Nail-rod system used as fracture external fixing frame

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of medical instruments, and particularly discloses a nail-rod system used as a fracture external fixing frame, which comprises a positioning auxiliary mechanism, an auxiliary sleeve and a fixing mechanism, the positioning assisting mechanism is used for correcting and assisting the fracture position and positioning the fixing mechanism; the auxiliary sleeve is used for accurately placing the fixing mechanism at the two broken ends of the fracture; the fixing mechanism is used for external fixation of the fracture after the fracture end dislocation is corrected; by optimizing the design structure, the fracture end can be effectively fixed only through a plurality of fixing nails and one fixing rod, the fixing rod is located outside the body and can be made of a relatively cheap stainless steel material, the machining cost is reduced, and therefore the price of the external fixing frame is reduced, and the economic burden of a patient is relieved; by improving the connecting mode and the fixing structure of the outer fixing frame, the optimal fixing effect can be achieved through the fewest nails and bars, the structure is simple, maintenance is convenient, and the optimal fracture fixing effect can be achieved through the fewest nails and bars.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of medical devices, and particularly relates to a nail-rod system used as an external fixator for fractures. Background Art

[0002] External fixators for fractures are commonly used medical devices in orthopedic treatment, mainly used for fixing fracture sites and promoting fracture healing; common external fixators on the market currently mainly include unilateral external fixators, circular external fixators, multi-link external fixators, etc.; these external fixators usually insert steel pins percutaneously at the proximal and distal ends of the fracture, and then use connecting rods and fixing clips to connect the steel pins exposed outside the skin to each other to form a new spatial mechanical stability system; this structure can fix the fracture ends and relieve the pain of patients; although the existing external fixators have played an important role in fracture treatment, there are still some problems and disadvantages:

[0003] 1. Expensive: Most of the existing external fixators are made of metal materials, such as stainless steel, aluminum alloy, titanium alloy, carbon fiber, etc.; the processing of these materials is complex and the cost is high, resulting in a relatively high price of the external fixator, bringing a greater economic burden to patients;

[0004] 2. Poor fixation effect at the fracture end: When the existing external fixators fix the fracture end, there are certain limitations; for the situation where the fracture is severely comminuted or the fracture ends are extremely unstable, due to the limitations of the nail-clamp fixation method and mechanics, it is impossible to simply and effectively fix the fracture ends, resulting in a poor fixation effect; if multi-plane fixation is used, although the stability of the fracture ends can be improved, it increases the trauma and the economic burden of the patient; in addition, due to the fixed structure of the external fixator, it is impossible to flexibly adjust the position of the external fixator according to the injury condition of the bone, making the fixation position inaccurate;

[0005] 3. Large volume, bringing inconvenience to daily life: The existing external fixators have a complex structure and a large volume. During the use process of patients, the length of the steel pins exposed outside the limbs is long, resulting in difficulties in moving the limbs and dressing; in addition, the bulky structure of the external fixator also makes it inconvenient for patients to carry and use;

[0006] 4. Complex structure: The structures of some adjustable external fixators are relatively complex, not very convenient to maintain, and the manufacturing and use costs remain high. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a nail-rod system used as an external fixator for fractures to solve the problems raised in the above background art.

[0008] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0009] A nail-rod system used as an external fixator for fractures, comprising: a positioning assistance mechanism, an auxiliary sleeve, and a fixing mechanism; the positioning assistance mechanism is used for fracture position correction assistance and the positioning and insertion of the fixing mechanism; the auxiliary sleeve is used to accurately place the fixing mechanism at both fracture ends; the fixing mechanism is used for external fixation of the fracture after correcting the displacement of the fracture ends.

[0010] Preferably, the positioning assistance mechanism includes an arc-shaped plate, both ends of the arc-shaped plate are provided with transverse plates, a reset channel is provided on the arc-shaped plate, and a nail placement channel is provided on the transverse plate.

[0011] Preferably, the auxiliary sleeve includes a sleeve body, a handle is provided on one side of the sleeve body, and a through hole is provided inside the sleeve body.

[0012] Preferably, the sleeve body is respectively adapted to the reset channel and the nail placement channel.

[0013] Preferably, the fixing mechanism includes a plurality of fixing nails and a fixing rod arranged between the plurality of fixing nails.

[0014] Preferably, arc-shaped connecting blocks are provided at the tops of the fixing nails on both sides of the fixing rod, and a fixing nut is threadedly connected between the arc-shaped connecting blocks at the top of the fixing rod.

[0015] Preferably, an arc-shaped protrusion is provided at the top of the fixing nail, and a groove is provided on the bottom surface of the fixing rod, and the arc-shaped protrusion is adapted to the groove.

[0016] A method for using a nail-rod system used as an external fixator for fractures, comprising:

[0017] S1. Place the positioning assistance mechanism at the fracture end so that the transverse plate is parallel to the bone and the arc-shaped plate is located at the distal end of the fracture;

[0018] S2. Randomly determine a reset hole in the nail placement channel located at the proximal end of the fracture, place the sleeve body into the nail placement channel and insert a Steinmann pin through the through hole;

[0019] S3. Determine a reset hole in the reset channel located at the distal end of the fracture, place the sleeve body into the nail placement channel and insert a Steinmann pin through the through hole, and adjust the position of the Steinmann pin along the reset channel using the rocker principle to correct the rotational displacement of the fracture end;

[0020] S4. Confirm whether there is overlapping displacement or separation displacement. If there is overlapping displacement, use a fracture separation displacement correction clamp to hold the inserted Steinmann pin and press the separated fracture ends into contact. If there is separation displacement, use a fracture overlapping displacement correction clamp to push the Steinmann pin and separate the overlapping fracture ends, and then reset and contact them;

[0021] S5. After the fracture ends are reduced to the ideal position, the fracture ends are temporarily fixed with Kirschner wires. Then, along the nail insertion channel, 1-2 drill bits are respectively inserted into the appropriate positions at the distal and proximal fracture ends by using the sleeve body to create a channel for subsequent nail insertion.

[0022] S6. After the drill bits are inserted, the positioning auxiliary mechanism is removed. The fixing nails are inserted along the channels created by the drill bits, and then a plurality of fixing nails are connected into a whole by using the fixing rod.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0024] By optimizing the design structure, the present invention can effectively fix the fracture ends only by using a plurality of fixing nails and one fixing rod. The fixing rod is located outside the body and can be made of relatively inexpensive stainless steel materials, reducing the processing cost, thereby reducing the price of the external fixator and alleviating the economic burden on patients.

[0025] By improving the connection mode and fixing structure of the external fixator, the present invention can achieve the best fixing effect with the least number of nail rods. Through good reduction, the fracture ends are aligned and in line to the best. The nail clip fixing mode of the external fixator on the market is changed to the nut fixing mode, enhancing the stability of the fixation. The structure of this nail-rod system is relatively simple, easy to maintain, and can achieve the best fracture fixation effect with the least number of nail rods. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts. Among them:

[0027] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the working state of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the positioning auxiliary mechanism of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the auxiliary sleeve of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fixing mechanism of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 is a block diagram of the method steps of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 7This is a schematic structural diagram of the fracture overlapping displacement correction forceps and the fracture separation displacement correction forceps of the present invention.

[0034] In the figure: 1. Positioning auxiliary mechanism; 101. Horizontal plate; 102. Nail placement channel; 103. Arc-shaped plate; 104. Reduction channel; 2. Auxiliary sleeve; 201. Sleeve body; 202. Handle; 203. Through hole; 3. Fixing mechanism; 301. Fixing nail; 302. Arc-shaped connecting block; 303. Fixing nut; 304. Fixing rod; 305. Groove; 306. Arc-shaped protrusion;

[0035] 401. Distal fracture end; 402. Proximal fracture end; 403. Fracture end;

[0036] 5. Fracture overlapping displacement correction forceps; 6. Fracture separation displacement correction forceps. Specific embodiments

[0037] In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the specification.

[0038] In the following description, many specific details are set forth in order to fully understand the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Those skilled in the art can make similar generalizations without departing from the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0039] Secondly, the so-called "one embodiment" or "embodiment" herein refers to a specific feature, structure or characteristic that can be included in at least one implementation manner of the present invention. The phrase "in one embodiment" appearing in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment that excludes other embodiments.

[0040] As shown in the attached Figure 1 and the attached Figure 7 figures:

[0041] Embodiment 1: This embodiment provides a nail-rod system used as an external fixator for fractures, including: a positioning auxiliary mechanism 1, an auxiliary sleeve 2, and a fixing mechanism 3; the positioning auxiliary mechanism 1 is used for fracture position correction assistance and the positioning and insertion of the fixing mechanism 3; the auxiliary sleeve 2 is used to accurately place the fixing mechanism 3 at both fracture ends; the fixing mechanism 3 is used for external fixation of the fracture after correcting the dislocation of the fracture end.

[0042] After placing the positioning assistance mechanism 1 at the fracture site, determine the position of the nail insertion hole, and then place the auxiliary sleeve 2 at this position on the positioning assistance mechanism 1. Insert Steinmann pins into the proximal fracture end 402 and the distal fracture end 401 respectively by using the auxiliary sleeve 2. Utilize the rocker principle to correct the rotational displacement of the fracture end 403, and confirm whether there is overlapping displacement or separation displacement. If there is overlapping displacement, use the fracture separation displacement correction forceps 6 to clamp the inserted Steinmann pins to press the separated fracture ends 403 into contact. If there is separation displacement, use the fracture overlapping displacement correction forceps 5 to push the Steinmann pins to separate the overlapping fracture ends 403, and then reset and contact them until the fracture end 403 returns to the ideal position. Subsequently, temporarily fix the fracture end 403 with a Kirschner wire. Then, accurately place the fixation mechanism 3 into the proximal fracture end 402 and the distal fracture end 401 by using the auxiliary sleeve 2. After removing the positioning assistance mechanism 1, connect them into a whole outside the body to form an external fracture fixator, complete the fixation of the fracture site, and promote fracture healing.

[0043] As shown in the Figure 3 appendix:

[0044] Specifically, the positioning assistance mechanism 1 includes an arc plate 103. Transverse plates 101 are arranged at both ends of the arc plate 103. A reset channel 104 is arranged on the arc plate 103, and a nail insertion channel 102 is arranged on the transverse plate 101.

[0045] As shown in the Figure 4 appendix:

[0046] Specifically, the auxiliary sleeve 2 includes a sleeve body 201. A handle 202 is arranged on one side of the sleeve body 201, and a through hole 203 is arranged inside the sleeve body 201.

[0047] Specifically, the sleeve body 201 is respectively adapted to the reset channel 104 and the nail insertion channel 102, and the sleeve body 201 is square.

[0048] As shown in the Figure 5 appendix:

[0049] Specifically, the fixation mechanism 3 includes a plurality of fixation nails 301 and a fixation rod 304 arranged between the plurality of fixation nails 301.

[0050] Specifically, arc-shaped connecting blocks 302 are arranged at the tops of the fixation nails 301 on both sides of the fixation rod 304, and a fixation nut 303 is threadedly connected between the arc-shaped connecting blocks 302 at the top of the fixation rod 304.

[0051] Specifically, an arc-shaped protrusion 306 is arranged at the top of the fixation nail 301, and a groove 305 is arranged on the bottom surface of the fixation rod 304. The arc-shaped protrusion 306 is adapted to the groove 305.

[0052] As can be seen from the above, place the positioning assistance mechanism 1 at the fracture site so that the cross plate 101 is parallel to the bone. Determine the position of the nail insertion hole in the nail insertion channel 102 to ensure that all the fixing nails 301 are on the horizontal line, which is convenient for subsequent fixation. When adjusting the position of the Steinmann pin to correct the rotational displacement of the fracture end 403 through the arc plate 103 and the reduction channel 104 thereon, the reduction channel 104 will limit and guide the Steinmann pin to avoid deviation;

[0053] Through the handle 202, medical staff can move the auxiliary sleeve 2 and can perform auxiliary fixation during the movement. Moreover, the sleeve body 201 is square. When placed in the reduction channel 104 or the nail insertion channel 102, it can play a certain fixing effect and improve the stability of the positioning assistance mechanism 1;

[0054] After inserting several fixing nails 301 along the channel of the drill bit, place the fixing rod 304 between the arc-shaped connecting blocks 302 at the top of all the fixing nails 301 at the same time. Then place the fixing nut 303 on the top of the fixing rod 304 and thread it with the arc-shaped connecting block 302 to firmly connect the fixing rod 304 and the fixing nails 301 together. Connect several fixing nails 301 into one body through the fixing rod 304 to achieve external fixation. During the process, the groove 305 of the fixing rod 304 coincides with the arc-shaped protrusion 306 of the fixing nail 301, which plays a limiting effect and improves the connection stability between the fixing rod 304 and the fixing nail 301.

[0055] As shown in the attached Figure 2 、 6 and the attached Figure 7 shown:

[0056] Embodiment 2: This embodiment is basically the same as the previous embodiment. The difference lies in a method for using a nail-rod system as an external fixator for fractures, including:

[0057] S1. Place the positioning assistance mechanism 1 at the fracture end 403 so that the cross plate 101 is parallel to the bone, and the arc plate 103 is located at the distal fracture end 401;

[0058] S2. Randomly determine a reduction hole in the nail insertion channel 102 at the proximal fracture end. Place the sleeve body 201 into the nail insertion channel 102 and insert a Steinmann pin through the through hole 203;

[0059] S3. Determine a reduction hole in the reduction channel 104 at the distal fracture end. Place the sleeve body 201 into the nail insertion channel 102 and insert the Steinmann pin through the through hole 203. Use the rocker principle to adjust the position of the Steinmann pin along the reduction channel 104 to correct the rotational displacement of the fracture end;

[0060] S4. Confirm whether there is overlapping displacement or separation displacement. If there is overlapping displacement, use the fracture separation displacement correction forceps 6 to clamp the inserted Steinmann pin, and press the separated fracture ends 403 into contact. If there is separation displacement, use the fracture overlapping displacement correction forceps 5 to push the Steinmann pin, separate the overlapping fracture ends 403, and then reset and contact them.

[0061] S5. After the fracture ends 403 are reset to the ideal position, temporarily fix the fracture ends 403 with Kirschner wires. Then, along the nail insertion channel 102, use the sleeve body 201 to insert 1-2 drill bits at appropriate positions on the distal fracture end 401 and the proximal fracture end 402 respectively to create a channel for subsequent nail insertion.

[0062] S6. After the drill bits are inserted, remove the positioning auxiliary mechanism 1. Insert the fixing nails 301 along the channel created by the drill bits, and then use the fixing rod 304 to connect several fixing nails 301 into a whole.

[0063] As can be seen from the above, the number of drill bits is the same as the number of fixing nails 301, and the number is determined according to the fracture state. For example, for metaphyseal and proximal joint fractures, 1 fixing nail 301 is inserted into the proximal fracture end 402, and 2 fixing nails 301 are inserted into the distal fracture end 401.

[0064] Moreover, the working principle of the fracture overlapping displacement correction forceps 5 is shear type. Its lower left handle and upper right jaw are integrated, and its lower right handle and upper left jaw are integrated. While for the fracture separation displacement correction forceps 6, its lower left handle and upper left jaw are integrated, and its lower right handle and upper right jaw are integrated. When the user uses the same force application posture, including holding or opening the hand, the movement of the jaws of the fracture overlapping displacement correction forceps 5 is opposite to that of the fracture separation displacement correction forceps 6, and their working principles are opposite, making it convenient for the fracture overlapping displacement correction forceps 5 to push the Steinmann pin and for the fracture separation displacement correction forceps 6 to clamp the Steinmann pin.

[0065] Importantly, it should be noted that the construction and arrangement of the present application shown in multiple different exemplary embodiments are merely illustrative. Although only a few embodiments are described in detail in this disclosure, those who refer to this disclosure should easily understand that many modifications are possible without materially departing from the novel teachings and advantages of the subject matter described in this application. For example, the dimensions, scales, structures, shapes and proportions of various elements, as well as parameter values such as temperature, pressure, etc., installation arrangements, use of materials, color, orientation changes, etc. For example, an element shown as integrally formed may be composed of multiple parts or elements, the position of the element may be inverted or otherwise changed, and the nature, number or position of discrete elements may be altered or changed. Accordingly, all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention. The order or sequence of any process or method steps may be altered or reordered according to alternative embodiments. In the claims, any "means-plus-function" clause is intended to cover the structures that perform the recited function described herein, and not only structural equivalents but also equivalent structures. Other substitutions, modifications, changes and omissions may be made in the design, operating conditions and arrangement of the exemplary embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments, but extends to various modifications that still fall within the scope of the appended claims.

[0066] In addition, in order to provide a concise description of the exemplary embodiments, all features of the actual embodiments may not be described (i.e., those features that are not relevant to the currently contemplated best mode of carrying out the present invention or those features that are not relevant to implementing the present invention).

[0067] It should be understood that in the development of any actual implementation, as in any engineering or design project, numerous specific implementation decisions may be made. Such development efforts may be complex and time-consuming, but for those of ordinary skill in the art who benefit from this disclosure, without undue experimentation, such development efforts will be a routine task of design, manufacturing and production.

[0068] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or equivalently replaced without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and they should all be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A nail-rod system used as a fracture external fixator, characterized in that: include: A positioning auxiliary mechanism (1), an auxiliary sleeve (2) and a fixing mechanism (3); The positioning auxiliary mechanism (1) is used to assist in the correction of the fracture position and to position the fixing mechanism (3); The auxiliary sleeve (2) is used to accurately place the fixing mechanism (3) at the two ends of the fracture; The fixing mechanism (3) is used for external fixation of fractures after correction of fracture end dislocation.

2. A nail-rod system used as a fracture external fixator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning auxiliary mechanism (1) comprises an arc-shaped plate (103), both ends of which are provided with transverse plates (101), a reset channel (104) is provided on the arc-shaped plate (103), and a nail placement channel (102) is provided on the transverse plate (101).

3. A nail-rod system used as a fracture external fixator according to claim 2, characterized in that: The auxiliary sleeve (2) comprises a sleeve body (201), a handle (202) is provided on one side of the sleeve body (201), and a through hole (203) is provided in the sleeve body (201).

4. A nail-rod system used as a fracture external fixator according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sleeve body (201) is respectively adapted to the resetting channel (104) and the nail placement channel (102).

5. The nail-rod system used as a fracture external fixator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing mechanism (3) comprises a plurality of fixing nails (301) and a fixing rod (304) arranged between the plurality of fixing nails (301).

6. The nail-rod system used as a fracture external fixator according to claim 5, characterized in that: The tops of the fixing nails (301) on both sides of the fixing rod (304) are both provided with arc-shaped connecting blocks (302), and fixing nuts (303) are threadedly connected between the arc-shaped connecting blocks (302) at the tops of the fixing rod (304).

7. The nail-rod system used as a fracture external fixator according to claim 5, characterized in that: The top of the fixing nail (301) is provided with an arc-shaped protrusion (306), and the bottom surface of the fixing rod (304) is provided with a groove (305), and the arc-shaped protrusion (306) is adapted to the groove (305).

8. A method for using a nail-rod system used as a fracture external fixator according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: include: S1. Place the positioning auxiliary mechanism (1) at the fracture end, so that the transverse plate (101) is parallel to the bone and the arc plate (103) is located at the distal end of the fracture; S2, randomly determining a reduction hole in the nail placement channel (102) located at the proximal end of the fracture, placing the sleeve body (201) into the nail placement channel (102) and inserting a Steinmann wire through the through hole (203); S3, determining a reduction hole in the reduction channel (104) at the distal end of the fracture, placing the sleeve body (201) into the nail placement channel (102) and inserting the Steinmann pin through the through hole (203), and adjusting the position of the Steinmann pin along the reduction channel (104) using the rocker principle to correct the rotational displacement of the fracture end; S4. Confirm whether there is overlapping displacement or separation displacement. If there is overlapping displacement, use the fracture correction separation displacement forceps to clamp the inserted Steinmann wire to press the separated fracture ends into contact. If there is separation displacement, use the fracture correction overlapping displacement forceps to push the Steinmann wire to separate the overlapping and displaced fracture ends and then reposition them into contact. S5. After the fracture ends are reduced to the ideal position, the fracture ends are temporarily fixed with Kirschner wires, and then 1-2 drills are inserted into the appropriate positions of the distal and proximal ends of the fracture along the nail placement channel (102) using the sleeve body (201) to create a channel for subsequent nail placement; S6. After the drill bit is inserted, the positioning auxiliary mechanism (1) is removed, and the fixing nails (301) are inserted along the channel created by the drill bit, and then the fixing rods (304) are used to connect the fixing nails (301) into a whole.

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