Rice stubble treatment device for rice field capable of realizing fertilization

Abstract

The invention discloses a rice field rice stubble treatment device for fertilization, and belongs to the field of agricultural machinery straw treatment and agricultural cultivation. The device is composed of five parts including a soil ploughing unit, a rice stubble collecting and soil filtering unit, an incineration unit, a fertilization unit and a driving and controlling advancing unit. A driving and controlling advancing unit in the device pushes the device to advance, a rotary tillage module in a soil tillage unit performs rotary tillage on soil, and dry rice stubbles rooted under the soil are turned over to the upper layer of the soil; the rice stubble collecting and soil filtering unit is used for upwards collecting and lifting rice stubbles and part of soil, filtering and discharging the soil out of the device, and screening the rice stubbles to enter the incineration unit; after the incineration unit incinerates the rice stubbles, waste gas is purified, and pollution is greatly reduced; and the fertilizing unit is used for fertilizing the cultivated soil. Rice stubble straw can be collected and treated, the rotary tillage module conducts soil cultivation, the fertilization unit discharges plant ash generated by incineration and preloaded universal fertilizer into soil, the purpose of fertilizing is achieved, and high practicability is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a rice stubble treatment device considering soil fertility improvement, belonging to the fields of agricultural machinery straw treatment and agricultural tillage. Technical Background

[0002] Straw is the general term for the stems, leaves and ears of mature crops. After rice fields are harvested, there are many ways to deal with the rice straw in the fields, but there is little involvement in dealing with the dry rice stubbles remaining in the fields and rooted below the ground. These rice stubbles are the preferred locations for pests to hide and lay eggs, increasing the difficulty of pest and disease control. In the field of agricultural tillage, the treatment of rice stubbles has always been an important problem. Traditional treatment methods usually mainly include open burning and in-situ landfill. Open burning often causes low visibility in the air, directly affecting the normal operation of civil aviation, railways, and highways, triggering traffic accidents, and affecting air quality. It should be noted that when rice stubbles are burned, the surface microorganisms are eliminated, and the humus and organic matter are mineralized, intensifying soil compaction and damaging soil fertility, thus affecting the growth of crops. In-situ landfill also has disadvantages. The landfilled rice stubbles are difficult to decompose in the soil in a short time, affecting the planting of the next crop. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an efficient rice stubble treatment device that complies with the policy of the Action Plan for Continuous Improvement of Air Quality issued by the State Council and is most beneficial to crop cultivation and land conservation, so as to minimize the damage to the environment.

[0003] Currently, the rice stubble straw treatment devices mainly include the following three types: (1) Straw pulverizer for returning to the field. Patent CN221240866U realizes the height adjustment of the pressing plate through a lifting type pushing device to facilitate the pushing and flattening of standing straw, so as to facilitate the subsequent crushing equipment to crush and return the straw to the field. Its disadvantage is that the rice stubble debris is not treated at high temperature, and the eggs hidden in it are difficult to eliminate, resulting in the aggravation of pests and diseases, poor soil fertility improvement effect, and affecting the germination of crop seeds and root growth in the next stage. (2) Straw burning and soil fertility improvement machine. Patent CN205430924U works with the walking system and the tillage system at the same time, efficiently burning the straw while turning the soil and evenly spreading the generated plant ash on the renovated land. Its disadvantage is that a large amount of manual labor is required for straw collection, the degree of automation is low, and it consumes a lot of manpower. (3) Multifunctional crop straw burner. Patent CN118757796A reduces environmental pollution by collecting straw with a pick-up machine and completely burning it in the shell. Its disadvantage is that it only targets the straw picked up by the pick-up machine and cannot effectively treat the rice stubbles rooted below the soil layer in the field. Considering the above three types of straw treatment devices, the first device has obvious disadvantages without high-temperature combustion treatment, the second device fails to achieve full machine automation operation and has low working efficiency, and the third device cannot pick up the rice stubbles rooted below the soil layer in the field, so the treatment effect on rice stubbles is not good and the practicability is not high.

[0004] To overcome the above problems, a rotary tillage mechanism with a plowshare - type rotation, which comprehensively considers and upgrades the deficiencies of the above - mentioned three devices, is innovatively designed in the present invention. It can not only cultivate and loosen the soil, turn up the lower - layer soil, but also efficiently turn over the rice stubbles rooted in the lower layer of the land, facilitating subsequent incineration after mixing with waste oil, and has good practicability and market application prospects. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This device is used to solve the problems of low automation collection efficiency of rice stubbles by existing devices and low comprehensive treatment rate of straw treatment and soil fertilization, and provides a rice stubble treatment device for paddy fields considering fertilization.

[0006] In view of the problems existing in the existing straw treatment devices, the present invention makes original innovations. The basic idea is as follows: 1. Design a plowshare - type rotary tillage mechanism to loosen the soil by tilling and obtain the rice stubbles to the stubble - soil separation sieve through a conveying mechanism; 2. Design a rotating stubble - soil separation sieve to separate the soil attached to the rice stubbles as much as possible; 3. Use an incinerator equipped with waste - oil atomization equipment, ignition and air - supply equipment, and waste - gas purifier to centrally treat the straw and rice stubbles; 4. Design a fertilization funnel and pipeline to sprinkle the pre - installed general fertilizer and the plant ash generated by combustion onto the paddy field together.

[0007] To achieve the above - mentioned purpose and principle, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0008] A rice stubble treatment device for paddy fields considering fertilization is composed of five parts: a soil - tilling unit 1, a rice - stubble collection and soil - filtering unit 2, an incineration unit 3, a fertilization unit 4, and a driving and controlling traveling unit 5;

[0009] The soil - tilling unit 1 is located at the very front of the device, the rice - stubble collection and soil - filtering unit 2 is located in front of the device, the driving and controlling traveling unit 5 is located in the middle of the device, the incineration unit 3 is located on the right side of the driving and controlling traveling unit 5, and the fertilization unit 4 is located at the lower rear of the device;

[0010] The soil - tilling unit 1 includes a motor 101, a front - section frame 102, a connecting mechanism 103, a synchronous pulley 104, a synchronous belt 105, a synchronous - belt fixed pulley 106, and a rotary tillage module 107;

[0011] The rotary tillage module 107 includes a square rotating shaft 107.1, a soil - breaking harrow 107.2, a fixing plate 107.3, and a rotary plow 107.4;

[0012] The three groups of square rotating shafts 107.1 are connected to the synchronous belt pulleys 104. The two motors 101 are symmetrically fixed on both sides of the front section of the frame 102 by bolt connection. The two motors 101 drive the two square rotating shafts 107.1 to rotate. Then, through the meshing relationship between the synchronous belt pulleys 104 and the synchronous belt 105, another synchronous belt pulley 104 is driven to rotate, and then the square rotating shaft 107.1 in the middle is driven to rotate. The designed dual-motor redundant drive method is more conducive to the compensation of rotational force;

[0013] The synchronous belt fixed pulleys 106 are respectively connected to both sides of the front section of the frame 102 through the connecting mechanism 103. The two synchronous belt fixed pulleys 106 are tightly pressed on the synchronous belt 105 to prevent the synchronous belt 105 from sagging;

[0014] The rotary tillage module 107 is the general term for three groups of rotary tillage mechanisms, which operate in a coordinated and parallel manner. The rotary tillage mechanism uses the square rotating shaft 107.1 as the transmission shaft. Two soil-breaking rakes 107.2 are installed on the side close to the motor 101, and four rotary tillage plows 107.4 are installed on the side far from the motor 101. The soil-breaking rakes 107.2 and the square rotating shaft 107.1, and the rotary tillage plows 107.4 and the square rotating shaft 107.1 are all connected by bolts through the fixing plates 107.3. Among them, the two soil-breaking rakes 107.2 are symmetrically distributed with an angular difference of 180°. The phases of the four rotary tillage plows 107.4 differ by 90° in sequence from the side far from the motor 101 to the side close to the motor 101, that is, 0°, 90°, 180°, 270°. The angle setting of the rotary tillage plows 107.4 is coordinated with the forward movement of the device, which can concentrate the torque generated by rotation and the downward pressure on the rotary tillage plows 107.4, resulting in a better effect of breaking soil and digging stubble. At the same time, during the rotary tillage process, the soil can be evenly stirred to avoid over-rotary tillage of local soil. The soil-breaking rakes 107.2 can loosen and separate the rice stubble and soil;

[0015] There are also differences between the three groups of rotary tillage mechanisms. The phases of the square rotating shafts 107.1 at both ends lag behind the phase of the square rotating shaft 107.1 in the middle by 90°, that is, 0°, 90°, 0°. And appropriate distances are set for the three groups of square rotating shafts 107.1. The transformation of angles and the control of distances can effectively prevent the formation of soil ridges in the soil to be rotary tilled and avoid the situation where some rice stubble cannot be processed;

[0016] The rice stubble collection and soil filtering unit 2 includes a conveying mechanism 201, a stubble and soil separation sieve 202, a front section of the frame plate 203, and a frame 204;

[0017] The conveying mechanism 201 includes a protective shell 201.1, a collection shovel 201.2, a motor 201.3, a belt 201.4, a rotating shaft 201.5, a conveyor belt 201.6, and a V-shaped conveying hopper 201.7;

[0018] The rice stubble collection and soil filtering unit 2 includes two sets of conveying mechanisms 201 and two sets of stubble and soil separation sieves 202;

[0019] The conveying mechanism 201 is welded at an angle of 60° with the ground in the middle of the front frame plate 203. The protective shell can protect the inside of the conveying mechanism 201 from rain erosion. The lower part of the protective shell 201.1 of the conveying mechanism 201 is connected to the collection shovel 201.2. The width of the collection shovel 201.2 is half of the width of the whole machine. Thus, the rice stubble plowed by the rotary tiller 107.4 and part of the soil on the soil surface can be shoveled into the conveying mechanism 201. An electric motor 201.3 is installed at the upper end of the conveying mechanism 201. The electric motor 201.3 is connected to the upper rotating shaft 201.5 through a belt 201.4. The lower rotating shaft 201.5 is a driven shaft. A conveyor belt 201.6 is wrapped around the two rotating shafts 201.5. V-shaped conveying hoppers 201.7 are assembled on the conveyor belt 201.6;

[0020] The electric motor 201.3 drives the upper rotating shaft 201.5 to rotate by reducing the speed and increasing the torque, thereby driving the entire conveyor belt 201.6 to operate. Through the V-shaped conveying hoppers 201.7 on the conveyor belt 201.6, the rice stubble and part of the soil collected by the collection shovel 201.2 can be collected and lifted upward and transmitted to the stubble and soil separation sieve 202;

[0021] The stubble and soil separation sieve 202 includes a stubble and soil separation sieve mesh 202.1, an electric motor 202.2, a transmission cam 202.3, a driving wheel 202.4, and a driven wheel 202.5;

[0022] The stubble and soil separation sieve 202 is at an angle of 10° with the horizontal plane. The stubble and soil separation sieve mesh 202.1 is designed as a 3*3 square centimeter hollow cylindrical drum, which can separate the rice stubble and the soil. The transmission cams 202.3 are welded at the front and rear ends of the stubble and soil separation sieve 202. The transmission cam 202.3 refers to a wheel with a groove of a certain width in the middle. A driving wheel 202.4 and three driven wheels 202.5 are engaged with the transmission cam 202.3. They are respectively installed on the lower side frame 204 of the stubble and soil separation sieve mesh 202.1 and engaged with the transmission cam 202.3. The driving wheel 202.4 and the three driven wheels 202.5 are coated with rubber to increase the friction of the transmission and can also play a role in shock absorption and buffering. The electric motor 202.2 is assembled on the frame 204 and connected to the driving wheel 202.4;

[0023] The motor 202.2 drives the rotation of the driving wheel 202.4 by reducing the speed and increasing the torque, thereby driving the rotation of the transmission cam 202.3 on the stubble and soil separation sieve 202, and the three driven wheels 202.5 rotate in cooperation; the stubble and soil separation sieve 202 can roll and screen the rice stubble and part of the soil transported by the conveying mechanism 202.1. The soil is filtered by the stubble and soil separation screen 202.1 and discharged from the stubble and soil separation sieve 202, and the rice stubble can be efficiently screened into the next unit;

[0024] The incineration unit 3 includes a collection bin 301, a spiral blade roller 302, an incinerator 303, an oil tank 304, an upper pipeline 305.1, a lower pipeline 305.2, a motor 306, and an exhaust gas purifier 307;

[0025] The collection bin 301 is connected to the stubble and soil separation sieve 202. There are three spiral blade rollers 302 at the lower part of the collection bin 301. The spiral blade rollers 302 are driven by a motor 306 assembled outside the collection bin 301, and can concentrate the rice stubble screened in by the stubble and soil separation sieve 202 to the upper pipeline 305.1 port on the right side of the collection bin 301;

[0026] The right side of the collection bin 301 is connected to the incinerator 303 through the upper pipeline 305.1. The upper part of the incinerator 303 is equipped with waste oil atomization equipment, and the side is equipped with ignition and air supply equipment. An absorption device is installed at the connection between the incinerator 303 and the upper pipeline 305.1. The lower part of the incinerator 303 is connected to the lower pipeline 305.2; the absorption device sucks the rice stubble into the incinerator 303 for full combustion;

[0027] The waste oil atomization equipment, ignition and air supply equipment, and absorption device are standard equipment on the market;

[0028] The exhaust gas purifier 307 is connected to the incinerator 303. Pure water can be assembled at the lower part of the exhaust gas purifier 307, and adsorbent substances such as activated carbon and biochar can be assembled at the upper part. The air supply equipment on the incinerator 303 continuously supplies air for the combustion of rice stubble straw, so that the pressure inside the incinerator is greater than the outside. Driven by the pressure inside the incinerator 303, the exhaust gas can be filtered by pure water and discharged into the outside. The exhaust gas generated by combustion passes through pure water filtration and adsorption of impurities by adsorbent substances such as activated carbon and biochar, which can greatly reduce the exhaust gas pollution generated by the combustion of rice stubble straw;

[0029] The left side of the collection bin 301 is equipped with an oil tank 304, and the inside is waste oil. Using waste oil for combustion assistance can achieve the effect of cost savings; waste oil refers to compliant oils such as gutter oil, frying waste oil, lubricating oil replaced by automobiles or machinery, and liquefied animal fat;

[0030] The fertilization unit 4 includes a fertilization funnel 401 and a fertilizer box 402;

[0031] The lower pipe 305.2 of the incinerator 303 faces the ground, and the plant ash generated by combustion is directly discharged from the lower pipe 305.2; the fertilizer box 402 is assembled on the left side of the collection bin 301, and the fertilizer is discharged into the soil from the fertilization funnel 401 due to gravity.

[0032] The driving and controlling traveling unit 5 includes a driver's seat 501, crawler belts 502, and a rotary tiller 503.

[0033] The driver's seat 501 controls the movement of the crawler belts 502 to manipulate the movement of the device; the structure of the rotary tiller 503 is the same as that of the rotary tiller 107.4 in the rotary tillage module 107, and it is vertically installed behind the crawler belts 502 of the device. It tills the soil as the device moves, enabling the soil flattened by the crawler belts 502 to be tilled a second time.

[0034] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0035] 1. The present invention designs a rotary tillage mechanism with a plow head type rotation. While tilling the soil, it turns the rice stubbles rooted in the soil to the upper layer of the land. By adopting a cooperative manner of multiple rotary tillage mechanisms, the rotary tillage efficiency is improved, achieving the effect of tilling the soil and removing stubbles.

[0036] 2. The dual-motor redundant drive mode adopted by the present invention is conducive to the compensation of rotational force and improves the torque of the square rotating shaft in the rotary tillage module.

[0037] 3. The combined use of the collection shovel and the V-shaped conveyor hopper in the present invention can well collect the rice stubbles and part of the soil from the ground into the device. The rotation of the stubble and soil separation sieve can not only filter out the soil but also transport the rice stubbles into the collection bin.

[0038] 4. The combustion auxiliary in the present invention is waste oil, which saves the combustion cost. The exhaust gas generated by combustion is treated by an exhaust gas purifier, which can significantly reduce air pollution. Moreover, the combustion product of the rice stubbles is plant ash containing various mineral nutrients, which can also be used for soil fertilization. Description of the Drawings

[0039] Figure 1 Overall view of a rice paddy rice stubble treatment device considering fertilization;

[0040] Figure 2 Axonometric structure diagram of the rotary tillage unit;

[0041] Figure 3 Axonometric structure diagram of the rotary tillage mechanism;

[0042] Figure 4 Axonometric structure diagram of the conveying mechanism;

[0043] Figure 5 Axonometric structure diagram of the stubble and soil separation sieve;

[0044] Figure 6External feature diagram of the incineration unit;

[0045] Figure 7 Rear view of a paddy rice stubble treatment device considering soil fertility improvement;

[0046] Figure 8 Flow chart of waste gas emission and incineration fertilization;

[0047] Figure 9 External feature diagram of the side of the driving and control traveling unit.

[0048] In the figure, each label is as follows: 1 - soil tilling unit, 101 - motor, 102 - front section frame, 103 - connecting mechanism, 104 - synchronous pulley, 105 - synchronous belt, 106 - synchronous belt fixing pulley, 107 - rotary tillage module, 107.1 - square rotating shaft, 107.2 - soil crushing harrow, 107.3 - fixing plate, 107.4 - rotary tiller, 2 - rice stubble collection and soil filtering unit, 201 - conveying mechanism, 201.1 - protective shell, 201.2 - collection shovel, 201.3 - motor, 201.4 - belt, 201.5 - rotating shaft, 201.6 - conveyor belt, 201.7 - V-shaped conveying hopper, 202 - stubble and soil separation sieve, 202.1 - stubble and soil separation sieve mesh, 202.2 - motor, 202.3 - driving cam, 202.4 - driving wheel, 202.5 - driven wheel, 203 - front section frame plate, 204 - frame, 3 - incineration unit, 301 - collection bin, 302 - spiral blade roller, 303 - incinerator, 304 - fuel tank, 305.1 - upper pipeline, 305.2 - lower pipeline, 306 - motor, 307 - waste gas purifier, 4 - fertilization unit, 401 - fertilization funnel, 402 - fertilizer box, 5 - driving and control traveling unit, 501 - driver's seat, 502 - crawler, 503 - rotary tiller. Detailed implementation manners

[0049] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0050] Embodiment: Manually drive this device to process the harvested paddy field. A large amount of rice straw in the paddy field has been processed, leaving a large amount of dry rice stubbles. The depth of the dry rice stubbles rooted in the soil is about 10 - 20 cm.

[0051] As Figures 1-7 shown, a paddy rice stubble treatment device considering soil fertility improvement is composed of five parts: a soil tilling unit 1, a rice stubble collection and soil filtering unit 2, an incineration unit 3, a fertilization unit 4, and a driving and control traveling unit 5;

[0052] First step: The driving and control traveling unit 5 pushes the device to move forward, and the soil tilling unit 1 tills the soil and turns the dry rice stubbles rooted under the soil to the upper layer of the soil;

[0053] The driving and traveling unit 5 includes a driver's seat 501, crawler belts 502, and a rotary tiller 503;

[0054] Specifically, a person sits on the driver's seat 501 to control the traveling of the device. The structure of the rotary tiller 503 is the same as that of the rotary tiller 107.4 in the rotary tilling module 107. It is vertically installed behind the crawler belts 502 of the device and tills the soil as the device moves, enabling the soil flattened by the crawler belts 502 to be tilled a second time;

[0055] The soil tilling unit 1 includes a motor 101, a front section frame 102, a connecting mechanism 103, synchronous belt pulleys 104, a synchronous belt 105, synchronous belt fixing pulleys 106, and a rotary tilling module 107;

[0056] The rotary tilling module 107 includes a square rotating shaft 107.1, soil-breaking rakes 107.2, fixing plates 107.3, and a rotary tiller 107.4;

[0057] Specifically, the three groups of square rotating shafts 107.1 are connected to the synchronous belt pulleys 104. Two motors 101 are symmetrically fixed on both sides of the front section frame 102 by bolt connections. The two motors 101 drive the two square rotating shafts 107.1 to rotate. Then, through the meshing relationship between the synchronous belt pulleys 104 and the synchronous belt 105, another synchronous belt pulley 104 is driven to rotate, and then the middle square rotating shaft 107.1 is driven to rotate. The designed dual-motor redundant drive method is more conducive to the compensation of rotational force;

[0058] Specifically, the synchronous belt fixing pulleys 106 are respectively connected to both sides of the front section frame 102 through the connecting mechanism 103. The two synchronous belt fixing pulleys 106 tightly press on the synchronous belt 105 to prevent the synchronous belt 105 from sagging;

[0059] Specifically, the rotary tillage module 107 is the general name of three groups of rotary tillage mechanisms, which operate in a coordinated and parallel manner. The rotary tillage mechanism uses a square rotating shaft 107.1 as the transmission shaft. Two soil-breaking rakes 107.2 are installed on the side close to the motor 101, and four rotary tillage plows 107.4 are installed on the side far from the motor 101. The soil-breaking rakes 107.2 and the square rotating shaft 107.1, as well as the rotary tillage plows 107.4 and the square rotating shaft 107.1, are bolted together through fixing plates 107.3. Among them, the two soil-breaking rakes 107.2 are symmetrically distributed with an angular difference of 180°, and the phases of the four rotary tillage plows 107.4 differ by 90° in sequence from the side far from the motor 101 to the side close to the motor 101, that is, 0°, 90°, 180°, 270°. The angle setting of the rotary tillage plows 107.4 is coordinated with the forward movement of the device, which can concentrate the torque generated by rotation and the downward pressure on the rotary tillage plows 107.4, resulting in a better effect of breaking soil and digging out stubble. At the same time, during the rotary tillage process, the soil can be evenly stirred to avoid over-rotary tillage of local soil. The soil-breaking rakes 107.2 can loosen and separate the rice stubble and soil;

[0060] Specifically, there are also differences between the three groups of rotary tillage mechanisms. The phases of the square rotating shafts 107.1 at both ends lag behind the phase of the square rotating shaft 107.1 in the middle by 90°, that is, 0°, 90°, 0°, and appropriate distances are set for the three groups of square rotating shafts 107.1. The transformation of angles and the control of distances can effectively prevent the formation of soil ridges in the rotary tilled soil and avoid the situation where some rice stubble cannot be processed;

[0061] In the second step, the rice stubble collection and soil filtering unit 2 uses the conveying mechanism 201 to collect and lift the rice stubble and part of the soil upward, and the stubble and soil separation sieve 202 performs rolling screening on the rice stubble and part of the soil transported by the conveying mechanism 201. The soil is filtered out of the stubble and soil separation sieve 202 through the stubble and soil separation sieve mesh 202.1, and the rice stubble can be efficiently screened into the next unit;

[0062] The rice stubble collection and soil filtering unit 2 includes a conveying mechanism 201, a stubble and soil separation sieve 202, a front-section frame plate 203, and a frame 204;

[0063] The conveying mechanism 201 includes a protective shell 201.1, a collection shovel 201.2, a motor 201.3, a belt 201.4, a rotating shaft 201.5, a conveyor belt 201.6, and a V-shaped conveying hopper 201.7;

[0064] The stubble and soil separation sieve 202 includes a stubble and soil separation sieve mesh 202.1, a motor 202.2, a transmission cam 202.3, a driving wheel 202.4, and a driven wheel 202.5;

[0065] Specifically, the rice stubble collection and soil filtering unit 2 includes two groups of conveying mechanisms 201 and two groups of stubble and soil separation sieves 202;

[0066] Specifically, the conveying mechanism 201 is welded at an angle of 60° with the ground in the middle of the front frame plate 203. The protective shell can protect the inside of the conveying mechanism 201 from rain erosion. The lower part of the protective shell 201.1 of the conveying mechanism 201 is connected to the collecting shovel 201.2. The width of the collecting shovel 201.2 is half of the width of the whole machine. Thus, the rice stubble and part of the soil on the surface of the soil layer after plowing by the rotary tiller 107.4 can be shoveled into the conveying mechanism 201. An electric motor 201.3 is installed at the upper end of the conveying mechanism 201. The electric motor 201.3 is connected to the upper rotating shaft 201.5 through a belt 201.4. The lower rotating shaft 201.5 is a driven shaft. A conveyor belt 201.6 is wrapped around the two rotating shafts 201.5. A V-shaped conveying hopper 201.7 is assembled on the conveyor belt 201.6.

[0067] Specifically, the electric motor 201.3 drives the upper rotating shaft 201.5 to rotate by reducing the speed and increasing the torque, thereby driving the entire conveyor belt 201.6 to operate. Through the V-shaped conveying hopper 201.7 on the conveyor belt 201.6, the rice stubble and part of the soil collected by the collecting shovel 201.2 can be collected and lifted upward and transmitted to the stubble-soil separation screen 202.

[0068] Specifically, the stubble-soil separation screen 202 is at an angle of 10° with the horizontal plane. The stubble-soil separation screen mesh 202.1 adopts a 3*3 square centimeter hollow cylindrical drum design, which can separate the rice stubble and the soil. Transmission cam wheels 202.3 are welded at the front and rear ends of the stubble-soil separation screen 202. The transmission cam wheel 202.3 refers to a wheel with a groove of a certain width in the middle. A driving wheel 202.4 and three driven wheels 202.5 are matched with the transmission cam wheel 202.3. They are respectively installed on the lower side frame 204 of the stubble-soil separation screen mesh 202.1 and meshed with the transmission cam wheel 202.3. The one driving wheel 202.4 and the three driven wheels 202.5 are all coated with rubber to increase the friction of the transmission and can also play a role in shock absorption and buffering. The electric motor 202.2 is assembled on the frame 204 and connected to the driving wheel 202.4.

[0069] Specifically, the electric motor 202.2 drives the driving wheel 202.4 to rotate by reducing the speed and increasing the torque, thereby driving the transmission cam wheel 202.3 on the stubble-soil separation screen 202 to rotate, and the three driven wheels 202.5 rotate in cooperation. Through the stubble-soil separation screen 202, the rice stubble and part of the soil transported by the conveying mechanism 201 can be rolled and screened. The soil is filtered by the stubble-soil separation screen mesh 202.1 and discharged from the stubble-soil separation screen 202, and the rice stubble can be efficiently screened into the next unit.

[0070] The third step: The incineration unit 3 efficiently incinerates the rice stubble.

[0071] The incineration unit 3 includes a collection bin 301, a spiral blade roller 302, an incinerator 303, an oil tank 304, an upper pipeline 305.1, a lower pipeline 305.2, a motor 306, and an exhaust gas purifier 307;

[0072] Specifically, the collection bin 301 is connected to the stubble and soil separation sieve 202. There are three spiral blade rollers 302 at the lower part of the collection bin 301. The spiral blade rollers 302 are driven by a motor 306 assembled outside the collection bin 301, and can concentrate the rice stubble screened in by the stubble and soil separation sieve 202 to the mouth of the upper pipeline 305.1 on the right side of the collection bin 301;

[0073] Specifically, the right side of the collection bin 301 is connected to the incinerator 303 through the upper pipeline 305.1. The upper part of the incinerator 303 is equipped with waste oil atomization equipment, and the side is equipped with ignition and air supply equipment. An absorption device is installed at the connection between the incinerator 303 and the upper pipeline 305.1. The lower part of the incinerator 303 is connected to the lower pipeline 305.2; the absorption device sucks the rice stubble into the incinerator 303 for full combustion;

[0074] Specifically, the waste oil atomization equipment, ignition and air supply equipment, and absorption device are standard equipment on the market;

[0075] Specifically, the exhaust gas purifier 307 is connected to the incinerator 303. Pure water can be assembled at the lower part of the exhaust gas purifier 307, and adsorbent substances such as activated carbon and biochar can be assembled at the upper part. The air supply equipment on the incinerator 303 continuously supplies air for the combustion of rice stubble straw, so that the pressure inside the incinerator is greater than the outside. Driven by the pressure inside the incinerator 303, the exhaust gas can be filtered by pure water and discharged into the outside. The exhaust gas generated by combustion is filtered by pure water and the impurities are adsorbed by adsorbent substances such as activated carbon and biochar, which can greatly reduce the exhaust gas pollution generated by the combustion of rice stubble straw;

[0076] Specifically, an oil tank 304 is assembled on the left side of the collection bin 301, and the inside is waste oil. Using waste oil for combustion assistance can achieve the effect of cost savings; waste oil refers to compliant oils such as gutter oil, frying waste oil, lubricating oil replaced by automobiles or machinery, and liquefied animal fat;

[0077] Step 4: The fertilization unit 4 fertilizes the cultivated soil;

[0078] The fertilization unit 4 includes a fertilization funnel 401 and a fertilizer box 402;

[0079] Specifically, the lower pipeline 305.2 of the incinerator 303 faces the ground, and the generated plant ash is directly discharged from the lower pipeline 305.2; the fertilizer box 402 is assembled on the left side of the collection bin 301, and the fertilizer is discharged into the soil from the fertilization funnel 401 due to gravity;

[0080] Step 5: After the operation is completed, the device exits the paddy field;

[0081] The specific embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention within the scope of knowledge possessed by those of ordinary skill in the art.

Claims

1. A rice field stubble treatment device for fertilization, characterized in that: It comprises a soil tillage unit (1), a rice stubble collection and soil filtering unit (2), a burning unit (3), a fertilization unit (4), and a driving and moving unit (5); The tillage unit (1) is located at the front of the device, the rice stubble collecting and filtering unit (2) is located at the front of the device, the driving and controlling traveling unit (5) is located in the middle of the device, the burning unit (3) is located on the right side of the driving and controlling traveling unit (5), and the fertilizing unit (4) is located at the rear and lower part of the device; The fertilization unit (4) is characterized by comprising a fertilization funnel (401) and a fertilizer box (402); The fertilizer hopper (401) is installed at the lower rear of the device, and the fertilizer box (402) is installed on the left side of the collection bin (301); The driving and traveling unit (5) is characterized by comprising a driving position (501), a crawler track (502), and a rotary plow (503); The driving position (501) is located behind the collecting bin (301), and the rotary plow (503) is vertically installed behind the crawler track (502) of the device.

2. The soil cultivating unit (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that: It comprises a motor (101), a front frame (102), a connecting mechanism (103), a synchronous pulley (104), a synchronous belt (105), a synchronous belt fixing wheel (106), and a rotary tillage module (107); The rotary tillage module (107) comprises a square rotating shaft (107.1), a soil breaking rake (107.2), a fixing plate (107.3), and a rotary tillage plow (107.4); The two motors (101) are respectively connected to the two sides of the front frame (102) in a bolted manner, the synchronous pulley (104) and the synchronous belt (105) are meshed with each other, the synchronous belt fixing wheel (106) is respectively connected to the two sides of the front frame (102) through a connecting mechanism (103), the two synchronous belt fixing wheels (106) are tightly pressed on the synchronous belt (105), three groups of square rotating shafts (107.1) are connected to the synchronous pulley (104), the square rotating shafts (107.1) are used as transmission shafts, two soil breaking rakes (107.2) are installed on the side close to the motor (101), and four rotary plows (107.4) are installed on the side away from the motor (101), and the soil breaking rake (107.2) is installed on the side close to the motor (101). The rotary tillage plow (107.4) and the square rotating shaft (107.1) are all connected by bolts via a fixing plate (107.3), wherein the two soil breaking rakes (107.2) are symmetrically distributed with an angle difference of 180°, the phases of the four rotary tillage plows (107.4) are 90° apart from the side far from the motor (101) to the side close to the motor (101), i.e., 0°, 90°, 180°, 270°, respectively, the phases of the square rotating shafts (107.1) at both ends lag behind the phases of the square rotating shaft (107.1) in the middle by 90°, i.e., 0°, 90°, 0°, and the three groups of square rotating shafts (107.1) are set at appropriate intervals.

3. The rice stubble collecting and soil filtering unit (2) according to claim 1, characterized in that: It comprises a conveying mechanism (201), a stubble soil separation screen (202), a front frame plate (203), and a frame (204); The rice stubble collecting and soil filtering unit (2) comprises two sets of conveying mechanisms (201) and two sets of stubble soil separation screens (202); The conveying mechanism (201) comprises a protective shell (201.1), a collecting shovel (201.2), a motor (201.3), a belt (201.4), a rotating shaft (201.5), a conveyor belt (201.6), and a V-shaped conveying bucket (201.7); The conveying mechanism (201) is welded in the middle of the front frame plate (203) at an angle of 60° with the ground. The lower part of the protective shell (201.1) of the conveying mechanism (201) is connected to the collecting shovel (201.2). The width of the collecting shovel (201.2) is half the width of the whole machine. The upper end of the conveying mechanism (201) is equipped with a motor (201.3). The motor (201.3) is connected to the rotating shaft (201.5) at the upper end through a belt (201.4). The rotating shaft (201.5) at the lower end is a driven shaft. The two rotating shafts (201.5) are wrapped with a conveyor belt (201.6). The conveyor belt (201.6) is equipped with a V-shaped conveying bucket (201.7). The stubble soil separation screen (202) comprises a stubble soil separation screen (202.1), a motor (202.2), a transmission cam (202.3), a driving wheel (202.4), and a driven wheel (202.5); The stubble separation screen (202) is at an angle of 10° to the horizontal plane. Transmission cam wheels (202.3) are welded to the front and rear ends of the stubble separation screen (202). A driving wheel (202.4) and three driven wheels (202.5) cooperate with the transmission cam wheel (202.3). The driving wheels (202.4) and three driven wheels (202.5) are respectively mounted on a frame (204) below the side of the stubble separation screen (202.1) and mesh with the transmission cam wheel (202.3).

4. The incineration unit (3) according to claim 1, characterized in that: It includes a collecting bin (301), a spiral blade roller (302), an incinerator (303), an oil tank (304), an upper pipeline (305.1), a lower pipeline (305.2), a motor (306), and an exhaust gas purifier (307); The collecting bin (301) is connected to the stubble separation screen (202). The lower part of the collecting bin (301) is three spiral blade rollers (302). The spiral blade rollers (302) are connected to the motor (306) outside the collecting bin (301). The right side of the collecting bin (301) is connected to the incinerator (303) through the upper pipeline (305.1). The upper part of the incinerator (303) is equipped with a waste oil atomization device, and the side is equipped with an ignition and air supply device. The incinerator (303) is connected to the waste gas purifier (307). The connection between the incinerator (303) and the upper pipeline (305.1) is equipped with an absorption device. The lower part of the incinerator (303) is connected to the lower pipeline (305.2). The lower pipeline (305.2) of the incinerator (303) faces the ground. The left side of the collecting bin (301) is equipped with an oil tank (304).

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