Soybean straw returning method and device for cassava and soybean intercropping planting

Abstract

The invention discloses a soybean straw returning method and device for cassava and soybean intercropping planting, and relates to the technical field of crop planting, the soybean straw returning device comprises a U-shaped frame, the top of the U-shaped frame is fixedly connected with a navigation bridge, when working is conducted on large ridges, the U-shaped frame is placed on the top of one large ridge, the U-shaped frame conducts treatment work on the large ridge, and therefore the large ridge can be subjected to straw returning; a first double-shaft motor controls first cutting blades on the left side and the right side to cut soybean straw, the straw falls into a first storage frame, four rows of soybean straw can be cut at the same time, when working is conducted on small ridges, a U-shaped frame is placed at the tops of the two small ridges, the U-shaped frame treats the two small ridges, and the two small ridges can be separated from each other. The fixed disc, the vertical rod and the movable cylinder are installed at the top of an inner cavity of the U-shaped frame, the position of the second double-shaft motor is adjusted by moving the movable cylinder up and down, the first double-shaft motor and the second double-shaft motor work at the same time, and six rows of soybean straw can be cut.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of crop planting, and particularly to a method and device for returning soybean straw to the field in a cassava-soybean intercropping system. Background Art

[0002] The cassava-soybean intercropping model is an efficient agricultural planting method that combines the growth characteristics of cassava and soybeans, achieving the full utilization of land resources and the increase of crop yields. In the process of mechanized cassava planting and harvesting, ridge planting is an inevitable trend. Usually, cassava is planted in ridges. In the prior art, it is not convenient to plant soybeans and cassava in the same soil ridge. The growth rates of soybeans and cassava are different, and it is not convenient to separately cut the mature soybean straw. At the same time, it is not convenient to separately process large ridges and small ridges, reducing the applicable range of the device. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Aiming at the above-mentioned shortcomings existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method and device for returning soybean straw to the field in a cassava-soybean intercropping system.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A method for returning soybean straw to the field in a cassava-soybean intercropping system, comprising the following steps:

[0005] Step 1: The cassava-soybean intercropping model is an efficient agricultural planting method that combines the growth characteristics of cassava and soybeans, achieving the full utilization of land resources and the increase of crop yields;

[0006] Step 2: Cassava has a long growth cycle and grows slowly in the early stage, while soybeans have a short growth cycle and grow fast. Through intercropping, in the early stage of cassava growth, soybeans are planted in the space between cassava rows, thereby improving land utilization. The growth of cassava and soybeans does not interfere with each other, and the rhizobia in the roots of soybeans can fix nitrogen in the air for cassava to absorb and utilize, reducing fertilizer input and production costs;

[0007] Step 3: The coverage of soybean stems and leaves can, to a certain extent, inhibit weed growth and reduce soil water evaporation, creating a good environment for cassava growth and helping to increase cassava yields. Soybeans themselves are also an important food crop and cash crop, and the improvement of their yields and quality can also bring additional income to farmers. As a leguminous crop, after the soybean straw is returned to the field, it can release nutrients such as nitrogen, supplement organic matter and nutrients to the soil, help improve soil structure, and enhance soil fertility and water and fertilizer retention capacity;

[0008] Step 4: Combining Steps 1 to 3, it can be known that cassava and soybeans are planted on the same ridge. Cassava is planted in the middle of the ridge, and soybeans are planted on both sides of the ridge. Soybeans mature faster than cassava. The soybean straw is cut by the cutting mechanism, and the cassava is not cut. When targeting a large ridge, the device is placed on the top of a large ridge. When targeting a small ridge, the device is placed on the top of two small ridges.

[0009] The present invention also provides another technical solution: A soybean straw returning device for intercropping of cassava and soybeans, including a U-shaped frame. A driving platform is fixedly connected to the top of the U-shaped frame. Two grooves are respectively opened near the left and right sides at the bottom of the U-shaped frame. Rollers are inserted into the grooves. Through holes are respectively opened near the bottom on the left and right sides of the U-shaped frame. A first double-shaft motor is fixedly connected in the through holes. Both ends of the power output shaft of the first double-shaft motor are fixedly connected with first transmission rods. Four first cutting blades are fixedly connected to the outer edges of the first transmission rods.

[0010] Preferably, a fixed disk is closely arranged at the center of the inner cavity top of the U-shaped frame. First threaded holes are respectively opened on the left and right sides of the inner cavity of the fixed disk. Two second threaded holes are respectively opened on the inner cavity top of the U-shaped frame. Adjacent first threaded holes and second threaded holes are commonly threadedly connected with bolts. A vertical rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixed disk. A movable cylinder is sleeved on the outer edge of the vertical rod.

[0011] Preferably, a fixing plate is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the movable cylinder. A fixed column is fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixing plate. A second double-shaft motor is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the fixed column. Both ends of the power output shaft of the second double-shaft motor are fixedly connected with second transmission rods. Four second cutting blades are fixedly connected to the outer edges of the second transmission rods.

[0012] Preferably, connection holes are respectively opened near the left and right sides on the front side of the U-shaped frame. First L-shaped rods penetrate through the connection holes. First storage frames are arranged on the front sides of the first transmission rods. A first Y-shaped rod is commonly fixedly connected to the tops near the front sides of adjacent two first storage frames. The top end of the first Y-shaped rod is fixedly connected to one end of the adjacent first L-shaped rod. Third threaded holes are respectively opened at the ends of the first L-shaped rods far from the first Y-shaped rod. First threaded rods are threadedly connected in the third threaded holes. First limiting disks are fixedly connected to the rear ends of the first threaded rods.

[0013] Preferably, a plurality of first limiting holes are formed in the vertical rod, second limiting holes are formed in the front and rear sides of the movable cylinder near the top, a second L-shaped rod is commonly penetrated through the inner cavities of the adjacent first limiting holes and the two second limiting holes, second storage frames are arranged on the front sides of the second transmission rods, a second Y-shaped rod is fixedly connected to the tops of the adjacent two second storage frames near the front side, the top end of the second Y-shaped rod is fixedly connected to one end of the adjacent second L-shaped rod, fourth threaded holes are formed in the ends of the second L-shaped rods far away from the second Y-shaped rod, second threaded rods are threadedly connected in the fourth threaded holes, and second limiting discs are fixedly connected to the rear ends of the second threaded rods.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0015] Through the mutual cooperation among structures such as the U-shaped frame, the first double-shaft motor, the second double-shaft motor, and the first storage frame, when working on large ridges, the U-shaped frame is placed on the top of one large ridge, the U-shaped frame processes one large ridge, the first double-shaft motor controls the first cutting blades on the left and right sides to cut the soybean straws, and the straws fall into the first storage frame, and four rows of soybean straws can be cut and processed at the same time. When working on small ridges, the U-shaped frame is placed on the tops of two small ridges, the U-shaped frame processes the two small ridges, the fixed disc, the vertical rod, and the movable cylinder are installed on the top of the inner cavity of the U-shaped frame, the position of the second double-shaft motor is adjusted by moving the movable cylinder up and down, and the first double-shaft motor and the second double-shaft motor work simultaneously, and six rows of soybean straws can be cut and processed. Description of the Drawings

[0016] Figure 1 It is a front view cross-sectional view of the present invention when working on small ridges;

[0017] Figure 2 It is a front view of the present invention when working on small ridges;

[0018] Figure 3 It is a rear view of the present invention when working on large ridges;

[0019] Figure 4 It is a left view cross-sectional view of the first storage frame of the components of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 5 It is a left view cross-sectional view of the second storage frame of the components of the present invention.

[0021] Reference numerals in the figure: 1, U-shaped frame; 2, driver's cab; 3, roller; 4, first double-shaft motor; 5, first transmission rod; 6, first cutting blade; 7, fixed disk; 8, bolt; 9, vertical rod; 10, movable cylinder; 11, fixed plate; 12, fixed column; 13, second double-shaft motor; 14, second transmission rod; 15, second cutting blade; 16, first L-shaped rod; 17, first Y-shaped rod; 18, first storage box; 19, second L-shaped rod; 20, second Y-shaped rod; 21, second storage box; 22, first threaded rod; 23, first limiting disk; 24, second limiting disk; 25, second threaded rod. Detailed implementation mode

[0022] Please refer to Figures 1-5 , the present invention provides a technical solution:

[0023] Example 1:

[0024] A method for returning soybean straw to the field in the intercropping of cassava and soybeans includes the following steps:

[0025] Step 1: The cassava-soybean intercropping mode is an efficient agricultural planting method that combines the growth characteristics of cassava and soybeans, realizing the full utilization of land resources and the improvement of crop yields;

[0026] Step 2: Cassava has a long growth cycle and grows slowly in the early stage, while soybeans have a short growth cycle and grow fast. Through intercropping, soybeans are planted in the space between cassava rows in the early stage of cassava growth, thereby improving land utilization. The growth of cassava and soybeans does not interfere with each other, and the rhizobia in the roots of soybeans can fix nitrogen in the air for cassava to absorb and utilize, reducing fertilizer input and production costs;

[0027] Step 3: The coverage of soybean stems and leaves can, to a certain extent, inhibit weed growth, reduce soil moisture evaporation, create a good environment for the growth of cassava, and help improve the yield of cassava. Soybeans themselves are also an important food crop and cash crop, and the improvement of their yield and quality can also bring additional income to farmers; as a leguminous crop, after the soybean straw is returned to the field, it can release nutrients such as nitrogen, supplement organic matter and nutrients to the soil, help improve soil structure, and enhance soil fertility and water and fertilizer retention capacity;

[0028] Step 4: Combining Steps 1 to 3, it can be seen that cassava and soybeans are planted on the same ridge, with cassava planted in the middle of the ridge and soybeans planted on both sides of the ridge. Soybeans mature faster than cassava. The soybean straw is cut by a cutting mechanism without cutting the cassava. When targeting a large ridge, the device is placed on the top of a large ridge, and when targeting a small ridge, the device is placed on the tops of two small ridges.

[0029] Example 2:

[0030] A soybean straw returning device for intercropping of cassava and soybeans, comprising a U-shaped frame 1. A driver's cab 2 is fixedly connected to the top of the U-shaped frame 1. Two grooves are respectively formed at the bottom of the U-shaped frame 1 near the left and right sides, and roller 3 is inserted into each groove. Through holes are respectively formed at the bottom of the left and right sides of the U-shaped frame 1, and a first double-shaft motor 4 is fixedly connected in each through hole. Both ends of the power output shaft of the first double-shaft motor 4 are fixedly connected with a first transmission rod 5, and four first cutting blades 6 are fixedly connected to the outer edge of each first transmission rod 5. A fixed disk 7 is closely arranged at the center of the inner cavity top of the U-shaped frame 1. First threaded holes are respectively formed at the left and right sides of the inner cavity of the fixed disk 7, and two second threaded holes are respectively formed at the top of the inner cavity of the U-shaped frame 1. A bolt 8 is commonly threadedly connected in the adjacent first threaded hole and second threaded hole. A vertical rod 9 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixed disk 7, and a movable cylinder 10 is sleeved on the outer edge of the vertical rod 9;

[0031] The bottom end of the movable cylinder 10 is fixedly connected with a fixed plate 11, the bottom of the fixed plate 11 is fixedly connected with a fixed column 12, the bottom end of the fixed column 12 is fixedly connected with a second double-shaft motor 13. Both ends of the power output shaft of the second double-shaft motor 13 are fixedly connected with a second transmission rod 14, and four second cutting blades 15 are fixedly connected to the outer edge of each second transmission rod 14. Connecting holes are respectively formed at the front side of the U-shaped frame 1 near the left and right sides, and a first L-shaped rod 16 is respectively arranged through each connecting hole. First storage frames 18 are respectively arranged at the front side of each first transmission rod 5. A first Y-shaped rod 17 is commonly fixedly connected to the top of the adjacent two first storage frames 18 near the front side, and the top end of the first Y-shaped rod 17 is fixedly connected to one end of the adjacent first L-shaped rod 16. Third threaded holes are respectively formed at the end of the first L-shaped rod 16 away from the first Y-shaped rod 17, and a first threaded rod 22 is threadedly connected in each third threaded hole. A first limiting disk 23 is fixedly connected to the rear end of the first threaded rod 22. A number of first limiting holes are formed on the vertical rod 9, and second limiting holes are respectively formed at the front and rear sides of the movable cylinder 10 near the top. A second L-shaped rod 19 is commonly arranged through the adjacent first limiting hole and the inner cavities of the two second limiting holes. Second storage frames 21 are respectively arranged at the front side of each second transmission rod 14. A second Y-shaped rod 20 is commonly fixedly connected to the top of the adjacent two second storage frames 21 near the front side, and the top end of the second Y-shaped rod 20 is fixedly connected to one end of the adjacent second L-shaped rod 19. Fourth threaded holes are respectively formed at the end of the second L-shaped rod 19 away from the second Y-shaped rod 20, and a second threaded rod 25 is threadedly connected in each fourth threaded hole. A second limiting disk 24 is fixedly connected to the rear end of the second threaded rod 25.

[0032] Working principle: Cassava is planted in the middle of a row of ridges, and soybeans are planted on both the left and right sides. Since soybeans mature faster than cassava, when cutting the soybean straw, the operator sits on the driver's cab 2 and controls the U-shaped frame 1 to move through the roller 3. If the U-shaped frame 1 is above the large ridge, only one large ridge can exist below the U-shaped frame 1. Start the first double-shaft motor 4, and the first double-shaft motor 4 drives the first transmission rod 5 to rotate. The first transmission rod 5 drives the first cutting blade 6 to rotate, and the first cutting blade 6 cuts the soybean straw on both the left and right sides of the adjacent large ridge. A total of four rows of soybean straw are cut at the large ridge, and the cut straw enters the first storage box 18. If the U-shaped frame 1 is above the small ridge, two small ridges exist below the U-shaped frame 1. Install the fixed disk 7 at the bottom of the inner cavity of the U-shaped frame 1 through the bolt 8. Move the movable cylinder 10 up and down, and the movable cylinder 10 drives the second double-shaft motor 13 to move up and down through the fixed plate 11 and the fixed column 12. Then take the second L-shaped rod 19, and pass one end of the second L-shaped rod 19 through the movable cylinder 10 and the vertical rod 9 to limit the movable cylinder 10. Start the first double-shaft motor 4 and the second double-shaft motor 13. The first double-shaft motor 4 drives the first transmission rod 5 to rotate, and the first transmission rod 5 drives the first cutting blade 6 to rotate. The second double-shaft motor 13 drives the second transmission rod 14 to rotate, and the second transmission rod 14 drives the second cutting blade 15 to rotate. The first cutting blade 6 and the second cutting blade 15 cut the adjacent soybean straw, and the soybean straw will enter the adjacent first storage box 18 and the second storage box 21. When working on the small ridge, a total of six rows of soybean straw are cut at the small ridge; when the work is finished and the first storage box 18 and the second storage box 21 need to be disassembled, rotate the first limit disk 23 and the second limit disk 24. The first limit disk 23 and the second limit disk 24 drive the adjacent first threaded rod 22 and the second threaded rod 25 to rotate, and take out the first threaded rod 22 and the second threaded rod 25 from the adjacent first L-shaped rod 16 and the second L-shaped rod 19, and then the first L-shaped rod 16 and the second L-shaped rod 19 can be taken out from the U-shaped frame 1 and the vertical rod 9 respectively.

Claims

1. A method for returning soybean straw to the field in intercropping of cassava and soybean, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Cassava-soybean intercropping is an efficient agricultural planting method that combines the growth characteristics of cassava and soybean, achieving full utilization of land resources and increasing crop yields; Step 2: Cassava has a long growth cycle and grows slowly in the early stage, while soybean has a short growth cycle and grows fast. Through intercropping, soybeans are planted in the space between cassava rows in the early stage of cassava growth, thereby improving land utilization. The growth of cassava and soybeans does not interfere with each other, and the root nodules in the root system of soybeans can fix nitrogen in the air for cassava to absorb and utilize, reducing fertilizer input and reducing production costs; Step 3: Covering the stems and leaves of soybeans can inhibit the growth of weeds to a certain extent, reduce the volatilization of soil moisture, create a good environment for the growth of cassava, and help increase the yield of cassava. Soybeans are also an important food crop and cash crop. The improvement of their yield and quality can also bring additional income to farmers. As a leguminous crop, soybeans can release nutrients such as nitrogen after returning their straw to the field, replenishing organic matter and nutrients to the soil, helping to improve soil structure and increase soil fertility and water and fertilizer retention capacity. Step 4: Combining steps 1 to 3, it can be seen that cassava and soybeans are planted on the same ridge, with cassava planted in the middle of the ridge and soybeans planted on both sides of the ridge. Soybeans mature faster than cassava. The soybean straw is cut by the cutting mechanism, and the cassava is not cut. When targeting a large ridge, the device is placed on the top of a large ridge, and when targeting a small ridge, the device is placed on the top of two small ridges.

2. A soybean straw returning device for intercropping cassava and soybean, comprising a U-shaped frame (1), characterized in that: The top of the U-shaped frame (1) is fixedly connected to a driving platform (2); the bottom of the U-shaped frame (1) is provided with two grooves near the left and right sides, and rollers (3) are inserted into the grooves; the left and right sides of the U-shaped frame (1) are provided with through holes near the bottom, and a first double-axis motor (4) is fixedly connected in the through holes; both ends of the power output shaft of the first double-axis motor (4) are fixedly connected to a first transmission rod (5), and the outer edges of the first transmission rod (5) are fixedly connected to four first cutting blades (6).

3. The soybean straw returning device for intercropping cassava and soybean according to claim 2, characterized in that: A fixing plate (7) is fitted at the center of the top of the inner cavity of the U-shaped frame (1), first threaded holes are provided on both left and right sides of the inner cavity of the fixing plate (7), two second threaded holes are provided on the top of the inner cavity of the U-shaped frame (1), bolts (8) are threadedly connected in adjacent first threaded holes and second threaded holes, a vertical rod (9) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixing plate (7), and a movable cylinder (10) is sleeved on the outer edge of the vertical rod (9).

4. The soybean straw returning device for intercropping cassava and soybean according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bottom end of the movable cylinder (10) is fixedly connected to a fixing plate (11), the bottom of the fixing plate (11) is fixedly connected to a fixing column (12), the bottom end of the fixing column (12) is fixedly connected to a second dual-axis motor (13), both ends of the power output shaft of the second dual-axis motor (13) are fixedly connected to a second transmission rod (14), and the outer edges of the second transmission rod (14) are fixedly connected to four second cutting blades (15).

5. The soybean straw returning device for intercropping cassava and soybean according to claim 2, characterized in that: The U-shaped frame (1) is provided with connection holes at the front side near the left and right sides, and the first L-shaped rod (16) is penetrated in the connection holes. The first transmission rod (5) is provided with a first receiving frame (18) at the front side. The tops of two adjacent first receiving frames (18) are fixedly connected with a first Y-shaped rod (17) near the front side. The top of the first Y-shaped rod (17) is fixedly connected to one end of the adjacent first L-shaped rod (16). The end of the first L-shaped rod (16) away from the first Y-shaped rod (17) is provided with a third threaded hole, and the first threaded rod (22) is threadedly connected in the third threaded hole. The first threaded rod (22) is fixedly connected with a first limiting plate (23) at the rear end.

6. The soybean straw returning device for intercropping cassava and soybean according to claim 3, characterized in that: The vertical rod (9) is provided with a plurality of first limiting holes, and the movable cylinder (10) is provided with second limiting holes at both the front and rear sides near the top, and a second L-shaped rod (19) is penetrated through the inner cavities of the adjacent first limiting holes and the two second limiting holes, and a second receiving frame (21) is provided at the front side of the second transmission rod (14), and a second Y-shaped rod (20) is fixedly connected to the top of the two adjacent second receiving frames (21) near the front side, and the top of the second Y-shaped rod (20) is fixedly connected to one end of the adjacent second L-shaped rod (19), and a fourth threaded hole is provided at one end of the second L-shaped rod (19) away from the second Y-shaped rod (20), and a second threaded rod (25) is threadedly connected in the fourth threaded hole, and a second limiting plate (24) is fixedly connected to the rear end of the second threaded rod (25).

Images