Dual biological control method for strawberry red spider mites and two-spotted spider mites

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural planting plant protection, in particular to a dual biological control method for strawberry red spider mites and two-spotted spider mites. The method comprises the following steps: 1, preparing materials; step 3, preparing a mixed solution; step 4, diluting; step 5, spraying operation; in the dual biological prevention and control method for red spiders and two-spotted spider mites of strawberries, through reasonable compounding and synergistic effects of azadirachtin, a saponin extract, a garlic extract and an organosilicon auxiliary agent, for example, the saponin extract improves the dispersibility of azadirachtin, and the garlic extract enhances repelling and physiological interference; the organic silicon additive assists the agent to spread and permeate on the surfaces of plants to form a stable compound system, so that the effective components are tightly combined and can accurately act on inhabiting parts of pests, the killing power to the pests is improved, the number of the pests is reduced, the harm of the pests to strawberry plants is reduced, healthy growth of strawberries is promoted, the yield of the strawberries is increased, and the economic benefit of the strawberries is increased. Therefore, the growth stability of strawberry plants is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of agricultural plant protection, and specifically, to a dual biological control method for strawberry spider mites and two-spotted spider mites. Background Art

[0002] As a fruit deeply loved by consumers, strawberries are often severely damaged by strawberry spider mites and two-spotted spider mites during the planting process. The reproductive ability of strawberry spider mites and two-spotted spider mites is extremely strong. Under suitable environmental conditions, they can reproduce in large numbers in a short time, seriously affecting the growth and development of strawberries. They feed on the sap of strawberry leaves, stems and other parts, resulting in symptoms such as yellowing, withering, and chlorotic spots on the leaves, hindering photosynthesis, weakening the growth of plants, and then significantly reducing the yield of strawberries and the quality of fruits.

[0003] Traditional control methods mostly rely on chemical pesticides. Although chemical pesticides can quickly and effectively control the number of pests to a certain extent, long-term and large-scale use has brought some negative effects. On the one hand, chemical pesticides are likely to remain on strawberry fruits, which not only affects the quality of strawberries, but also poses a potential threat to human health. On the other hand, the abuse of chemical pesticides will damage the soil ecological environment. For example, long-term use of chemical pesticides may cause the imbalance of beneficial microbial communities in the soil, affecting the fertility and structure of the soil, affecting the absorption and utilization of nutrients by strawberry plants, and then reducing the quality and yield of strawberries. In addition, long-term use of chemical pesticides will also lead to the generation of pest resistance. During the continuous exposure to chemical pesticides, pests will gradually adapt and develop resistance, making the control effect of chemical pesticides worse and worse, thus reducing the yield of strawberry production and causing economic losses.

[0004] In view of this, there is an urgent need for a dual biological control method for strawberry spider mites and two-spotted spider mites to meet the requirements of green and safe planting, ensure the quality and yield of strawberries, and improve the deficiencies of the existing technology. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a dual biological control method for strawberry spider mites and two-spotted spider mites to solve the problems raised in the above background art.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides a dual biological control method for strawberry spider mites and two-spotted spider mites, including the following steps:

[0007] S1. Material preparation: azadirachtin preparation, sophora japonica extract, garlic extract and silicone adjuvant;

[0008] S2. Preparation of sophora japonica extract: Prepare sophora japonica extract and water and pour them into a glass container. Use an electric stirrer to stir and mix, then add ethanol and continue stirring to form a sophora japonica extract solution;

[0009] S3. Prepare the mixed solution: First, measure the azadirachtin preparation, the sophora japonica extract solution, and the garlic extract according to a volume ratio of 1:10:3. Then, pour the azadirachtin preparation into a glass container containing the sophora japonica extract solution, and while pouring, use an electric stirrer to perform preliminary stirring and mixing. After that, pour in the garlic extract, and while pouring, perform secondary stirring and mixing to evenly disperse each component. Then, add the silicone-based adjuvant and perform tertiary stirring and mixing to finally obtain the mixed solution;

[0010] S4. Dilution: Use a graduated measuring cup to measure 30 ml of the mixed solution, pour it along the barrel wall into a stainless steel barrel containing 30 l of clear water, and at the same time, turn on the electric stirrer to stir to fully dissolve and evenly mix each component. Then, let it stand for 5 min to observe the situation, and then use a filter screen to filter the diluted mixed solution;

[0011] S5. Spraying operation: Pour the diluted mixed solution into a knapsack sprayer, and use the knapsack sprayer to evenly spray the diluted mixed solution on the strawberry plants so that a thin medicine film is formed on the leaves and there is no dripping of water. Moreover, conduct the first spraying at the initial stage of strawberry growth or when a small amount of red spider mites and two-spotted spider mites are found, and then spray according to a cycle, and record the spraying situation in detail;

[0012] S6. Environmental management: Keep the strawberry planting area and its surrounding areas clean, remove weeds regularly, remove the residual plants after picking and centrally dispose of them to prevent the breeding and spread of pests;

[0013] S7. Monitoring and evaluation: Regularly monitor the whole process of prevention and control, and use the method of regular random sampling for evaluation.

[0014] As a further improvement of this technical solution, in S1, the azadirachtin preparation selects azadirachtin emulsifiable concentrate with an azadirachtin content of 0.3%, the saponin content in the sophora japonica extract is 10%, and the allicin content in the garlic extract is 0.5% - 1%.

[0015] As a further improvement of this technical solution, in S2, the mixing ratio of the sophora japonica extract and water is 1:9, and the addition amount of ethanol is 5% - 10% of the total volume of the sophora japonica extract solution.

[0016] As a further improvement of this technical solution, in S2, the stirring time of the electric stirrer is 10 min - 15 min, the stirring speed is 40 r / min - 60 r / min, the continuous stirring time of the electric stirrer is 10 min - 15 min, and the stirring speed is 30 r / min - 50 r / min.

[0017] As a further improvement of this technical solution, in S3, the pouring speed of the azadirachtin preparation is 3 mL / s - 5 mL / s, the preliminary stirring and mixing speed of the electric stirrer is 60 r / min - 80 r / min, and the preliminary stirring and mixing time is 3 min - 5 min.

[0018] As a further improvement of this technical solution, in S3, the pouring speed of the garlic extract is 3 mL / s - 5 mL / s, the secondary stirring and mixing speed of the electric stirrer is 60 r / min - 80 r / min, and the secondary stirring and mixing time is 5 min - 8 min.

[0019] As a further improvement of this technical solution, in S3, the adding speed of the silicone adjuvant is 1 mL / s - 2 mL / s, the tertiary stirring and mixing speed of the electric stirrer is 80 r / min - 100 r / min, and the tertiary stirring and mixing time is 2 min - 3 min.

[0020] As a further improvement of this technical solution, in S4, the pouring speed of 30 ml of the mixed solution is 1 mL / s - 2 mL / s, the stirring speed of the electric stirrer is 200 r / min - 300 r / min, the stirring time is 15 min - 20 min, and the pore size of the filter screen for filtration is 0.2 mm - 0.4 mm.

[0021] As a further improvement of this technical solution, in S5, the periodic spraying includes spraying once every 7 d - 10 d, and 3 - 4 consecutive times is a cycle.

[0022] As a further improvement of this technical solution, in S7, the method of regular random sampling selects 10 - 15 sample points per 1000 square meters.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0024] 1. In this dual biological control method for strawberry spider mites and two-spotted spider mites, through the reasonable compounding and synergistic effects of azadirachtin, sophora japonica extract, garlic extract, and silicone adjuvant, such as the sophora japonica extract improving the dispersibility of azadirachtin, the garlic extract enhancing repellency and physiological interference, and the silicone adjuvant facilitating the spreading and penetration of the medicament on the plant surface, a stable complex system is formed, enabling the active ingredients to be tightly combined, accurately acting on the pest habitats, greatly improving the lethality to pests, reducing the number of pests, and reducing their damage to strawberry plants, not only promoting the healthy growth of strawberries, increasing the strawberry yield, but also increasing the stability of strawberry plant growth.

[0025] 2. In the dual biological control method for strawberry spider mites and two-spotted spider mites, by compounding natural ingredients such as azadirachtin, sophora japonica extract, garlic extract, and silicone adjuvant, the use of a large amount of chemical pesticides is avoided, the chemical pesticide residues in strawberry fruits and soil are reduced, the damage to the soil microbial community is reduced, the soil ecological balance is maintained, and moreover, by controlling the material ratio and operation process, the efficient control of strawberry spider mites and two-spotted spider mites is improved, the number of pests is effectively controlled, the damage to strawberry leaves is reduced, enabling the strawberry plants to carry out normal photosynthesis and nutrient accumulation, greatly reducing the risk of yield reduction caused by pests and diseases, increasing the yield of strawberries, and increasing the economic benefits of growers. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of the dual biological control method for strawberry spider mites and two-spotted spider mites of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 It is a bar chart of the effectiveness of the dual biological control method of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 It is a bar chart of the safety of the dual biological control method of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 It is a bar chart of the pest control rate of the dual biological control method of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 It is a bar chart of the strawberry yield increase rate of the dual biological control method of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0031] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0032] According to Figure 1 shown, the embodiments of the present invention provide a dual biological control method for strawberry spider mites and two-spotted spider mites, including the following steps:

[0033] Step 1. Material preparation: Azadirachtin preparation, Gleditsia sinensis extract, garlic extract, and silicone adjuvant. The silicone adjuvant can enhance the spreading and permeability of the medicament on the plant surface and improve the control effect. The azadirachtin preparation is azadirachtin EC with an azadirachtin content of 0.3%. The saponin content in the Gleditsia sinensis extract is 10% (by dry weight), which is used as a surfactant to help the dispersion and adhesion of the medicament. The allicin content in the garlic extract is 0.5%-1%, which has an insecticidal and certain bactericidal effect, can enhance the control effect on pests and protect the plants.

[0034] Step 2. Preparation of Gleditsia sinensis extract: Prepare the Gleditsia sinensis extract and water and pour them into a glass container. The mixing ratio of the Gleditsia sinensis extract to water is 1:9 (mass ratio). Use an electric stirrer to stir and mix until the Gleditsia sinensis extract is completely dissolved in water. Then add ethanol. The addition amount of ethanol is 5%-10% (volume ratio) of the total volume of the Gleditsia sinensis extract solution, and 95% food-grade ethanol is used. Continue to stir. The stirring time of the electric stirrer is 10 min - 15 min, and the stirring speed is 40 r / min - 60 r / min. The electric stirrer continues to stir for 10 min - 15 min, and the stirring speed is 30 r / min - 50 r / min to make the ethanol evenly distributed in the solution, forming a Gleditsia sinensis extract solution.

[0035] Step 3. Preparation of the mixed solution: First, measure the azadirachtin preparation, Gleditsia sinensis extract solution, and garlic extract according to a volume ratio of 1:10:3. Then, pour the azadirachtin preparation into a glass container with the Gleditsia sinensis extract solution at a pouring speed of 3 mL / s - 5 mL / s, and use an electric stirrer to conduct preliminary stirring and mixing while pouring. The speed of the electric stirrer for preliminary stirring and mixing is 60 r / min - 80 r / min, and the time for preliminary stirring and mixing is 3 min - 5 min. After that, pour in the garlic extract at a pouring speed of 3 mL / s - 5 mL / s, and conduct secondary stirring and mixing while pouring. The speed of the electric stirrer for secondary stirring and mixing is 60 r / min - 80 r / min, and the time for secondary stirring and mixing is 5 min - 8 min to make each component evenly dispersed. Then add the silicone adjuvant at a adding speed of 1 mL / s - 2 mL / s, and conduct tertiary stirring and mixing. The speed of the electric stirrer for tertiary stirring and mixing is 80 r / min - 100 r / min, and the time for tertiary stirring and mixing is 2 min - 3 min, finally obtaining the mixed solution.

[0036] Step 4. Dilution: Measure 30 ml of the mixed solution with a graduated measuring cup. The pouring speed of the 30 ml of the mixed solution is 1 mL / s - 2 mL / s to prevent local high concentration from causing chemical reactions or other adverse effects. Pour it along the barrel wall into a stainless-steel barrel containing 30 l of clean water. At the same time, turn on the electric stirrer for stirring. The stirring speed of the electric stirrer is 200 r / min - 300 r / min, and the stirring time is 15 min - 20 min to fully dissolve and uniformly mix each component. Then let it stand for 5 min to observe the situation, and then filter the diluted mixed solution with a filter screen. The pore size of the filter screen for filtration is 0.2 mm - 0.4 mm to prevent impurities from clogging the sprayer nozzle;

[0037] Step 5. Spraying operation: Pour the diluted mixed solution into a knapsack sprayer. Before that, it is necessary to check whether the sprayer nozzle is clogged and whether the spray pressure is normal, etc. Use the knapsack sprayer to evenly spray the diluted mixed solution on the strawberry plants. Since spider mites and two-spotted spider mites mostly inhabit the back of the leaves, it is necessary to focus on spraying both the front and back sides of the strawberry leaves to form a thin medicine film on the leaves without water droplets flowing. Also, conduct the first spray at the early growth stage of strawberries or when a small number of spider mites and two-spotted spider mites are found. Then spray according to a cycle. The cycle spray includes spraying once every 7 d - 10 d, and 3 - 4 consecutive sprays are a cycle. However, when the strawberry plants are growing vigorously, etc., it can be shortened to 5 d - 7 d, and in the later growth stage or when the pests are under control, it can be extended to 10 d - 15 d. And record the spraying situation in detail, such as recording the spraying time, weather, and the growth performance of the plants, to retain evidence for subsequent effect evaluation;

[0038] Step 6. Environmental management: Keep the strawberry planting area and its surrounding clean, remove weeds regularly, and remove the residual plants and centrally dispose of them after picking to prevent the breeding and spread of pests;

[0039] Step 7. Monitoring and evaluation: Regularly monitor the whole process of prevention and control, and use the method of regular random sampling for evaluation. The method of regular random sampling is to select 10 - 15 sample points per 1000 square meters, check 40 - 50 plants at each sample point, and use a magnifying glass to count the number of spider mites and two-spotted spider mites at each stage on both the front and back sides of the leaves and record them.

[0040] In the invention, azadirachtin, sophora japonica extract, garlic extract, and silicone adjuvant are reasonably compounded. Not only can the insecticidal activity of azadirachtin, the dispersion and adhesion effect of sophora japonica extract, the insect repellent and bactericidal effect of garlic extract, and the synergistic characteristics of silicone adjuvant be utilized to effectively control strawberry spider mites and two-spotted spider mites, but also by controlling the preparation, formulation, dilution, and spraying operation processes, such as controlling the proportion of each component, stirring speed and time, etc., the stability and reliability of the control effect can be effectively improved, the use of chemical pesticides can be reduced, thereby improving the quality of strawberries and the safety of the ecological environment.

[0041] In the process of dual biological control, on the one hand, when azadirachtin is combined with sophora japonica extract for the second time, the saponins in the sophora japonica extract are a kind of surfactant with hydrophilic and hydrophobic groups. When mixed with azadirachtin, the hydrophobic groups of saponins will interact with azadirachtin molecules, and the azadirachtin molecules may be adsorbed in the micelle structure formed by saponins, thereby increasing the dispersibility of azadirachtin in the solution, making azadirachtin better dispersed in the solution and facilitating subsequent use;

[0042] On the other hand, when azadirachtin, sophora japonica extract and garlic extract are combined for the second time, allicin in the garlic extract has volatility and certain chemical activity. During the mixing process, allicin produces a synergistic effect with azadirachtin and sophora japonica extract. The volatile components of allicin change the odor environment of the mixed solution and have a repellent effect on pests. At the same time, allicin and azadirachtin cooperate with each other in physiological activity, enhancing the interference with the endocrine system or nervous system of pests, disrupting the normal physiological rhythm and behavior pattern of pests, and achieving a more efficient control effect;

[0043] In addition, when azadirachtin, sophora japonica extract, garlic extract and silicone adjuvant are combined for the second time, the silicone adjuvant enhances the spreading and penetration of the medicament on the plant surface. It can reduce the surface tension of the mixed solution, making the mixed solution spread better on the strawberry leaf surface. In this process, the siloxane chain of the silicone adjuvant interacts with the molecules of components such as azadirachtin and garlic extract through physical adsorption or weak chemical bonding (such as hydrogen bonding). This interaction promotes the more compact combination of various active ingredients in the mixed solution, forming a relatively stable and surface-active complex system, which can make the active ingredients in the mixed solution better adhere to the plant surface and penetrate into the parts where pests inhabit, enhancing the control effect.

[0044] Through the reasonable compounding and synergistic effect of azadirachtin, sophora japonica extract, garlic extract and silicone adjuvant, such as the sophora japonica extract improving the dispersibility of azadirachtin, the garlic extract enhancing repellency and physiological interference, and the silicone adjuvant assisting the spreading and penetration of the medicament on the plant surface, a stable complex system is formed, enabling the active ingredients to be tightly combined, accurately acting on the parts where pests inhabit, greatly improving the lethality to pests, reducing the number of pests, and reducing their harm to strawberry plants, not only promoting the healthy growth of strawberries, increasing the yield of strawberries, but also increasing the stability of strawberry plant growth.

[0045] By compounding natural ingredients such as azadirachtin, sophora japonica extract, garlic extract, and silicone adjuvant, the use of a large amount of chemical pesticides is avoided, the chemical pesticide residues in strawberry fruits and soil are reduced, the damage to the soil microbial community is reduced, and the soil ecological balance is maintained. Moreover, by controlling the material ratio and operation process, the efficient control of strawberry spider mites and two-spotted spider mites is improved, the number of pests is effectively controlled, the damage to strawberry leaves is reduced, enabling the strawberry plants to carry out normal photosynthesis and nutrient accumulation, greatly reducing the risk of yield reduction caused by pests and diseases, increasing the strawberry yield, and enhancing the economic benefits of growers.

[0046] According to different raw material dosages, the antibacterial composite agricultural planting plant protection provided by the present invention is further illustrated through the following specific embodiments.

[0047] Example 1

[0048] Material preparation: Take 100 ml of azadirachtin emulsifiable concentrate with an azadirachtin content of 0.3%, 1000 ml of sophora japonica extract solution prepared according to the above method (sophora japonica extract and water are mixed at a mass ratio of 1:9, and 5% by volume of 95% food-grade ethanol is added), 300 ml of garlic extract (garlicin content 0.5%), and 10 ml of silicone adjuvant;

[0049] Preparation of sophora japonica extract: Pour 100 g of sophora japonica extract and 900 g of water into a glass container, stir with an electric stirrer at 40 r / min for 15 min to dissolve it, add 50 ml of 95% food-grade ethanol, and then stir at 30 r / min for 15 min to form a sophora japonica extract solution;

[0050] Preparation of the mixed solution: Measure each component according to the proportion. Pour the azadirachtin preparation into the sophora japonica extract solution at a rate of 3 mL / s, and stir preliminarily at 60 r / min for 5 min while pouring; then pour in the garlic extract at a rate of 3 mL / s and stir secondly at 60 r / min for 8 min; finally, add the silicone adjuvant at a rate of 1 mL / s and stir thirdly at 80 r / min for 3 min to obtain the mixed solution;

[0051] Dilution: Measure 30 ml of the mixed solution with a graduated measuring cup and pour it along the barrel wall into a 30-l stainless steel barrel of clear water at a rate of 1 mL / s, stir at 200 r / min for 20 min, let it stand for 5 min, and then filter with a 0.2-mm filter screen;

[0052] Spraying operation: Pour the diluted solution into a checked knapsack sprayer. At the initial stage of strawberry growth, focus on spraying both the front and back sides of the strawberry leaves to form a thin medicine film on the leaves without water droplets flowing. Spray once every 7 days for a total of 4 consecutive sprays, and record the relevant spraying situations.

[0053] Example 2

[0054] Material preparation: 120 ml of azadirachtin emulsifiable concentrate, 1200 ml of sophora japonica extract solution (sophora japonica extract and water are mixed at a mass ratio of 1:9, and 8% by volume of 95% food-grade ethanol is added), 360 ml of garlic extract (garlicin content 0.8%), 15 ml of silicone adjuvant;

[0055] Preparation of sophora japonica extract: Mix 120 g of sophora japonica extract with 1080 g of water, stir and dissolve, add 96 ml of ethanol, and then continue to stir. The relevant stirring speed and time are the same as in Example 1;

[0056] Preparation of the mixed solution: Measure each component. Pour the azadirachtin preparation into the sophora japonica extract solution at a rate of 4 mL / s and stir preliminarily at 65 r / min for 4 min; pour in the garlic extract and the subsequent operations are similar to Example 1, but stir twice for 6 min and stir three times for 2.5 min;

[0057] Dilution: Dilute the mixed solution in the same way as in Example 1, stir at a speed of 250 r / min for 18 min, and filter with a 0.3 mm filter screen;

[0058] Spraying operation: Start when a small number of pest traces are found, spray once every 8 days for 3 consecutive times. The spraying requirements are the same as in Example 1, and record the relevant information.

[0059] Example 3

[0060] Material preparation: 80 ml of azadirachtin emulsifiable concentrate, 800 ml of sophora japonica extract solution (sophora japonica extract and water are mixed at a mass ratio of 1:9, and 10% by volume of 95% food-grade ethanol is added), 240 ml of garlic extract (garlicin content 1%), 8 ml of silicone adjuvant;

[0061] Preparation of sophora japonica extract: Mix 80 g of sophora japonica extract with 720 g of water, stir, add 80 ml of ethanol, and stir. The parameters are the same as in Example 1;

[0062] Preparation of the mixed solution: Pour the azadirachtin preparation into the sophora japonica extract solution at a rate of 5 mL / s and stir preliminarily at 70 r / min for 3 min; the subsequent operations are similar to Example 1, but stir twice for 5 min and stir three times for 2 min;

[0063] Dilution: Measure the mixed solution and dilute it, stir at a speed of 300 r / min for 15 min, and filter with a 0.4 mm filter screen.

[0064] Spraying operation: During the vigorous growth period of strawberries, spray once every 5 days for 4 consecutive times. The spraying operation and recording requirements are the same as in Example 1.

[0065] Example 4

[0066] Material preparation: 90 ml of azadirachtin emulsifiable concentrate, 900 ml of sophora japonica extract solution (sophora japonica extract and water are mixed at a mass ratio of 1:9, and 6% by volume of 95% food-grade ethanol is added), 270 ml of garlic extract (garlicin content 0.6%), 12 ml of silicone adjuvant;

[0067] Preparation of sophora japonica extract: 90 g of sophora japonica extract is mixed and stirred with 810 g of water until dissolved, and then 54 ml of ethanol is added and stirred. The parameters are the same as in Example 1;

[0068] Preparation of the mixed solution: The azadirachtin preparation is poured into the sophora japonica extract solution at a rate of 3.5 mL / s, and preliminarily stirred at 68 r / min for 4.5 min; the subsequent operations are similar to those in Example 1, but the secondary stirring is for 7 min and the tertiary stirring is for 2.8 min;

[0069] Dilution: Measure and dilute the mixed solution, with a stirring speed of 280 r / min and a stirring time of 16 min, and filter through a 0.3 mm filter screen;

[0070] Spraying operation: When the strawberries are in the late growth stage and the pests are under control, spray once every 10 days for 3 consecutive times. The spraying operation and recording requirements are the same as in Example 1.

[0071] In order to verify that the dual biological control of strawberry plants prepared in the embodiments of the present invention has good effectiveness and safety, the following test examples are used to illustrate the dual biological control method provided in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0072] Test Example

[0073] The purpose of this test group is to explore the influence of different component ratios on dual biological control.

[0074] Test objectives: Detect the effectiveness, safety, pest control rate and strawberry yield increase rate of the dual biological control of the present invention.

[0075] Test method: Test groups A, B, C and D respectively adopt the component ratios of the wastewater treatment materials provided in Examples 1-4; the control examples adopt control groups A, B, C and D, where:

[0076] Control group A

[0077] Material preparation: Only take 100 ml of azadirachtin emulsifiable concentrate with an azadirachtin content of 0.3%, without sophora japonica extract, garlic extract and silicone adjuvant;

[0078] Dilution: The azadirachtin emulsifiable concentrate is directly diluted with 30 l of clear water, and the dilution factor is about 3000 times. After stirring evenly, it is directly poured into a knapsack sprayer;

[0079] Spraying operation: Start spraying when pests are found in the initial growth stage of strawberries. Only spray the front side of the strawberry leaves, spray once every 7 days, and spray continuously for 4 times. Do not record the relevant spraying situation.

[0080] Control group B

[0081] Use traditional chemical pesticides for spraying; Focus on spraying the front side of the leaves, spray once every 8 days, and spray continuously for 3 times. Do not record the spraying situation in detail.

[0082] Control group C

[0083] Material preparation: The same as in Example 1, but without the sophora extract;

[0084] Prepare the mixed solution: Mix the two directly and stir simply;

[0085] Dilution: Measure 30 ml of the mixed solution and dilute it in the same way as in Example 1;

[0086] Spraying operation: Spray when a small number of pests are found, spray both the front and back sides of the leaves, but there is no spraying record, spray once every 10 days, and spray continuously for 4 times.

[0087] Control group D

[0088] Material preparation: The same as the materials in Example 1;

[0089] Prepare the mixed solution: The same as in Example 1;

[0090] Dilution: Measure 30 ml of the mixed solution and dilute it in the same way as in Example 1;

[0091] Spraying operation: Spray during the vigorous growth period of strawberries, only spray the front leaves, without record, spray once every 5 days, and spray continuously for 3 times.

[0092] The specific detection indexes are shown in Table 1.

[0093] Table 1 Detection indexes of each sample

[0094]

[0095]

[0096] According to Figures 2 - 5 and Table 1, the summary of the above comparison data is as follows:

[0097] In terms of effectiveness, the effectiveness of experimental groups A - D was all 90% and above, significantly higher than that of control groups A - D. This indicates that the compound combination of azadirachtin, sophora japonica extract, garlic extract, and silicone adjuvant has an obvious effect in controlling strawberry spider mites and two - spotted spider mites compared with single azadirachtin emulsifiable concentrate (control group A), or lack of key components (control group C), and traditional chemical pesticides (control group B). The synergistic effect among the compound components can act more precisely on the pest habitat, form a stable complex system, thereby enhancing the lethality to pests, protecting strawberries from pest attacks, and maintaining the healthy growth state of strawberry plants.

[0098] In terms of safety, the safety values of experimental groups A - D were relatively high, all above 95%, while the safety of control group B (traditional chemical pesticide) was only 78%. The advantage of the compound of natural ingredients used in this invention greatly reduces the risk of chemical pesticide residues in strawberry fruits and soil, reduces the damage to the soil microbial community, effectively maintains the soil ecological balance, provides strong guarantee for the green and safe cultivation of strawberries, enables strawberries not to be negatively interfered by control measures during the growth process, and improves the quality of strawberries.

[0099] Regarding the pest control rate, the pest control rates of experimental groups A and C reached 90% and 92% respectively, significantly higher than that of the control group. It can be seen that the reasonable compounding of each component and the control of the operation process are important for effectively controlling the number of pests. Sophora japonica extract improves the dispersibility of azadirachtin, garlic extract enhances repellency and physiological interference, and silicone adjuvant helps the agent to spread and penetrate on the plant surface. These synergistic effects greatly improve the control effect, and can more effectively reduce the harm of pests to strawberry plants and reduce the possibility of pest reproduction and spread compared with single components or traditional chemical pesticides.

[0100] From the analysis of the strawberry yield increase rate, the strawberry yield increase rates of experimental groups A - D were all above 20%, much higher than those of control groups A - D. It effectively controlled the number of pests, reduced their damage to strawberry leaves, enabled strawberry plants to carry out normal photosynthesis and nutrient accumulation, greatly reduced the risk of yield reduction caused by pests and diseases, promoted the growth and development of strawberry plants by controlling pests, promoted the normal growth and development of strawberry fruits, and thus achieved a significant increase in strawberry yield, bringing better economic benefits to growers.

[0101] To sum up, the dual biological control method for strawberry spider mites and two - spotted spider mites of this invention shows excellent performance in terms of effectiveness, safety, pest control rate, and strawberry yield increase rate through component compounding and operation process, significantly superior to traditional control methods and relevant control groups. It can effectively solve the problem of the harm of strawberry spider mites and two - spotted spider mites, while ensuring strawberry quality and yield, maintaining ecological balance, and providing an efficient, environmentally friendly and economical solution for pest control in strawberry cultivation.

[0102] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and the descriptions in the specification are only preferred examples of the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will have various changes and improvements, and all these changes and improvements fall within the scope of the present invention claimed. The scope of the present invention claimed is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A dual biological control method for strawberry red spider mites and two-spotted spider mites, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Material preparation: azadirachtin preparation, saponin extract, garlic extract and silicone additives; S2. Preparation of saponin extract: prepare saponin extract and water, pour them into a glass container, stir and mix them with an electric stirrer, then add ethanol, and continue stirring to form a saponin extract solution; S3, preparing a mixed solution: firstly, measuring the azadirachtin preparation, the sapodilla extract solution and the garlic extract in a volume ratio of 1:10:3, then, pouring the azadirachtin preparation into a glass container with the sapodilla extract solution, using an electric stirrer to perform preliminary stirring and mixing while pouring, then, pouring the garlic extract, stirring and mixing for a second time while pouring to make the components evenly dispersed, then adding the organosilicon additive, and stirring and mixing for three times, finally preparing a mixed solution; S4. Dilution: Use a graduated measuring cup to measure 30 ml of the mixed solution, pour it into a stainless steel bucket filled with 30 liters of clean water along the wall of the bucket, and turn on the electric stirrer to stir so that all ingredients are fully dissolved and evenly mixed. Then let it stand for 5 minutes to observe the situation, and then use a filter to filter the diluted mixed solution; S5. Spraying operation: Pour the diluted mixed solution into a backpack sprayer, and use the backpack sprayer to evenly spray the diluted mixed solution on the strawberry plants, so that a thin film of medicine is formed on the leaves without water droplets flowing. In addition, the first spraying should be carried out at the early stage of strawberry growth or when a small amount of red spider mites or two-spotted spider mites are found. Then spray according to the period, and record the spraying situation in detail. S6. Environmental management: Keep the strawberry planting area and its surroundings clean, remove weeds regularly, remove the remaining strawberries after picking and dispose of them in a centralized manner to prevent pests from breeding and spreading; S7. Monitoring and evaluation: Regular monitoring is carried out throughout the prevention and control process, and evaluation is carried out using regular random sampling methods.

2. The dual biological control method for strawberry red spider mites and two-spotted spider mites according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S1, the azadirachtin preparation uses azadirachtin emulsifiable concentrate with an azadirachtin content of 0.3%, the saponin content in the saponin extract is 10%, and the allicin content in the garlic extract is 0.5%-1%.

3. The dual biological control method for strawberry red spider mites and two-spotted spider mites according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S2, the ratio of the sapodilla extract to water is 1:9, and the amount of ethanol added is 5%-10% of the total volume of the sapodilla extract solution.

4. The dual biological control method for strawberry red spider mites and two-spotted spider mites according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S2, the electric stirrer stirs for 10 min-15 min at a speed of 40 r / min-60 r / min, and the electric stirrer continues stirring for 10 min-15 min at a speed of 30 r / min-50 r / min.

5. The dual biological control method for strawberry red spider mites and two-spotted spider mites according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S3, the pouring speed of the azadirachtin preparation is 3 mL / s-5 mL / s, the speed of the electric stirrer for preliminary stirring and mixing is 60 r / min-80 r / min, and the time for preliminary stirring and mixing is 3 min-5 min.

6. The dual biological control method for strawberry red spider mites and two-spotted spider mites according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S3, the speed of pouring the garlic extract is 3 mL / s-5 mL / s, the speed of the electric stirrer for secondary stirring and mixing is 60 r / min-80 r / min, and the time for the secondary stirring and mixing is 5 min-8 min.

7. The dual biological control method for strawberry red spider mites and two-spotted spider mites according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S3, the speed of adding the organosilicon additive is 1 mL / s-2 mL / s, the speed of the electric stirrer for three stirring and mixing is 80 r / min-100 r / min, and the time for the three stirring and mixing is 2 min-3 min.

8. The dual biological control method for strawberry red spider mites and two-spotted spider mites according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the S4, 30 ml of the mixed solution is poured in at a speed of 1 mL / s-2 mL / s, the electric stirrer is stirred at a speed of 200 r / min-300 r / min, the stirring time is 15 min-20 min, and the pore size of the filter is 0.2 mm-0.4 mm.

9. The dual biological control method for strawberry red spider mites and two-spotted spider mites according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S5, the periodic spraying includes spraying once every 7 days to 10 days, and 3 to 4 times in a row constitutes one cycle.

10. The dual biological control method for strawberry red spider mites and two-spotted spider mites according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S7, the regular random sampling method is to select 10-15 sampling points per 1000 square meters, and check 40-50 plants at each sampling point.

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