Scanning electrolytic machining device and using method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a scanning electrochemical machining device and a using method thereof, and relates to the field of metal part manufacturing. The problems that an existing movable mask cannot be tightly attached to the surface of a workpiece, and consequently the applicability of movable mask scanning electrochemical machining is poor are solved. A workpiece is placed above a powerful magnetic disk, the powerful magnetic disk is placed on a working table of a machine tool, a movable mask is placed on the upper surface of the workpiece during machining, the movable mask is of a multi-layer structure, the inner layer of the movable mask is a magnetically-attracted metal layer, and the outer layer of the movable mask is an insulating elastic layer. The opposite contact surfaces of the movable mask and the workpiece can be effectively and tightly attached by utilizing the magnetic force generated by the powerful magnetic disk; due to the fact that the movable mask has high flexibility, magnetic force generated by the powerful magnetic disk is utilized, the movable mask can be suitable for machining of workpieces in various regular shapes, and therefore the applicability of movable mask scanning electrochemical machining is improved. The method is suitable for the field of metal part manufacturing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of metal part manufacturing, and particularly relates to a scanning electrolytic machining device and a using method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of modern machining and manufacturing technologies, the methods for precision machining of metal surface microstructures are constantly updated. Common machining methods include: mechanical machining, electrical discharge machining, laser machining, ultrasonic machining, electrolytic machining, etc. Among them, electrolytic machining has the advantages of high efficiency, no macroscopic acting force, good surface quality, etc., and thus has developed rapidly. Mask electrolytic machining is a kind of electrolytic machining technology. By forming a mask layer corresponding to the surface microstructure on the workpiece surface, it restricts the material removal area of electrolytic machining, improves the localization, and realizes the batch and high-efficiency manufacturing of the surface microstructure of metal components. Usually, mask electrolytic machining uses photoresist as the mask. The mask preparation and subsequent removal process flow is long, it cannot be reused, and it will cause environmental pollution. Therefore, the movable mask electrolytic machining technology has better application prospects.

[0003] However, how to closely fit the movable mask with the workpiece surface to avoid stray corrosion is a difficulty in movable mask electrolytic machining. At present, most of the fixation of movable masks adopts the mechanical force method, and the mask and the workpiece surface are closely fitted by pressure, which is very poor in applicability to masks with complex surface structures and limits the application of movable mask electrolytic machining.

[0004] In summary, it is difficult for the existing movable mask to closely fit with the workpiece surface, resulting in poor applicability of movable mask scanning electrolytic machining. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the problem that it is difficult for the existing movable mask to closely fit with the workpiece surface, resulting in poor applicability of movable mask scanning electrolytic machining, the present invention provides a scanning electrolytic machining device and a using method thereof.

[0006] A scanning electrolytic machining device of the present invention comprises a movable mask 1, a powerful magnetic chuck 3, a tool electrode 4, an electrolyte nozzle 5 and a power supply 6;

[0007] The powerful magnetic chuck 3 is placed on the workbench of the machine tool. During machining, the movable mask 1 is placed on the upper surface of the workpiece 2. A tool electrode 4 is arranged above the top movable mask 1, and the tool electrode 4 is clamped on the top layer by the chuck of the machine tool and makes a left-right scanning movement above the movable mask 1. An electrolyte nozzle 5 is arranged above the central part of the top of the tool electrode 4, and the input end of the electrolyte nozzle 5 is connected to the discharge port of the electrolyte storage tank through a water pump. The top end of the tool electrode 4 is connected to the negative pole of the power supply 6 through a wire, and the positive pole of the power supply 6 is connected to the end of the workpiece 2 through a wire;

[0008] Furthermore, there is an inter-electrode gap between the tool electrode 4 and the workpiece 2, and the inter-electrode gap is 0.1 mm to 5 mm;

[0009] Furthermore, the thickness of the movable mask 1 is 0.5 mm;

[0010] Furthermore, the electrolyte nozzle 5 is fixedly connected to the side of the chuck of the machine tool through a bracket;

[0011] Furthermore, the movable mask 1 includes an elastic silicone insulating layer 7 and a spring steel metal layer 8, and elastic silicone insulating layers 7 are respectively provided on the upper, lower and side surfaces of the spring steel metal layer 8;

[0012] Furthermore, the usage method of the scanning electrochemical machining device of the present invention is as follows:

[0013] Step 1: The thickness of the workpiece 2 is 1 mm. The movable mask 1 is placed on the upper surface of the workpiece 2 and placed on the strong magnetic chuck 3. The multi-layer movable mask structure corresponds to the microstructure to be processed; by controlling the working state of the strong magnetic chuck 3 through a switch, when the switch is off, the strong magnetic chuck 3 is in a non-magnetic state, and at this time the workpiece 2 and the movable mask 1 are not in contact; when the switch is closed, the strong magnetic chuck 3 starts to work and releases electromagnetic suction, and at this time the workpiece 2, the movable mask 1 and the strong magnetic chuck 3 are in contact with each other;

[0014] Step 2: The top end of the tool electrode 4 is connected to the negative pole of the power supply 6 through a wire, the positive pole of the power supply 6 is connected to the end of the workpiece 2 through a wire, the electrolyte nozzle 5 evenly flushes the electrolyte between the tool electrode 4 and the workpiece 2, the tool electrode 4 scans and moves along a predetermined trajectory, the movable mask 1 protects the non-processing area, and the material in the exposed area on the surface of the workpiece 2 is electrolytically removed;

[0015] Step 3: After the electrochemical machining is completed, disconnect the power switch of the strong magnetic chuck 3, the strong magnetic chuck 3 stops working, the workpiece 2 and the movable mask 1 are separated, and a new workpiece is placed again.

[0016] The present invention has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0017] The present invention overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art. The upper surface of the strong magnetic chuck is provided with a movable mask. The strong magnetic chuck is placed on the workbench of the machine tool. During processing, the movable mask is placed on the upper surface of the workpiece. By turning on the switch of the strong magnetic chuck, the magnetic force generated by the strong magnetic chuck can effectively make the relative contact surfaces of the workpiece and the movable mask fit tightly; due to the strong flexibility of the movable mask and the magnetic force generated by the strong magnetic chuck, it can be applied to the processing of various regular-shaped workpieces, thereby improving the applicability of the movable mask scanning electrochemical machining. Description of the Drawings

[0018] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional schematic structural diagram of a scanning electrochemical machining device according to the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 is a side sectional view of a movable mask in a scanning electrochemical machining device according to the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0020] Detailed implementation manner one: With reference to Figure 1 and Figure 2 describe this implementation manner. A scanning electrochemical machining device described in this implementation manner includes a movable mask 1, a strong magnetic chuck 3, a tool electrode 4, an electrolyte nozzle 5, and a power supply 6;

[0021] The strong magnetic chuck 3 is placed on the workbench of the machine tool. During machining, the movable mask 1 is placed on the upper surface of the workpiece 2. A tool electrode 4 is provided above the top-layer movable mask 1, and the tool electrode 4 is clamped on the top layer by the chuck of the machine tool and makes a left-right scanning movement above the movable mask 1. An electrolyte nozzle 5 is provided above the center of the top of the tool electrode 4, and the input end of the electrolyte nozzle 5 is connected to the discharge port of the electrolyte storage tank through a water pump. The top end of the tool electrode 4 is connected to the negative pole of the power supply 6 through a wire, and the positive pole of the power supply 6 is connected to the end of the workpiece 2 through a wire;

[0022] In this specific implementation manner, a movable mask is provided on the upper surface of the strong magnetic chuck. The strong magnetic chuck is placed on the workbench of the machine tool. During machining, the movable mask is placed on the upper surface of the workpiece. By turning on the switch of the strong magnetic chuck, the magnetic force generated by the strong magnetic chuck can effectively make the relative contact surface between the workpiece and the movable mask fit tightly; Since the movable mask has strong flexibility, and by using the magnetic force generated by the strong magnetic chuck, it can be applied to the machining of various regular-shaped workpieces, thereby improving the applicability of movable mask scanning electrochemical machining.

[0023] Detailed implementation manner two: With reference to Figure 1 and Figure 2 describe this implementation manner. This implementation manner is a further limitation on the machining device described in the first specific implementation manner. For a scanning electrochemical machining device described in this implementation manner, there is an interelectrode gap between the tool electrode 4 and the workpiece 2, and the interelectrode gap is 0.1 mm to 5 mm.

[0024] Detailed implementation manner three: With reference to Figure 1 and Figure 2 describe this implementation manner. This implementation manner is a further limitation on the machining device described in the first specific implementation manner. For a scanning electrochemical machining device described in this implementation manner, the thickness of the movable mask 1 is 0.5 mm.

[0025] Detailed implementation manner four: With reference toFigure 1 and Figure 2 To describe this embodiment, this embodiment further limits the processing device described in the first specific embodiment. For a scanning electro-chemical machining device described in this embodiment, the electrolyte nozzle 5 is fixedly connected to the side of the chuck of the machine tool through a bracket.

[0026] Specific embodiment five: In combination with Figure 1 and Figure 2 To describe this embodiment, this embodiment further limits the processing device described in the first specific embodiment. For a scanning electro-chemical machining device described in this embodiment, the movable mask 1 includes an elastic silicone insulating layer 7 and a spring steel metal layer 8. Elastic silicone insulating layers 7 are provided on the upper, lower, and side surfaces of the spring steel metal layer 8.

[0027] Specific embodiment six: In combination with Figure 1 and Figure 2 To describe the usage method of a scanning electro-chemical machining device described in this embodiment, the specific method is as follows:

[0028] Step 1: The thickness of the workpiece 2 is 1 mm. The movable mask 1 is placed on the upper surface of the workpiece 2 and placed on the strong magnetic chuck 3. The multi-layer movable mask structure corresponds to the microstructures to be processed; the working state of the strong magnetic chuck 3 is controlled by a switch. When the switch is off, the strong magnetic chuck 3 is in a non-magnetic state, and at this time, the workpiece 2 and the movable mask 1 are not adhered; when the switch is closed, the strong magnetic chuck 3 starts to work and releases electromagnetic suction, and at this time, the workpiece 2, the movable mask 1 and the strong magnetic chuck 3 are adhered together;

[0029] Step 2: The top end of the tool electrode 4 is connected to the negative pole of the power supply 6 through a wire, and the positive pole of the power supply 6 is connected to the end of the workpiece 2 through a wire. The electrolyte nozzle 5 evenly flushes the electrolyte between the tool electrode 4 and the workpiece 2. The tool electrode 4 scans and moves along a predetermined trajectory. The movable mask 1 protects the non-processing area, and the material in the exposed area on the surface of the workpiece 2 is electrolytically removed;

[0030] Step 3: After the electro-chemical machining is completed, disconnect the power switch of the strong magnetic chuck 3. The strong magnetic chuck 3 stops working, and the workpiece 2 and the movable mask 1 are separated, and a new workpiece is placed again.

Claims

1. A scanning electrochemical machining device, characterized in that: It includes a movable mask (1), a powerful magnetic disk (3), a tool electrode (4), an electrolyte nozzle (5) and a power source (6); A powerful magnetic disk (3) is placed on a working table of a machine tool. During processing, a movable mask (1) is placed on the upper surface of a workpiece (2). A tool electrode (4) is provided above the top movable mask (1). The tool electrode (4) is clamped on the top layer by a chuck of the machine tool and performs left-right scanning motion above the movable mask (1). An electrolyte nozzle (5) is provided above the center of the top of the tool electrode (4). The input end of the electrolyte nozzle (5) is connected to the discharge port of the electrolyte storage tank through a water pump. The top end of the tool electrode (4) is connected to the negative electrode of a power source (6) through a wire, and the positive electrode of the power source (6) is connected to the end of the workpiece (2) through a wire.

2. A scanning electrochemical machining device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An inter-electrode gap is provided between the tool electrode (4) and the workpiece (2), and the inter-electrode gap is 0.1 mm to 5 mm.

3. A scanning electrochemical machining device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the movable mask (1) is 0.5 mm.

4. A scanning electrochemical machining device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrolyte nozzle (5) is fixedly connected to the side of the chuck of the machine tool via a bracket.

5. The scanning electrochemical machining device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The movable mask (1) comprises an elastic silicone insulating layer (7) and a spring steel metal layer (8), and the elastic silicone insulating layer (7) is respectively provided on the upper and lower surfaces and the side surfaces of the spring steel metal layer (8).

6. A method for using a scanning electrochemical machining device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The specific method is as follows: Step 1: The thickness of the workpiece (2) is 1 mm. The movable mask (1) is placed on the upper surface of the workpiece (2) and on the powerful magnetic disk (3). The multi-layer movable mask structure corresponds to the microstructure to be processed. The working state of the powerful magnetic disk (3) is controlled by a switch. When the switch is off, the powerful magnetic disk (3) is in a non-magnetic state. At this time, the workpiece (2) and the movable mask (1) are not attached. When the switch is closed, the powerful magnetic disk (3) starts to work and releases the electromagnetic attraction. At this time, the workpiece (2), the movable mask (1) and the powerful magnetic disk (3) are attached together. Step 2: The top of the tool electrode (4) is connected to the negative electrode of the power source (6) through a wire, and the positive electrode of the power source (6) is connected to the end of the workpiece (2) through a wire. The electrolyte nozzle (5) evenly flushes the electrolyte between the tool electrode (4) and the workpiece (2). The tool electrode (4) scans along a predetermined trajectory, and the active mask (1) protects the non-processing area. The material in the exposed area on the surface of the workpiece (2) is removed by electrolysis. Step 3: After the electrolytic processing is completed, the power switch of the powerful magnetic disk (3) is turned off, the powerful magnetic disk (3) stops working, the workpiece (2) and the movable mask (1) are separated, and a new workpiece is placed again.

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