is located at the lower part of the film roll bracket, and both ends of the guide roller are bolted to the frame through a connecting plate with a plurality of through holes. The pressure wheel is located behind the guide roller and symmetrically distributed on both sides of the frame. The soil turning knife is installed behind the guide roller and symmetrically distributed on both sides of the frame.

7. The device for ridge-forming and film-covering in fruit tree planting fields according to claim 6, characterized in that: A transverse angle iron is welded on the frame between the guide roller and the pressure wheel, a sleeve is welded on the bottom of the angle iron, a square connecting rod is fixed on the pressure roller, the connecting rod passes through the angle iron and the sleeve, and a trigger plate is fixed on the top of the connecting rod.

8. The device for ridge-forming and film-covering in fruit-tree-planting fields according to claim 7, characterized in that: The number of the proximity switches corresponds to the number of the pressure rollers, and the proximity switches are located on the angle iron below the trigger rod.

9. A method for ridge-forming and film-covering in a fruit tree planting field according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Connect the frame to the tractor, connect the rotary tillage mechanism to the power output shaft of the tractor, adjust the positions of the two conical caps according to the ridge width and tighten the bolt pair on the conical caps, sleeve the mulch roll on the mulch roll bracket, and fix the two limit plates on the mulch roll brackets at both ends of the mulch roll, adjust the height of the guide roller by adjusting the bolting position of the connecting plate and the frame, put crushed soil in the storage box, electrically connect the proximity switch to the flap valve, install the indicator light at the tractor driving position, and electrically connect the proximity switch to the indicator light and the power supply of the tractor; (2) Pass one end of the mulch film around the guide roller, press both sides of the mulch film under the pressing wheel, press the end of the mulch film with the soil, and at the same time, lift the pressing roller on both sides of the mulch film; (3) The tractor is started to move forward, the plow blade of the rotary tillage mechanism breaks up the soil and gathers it in the middle, the shaping roller presses the soil into a ridge, the end of the mulch roll is fixed so that the mulch roll rotates continuously to release the mulch, bypasses the guide roller and is pressed on both sides of the ridge by the pressing wheel, and the turning knife turns the soil and presses both sides of the mulch film; (4) When the two sides of the ground film are torn during transmission, the pressure roller that was originally lifted up loses its supporting force and falls down. The trigger rod touches the proximity switch, which lights up the indicator light and opens the associated flap valve to release the broken soil in the storage tank for marking. As the ground film is released, the intact ground film lifts up the pressure roller again, the flap valve closes the storage tank outlet and the indicator light goes out.

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