Application of 6-hydroxynicotinic acid in prevention and treatment of Orobanche coerulescens and improvement of aboveground biomass of plants
By using 6-hydroxyniacin to inhibit the formation and seed germination of Guaret, the harm problem of Guaret to crops was solved, and effective prevention and control of Guaret and improvement of plant biomass was achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510225571.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-02-27
- Publication Date
- 2025-05-30
AI Technical Summary
As a root parasitic weed, Gualie Ding has serious harm to crops. The existing prevention and control measures have high costs, great environmental impact and unsatisfactory results.
6-hydroxyniacin is used to prevent and control the plant by inhibiting the formation and development of the seeds, inhibiting the germination of seeds, weakening the parasitic ability of the plant, and increasing the above-ground biomass.
Effectively prevent and control parasites, reduce the harm to crops, increase plant height and aboveground biomass, and will not cause medicinal damage to host plants.
Smart Images
Figure CN120052357A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of parasitic plant control, and particularly to the application of 6-hydroxy nicotinic acid in controlling Orobanche aegyptiaca and increasing the aboveground biomass of plants. Background Art
[0002] Parasitic plants are harmful weeds in agriculture, causing huge economic losses to global agriculture every year. Orobanche aegyptiaca Pers. belongs to the root holoparasitic weeds of the Orobanchaceae family, and harms many important crops such as tomatoes, sunflowers, melons, etc. Orobanche aegyptiaca relies on sensing the signals secreted by the roots of host plants to initiate germination to form haustoria, establish a physical connection with the host plant, and finally complete the entire life cycle. Among them, Orobanche aegyptiaca relies on sensing strigolactones secreted by the host to initiate germination, and after germination, it senses haustorium-inducing factors to initiate haustorium development. Orobanche aegyptiaca lacks chlorophyll and must rely on host plants to complete its life cycle. Orobanche aegyptiaca parasitizes the roots of crops through haustoria, and thus plunders a large amount of water, nutrients and photosynthetic products from the host, resulting in poor crop development and a sharp drop in yield. Many cash crops are deeply harmed by it.
[0003] Traditional control measures still have limitations: Early plant quarantine can only prevent the harm of Orobanche aegyptiaca in areas where it has not occurred by cutting off the transmission route; when a small amount of Orobanche aegyptiaca parasitizes crops, manual removal measures can be adopted, but when crops are severely parasitized by Orobanche aegyptiaca, this measure has a high control cost and is not suitable for adoption. At the same time, because Orobanche aegyptiaca parasitizes on the roots of the host, manual removal is also likely to cause damage to the roots of the host; Using biological agents to control Orobanche aegyptiaca will be restricted by environmental conditions; Inducing the germination of Orobanche aegyptiaca seeds can be divided into two types. One is that the host induces the germination of Orobanche aegyptiaca seeds, and then destroys Orobanche aegyptiaca to prevent it from flowering and fruiting. The other is to use non-host crops that can induce the germination of Orobanche aegyptiaca, which can induce the germination of Orobanche aegyptiaca but cannot parasitize, so that Orobanche aegyptiaca cannot normally flower and fruit. This measure can play a certain role in controlling Orobanche aegyptiaca in agricultural production, but it will consume a large amount of manpower and material resources; The application of chemical agents needs to consider the safety of host plants, and incorrect application may cause new environmental pollution problems. Summary of the Invention
[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides the application of 6-hydroxy nicotinic acid in controlling Orobanche aegyptiaca and / or increasing the aboveground biomass of plants. The present invention discovers that 6-hydroxy nicotinic acid can not only inhibit the formation and development of Orobanche aegyptiaca haustoria, but also inhibit the germination of Orobanche aegyptiaca seeds, weaken the parasitic ability of Orobanche aegyptiaca, and the application of 6-hydroxy nicotinic acid will not cause phytotoxicity to host plants, providing a new path for controlling Orobanche aegyptiaca in agricultural production.
[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
[0006] The present invention provides the use of 6 - hydroxy nicotinic acid in preventing and controlling Orobanche aegyptiaca and / or increasing the above - ground biomass of plants not parasitized by Orobanche aegyptiaca.
[0007] Preferably, the prevention and control of Orobanche aegyptiaca includes one or more of 1) - 5): 1) inhibiting the formation and / or development of the haustorium of Orobanche aegyptiaca; 2) inhibiting the germination of Orobanche aegyptiaca seeds; 3) reducing the number of Orobanche aegyptiaca parasitisms; 4) increasing the plant height of plants parasitized by Orobanche aegyptiaca; 5) increasing the above - ground biomass of plants parasitized by Orobanche aegyptiaca.
[0008] Preferably, the effective concentration of the 6 - hydroxy nicotinic acid ≥ 1 mM.
[0009] Preferably, the plant includes melon.
[0010] The present invention provides a reagent for preventing and controlling Orobanche aegyptiaca, and the active ingredient includes 6 - hydroxy nicotinic acid.
[0011] Preferably, the concentration of 6 - hydroxy nicotinic acid per unit dose in the reagent ≥ 1 mM.
[0012] The present invention provides a method for preventing and controlling Orobanche aegyptiaca and / or increasing the above - ground biomass of plants, including: applying 6 - hydroxy nicotinic acid to the roots of plants and / or the soil.
[0013] Preferably, the effective concentration of the 6 - hydroxy nicotinic acid ≥ 1 mM.
[0014] Preferably, the application method includes watering.
[0015] Preferably, the plant includes melon.
[0016] Beneficial effects:
[0017] The present invention provides the use of 6 - hydroxy nicotinic acid in preventing and controlling Orobanche aegyptiaca and / or increasing the above - ground biomass of plants not parasitized by Orobanche aegyptiaca. Based on the differential substances in the root exudates of the Orobanche aegyptiaca - resistant melon cultivar KR1326 and the Orobanche aegyptiaca - susceptible melon cultivar K1076 identified by widely - targeted metabolomics, a substance (6 - hydroxy nicotinic acid) with a significantly higher relative content in the root exudates of the resistant melon cultivar than that of the Orobanche aegyptiaca - susceptible melon cultivar was excavated. Experiments found that 6 - hydroxy nicotinic acid can not only inhibit the formation and development of the haustorium of Orobanche aegyptiaca, but also inhibit the germination of Orobanche aegyptiaca seeds, weaken the parasitic ability of Orobanche aegyptiaca, and the application of 6 - hydroxy nicotinic acid will not cause phytotoxicity to host plants, and can also increase the above - ground biomass of plants (both parasitized and non - parasitized plants), providing a new path for preventing and controlling Orobanche aegyptiaca in agricultural production. Description of the drawings
[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings required for the embodiments.
[0019] Figure 1 Relative contents of 6-hydroxy nicotinic acid in the root exudates of resistant (KR1326) and susceptible (K1076) melons in Example 1 of the present invention; where, *** represents P < 0.001;
[0020] Figure 2 Effect and data graph of inhibiting Orobanche aegyptiaca Pers. haustoria with different concentrations of 6-hydroxy nicotinic acid in Example 2 of the present invention; where, the Orobanche aegyptiaca Pers. haustoria is pointed by the red arrow in the figure, and the scale in the lower right corner is 500 μm; nd represents not detected; ** represents P < 0.01, *** represents P < 0.001;
[0021] Figure 3 Change of Orobanche aegyptiaca Pers. treated with 6-hydroxy nicotinic acid over time and data graph of the diameter of the widest part of the Orobanche aegyptiaca Pers. radicle in Example 3 of the present invention; where, the scale in the lower right corner is 100 μm; ns represents P > 0.05, *** represents P < 0.001;
[0022] Figure 4 Effect and data graph of inhibiting Orobanche aegyptiaca Pers. seed germination with 6-hydroxy nicotinic acid in Example 4 of the present invention; where, the scale in the lower right corner is 500 μm; *** represents P < 0.001;
[0023] Figure 5 Effect of 6-hydroxy nicotinic acid on the parasitism ability of Orobanche aegyptiaca Pers. and the host melon seedlings and data graph in Example 5 of the present invention; where, the Orobanche aegyptiaca Pers. at different growth stages is pointed by the red arrow in the figure, and the scale in the lower right corner is 10 cm; ns represents P > 0.05, * represents P < 0.05, ** represents P < 0.01, *** represents P < 0.001;
[0024] Figure 6 Effect of 6-hydroxy nicotinic acid on melon seedlings when there is no Orobanche aegyptiaca Pers. infection on melon seedlings and data graph in Example 5 of the present invention; where, the scale in the lower right corner is 5 cm; ns represents P > 0.05, * represents P < 0.05. Detailed implementation manners
[0025] The present invention provides the application of 6-hydroxy nicotinic acid in controlling Orobanche aegyptiaca Pers. and / or increasing the above-ground biomass of plants not parasitized by Orobanche aegyptiaca Pers.
[0026] As an embodiment, the control of Orobanche aegyptiaca includes one or more of 1) to 5): 1) inhibiting the formation and / or development of the haustorium of Orobanche aegyptiaca; 2) inhibiting the germination of Orobanche aegyptiaca seeds; 3) reducing the number of Orobanche aegyptiaca parasitisms; 4) increasing the plant height of plants parasitized by Orobanche aegyptiaca; 5) increasing the above-ground biomass of plants parasitized by Orobanche aegyptiaca.
[0027] As an embodiment, the effective concentration of the 6-hydroxyniacin ≥ 1 mM.
[0028] As an embodiment, the plant includes melons.
[0029] In the present invention, it is found that the content of 6-hydroxyniacin in the root exudates of resistant melons is significantly higher than that in the root exudates of susceptible melons. At the same time, this substance can effectively hinder the early growth stage of Orobanche aegyptiaca and has the activity of inhibiting the formation of the haustorium of Orobanche aegyptiaca. As the application concentration of 6-hydroxyniacin increases, the formation rate of the haustorium of Orobanche aegyptiaca decreases; the application of 6-hydroxyniacin can not only prevent the development of the haustorium of Orobanche aegyptiaca, but also inhibit the germination of Orobanche aegyptiaca. 6-hydroxyniacin weakens the parasitic ability of Orobanche aegyptiaca, and the application of this substance will not cause phytotoxicity to the host plant. It is also possible to artificially regulate and increase the content of resistance substances such as 6-hydroxyniacin in the host root exudates, opening up a new paradigm for the ecological-friendly control of Orobanche aegyptiaca, which has great pioneering and application promotion value in the field of sustainable agricultural plant protection. It can be used to protect crops from the harm of Orobanche aegyptiaca, thereby reducing the harm of Orobanche aegyptiaca to the yield and quality of crops.
[0030] Based on the above advantages, the present invention provides a reagent for controlling Orobanche aegyptiaca, and the active ingredient includes 6-hydroxyniacin.
[0031] As an embodiment, the concentration of 6-hydroxyniacin per unit dose in the reagent ≥ 1 mM. As another embodiment, the concentration of 6-hydroxyniacin per unit dose in the reagent is 1 to 3 mM. As another embodiment, the concentration of 6-hydroxyniacin per unit dose in the reagent is 1 mM.
[0032] Based on the above advantages, the present invention provides a method for controlling Orobanche aegyptiaca and / or increasing the above-ground biomass of plants, including: applying 6-hydroxyniacin to the roots of plants and / or the soil.
[0033] As an embodiment, the effective concentration of the 6-hydroxyniacin ≥ 1 mM. As another embodiment, the concentration of 6-hydroxyniacin per unit dose in the reagent is 1 to 3 mM. As another embodiment, the concentration of 6-hydroxyniacin per unit dose in the reagent is 1 mM.
[0034] As an embodiment, the method of application includes watering.
[0035] As an implementation manner, the plant includes melons.
[0036] The method provided by the present invention can effectively protect crops from the harm of Orobanche aegyptiaca, increase the plant height and aboveground biomass of plants, and can also increase the aboveground biomass of plants when there is no parasitism of Orobanche aegyptiaca.
[0037] To further illustrate the present invention, the application of 6-hydroxy nicotinic acid provided by the present invention in controlling Orobanche aegyptiaca and / or increasing the aboveground biomass of plants will be described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments, but they cannot be understood as limiting the protection scope of the present invention.
[0038] Example 1 Mining of differential metabolites in the root exudates of resistant and susceptible melons
[0039] Based on the differential substances in the root exudates of the Orobanche aegyptiaca-resistant melon cultivar KR1326 and the Orobanche aegyptiaca-susceptible melon cultivar K1076 identified by the present invention through widely targeted metabolomics, 6-hydroxy nicotinic acid (HNA) was mined therefrom, and the relative content of this substance in the root exudates of the resistant melon cultivar was significantly higher than that of the susceptible melon cultivar. The results of this part of the data are shown in Figure 1 .
[0040] The melon varieties KR1326 and K1076 were both selected by the Hami Melon Research Center of the Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, and Xinjiang Mingxin Kehong Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd. is the general distributor of the melon varieties KR1326 and K1076.
[0041] Example 2 Effects of 6-hydroxy nicotinic acid (HNA) at gradient concentrations on the formation and / or development of Orobanche aegyptiaca haustoria
[0042] After disinfecting Orobanche aegyptiaca seeds with a 2% sodium hypochlorite solution for 15 minutes, then disinfecting them with 75% alcohol for 2 - 3 minutes, and finally thoroughly washing the disinfected Orobanche aegyptiaca seeds with sterile water. Transfer the clean Orobanche aegyptiaca seeds to a 24-well plate and treat them with sterile water for 2 days, and then add 0.1 μM strigolactone analogue (GR24) to treat for 3 days to induce germination. When GR24 is continuously treated until the 4th day and the radicle of the Orobanche aegyptiaca seeds is in the elongation stage, apply 0.1 mM IAA, an haustorium inducer, as a control group experiment, and mix and apply 0.1 mM IAA with 1 mM, 0.1 mM, and 0.01 mM HNA as experimental groups to observe and count the inhibition of haustoria. The culture condition is dark treatment at 25°C, and the treatment time is 7 days. The haustorium formation rate = (the number of seeds forming haustoria / the number of germinated seeds) × 100%. The results are shown in Figure 2 .
[0043] The results showed that the induction rate of haustorium formation by 0.1 mM IAA in the control group was 44.3%, and the induction rates of haustorium formation by the mixed application of 0.1 mM IAA with 1 mM, 0.1 mM, and 0.01 mM HNA in the experimental groups were 0%, 16.9%, and 22.5% respectively. It can be seen that HNA can inhibit the formation of Orobanche aegyptiaca haustorium. Under the above conditions, the effect was better when the application concentration of 6-hydroxy-nicotinic acid was 1 mM. However, due to the variability of environmental conditions such as temperature, humidity, light, and the species of host plants in practical applications, the optimal application range of 6-hydroxy-nicotinic acid cannot be strictly limited to this concentration.
[0044] Example 3 Effect of 6-hydroxy-nicotinic acid (HNA) on the development of Orobanche aegyptiaca haustorium over time
[0045] Using the method of Example 2, the Orobanche aegyptiaca seeds were cultured until the radicles of the Orobanche aegyptiaca seeds were in the elongation stage. When the radicles of the Orobanche aegyptiaca seeds were in the elongation stage, 0.1 mM IAA, an inducer of haustorium formation, was applied as an experiment in the control group, and the mixed application of 0.1 mM IAA and 1 mM HNA was used as the experimental group (IAA + HNA), and the treatment was continued until the 7th day, and the diameters at the widest part of the radicles of Orobanche aegyptiaca under the two treatments on the 1st, 3rd, 5th, and 7th days were counted. The results are shown in Figure 3 .
[0046] The results showed that after 3 days of co-treatment with IAA and HNA, the width of the radicle at its widest part was 111 μm. At this time, its diameter was significantly smaller than that of the radicle of Orobanche aegyptiaca treated with IAA alone, which was 179 μm. And as the treatment time extended, the difference between the two treatments gradually increased. By the 7th day, the width of the radicle in the IAA + HNA co-treatment group was 110 μm, and the width of the radicle in the group treated with IAA alone was 313 μm. At the same time, no differentiation of haustoria was observed in the IAA + HNA treatment group, which was contrary to what was observed in the IAA control group. It can be seen that HNA inhibited the development process of Orobanche aegyptiaca haustorium.
[0047] Example 4 Effect of 6-hydroxy-nicotinic acid (HNA) on the germination of Orobanche aegyptiaca seeds
[0048] After disinfecting Orobanche aegyptiaca seeds with 2% sodium hypochlorite solution for 15 min, disinfect them with 75% ethanol for 2 - 3 min, and finally thoroughly wash the disinfected Orobanche aegyptiaca seeds with sterile water. Transfer the clean Orobanche aegyptiaca seeds to a 24-well plate and treat them with sterile water for 2 days to break dormancy. Then, use strigolactone analogs including 0.1 μM GR24 and 1 μM Yoshimulactone Green (YLG) to treat the Orobanche aegyptiaca seeds after breaking dormancy as a control experiment (denoted as -HNA), and 0.1 μM GR24 and 1 μM YLG are respectively mixed with 1 mM HNA for application as the corresponding experimental groups. The culture condition is dark treatment at 25 °C for 4 days, and the seed germination rate under different treatments is statistically analyzed. The seed germination rate = (the number of germinated seeds / the total number of seeds) × 100%. The results are shown in Figure 4 。
[0049] The results show that the germination rates of Orobanche aegyptiaca treated with 0.1 μM GR24, 0.1 μM GR24 mixed with 1 mM HNA, 1 μM YLG, and 1 μM YLG mixed with 1 mM HNA are 89.7%, 5.2%, 82.2%, and 8.9% respectively, indicating that the addition of HNA can inhibit the germination of Orobanche aegyptiaca seeds.
[0050] Example 5 Effects of 6-Hydroxynicotinic Acid (HNA) on the Parasitic Ability of Orobanche aegyptiaca and the Safety of Hosts
[0051] 1. Pot experiment method when there is Orobanche aegyptiaca infestation: After the susceptible melon seedlings K1076 grow to the stage with 1 - 2 true leaves in the seedling tray, transplant them into flower pots mixed with Orobanche aegyptiaca seeds. During the growth of melons, water them three times with 1 mM HNA aqueous solution, and water them normally for the rest. For the control, only water treatment is used (denoted as -HNA). The culture condition is to grow in a growth chamber at 25 °C with a photoperiod of 16 h light and 8 h darkness. After 40 days of transplantation, count the parasitic amount of Orobanche aegyptiaca at each developmental stage. Among them, the S5 stage of Orobanche aegyptiaca is when secondary roots are formed at the nodule of Orobanche aegyptiaca and connect with other roots <1 cm, the S6 stage is when Orobanche aegyptiaca grows a young stem >2 cm but does not emerge from the soil, the S7 stage is when Orobanche aegyptiaca emerges from the soil, and count the physiological indexes of melons. The results are shown in Figure 5 。
[0052] The results show that after watering with 1 mM HNA aqueous solution, the number of Orobanche aegyptiaca at the S5 stage is significantly reduced compared with the treatment of watering with clear water without HNA, and the plant height and aboveground biomass of the host plants are significantly higher than those of the clear water irrigation treatment group.
[0053] 2. Pot experiment method without Orobanche aegyptiaca Pers. infection: After the susceptible melon seedlings K1076 grew to the stage of 1 to 2 true leaves in the seedling tray, they were transplanted into flower pots without mixing Orobanche aegyptiaca Pers. seeds. During the growth of melons, they were watered three times with 1 mM HNA aqueous solution, and the rest were treated with normal watering. The control was only treated with watering. The cultivation conditions were in a growth chamber at 25 °C with a photoperiod of 16 h light and 8 h darkness. The physiological indexes of melons were counted 40 days after transplantation. The results are shown in Figure 6 .
[0054] The results showed that compared with the control treated with clear water, the above-ground biomass of the melon seedlings treated with 1 mM HNA increased significantly, and there was no significant difference in plant height and underground biomass.
[0055] Generally speaking, HNA can weaken the parasitic ability of Orobanche aegyptiaca Pers. and will not produce toxic effects on host plants.
[0056] Although the above embodiments have described the present invention in detail, they are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. People can also obtain other embodiments according to these embodiments without creative efforts, and these embodiments all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
Application of 1.6-hydroxynicotinic acid in controlling Oleander and / or increasing the aboveground biomass of plants not parasitized by Oleander.
2. The use according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control of Oleander includes: one or more of the following 1) to 5): 1) inhibiting the formation and / or development of Oleander haustoria; 2) inhibiting the germination of Oleander seeds; 3) reducing the number of Oleander parasites; 4) increasing the plant height of plants parasitized by Oleander; 5) increasing the aboveground biomass of plants parasitized by Oleander.
3. The use according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The effective concentration of 6-hydroxynicotinic acid is ≥1 mM.
4. The use according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The plants include melon.
5. An agent for preventing and treating Guarana, characterized in that: The active ingredient includes 6-hydroxynicotinic acid.
6. The reagent according to claim 5, characterized in that The concentration of 6-hydroxynicotinic acid per unit dose in the reagent is ≥ 1 mM.
7. A method for controlling Oleander and / or increasing the aboveground biomass of plants, characterized in that: include: 6-Hydroxynicotinic acid is applied to plant roots and / or to the soil.
8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that The effective concentration of 6-hydroxynicotinic acid is ≥1 mM.
9. The method according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that: The method of application includes irrigation.
10. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that The plants include melon.