Expansion type interbody fusion cage applied to minimally invasive spine surgery

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of biomedical engineering, in particular to an expansion type interbody fusion cage applied to minimally invasive spine surgery. According to the technical scheme, the expansion type interbody fusion cage applied to the minimally invasive spine surgery comprises a fusion cage body, a hydraulic telescopic rod, a pressure sensor, a supporting block, a limiting base, a connecting spring, an extension block, an electric telescopic rod, a limiting ring, a pressure reduction spring, a positioning assembly and an analysis assembly, and the hydraulic telescopic rod is arranged on the surface of the fusion cage body; a plurality of groups of hydraulic telescopic rods are arranged, and pressure sensors are arranged in the hydraulic telescopic rods; compared with a traditional interbody fusion cage, the interbody fusion cage needs to be adjusted and installed depending on experience and judgment of doctors, the risk of insufficient fitting degree or excessive expansion easily exists, the expansion data is analyzed and calculated through an internal calculation module of the interbody fusion cage, so that the optimal fitting degree and stability are achieved, and the safety of the interbody fusion cage is improved. And the fusion cage can be ensured to be completely attached to the intervertebral space.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of biomedical engineering, and particularly relates to an expandable intervertebral fusion device applied to minimally invasive spinal surgery. Background Art

[0002] An expandable intervertebral fusion device is an implant designed for minimally invasive spinal surgery. It uses expansion technology and can expand through a certain mechanism after implantation to adapt to the anatomical structure and pathological conditions of the patient's spine.

[0003] Existing intervertebral fusion devices generally rely on mechanical structures for expansion adjustment, and require doctors' experience and judgment to adjust and install the intervertebral fusion device. There is a risk of insufficient fit or overexpansion, and the postoperative recovery may be relatively slow, thus affecting the surgical effect.

[0004] Aiming at the problem that existing intervertebral fusion devices need to rely on doctors' experience and judgment to adjust and install the intervertebral fusion device, and there is a risk of insufficient fit or overexpansion, this intervertebral fusion device analyzes and calculates expansion data through an internal calculation module, real-time monitors the pressure changes in the intervertebral space, and analyzes the contact area and distribution between the fusion device and the vertebrae to achieve the best fit and stability, ensuring complete fit between the fusion device and the intervertebral space, reducing damage to surrounding tissues, and improving the safety and stability of the surgery. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to overcome the problem that existing intervertebral fusion devices generally rely on mechanical structures for expansion adjustment, require doctors' experience and judgment to adjust and install the intervertebral fusion device, are prone to risks of insufficient fit or overexpansion, and may be relatively slow in postoperative recovery, thus affecting the surgical effect.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is: an expandable intervertebral fusion device applied to minimally invasive spinal surgery, including a fusion device main body, a hydraulic telescopic rod, a pressure sensor, a support block, a limit base, a connecting spring, an extension block, an electric telescopic rod, a limit ring, a decompression spring, a positioning component, and an analysis component. The surface of the fusion device main body is provided with a hydraulic telescopic rod, and multiple groups of hydraulic telescopic rods are provided. A pressure sensor is arranged inside the hydraulic telescopic rod. A support block is arranged at the top of the hydraulic telescopic rod. A limit base is arranged on one side of the support block. A connecting spring is arranged inside the limit base. One end of the connecting spring is provided with an extension block. An electric telescopic rod is arranged on the bottom surface of the extension block. Limit rings are arranged at both ends of the electric telescopic rod. The bottom end of the electric telescopic rod is connected to the surface of the fusion device main body. A decompression spring is arranged outside the electric telescopic rod. A positioning component is arranged on one side of the fusion device main body. An analysis component is arranged on one surface of the fusion device main body.

[0007] Preferably, a hydraulic telescopic rod drives a support block to move up and down. The support block is connected to the affected part of the patient's spine. A pressure sensor detects the pressure exerted on the spine when the support block is connected. A limiting base is used to install a connecting spring. The connecting spring connects the support block and an extension block. The extension block extends and supports inside the patient's body to assist the patient's spine in recovery. An electric telescopic rod is used to electrically adjust the position of the extension block to ensure correct support and fixation of the patient's spine. A limiting ring is used to install a decompression spring. The decompression spring reduces the pressure on the electric telescopic rod to prevent the pressure reduction during the telescopic movement of the electric telescopic rod from being too small and affecting the adjustment. A positioning component is used to install and position the main body of the fusion device. An analysis component calculates and analyzes the adjustment parameters.

[0008] Preferably, the positioning component includes a limiting hole, a fixing nail, a tightening nail head, a bone grafting hole, and a biocompatible polymer material layer. Limiting holes are provided on the surfaces of the main body of the fusion device and the extension block. Fixing nails are arranged inside the limiting holes. A tightening nail head is arranged at the top of the fixing nail. A bone grafting hole is provided on one side of the support block. Multiple groups of bone grafting holes are provided. A biocompatible polymer material layer is arranged on the surface of the support block. The biocompatible polymer material layer is made of a degradable material.

[0009] Preferably, the analysis component includes a limiting groove, a microprocessor, a mounting base, and a detection probe. Limiting grooves are provided on both sides of the main body of the fusion device. The microprocessor is arranged inside the limiting grooves. A mounting base is arranged on one side of the main body of the fusion device. A detection probe is arranged on one side of the mounting base.

[0010] Preferably, when installing and positioning an expandable intervertebral fusion device for minimally invasive spine surgery, the following steps are included:

[0011] S11: First, evaluate the patient and locate the affected part to ensure the accuracy of the surgery;

[0012] S12: Install the fusion device to ensure sufficient space for surgical operation;

[0013] S13: Implant the fusion device so that it is in close contact with the surface of the vertebra;

[0014] S14: Adjust the expansion of the fusion device to gradually fit and fix the patient's vertebra;

[0015] S15: Conduct auxiliary inspections on the fusion device to ensure that the fusion device is completely fitted with the intervertebral space;

[0016] S16: Fix and suture the installation wound of the fusion device.

[0017] Preferably, when evaluating the patient, the following steps are included:

[0018] S21: Conduct a comprehensive physical examination on the patient, especially on the spinal region, to evaluate their health condition and surgical risks;

[0019] S22: Determine the specific location and degree of the spinal lesion through X-ray, CT or MRI imaging examinations to provide accurate positioning information for the surgery;

[0020] S23: Use a C-arm X-ray machine to reconfirm the lesion location to ensure the accuracy of the surgery.

[0021] Preferably, when installing the fusion device, the following steps are included:

[0022] S31: Make a minimally invasive incision near the spinal lesion site to minimize damage to the surrounding tissues;

[0023] S32: Use minimally invasive instruments to dissect and expose the surgical area to ensure there is enough space for subsequent operations. At the same time, it is necessary to determine that there are no obstacles in the surgical area.

[0024] Preferably, when implanting the fusion device, the following steps are included:

[0025] S41: Implant the self-adaptive adjustable expandable intervertebral fusion device into the intervertebral space through the minimally invasive incision and ensure its initial position is correct;

[0026] S42: Make a preliminary expansion adjustment to the fusion device according to the preoperative imaging data and the judgment of the surgeon to adapt to the size and shape of the intervertebral space;

[0027] S43: Control the fusion device for self-adaptive adjustment, analyze and calculate the expansion data according to the calculation module inside the fusion device, real-time monitor the pressure change in the intervertebral space, and analyze the contact area and distribution between the fusion device and the vertebrae to achieve the best fit and stability;

[0028] S44: Over time, the surrounding soft tissues and hard tissues will gradually adapt to and wrap the fusion device, thereby further stabilizing its position. The surrounding bone tissues will start to gradually grow into these pores to form a preliminary bony connection.

[0029] Preferably, when the fusion device is adjusted for expansion, the following steps are included:

[0030] S51: Initially fix the main body of the fusion device to the affected area of the patient's spine through the limit holes and fixation nails, tighten the nail head to ensure that the fixation nails are firmly fixed in place to stabilize the position of the main body of the fusion device;

[0031] S52: Activate the hydraulic telescopic rod to drive the support block to move up and down until an appropriate connection is established with the spinal lesion of the patient. The pressure sensor monitors the pressure exerted on the support block when connecting to the spine in real time to ensure that the pressure is within a safe and effective range;

[0032] S53: Activate the electric telescopic rod to extend and support inside the patient through the extension block to assist in the recovery of the spine. The position of the extension block is precisely controlled by the electric adjustment of the electric telescopic rod to ensure correct support and fixation of the patient's spine;

[0033] S54: The detection probe collects the condition data of the patient's affected area in real time. The data is transmitted to the microprocessor for analysis and processing, and the microprocessor calculates the optimal inflation adjustment plan according to the preset algorithms and parameters.

[0034] Preferably, when performing an auxiliary examination on the fusion device, the following steps are included:

[0035] S61: Based on the above adjustments, make necessary auxiliary adjustments according to the observation and judgment of the surgeon to ensure that the fusion device fully adapts to the intervertebral space;

[0036] S62: Ensure that the fusion device fully adapts to the shape and size of the intervertebral space and does not cause compression to the surrounding tissues.

[0037] Preferably, when suturing the installation wound of the fusion device, the following steps are included:

[0038] S71: Use special fixing nails to firmly fix the fusion device in the intervertebral space;

[0039] S72: Check the fixing effect to ensure that the fusion device will not shift or fall off;

[0040] S73: Thoroughly rinse the surgical area to remove all blood and debris;

[0041] S74: Use minimally invasive suture technology to close the surgical incision and properly handle the wound to reduce the risk of infection and complications.

[0042] Advantages of the present invention:

[0043] 1. Compared with traditional intervertebral fusion devices, which generally rely on mechanical structures for expansion adjustment and require doctors' experience and judgment to adjust and install the intervertebral fusion device, there is a risk of insufficient fit or overexpansion, and the postoperative recovery may be relatively slow, thus affecting the surgical effect. This intervertebral fusion device analyzes and calculates the expansion data through an internal computing module, real-time monitors the pressure changes in the intervertebral space, and analyzes the contact area and distribution between the fusion device and the vertebrae to achieve the best fit and stability, ensuring complete fit between the fusion device and the intervertebral space, reducing damage to surrounding tissues, and improving the safety and stability of the surgery;

[0044] 2. The hydraulic telescopic rod drives the support block to move up and down. The support block is connected to the affected part of the patient's spine. The pressure sensor detects the pressure exerted on the spine when the support block is connected. The limiting base is used to install the connecting spring. The connecting spring connects the support block and the extension block. The extension block extends and supports inside the patient's body to assist the patient's spine in recovery. The electric telescopic rod electrically adjusts the position of the extension block to ensure correct support and fixation of the patient's spine. The limiting ring is used to install the decompression spring. The decompression spring reduces the pressure on the electric telescopic rod to prevent the pressure from being reduced too little when the electric telescopic rod expands and contracts, affecting the adjustment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] Figure 1 Shown is a first three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of an expandable intervertebral fusion device applied to minimally invasive spinal surgery according to the present invention;

[0046] Figure 2 Shown is a second three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of an expandable intervertebral fusion device applied to minimally invasive spinal surgery according to the present invention;

[0047] Figure 3 Shown is a first internal three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of an expandable intervertebral fusion device applied to minimally invasive spinal surgery according to the present invention;

[0048] Figure 4 Shown is a second internal three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of an expandable intervertebral fusion device applied to minimally invasive spinal surgery according to the present invention;

[0049] Figure 5 Shown is a schematic diagram of the installation and positioning process of an expandable intervertebral fusion device applied to minimally invasive spinal surgery according to the present invention;

[0050] Figure 6 Shown is a schematic diagram of the expansion adjustment process of an expandable intervertebral fusion device applied to minimally invasive spinal surgery according to the present invention;

[0051] Description of the reference numerals: 1. Main body of the fusion device; 201. Hydraulic telescopic rod; 202. Pressure sensor; 203. Support block; 204. Limiting base; 205. Connecting spring; 206. Extension block; 207. Electric telescopic rod; 208. Limiting ring; 209. Decompression spring; 301. Limiting hole; 302. Fixing nail; 303. Tightening nail head; 304. Bone grafting hole; 305. Biocompatible polymer material layer; 401. Limiting groove; 402. Microprocessor; 403. Mounting base; 404. Detection probe. Detailed implementation manners

[0052] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0053] Please refer to Figures 1-4 The present invention provides an embodiment: an expandable intervertebral fusion device applied to minimally invasive spinal surgery, including a main body 1 of the fusion device, a hydraulic telescopic rod 201, a pressure sensor 202, a support block 203, a limiting base 204, a connecting spring 205, an extension block 206, an electric telescopic rod 207, a limiting ring 208, a decompression spring 209, a positioning component and an analysis component. A hydraulic telescopic rod 201 is arranged on the surface of the main body 1 of the fusion device. A plurality of groups of hydraulic telescopic rods 201 are arranged. A pressure sensor 202 is arranged inside the hydraulic telescopic rod 201. A support block 203 is arranged at the top of the hydraulic telescopic rod 201. A limiting base 204 is arranged on one side of the support block 203. A connecting spring 205 is arranged inside the limiting base 204. An extension block 206 is arranged at one end of the connecting spring 205. An electric telescopic rod 207 is arranged on the bottom surface of the extension block 206. Limiting rings 208 are arranged at both ends of the electric telescopic rod 207. The bottom end of the electric telescopic rod 207 is connected to the surface of the main body 1 of the fusion device. A decompression spring 209 is arranged outside the electric telescopic rod 207. A positioning component is arranged on one side of the main body 1 of the fusion device. An analysis component is arranged on one surface of the main body 1 of the fusion device.

[0054] Please refer to Figures 1-4, in this embodiment, the positioning component includes a limiting hole 301, a fixing nail 302, a tightening nail head 303, a bone grafting hole 304, and a biocompatible polymer material layer 305. Limiting holes 301 are provided on the surfaces of both the fusion device main body 1 and the extension block 206. A fixing nail 302 is arranged inside the limiting hole 301, and a tightening nail head 303 is arranged at the top of the fixing nail 302. A bone grafting hole 304 is provided on one side of the support block 203, and multiple groups of bone grafting holes 304 are provided. A biocompatible polymer material layer 305 is arranged on the surface of the support block 203. The biocompatible polymer material layer 305 is made of a degradable material. During use, the fixing nail 302 is positioned through the limiting hole 301, and the fusion device main body 1 is fixed and limited through the fixing nail 302 to help the fusion device main body 1 be fixed at the affected part of the patient's spine. The tightening nail head 303 helps to tighten the fixing nail 302. The bone grafting hole 304 facilitates guiding bone tissue to grow and fuse in a predetermined direction to improve the fusion effect. The biocompatible polymer material layer 305 prevents rejection when the fusion device main body 1 is installed in the patient's body.

[0055] Preferably, the analysis component includes a limiting groove 401, a microprocessor 402, a mounting base 403, and a detection probe 404. Limiting grooves 401 are provided on both sides of the fusion device main body 1. The microprocessor 402 is arranged inside the limiting groove 401. A mounting base 403 is arranged on one surface of the fusion device main body 1, and a detection probe 404 is arranged on one side of the mounting base 403. During use, the microprocessor 402 is installed through the limiting groove 401, and various expansion data of the fusion device main body 1 are analyzed and processed by the microprocessor 402. The detection probe 404 is installed through the mounting base 403, and it is convenient for the doctor to observe the condition of the affected part of the patient when the fusion device main body 1 is installed in the patient's body.

[0056] Please refer to Figures 5-6 , in this embodiment, when an expandable intervertebral fusion device applied to minimally invasive spinal surgery is installed and positioned, it includes the following steps:

[0057] S11: First, evaluate the patient and locate the affected part to ensure the accuracy of the surgery;

[0058] S12: Install the fusion device to ensure there is enough space for surgical operation;

[0059] S13: Implant the fusion device to make the fusion device in close contact with the surface of the vertebra;

[0060] S14: Adjust the expansion of the fusion device to gradually fit and fix the patient's vertebra;

[0061] S15: Conduct auxiliary inspections on the fusion device to ensure that the fusion device is completely fitted with the intervertebral space;

[0062] S16: Fix and suture the installation wound of the fusion device.

[0063] Preferably, when evaluating the patient, the following steps are included:

[0064] S21: Conduct a comprehensive physical examination on the patient, especially on the spine area, to evaluate their health condition and surgical risk;

[0065] S22: Determine the specific location and degree of the spinal lesion through X-ray, CT or MRI imaging examinations to provide accurate positioning information for the surgery;

[0066] S23: Use a C-arm X-ray machine to reconfirm the lesion location to ensure the accuracy of the surgery.

[0067] Preferably, when installing the fusion device, the following steps are included:

[0068] S31: Make a minimally invasive incision near the spinal lesion site to minimize damage to the surrounding tissues;

[0069] S32: Use minimally invasive instruments to dissect and expose the surgical area to ensure sufficient space for subsequent operations, and at the same time, it is necessary to determine that there are no obstacles in the surgical area.

[0070] Preferably, when implanting the fusion device, the following steps are included:

[0071] S41: Implant the self-adaptive adjustable expandable intervertebral fusion device into the intervertebral space through the minimally invasive incision and ensure its initial position is correct;

[0072] S42: According to the preoperative imaging data and the judgment of the surgeon, make a preliminary expansion adjustment to the fusion device to adapt to the size and shape of the intervertebral space;

[0073] S43: Control the fusion device for self-adaptive adjustment, analyze and calculate the expansion data according to the calculation module inside the fusion device, real-time monitor the pressure change in the intervertebral space, and analyze the contact area and distribution between the fusion device and the vertebrae to achieve the best fit and stability;

[0074] S44: Over time, the surrounding soft tissues and hard tissues will gradually adapt to and wrap the fusion device, thereby further stabilizing its position, and the surrounding bone tissues will begin to gradually grow into these pores to form a preliminary bony connection.

[0075] Preferably, when the fusion device is adjusted for expansion, the following steps are included:

[0076] S51: Fix the main body 1 of the fusion device preliminarily at the affected area of the patient's spine through the limit hole 301 and the fixing nail 302, and tighten the nail head 303 to ensure that the fixing nail 302 is firmly fixed in place to stabilize the position of the main body 1 of the fusion device;

[0077] S52: Start the hydraulic telescopic rod 201 to drive the support block 203 to move up and down until an appropriate connection is established with the affected area of the patient's spine. The pressure sensor 202 monitors the pressure received by the support block 203 when connecting to the spine in real time to ensure that the pressure is within a safe and effective range;

[0078] S53: Start the electric telescopic rod 207, and perform extension support in the patient's body through the extension block 206 to assist the spine in recovery. The position of the extension block 206 is precisely controlled by the electric adjustment of the electric telescopic rod 207 to ensure correct support and fixation of the patient's spine;

[0079] S54: The detection probe 404 collects the condition data of the patient's affected area in real time, and the data is transmitted to the microprocessor 402 for analysis and processing. The microprocessor 402 calculates the optimal expansion adjustment plan according to the preset algorithms and parameters.

[0080] Preferably, when performing auxiliary inspection on the fusion device, the following steps are included:

[0081] S61: On the basis of the above adjustments, make necessary auxiliary adjustments according to the observation and judgment of the surgeon to ensure that the fusion device fully adapts to the intervertebral space;

[0082] S62: Ensure that the fusion device fully adapts to the shape and size of the intervertebral space and does not cause compression to the surrounding tissues.

[0083] Preferably, when suturing the installation wound of the fusion device, the following steps are included:

[0084] S71: Use the special fixing nail 302 to firmly fix the fusion device in the intervertebral space;

[0085] S72: Check the fixing effect to ensure that the fusion device will not shift or fall off;

[0086] S73: Thoroughly flush the surgical area to remove all blood and debris;

[0087] S74: Use minimally invasive suture technology to close the surgical incision and properly handle the wound to reduce the risk of infection and complications.

[0088] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the purpose of the present invention.

Claims

1. An expandable intervertebral fusion device for minimally invasive spinal surgery, characterized in that: The invention comprises a fusion device body (1), a hydraulic telescopic rod (201), a pressure sensor (202), a support block (203), a limiting base (204), a connecting spring (205), an extension block (206), an electric telescopic rod (207), a limiting ring (208), a decompression spring (209), a positioning component and an analysis component. The surface of the fusion device body (1) is provided with a hydraulic telescopic rod (201), the hydraulic telescopic rod (201) is provided with a plurality of groups, the pressure sensor (202) is provided inside the hydraulic telescopic rod (201), the top of the hydraulic telescopic rod (201) is provided with a support block (203), and the support block (209) is provided with a plurality of groups ... 03), a limit base (204) is provided on one side of the limit base (204), a connecting spring (205) is provided inside the limit base (204), an extension block (206) is provided at one end of the connecting spring (205), an electric telescopic rod (207) is provided on the bottom surface of the extension block (206), both ends of the electric telescopic rod (207) are provided with limit rings (208), the bottom end of the electric telescopic rod (207) is connected to the surface of the fusion device body (1), a decompression spring (209) is provided on the outside of the electric telescopic rod (207), a positioning component is provided on one side of the fusion device body (1), and an analysis component is provided on one side of the fusion device body (1).

2. The expandable intervertebral fusion cage used in minimally invasive spinal surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning component comprises a limiting hole (301), a fixing pin (302), a tightening pin head (303), a bone grafting hole (304) and a biocompatible polymer material layer (305); the limiting hole (301) is provided on the surface of the fusion device body (1) and the extension block (206); a fixing pin (302) is provided inside the limiting hole (301); a tightening pin head (303) is provided at the top of the fixing pin (302); a bone grafting hole (304) is provided on one side of the support block (203); a plurality of groups of bone grafting holes (304) are provided; and a biocompatible polymer material layer (305) is provided on the surface of the support block (203); the biocompatible polymer material layer (305) is made of a degradable material.

3. The expandable intervertebral fusion device used in minimally invasive spinal surgery according to claim 2, characterized in that: The positioning component comprises a limiting hole (301), a fixing pin (302), a tightening pin head (303), a bone grafting hole (304) and a biocompatible polymer material layer (305); the limiting hole (301) is provided on the surface of the fusion device body (1) and the extension block (206); a fixing pin (302) is provided inside the limiting hole (301); a tightening pin head (303) is provided at the top of the fixing pin (302); a bone grafting hole (304) is provided on one side of the support block (203); a plurality of groups of bone grafting holes (304) are provided; and a biocompatible polymer material layer (305) is provided on the surface of the support block (203); the biocompatible polymer material layer (305) is made of a degradable material.

4. An expandable intervertebral fusion cage for minimally invasive spinal surgery according to claims 1-3, characterized in that: An expandable intervertebral fusion device used in minimally invasive spinal surgery includes the following steps when being installed and positioned: S11: First, assess the patient and locate the affected area to ensure accurate surgery; S12: Install the fusion device and ensure that there is enough space for surgical operation; S13: Implant the fusion cage so that the fusion cage is in close contact with the vertebral surface; S14: The fusion device is expanded and adjusted to gradually fit and fix the patient's vertebrae; S15: Perform auxiliary inspection on the fusion cage to ensure that the fusion cage fits the intervertebral space completely; S16: Fix and suture the installation wound of the fusion device.

5. The expandable intervertebral fusion cage used in minimally invasive spinal surgery according to claim 4, characterized in that: When evaluating a patient, the following steps are included: S21: Perform a comprehensive physical examination of the patient, especially the spine, to assess their health status and surgical risks; S22: Through X-ray, CT or MRI imaging examinations, the specific location and extent of spinal lesions are determined to provide accurate positioning information for surgery; S23: Use a C-arm X-ray machine to reconfirm the location of the lesion to ensure accurate surgery.

6. The expandable intervertebral fusion cage used in minimally invasive spinal surgery according to claim 4, characterized in that: The installation of the fusion device includes the following steps: S31: Make minimally invasive incisions near the spinal lesions to minimize damage to surrounding tissues; S32: Use minimally invasive instruments to dissect and expose the surgical area, ensuring that there is enough space for subsequent operations and that there are no obstructions in the surgical area.

7. The expandable intervertebral fusion cage used in minimally invasive spinal surgery according to claim 4, characterized in that: The following steps are involved in implanting the fusion cage: S41: implanting the adaptive expandable intervertebral fusion cage into the intervertebral space through a minimally invasive incision and ensuring that its initial position is correct; S42: Based on the preoperative imaging data and the surgeon's judgment, the fusion cage is initially expanded to adapt to the size and shape of the intervertebral disc space; S43: Control the fusion device to perform adaptive adjustment, analyze and calculate the expansion data according to the calculation module inside the fusion device, monitor the pressure changes in the intervertebral space in real time, and analyze the contact area and distribution between the fusion device and the vertebrae to achieve the best fit and stability; S44: Over time, the surrounding soft and hard tissues will gradually adapt to and wrap around the fusion device, further stabilizing its position, and the surrounding bone tissue will gradually grow into these pores to form a preliminary bony connection.

8. The expandable intervertebral fusion cage used in minimally invasive spinal surgery according to claim 4, characterized in that: When the fusion cage is expanded and adjusted, the following steps are included: S51: The fusion device body (1) is initially fixed to the affected part of the patient's spine through the limiting hole (301) and the fixing nail (302), and the nail head (303) is tightened to ensure that the fixing nail (302) is firmly fixed in place to stabilize the position of the fusion device body (1); S52: Start the hydraulic telescopic rod (201) to drive the support block (203) up and down until it is properly connected to the affected part of the patient's spine. The pressure sensor (202) monitors the pressure of the support block (203) when it is connected to the spine in real time to ensure that the pressure is within a safe and effective range; S53: The electric telescopic rod (207) is started, and the extension block (206) is extended and supported in the patient's body to assist spinal recovery. The position of the extension block (206) is precisely controlled by the electric adjustment of the electric telescopic rod (207) to ensure that the patient's spine is properly supported and fixed; S54: The detection probe (404) collects data on the condition of the patient's affected part in real time, and the data is transmitted to the microprocessor (402) for analysis and processing. The microprocessor (402) calculates the optimal expansion adjustment scheme according to the preset algorithm and parameters.

9. The expandable intervertebral fusion cage used in minimally invasive spinal surgery according to claim 4, characterized in that: The following steps are included in the auxiliary inspection of the fusion cage: S61: Based on the above adjustments, according to the surgeon's observation and judgment, make necessary auxiliary adjustments to ensure that the fusion device fully adapts to the intervertebral space; S62: Ensure that the cage fully adapts to the shape and size of the intervertebral disc space and does not compress surrounding tissues.

10. The expandable intervertebral fusion cage used in minimally invasive spinal surgery according to claim 4, characterized in that: When suturing the fusion device installation wound, the following steps are included: S71: Use a dedicated fixation nail (302) to firmly fix the fusion cage in the intervertebral space; S72: Check the fixation effect to ensure that the fusion cage will not shift or fall off; S73: Thoroughly rinse the surgical area to remove all blood and debris; S74: Use minimally invasive suturing techniques to close surgical incisions and properly manage wounds to reduce the risk of infection and complications.

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