Automatic shot blasting device and shot blasting method for crankshaft

Abstract

According to the automatic shot blasting device and method for the crankshaft, a shot blasting chamber support and a movable sliding plate support are arranged in parallel, a movable sliding plate is installed on guide rails through sliding blocks, racks are arranged between the guide rails and connected with a motor gear of the movable sliding plate, a shot blasting chamber is installed on the shot blasting chamber support, and a roller way is parallel to the guide rails and a plurality of rotation shafts are parallel to the roller way and are installed on a bearing seat. The rotation shafts are sleeved with protection sleeves, the crankshaft supporting discs are detachably installed on the protection sleeves, the double chain wheels are installed at the two ends of the rotation shafts and connected through chains, and the rotation shaft motor is connected with at least one rotation shaft. The top of the movable cover plate is provided with a spray gun angle rotating shaft support, a spray gun angle rotating shaft is installed on the spray gun angle rotating shaft support through a bearing and a clamping device, a spray gun penetrates through the circular ring and the movable cover plate and is installed at the bottom of the movable cover plate, and one end of the spray gun angle rotating shaft is provided with a hand wheel. The device can realize comprehensive shot blasting treatment on crankshafts with different lengths, and the surface quality and the production efficiency are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of machining of shot peening equipment in crankshaft machining, and particularly relates to a crankshaft automatic shot peening device and a shot peening method. Background Art

[0002] In the process of crankshaft machining, shot peening is an important link to improve the surface quality and performance of the crankshaft. However, there are some problems with the existing special shot peening machines for crankshafts: the installation positions of its four shot heads are fixed, and by adjusting the orientation sleeve, it cannot meet the shot peening requirements of more than thirty kinds of crankshafts with lengths between 450 and 1200 mm; for crankshafts above 900 mm, the part between the two end balance weights has a small gap, and the steel shot cannot directly hit it, and the amount of steel shot rebounding cannot clean it up either, resulting in poor shot peening effect, affecting product quality, increasing shot peening time, and reducing production efficiency. In addition, the crankshafts that are not completely shot peened locally need to occupy additional working hours of shot peening personnel and forklifts for treatment, increasing production costs. Moreover, the special shot peening machine for crankshafts is a large turntable rotating type with two inner and outer workstations. The burrs of the crankshaft fall on the bottom screen of the shot peening chamber, and the burrs must be cleaned twice a day, otherwise the screen will be blocked, resulting in the steel shot being unable to flow through the screen into the return shot helix, and after accumulation, the large turntable will be stuck. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Aiming at the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, a crankshaft automatic shot peening device and a shot peening method provided by the invention aim to achieve comprehensive shot peening treatment of crankshafts with different lengths, ensure the surface quality of the crankshaft, improve production efficiency, reduce the shot peening time increased due to incomplete local shot peening, reduce production costs, and effectively solve the problems of frequent equipment maintenance and the problems existing in the existing crankshaft shot peening equipment when processing crankshafts with different lengths and structures.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the specific scheme of the invention is as follows:

[0005] The crankshaft automatic shot peening device includes a moving slide plate support, a shot peening chamber support, a guide rail, a slider, a moving slide plate, a rack, a shot peening chamber, a roller path, a moving cover plate, a self-rotating shaft, a self-rotating shaft bearing seat, a protective sleeve, a crankshaft support disc, a spray gun angle rotating shaft, a spray gun angle rotating shaft support, a spray gun angle rotating shaft clamping device, and a spray gun angle rotating shaft handwheel;

[0006] The shot peening chamber support and the moving slide plate support are arranged in parallel. Guide rails are respectively provided on both sides of the top of the moving slide plate support. The moving slide plate is installed on the guide rail through the slider. A rack is provided between the two guide rails. The rack is installed on the rack installation beam, and both ends of the rack installation beam are respectively installed on the moving slide plate support;

[0007] The shot peening chamber is installed on the shot peening chamber bracket, the two rollers are parallel to the guide rails and are installed on both sides of the shot peening chamber, multiple rotating shafts are parallel to the rollers, and both ends of the multiple rotating shafts pass through the shot peening chamber and are installed on the rotating shaft bearing seats, the rotating shaft bearing seats are installed on both sides of the shot peening chamber, each rotating shaft is respectively provided with a protective sleeve, the two crankshaft support discs are respectively detachably installed on the protective sleeves, each rotating shaft is respectively provided with a double sprocket, and the double sprockets are connected by a chain; the two crankshaft support discs are respectively installed on the protective sleeves by screw and nut assemblies, and the spacing between the two crankshaft support discs is adjusted according to the length of the crankshaft.

[0008] One end of the movable cover is connected to one end of the movable slide plate, and the other end of the movable cover is located on the roller table. Spray gun angle shaft brackets are respectively installed on both sides of the top of the movable cover, and both ends of the two spray gun angle shafts are respectively installed on the spray gun angle shaft brackets through bearings. A spray gun angle shaft clamping device is provided between the two spray gun angle shaft brackets, and the clamping spray gun angle shaft is passed through and clamped on the spray gun angle shaft clamping device. A ring is provided on the spray gun angle shaft, and the spray gun passes through the ring and the movable cover and is installed at the bottom of the movable cover, and a spray gun angle shaft handwheel is installed at one end of each spray gun angle shaft.

[0009] Furthermore, it includes a shot blasting machine and a dust collector, the shot blasting machine is connected to a blasting gun, a dust removal pipe is arranged on one side of the shot blasting room, and the dust collector is connected to the dust removal pipe.

[0010] Furthermore, it also includes a PLC control system, which includes a PLC controller, a frequency converter, a contactor, a relay, a touch screen, a proximity switch sensor at the initial position, a proximity switch sensor at the stop position, a button, an incremental encoder, a moving skateboard motor, a rotating shaft motor and a power supply, wherein the frequency converter, the contactor, the relay, the touch screen, the proximity switch sensor at the initial position, the proximity switch sensor at the stop position, the button, the incremental encoder, the shot blasting machine and the dust collector are respectively connected to the PLC controller, the frequency converter and the contactor are respectively connected to the relay, the moving skateboard motor is connected to the frequency converter, and the incremental encoder is connected to the power supply. An encoder coupling sleeve is installed at the end of the motor rotor shaft of the mobile skateboard motor, the self-rotating shaft motor is connected to the contactor, and a proximity switch sensor at the initial position and a proximity switch sensor at the stop position are respectively installed at both ends of each guide rail. The mobile skateboard motor is installed on the top of the mobile skateboard, and the driving gear of the mobile skateboard motor passes through the mobile skateboard and is meshed with the rack. A single sprocket is installed on the self-rotating shaft motor, and the single sprocket is connected to the double sprocket on at least one self-rotating shaft through a chain. The power supply provides working voltages for the PLC controller, relay, frequency converter, contactor, proximity switch sensor, touch screen, button, mobile skateboard motor and self-rotating shaft motor respectively.

[0011] Further, the clamping device for the spray gun angle rotating shaft includes a fixed bracket, fixed clamping plates and movable clamping plates. The two fixed clamping plates are respectively installed at one end of both sides of the fixed bracket. At the other ends of both sides of the fixed bracket, pin ears are respectively provided. One end of each movable clamping plate is respectively installed on the pin ears through pins and retaining pins. The other end of each movable clamping plate is respectively connected to each fixed clamping plate through a screw-nut assembly. The two spray gun angle rotating shafts are respectively clamped between the fixed clamping plates and the movable clamping plates. Moreover, arc-shaped grooves adapted to the spray gun angle rotating shafts are respectively provided on the two movable clamping plates, and wear-resistant glue is provided in the arc-shaped grooves.

[0012] Further, the shot blasting chamber includes a connecting frame, a self-rotating shaft support frame, a shot material hopper, a hopper disc and a hopper cylinder. The connecting frame is in a shape of a double-square. The self-rotating shaft support frame is installed on the top of the connecting frame. Both ends of each self-rotating shaft respectively pass through the self-rotating shaft support frame and are installed on self-rotating shaft bearing seats. The two self-rotating shaft bearing seats are respectively symmetrically installed on both sides of the connecting frame. The shot material hopper is installed at the bottom of the connecting frame. The shot material hopper is formed by connecting a hopper side plate and a hopper bottom plate into an inverted trapezoid. The hopper disc is installed on the top of the hopper cylinder. The bottom of the hopper cylinder is installed on the hopper bottom plate. The self-rotating shaft motor is installed on the shot blasting chamber support.

[0013] Further, the roller path includes a roller path frame, a roller shaft, a bearing sleeve, rollers and a locking ring. The roller path frame is rectangular, and a plurality of bearing sleeves are linearly arranged in an array within the roller path frame. A bearing is installed in each bearing sleeve. A plurality of rollers are respectively connected to the roller shafts. Each roller shaft respectively passes through the bearing and is connected to the locking ring. The top surface of the rollers is 0.5 mm higher than the top surface of the self-rotating shaft support frame.

[0014] Further, the two crankshaft support discs are respectively installed on the protective sleeve through screw-nut assemblies, and the distance between the two crankshaft support discs is adjusted according to the length of the crankshaft.

[0015] The shot blasting method based on the above-mentioned crankshaft automatic shot blasting device includes the following steps:

[0016] Step 1, connect the spray gun to the shot blasting machine through a spray pipe, connect the shot blasting machine and the dust collector to the PLC controller, and connect the dust collector to the dust removal pipeline;

[0017] Step 2, set the shot blasting process parameters for different crankshaft numbers through the touch screen, select the crankshaft number to be shot blasted, press the button, and the PLC controller sends control instructions to the frequency converter and the contactor according to the shot blasting process parameters corresponding to the crankshaft number;

[0018] Step 3: By adjusting the handwheel of the spray gun angle rotating shaft, drive the spray gun angle rotating shaft to rotate on the spray gun angle rotating shaft bracket, change the spraying angle of the spray gun, and align the spraying direction of the spray gun with the part of the crankshaft to be shot peened. Place the crankshaft to be shot peened between the crankshaft support discs of adjacent self-rotating shafts. Send a start command to the contactor, frequency converter, and dust collector through the PLC controller. The contactor controls the start of the self-rotating shaft motor, drives the self-rotating shaft to rotate through the chain, and makes the crankshaft rotate around its own axis; the frequency converter controls the start of the moving slide motor, drives the moving slide to move along the guide rail through the meshing of the driving gear and the rack, and the moving slide drives the moving cover plate to move to the shot peening position along the roller path. During the movement, the incremental encoder reads the signal of the number of turns of the motor rotation and feeds the signal back to the PLC controller. The PLC controller calculates the position of the moving slide according to the feedback signal and adjusts the rotation speed of the moving slide motor to control the moving cover plate to reach the shot peening position. The dust collector performs dust removal work during the shot peening process;

[0019] Step 4: The PLC controller controls the start of the shot peening machine, makes the shot peening material spray out from the spray gun, and performs shot peening on the crankshaft. At the same time, the incremental encoder monitors the number of turns of the moving slide motor in real time and feeds the signal back to the PLC controller. The PLC controller calculates the position of the moving slide according to the feedback signal and adjusts the output frequency of the frequency converter to control the rotation speed of the moving slide motor, so that the moving slide moves forward slowly; when the moving slide drives the spray gun to reach the key shot peening position of the crankshaft, the moving slide stops moving until the shot peening time reaches the preset value, and then the moving slide continues to move forward slowly;

[0020] Step 5: After the moving slide moves forward to the proximity switch sensor at the stop position, the PLC controller controls the shot peening machine to stop working, and sends a command to the frequency converter to control the moving slide motor to rotate in the reverse direction, driving the moving slide to return to the proximity switch sensor at the initial position along the guide rail, moving the moving cover plate away, the PLC controller sends a command to control the self-rotating shaft motor to stop working, stops the rotation of the crankshaft, takes out the shot peened crankshaft, and after taking out the crankshaft, continues to repeat the operations of Step 1 to Step 5 to enter the next cycle.

[0021] Further, the shot peening process parameters described in Step 1 include the moving speed of the moving slide motor, the rotation speed of the self-rotating shaft motor, the starting position of shot peening, the shot peening time, the shot peening pause position, and the shot peening pause time.

[0022] Advantages of the present invention

[0023] The crankshaft automatic shot peening device and shot peening method of the present invention can achieve comprehensive shot peening treatment of crankshafts with different lengths, ensure the surface quality of the crankshafts, improve production efficiency, and reduce the shot peening time increased due to incomplete local peening. At the same time, it can also reduce the shot peening personnel and forklift working hours that need to be occupied additionally due to incomplete local peening, and reduce production costs. In addition, the crankshaft that has been shot peened by the crankshaft automatic shot peening device first can remove 95% of the burrs. When it is transferred to the subsequent dedicated crankshaft shot peening machine for treatment, it can well solve the problem of blockage of the sieve mesh of the dedicated crankshaft shot peening machine, avoid jamming of the large turntable, and improve the stability and reliability of the equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the crankshaft automatic shot peening device of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 is Figure 1 the bottom view structural diagram of

[0026] Figure 3 is Figure 1 the schematic structural diagram of the existing moving slide motor in

[0027] Figure 4 is Figure 1 the schematic structural diagram of the shot peening chamber in

[0028] Figure 5 is Figure 4 the bottom view structural diagram of

[0029] Figure 6 is Figure 4 the left side structural diagram of

[0030] Figure 7 is Figure 4 the schematic structural diagram of the connecting frame in

[0031] Figure 8 is Figure 1 the schematic structural diagram of the spray gun angle rotating shaft clamping device in

[0032] Figure 9 is Figure 8 the top view structural diagram of

[0033] Figure 10 is Figure 8 the schematic structural diagram of the structure clamping the spray gun angle rotating shaft in

[0034] Figure 11 is Figure 1 the schematic structural diagram of the roller path in

[0035] Figure 12 is Figure 11 the bottom view structural diagram of

[0036] Figure 13 For Figure 1 the wiring diagram of the electrical control system in

[0037] Figure 14 For Figure 1 the control circuit diagram of the self-rotating shaft motor in

[0038] Figure 15 For Figure 1 the on-site installation schematic diagram of the automatic shot peening device for the crankshaft in

[0039] In the figure:

[0040] 1. Moving slide bracket; 2. Shot peening chamber bracket; 3. Moving slide motor; 301. Driving gear shaft; 302. Bearing seat; 303. Motor support; 304. Coupling; 305. Gear reducer; 306. Angular contact ball bearing; 307. Nut; 308. Lock washer; 309. Flat key; 310. Encoder coupling sleeve; 311. Driving gear; 4. Incremental encoder; 5. Spray gun; 6. Moving cover plate; 7. Self-rotating shaft motor; 8. Shot peening chamber; 801. Connecting frame; 802. Self-rotating shaft support frame; 803. Shot material hopper; 804. Hopper side plate; 805. Hopper bottom plate; 806. Hopper cylinder; 807. Hopper bottom disc; 9. Moving slide; 10. Rack; 11. Rack mounting beam; 12. Guide rail; 13. Self-rotating shaft; 14. Slide block; 15. Spray gun angle rotating shaft handwheel; 16. Spray gun angle rotating shaft clamping device; 161. Fixed bracket; 162. Fixed clamping plate; 163. Moving clamping plate; 164. Pin ear; 165. Pin; 166. Snap pin; 167. Arc groove; 168. Wear-resistant rubber; 169. Screw and nut assembly; 17. Crankshaft support disc; 18. Roller conveyor; 181. Roller conveyor frame; 182. Roller; 183. Roller shaft; 184. Locking ring; 185. Bearing sleeve; 19. Self-rotating shaft bearing; 20. Chain; 21. Protective sleeve; 22. Double sprocket; 23. Dust removal pipeline; 24. Spray wall angle rotating shaft; 25. Spray gun angle rotating shaft bracket; 26. Dust collector; 27. Special shot peening machine for crankshaft; 28. Loading and unloading robot; 29. Crankshaft production line. Specific embodiments

[0041] The present invention will be further explained and described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that the specific embodiments herein are not used to limit the scope of the rights of the present invention.

[0042] Such as Figures 1 to 15As shown in the figure, the automatic shot peening device for crankshaft provided by this specific embodiment includes a moving slide bracket 1, a shot peening chamber bracket 2, a guide rail 12, a slider 14, a moving slide 9, a rack 10, a moving slide motor 3, a shot peening chamber 8, a roller conveyor 18, a moving cover plate 6, a protective sleeve 22, a self-rotating shaft 13, a self-rotating shaft bearing seat 19, a self-rotating shaft motor 7, a crankshaft support disk 17, a spray gun angle rotating shaft 24, a spray gun angle rotating shaft bracket 25, a spray gun angle rotating shaft clamping device 16, a spray gun angle rotating shaft handwheel 15, and a PLC control system.

[0043] The PLC controller selects the model 288-1SR60-0AA0 of the Siemens PLC200SMART brand.

[0044] The power supply selects a 24V switching power supply with the model ABL2REM24065K.

[0045] The relay selects the relay with the model RXM2LB2BD.

[0046] The product model of the touch screen is 6AV6648-0CE11-3AX0.

[0047] The product model of the button is ZB2-BE101C.

[0048] The product model of the contactor is LC1 NO9 01.

[0049] The product model of the frequency converter is the Siemens frequency converter MM420.

[0050] The product model of the proximity switch sensor is E2B-M18LN16-WZ-B1-PNP.

[0051] The product model of the incremental encoder is DBS36E-S3EK 360 of SICK.

[0052] The moving slide motor can select the combination of a Shengbang 400W (3-10 speed ratio) vertical motor and a gear reducer, or it can also select, for example Figure 3The shown mobile skateboard motor 3 includes a driving gear shaft 301, a bearing block 302, a motor support 303, a coupling 304, a gear speed reducer 305, an angular contact ball bearing 306, a nut 307, a lock washer 308, a flat key 309, an encoder coupling sleeve 310, and a driving gear 311. The gear reduction motor 305 is connected to the top of the motor support 303 by screws. The driving gear shaft 301 is installed in the bearing block 302 through the angular contact ball bearing 306. A lock washer 308 and a nut 307 are sleeved on the top of the driving gear shaft 301 and connected to the coupling 304 through a flat key 309. The output shaft of the gear speed reducer 305 is connected to the driving gear shaft 301 through the coupling 304. The bearing block 302 is fastened to the bottom of the motor support 303 by screws. The bottom of the driving gear shaft 301 is connected to the driving gear 311. The driving gear 311 is meshed and connected with a rack 11 installed on the mobile sliding bracket 1, so that the mobile skateboard motor 3 controls the mobile skateboard 9 to perform a linear motion.

[0053] The product model of the self-rotating shaft motor 7 is a motor speed reducer assembly of DRN80M4+S57 or DRN80M4 / DB1.

[0054] The shot blasting chamber support 1 and the mobile skateboard support 2 are arranged in parallel. Guide rails 12 are respectively provided on both sides of the top of the mobile skateboard support 1. The mobile skateboard 9 is installed on the guide rails 12 through sliders 14. A rack 10 is provided between the two guide rails 12. The rack 10 is installed on a rack installation beam 11. Both ends of the rack installation beam 11 are respectively installed on the mobile skateboard support 1. The mobile skateboard motor 3 is installed on the top of the mobile skateboard 9, and the driving gear 311 of the mobile skateboard motor 3 passes through the mobile skateboard 9 and is meshed and connected with the rack 10, so that when the mobile skateboard motor 3 rotates, it drives the mobile skateboard 9 to perform a linear motion to the left or right along the rack.

[0055] The shot blasting chamber 8 is installed on the shot blasting chamber support 2. The roller path 18 is a non-powered roller path. The roller path 18 includes a roller path frame 181, a roller shaft 183, a bearing sleeve 185, a roller 182, and a locking ring 184. The roller path frame 181 is rectangular and made of steel material. A plurality of bearing sleeves 185 are linearly arranged in the roller path frame 181. Each bearing sleeve 185 is installed with a bearing. A plurality of rollers 182 are respectively connected to the roller shafts 183. Each roller shaft 183 passes through the bearing and is connected to the locking ring 184. The top surface of the roller 182 is 0.5 mm higher than the top surface of the self-rotating shaft support frame 802 to ensure that the moving cover plate 9 cannot contact and rub against the shot blasting chamber 8 during movement, preventing steel shot from splashing.

[0056] The two roller paths 18 are respectively parallel to the guide rails 12 and are installed on both sides of the shot blasting chamber 8. In this embodiment, three self-rotating shafts 13 are provided. The three self-rotating shafts 13 are respectively parallel to the roller paths 18. The two ends of the three self-rotating shafts 13 respectively pass through the shot blasting chamber 8 and are installed on the self-rotating shaft bearing seats 19. The self-rotating shaft bearing seats 19 are installed on both sides of the shot blasting chamber 8. The two ends of each self-rotating shaft 13 are respectively connected to the protective sleeves 22 by keys. Crankshaft support discs 17 for supporting the self-rotation of the crankshaft 30 are respectively installed on both sides of each protective sleeve 22. Double sprockets 22 are respectively installed at the two ends of each self-rotating shaft 13, and the double sprockets 22 are connected by a chain 20. A single sprocket is installed on the self-rotating shaft motor 7, and the single sprocket is connected to the double sprocket 22 on at least one self-rotating shaft 13 by a chain. A dust removal duct 23 for connecting a dust collector is provided on one side of the shot blasting chamber 8. Specifically, the shot blasting chamber 8 includes a connection frame 801, a self-rotating shaft support frame 802, a shot material hopper 803, a hopper disc 806, and a hopper cylinder 807. The connection frame 801 is a rectangular frame with a hollow center. The self-rotating shaft support frame 802 is installed on the top of the connection frame 801. The two ends of each self-rotating shaft 13 respectively pass through the self-rotating shaft support frame 802 and are installed on the self-rotating shaft bearing seats 19. The two self-rotating shaft bearing seats 19 are respectively symmetrically installed on both sides of the connection frame 801. The shot material hopper 803 is installed at the bottom of the connection frame 801. The shot material hopper 803 is formed by connecting a hopper side plate 804 and a hopper bottom plate 805 to form an inverted trapezoid. The hopper disc 807 is installed on the top of the hopper cylinder 806, and the bottom of the hopper cylinder 806 is installed on the hopper bottom plate 805. The self-rotating shaft motor 7 is installed on one side of the shot blasting chamber bracket 2.

[0057] One end of the movable cover plate 6 is connected to one end of the movable slide plate 9 by screws. The other end of the movable cover plate 6 is located on the roller path 18. On both sides of the top of the movable cover plate 6, spray gun angle rotating shaft brackets 25 are respectively installed. Both ends of the two spray gun angle rotating shafts 24 are respectively installed on the spray gun angle rotating shaft brackets 25 through bearings. A spray gun angle rotating shaft clamping device 16 is arranged between the two spray gun angle rotating shaft brackets 25. The clamping spray gun angle rotating shaft 24 is inserted and clamped on the spray gun angle rotating shaft clamping device 16. The spray gun angle rotating shaft clamping device 16 is used to clamp and fix the spray gun angle rotating shaft 24 with an adjusted angle. Specifically, the spray gun angle rotating shaft clamping device 16 includes a fixed bracket 161, a fixed clamping plate 162 and a movable clamping plate 163. The two fixed clamping plates 162 are respectively installed at one end on both sides of the fixed bracket 161. Insert pin ears 164 are respectively arranged at the other ends on both sides of the fixed bracket 161. One end of each movable clamping plate 163 is respectively installed on the insert pin ear 164 through an insert pin 165 and a snap pin 166. The other end of each movable clamping plate 163 is respectively connected to each fixed clamping plate 162 through a screw and nut assembly 169. The two spray gun angle rotating shafts 24 are respectively clamped between the fixed clamping plate 162 and the movable clamping plate 163. Arc-shaped grooves 167 adapted to the spray gun angle rotating shaft are respectively arranged on the two movable clamping plates 163. Wear-resistant glue 168 is bonded in the arc-shaped grooves 167 to increase the friction between the spray gun angle rotating shaft clamping device 16 and the spray gun angle rotating shaft 24 and prevent shaking during work.

[0058] A ring is arranged on the spray gun angle rotating shaft 13. The spray gun 5 passes through the ring and the movable cover plate 6 and is installed at the bottom of the movable cover plate 6. The purpose is to drive the movable slide plate 9 by the movable slide plate motor 3 to drive the spray gun 5 installed at the bottom of the movable cover plate 6 to move towards the direction of the shot blasting chamber 8 above the crankshaft to be shot blasted, and perform shot blasting on the crankshaft to be shot blasted. One end of each spray gun angle rotating shaft 13 is installed with a spray gun angle rotating shaft handwheel 15. The spray gun angle rotating shaft 13 is rotated through the spray gun angle rotating shaft handwheel 15 to adjust the spraying angle of the spray gun 5.

[0059] The PLC control system includes a PLC controller, an inverter, a contactor, a relay, a touch screen, a proximity switch sensor, a button, an incremental encoder, a moving slide motor, a self-rotating shaft motor, and a power supply. The inverter, the contactor, the relay, the touch screen, the proximity switch sensor, and the button are respectively connected to the PLC controller. The inverter and the contactor are respectively connected to the relay. The moving slide motor 3 is connected to the inverter, and the inverter is connected to the incremental encoder 4. The incremental encoder 4 is installed at the end of the motor rotor shaft of the moving slide motor 3 through an encoder coupling sleeve 310. The function of the incremental encoder 4 is to read the rotation number signal of the moving slide motor 3 and feedback the signal to the PLC controller. The PLC controller calculates the position of the moving slide according to the feedback signal, so as to set the key shot peening positions of different lengths of crankshafts 30, and the PLC controller controls the frequency of the inverter according to the moving position information obtained by the incremental encoder to drive the moving slide motor 3 to drive the moving cover plate 6 to stop moving for key shot peening. The self-rotating shaft motor 7 is connected to the contactor. Proximity switch sensors at the initial position and the stop position are respectively installed at both ends of each guide rail 12. The power supply provides the working voltages for the PLC controller, the relay, the inverter, the contactor, the proximity switch sensor, the touch screen, the button, the moving slide motor, and the self-rotating shaft motor.

[0060] The function of the touch screen is that the operator can set the operating parameters of the shot peening device through the touch screen, such as the running speed of the moving plate, the shot peening position, the pause time, the start shot peening position, the pause position and time, the stop shot peening position, etc. The touch screen also provides a start / stop button for controlling the operation of the shot peening device and real-time displaying the operating status of the device, such as the position of the moving plate, the operating status of the shot peening system, the rotation speed of the motor, etc.

[0061] The wiring of the electrical control part of this embodiment is as Figure 13 shown. The control circuit diagram of the self-rotating motor M2 is as Figure 14 shown, including the connection methods of components such as a circuit breaker QFB, a contactor KM1, a contactor KM2, a thermal relay KA7, and a thermal relay KA8. The connection method, working principle, and working process are all conventional settings. No specific description will be given here.

[0062] Working principle:

[0063] Before use, connect the spray gun 5 to the shot blasting machine (not shown in the figure) through a spray pipe, connect the shot blasting machine and the dust collector 26 to the PLC controller, connect the dust collector 26 to the dust removal pipeline 23, set the shot blasting process parameters for different crankshaft numbers through the touch screen, select the crankshaft number to be shot blasted, press the button, and the PLC controller sends control instructions to the frequency converter and the contactor according to the shot blasting process parameters corresponding to the crankshaft number; Place the crankshaft to be shot blasted between the crankshaft support discs 17 adjacent to the self-rotating shaft 13. The PLC controller sends start instructions to the contactor, the frequency converter, and the dust collector respectively. The contactor controls the start of the self-rotating shaft motor 7, drives the self-rotating shaft 13 to rotate through the chain, and makes the crankshaft rotate around its own axis; The frequency converter controls the start of the moving slide motor 3. Through the engagement of the driving gear 311 and the rack 10, the moving slide 9 is driven to move linearly left or right along the guide rail 12. The moving slide 9 drives the moving cover plate 6 to move along the roller path 18 to the shot blasting position. During the movement, the incremental encoder 4 reads the signal of the rotation number of the moving slide motor 33 and feeds the signal back to the PLC controller. The PLC controller calculates the position of the moving slide according to the feedback signal and adjusts the rotation speed of the moving slide motor to control the moving cover plate to reach the shot blasting position. At the same time, the dust collector performs dust removal work during the shot blasting process; Adjust the handwheel of the spray gun angle rotating shaft 15 to drive the spray gun angle rotating shaft 24 to rotate on the spray gun angle rotating shaft bracket 15, change the spraying angle of the spray gun 5, and make the spraying direction of the spray gun 5 aim at the part of the crankshaft to be shot blasted. The PLC controller controls the start of the shot blasting machine, makes the shot material spray out from the spray gun 5, and performs shot blasting treatment on the crankshaft 30. At the same time, the incremental encoder 4 monitors the rotation number of the moving slide motor 3 in real time and feeds the signal back to the PLC controller. The PLC controller calculates the position of the moving slide according to the feedback signal and adjusts the output frequency of the frequency converter to control the rotation speed of the moving slide motor 3, so that the moving slide moves forward slowly; When the moving slide drives the spray gun to reach the key shot blasting position of the crankshaft, the moving slide stops moving. Until the shot blasting time reaches the preset value, the moving slide continues to move forward slowly; After the moving slide moves forward to the proximity switch sensor at the stop position, the PLC controller controls the shot blasting machine to stop working, sends an instruction to the frequency converter to control the moving slide motor 3 to rotate in the reverse direction, drives the moving slide 9 to return to the initial position along the guide rail 12, moves the moving cover plate 6 away, the PLC controller sends an instruction to control the self-rotating shaft motor 7 to stop working, stops the rotation of the crankshaft 30, takes out the shot blasted crankshaft 30, and then transfers the shot blasted crankshaft to the process of the special shot blasting machine for crankshafts.

[0064] The shot blasting method based on the above-mentioned automatic shot blasting device for crankshafts includes the following steps:

[0065] Step 1, as Figure 15As shown in the figure, the spray gun 5 is connected to the shot blasting machine through a spray pipe. The shot blasting machine, the loading and unloading robot 28, and the dust collector 26 are connected to the PLC controller, and the dust collector 26 is connected to the dust removal pipe 23. The above-mentioned automatic shot blasting device for crankshafts and the loading and unloading robot 28 are placed between the crankshaft production line 29 and the shot blasting machine. The loading and unloading robot 28 is located beside the shot blasting chamber 8 of the automatic shot blasting device for crankshafts, so that the loading and unloading robot 28 can grab the crankshaft 30 from the crankshaft production line 29 and place it on the crankshaft support disc 17 of the automatic shot blasting device for crankshafts for shot blasting work. The shot blasting process parameters include the moving speed of the moving slide motor 3, the rotation speed of the self-rotating shaft motor 7, the starting position of shot blasting, the shot blasting time, the shot blasting pause position, and the shot blasting pause time.

[0066] Step 2: Set the shot blasting process parameters for different crankshaft numbers through the touch screen, select the crankshaft number to be shot blasted, and press the button. The PLC controller sends control commands to the frequency converter and the contactor according to the shot blasting process parameters corresponding to the crankshaft number.

[0067] Step 3: Drive the rotation of the spray gun angle rotating shaft 24 on the spray gun angle rotating shaft bracket 25 by adjusting the spray gun angle rotating handwheel 15 to change the spraying angle of the spray gun 5, so that the spraying direction of the spray gun 5 is aligned with the part of the crankshaft 30 to be shot blasted. The PLC controller sends a loading signal to the loading and unloading robot 28 to place the crankshaft to be shot blasted between the crankshaft support discs of adjacent self-rotating shafts. The PLC controller sends a start command to the contactor, the frequency converter, and the dust collector. The contactor controls the start of the self-rotating shaft motor 7, and drives the self-rotating shaft 13 to rotate through the chain 20, so that the crankshaft 30 rotates around its own axis. The frequency converter controls the start of the moving slide motor 3, and drives the moving slide 9 to move along the guide rail 12 through the meshing of the driving gear 311 and the rack 10. The moving slide 9 drives the moving cover plate 6 to move along the roller path 18 to the shot blasting position. During the movement, the incremental encoder 4 reads the signal of the number of rotation turns of the moving slide motor 33 and feeds the signal back to the PLC controller. The PLC controller calculates the position of the moving slide according to the feedback signal and adjusts the rotation speed of the moving slide motor to control the moving cover plate to reach the shot blasting position. At the same time, the dust collector performs dust removal work during the shot blasting process.

[0068] Step 4: The PLC controller controls the start of the shot blasting machine to make the shot material spray out from the spray gun 5 to perform shot blasting treatment on the crankshaft 30. At the same time, the incremental encoder 4 monitors the number of rotation turns of the moving slide motor 3 in real time and feeds the signal back to the PLC controller. The PLC controller calculates the position of the moving slide according to the feedback signal and adjusts the output frequency of the frequency converter to control the rotation speed of the moving slide motor 3, so that the moving slide moves forward slowly. When the moving slide drives the spray gun to reach the key shot blasting position of the crankshaft, the moving slide stops moving until the shot blasting time reaches the preset value, and then the moving slide continues to move forward slowly.

[0069] Step 5, after the moving skateboard moves forward to the proximity switch sensor at the stop position, the PLC controller controls the shot blasting machine to stop working, and sends an instruction to the frequency converter to control the reverse rotation of the moving skateboard motor 3, driving the moving skateboard 9 to return to the initial position along the guide rail 12, moving the moving cover plate 6 away, the PLC controller sends an instruction to control the self-rotating shaft motor 7 to stop working, stopping the rotation of the crankshaft 30, the PLC controller sends a discharging signal to the loading and unloading robot 28 to take out the shot-blasted crankshaft 30, after the loading and unloading robot 28 takes out the crankshaft 30, it is transferred to the special shot blasting machine 27 for shot blasting treatment of the crankshaft, and continues to repeat the operations of Step 1 to Step 5 to enter the next cycle.

Claims

1. Automatic crankshaft shot peening device, characterized in that: It includes a movable slide bracket, a shot blasting room bracket, a guide rail, a slider, a movable slide, a rack, a shot blasting room, a roller, a movable cover plate, a rotating shaft, a rotating shaft bearing seat, a protective sleeve, a crankshaft support disc, a spray gun angle rotating shaft, a spray gun angle rotating shaft bracket, a spray gun angle rotating shaft clamping device and a spray gun angle rotating shaft hand wheel; The shot blasting chamber bracket and the movable skateboard bracket are arranged in parallel, guide rails are respectively arranged on both sides of the top of the movable skateboard bracket, the movable skateboard is mounted on the guide rails through a slider, a rack is arranged between the two guide rails, the rack is mounted on the rack mounting beam, and both ends of the rack mounting beam are respectively mounted on the movable skateboard bracket; The shot peening room is installed on the shot peening room bracket, the two rollers are parallel to the guide rails and installed on both sides of the shot peening room, multiple rotating shafts are parallel to the rollers, and the two ends of the multiple rotating shafts pass through the shot peening room and are installed on the rotating shaft bearing seats, the rotating shaft bearing seats are installed on both sides of the shot peening room, each rotating shaft is respectively sleeved with a protective sleeve, the two crankshaft support discs are respectively detachably installed on the protective sleeves, each rotating shaft is respectively installed with double sprockets at both ends, and the double sprockets are connected by a chain; the two crankshaft support discs are respectively installed on the protective sleeves through screw and nut assemblies; One end of the movable cover is connected to one end of the movable slide plate, and the other end of the movable cover is located on the roller table. Spray gun angle shaft brackets are respectively installed on both sides of the top of the movable cover, and both ends of the two spray gun angle shafts are respectively installed on the spray gun angle shaft brackets through bearings. A spray gun angle shaft clamping device is provided between the two spray gun angle shaft brackets, and the clamping spray gun angle shaft is passed through and clamped on the spray gun angle shaft clamping device. A ring is provided on the spray gun angle shaft, and the spray gun passes through the ring and the movable cover and is installed at the bottom of the movable cover, and a spray gun angle shaft handwheel is installed at one end of each spray gun angle shaft.

2. The crankshaft automatic shot peening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The device comprises a shot blasting machine and a dust collector. The shot blasting machine is connected to a blasting gun. A dust removal pipeline is arranged on one side of the shot blasting room. The dust collector is connected to the dust removal pipeline.

3. The automatic crankshaft shot peening device according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a PLC control system, which includes a PLC controller, a frequency converter, a contactor, a relay, a touch screen, a proximity switch sensor at the initial position, a proximity switch sensor at the stop position, a button, an incremental encoder, a mobile skateboard motor, a rotating shaft motor and a power supply. The frequency converter, contactor, relay, touch screen, the proximity switch sensor at the initial position, the proximity switch sensor at the stop position, the button, the incremental encoder, the shot blasting machine and the dust collector are respectively connected to the PLC controller, the frequency converter and the contactor are respectively connected to the relay, the mobile skateboard motor is connected to the frequency converter, and the incremental encoder is connected to the encoder. The encoder coupling sleeve is installed at the end of the motor rotor shaft of the mobile skateboard motor, the self-rotating shaft motor is connected to the contactor, and a proximity switch sensor at the initial position and a proximity switch sensor at the stop position are respectively installed at both ends of each guide rail. The mobile skateboard motor is installed on the top of the mobile skateboard, and the driving gear of the mobile skateboard motor passes through the mobile skateboard and is meshed with the rack. A single sprocket is installed on the self-rotating shaft motor, and the single sprocket is connected to the double sprocket on at least one self-rotating shaft through a chain. The power supply provides working voltage for the PLC controller, relay, frequency converter, contactor, proximity switch sensor, touch screen, button, mobile skateboard motor and self-rotating shaft motor respectively.

4. The crankshaft automatic shot peening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spray gun angle shaft clamping device includes a fixed bracket, a fixed splint and a movable splint, the two fixed splints are respectively installed at one end of both sides of the fixed bracket, the other ends of both sides of the fixed bracket are respectively provided with latch ears, one end of each movable splint is respectively installed on the latch ear through a latch and a bayonet, the other end of each movable splint is respectively connected to each fixed splint through a screw and nut assembly, the two spray gun angle shafts are respectively clamped between the fixed splint and the movable splint, and the two movable splints are respectively provided with arc grooves adapted to the spray gun angle shaft, and wear-resistant rubber is provided in the arc grooves.

5. The crankshaft automatic shot peening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shot blasting room comprises a connecting frame, a rotating shaft supporting frame, a shot hopper, a bucket disc and a bucket cylinder. The connecting frame is in the shape of a U-shaped Chinese character. The rotating shaft supporting frame is installed on the top of the connecting frame. Both ends of each rotating shaft pass through the rotating shaft supporting frame and are installed on the rotating shaft bearing seats. The two rotating shaft bearing seats are symmetrically installed on both sides of the connecting frame. The shot hopper is installed on the bottom of the connecting frame. The shot hopper is connected by a bucket side plate and a bucket bottom plate to form an inverted trapezoid. The bucket disc is installed on the top of the bucket cylinder. The bottom of the bucket cylinder is installed on the bucket bottom plate. The rotating shaft motor is installed on the shot blasting room bracket.

6. The crankshaft automatic shot peening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The roller table includes a roller table frame, a roller shaft, a bearing sleeve, a roller and a locking ring. The roller table frame is rectangular, and a plurality of bearing sleeves are arranged in a linear array inside the roller table frame. A bearing is installed in each bearing sleeve. A plurality of rollers are respectively connected to the roller shafts. Each roller shaft is respectively connected to the locking ring through the bearing. The top surface of the roller is 0.5 mm higher than the top surface of the rotating shaft support frame.

7. The automatic crankshaft shot peening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between the two crankshaft supporting discs is adjusted according to the length of the crankshaft.

8. The shot peening method of the crankshaft automatic shot peening device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1, connect the spray gun to the shot peening machine through the spray pipe, connect the shot peening machine and the dust collector to the PLC controller, and connect the dust collector to the dust removal pipeline; Step 2, set the shot peening process parameters of different crankshaft numbers through the touch screen, select the crankshaft number that needs to be shot peened, press the button, and the PLC controller sends control instructions to the frequency converter and contactor according to the shot peening process parameters corresponding to the crankshaft number; Step 3, by adjusting the spray gun angle shaft hand wheel to drive the rotation of the spray gun angle shaft on the spray gun angle shaft bracket, the spray angle of the spray gun is changed, and the spray direction of the spray gun is aligned with the part of the crankshaft to be shot peened, and the crankshaft to be shot peened is placed between the crankshaft support discs of adjacent self-rotating shafts, and a start instruction is sent to the contactor, the frequency converter and the dust collector through the PLC controller. The contactor controls the start of the self-rotating shaft motor, and drives the self-rotating shaft to rotate through the chain, so that the crankshaft rotates around its own axis; the frequency converter controls the start of the moving skateboard motor, and drives the moving skateboard to move along the guide rail through the engagement of the driving gear and the rack, and the moving skateboard drives the moving cover plate to move along the roller to the shot peening position. During the movement, the incremental encoder reads the motor rotation number signal and feeds the signal back to the PLC controller. The PLC controller calculates the position of the moving skateboard according to the feedback signal and adjusts the speed of the moving skateboard motor to control the moving cover plate to reach the shot peening position. The dust collector performs dust removal during the shot peening process; Step 4, the PLC controller controls the shot peening machine to start, so that the shot material is sprayed from the spray gun to perform shot peening on the crankshaft. At the same time, the incremental encoder monitors the number of rotations of the moving slide motor in real time and feeds back the signal to the PLC controller. The PLC controller calculates the position of the moving slide according to the feedback signal and adjusts the output frequency of the inverter to control the speed of the moving slide motor, so that the moving slide moves forward slowly; when the moving slide arrives at the position of the crankshaft that needs to be shot peened with the spray gun, the moving slide stops moving until the shot peening time reaches the preset value, and then the moving slide continues to move forward slowly; Step 5, after the moving slide moves forward to the proximity switch sensor of the stop position, the PLC controller controls the shot peening machine to stop working, and sends a command to the frequency converter to control the moving slide motor to rotate in the opposite direction, driving the moving slide to return along the guide rail to the proximity switch sensor of the initial position, and removing the moving cover. The PLC controller sends a command to control the rotating shaft motor to stop working, stop the rotation of the crankshaft, take out the crankshaft after shot peening, and repeat steps 1 to 5 after the crankshaft is taken out to enter the next cycle.

9. The shot peening method according to claim 8, characterized in that The shot peening process parameters in step 1 include the moving speed of the moving slide motor, the rotation speed of the rotating shaft motor, the starting position of shot peening, the shot peening time, the shot peening pause position, and the shot peening pause time.

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