Vehicle braking system

Abstract

The invention relates to a vehicle braking system, which belongs to the technical field of vehicle braking, and comprises a braking driver, an actuating mechanism, a braking mechanism and a shell, the actuating mechanism and the brake mechanism are arranged in the shell, the brake mechanism comprises a brake disc and at least two groups of friction plates, the brake disc is connected with a vehicle brake shaft, and the two groups of friction plates are respectively arranged on two sides of the brake disc; and the brake driver is used for driving the executing mechanism to move and changing the extrusion and separation states between the executing mechanism and the brake mechanism. The vehicle braking system is applied to a low-speed electric vehicle, has the advantages of being small in size, simple in structure and high in reliability, and is used for improving the braking safety of the vehicle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of vehicle braking, and particularly relates to a vehicle braking system. Background Art

[0002] With the improvement of the urbanization process and environmental awareness, the market for low-speed electric vehicles is continuously growing. Low-speed electric vehicles can be divided into various types, including vehicles for short-distance travel of residents, vehicles for use within a venue, etc., and are widely used in environments such as urban transportation, rural transportation, hotels, golf courses, airports, tourist destinations, etc.

[0003] The current low-speed electric vehicles include a hydraulic braking system. The driver starts the braking system by stepping on the pedal. That is, when the driver steps on the brake pedal, the piston in the master cylinder moves and is pushed through the brake fluid into the brake wheel cylinder. The piston in the brake wheel cylinder pushes the brake pads into contact with the brake disc or brake drum, generating frictional force, thereby reducing or stopping the rotation of the wheel.

[0004] Regarding the above technical phenomenon, the inventor believes that hydraulic braking is a braking system commonly used in modern vehicles. Although it has the characteristics of rapid response and good braking effect, the hydraulic braking system also has its limitations. For example, the brake fluid has the phenomenon of absorbing water, resulting in a decline in braking performance. At the same time, there is also a risk of leakage in the hydraulic system. Therefore, the inventor invented a new type of vehicle braking system to assist in emergency braking and parking functions. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a vehicle braking system to assist in braking and parking for low-speed electric vehicles, so as to enhance the braking safety of the vehicle.

[0006] A vehicle braking system provided by the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A vehicle braking system includes a braking driver, an actuator, a braking mechanism, and a housing;

[0008] The actuator and the braking mechanism are arranged in the housing. The braking mechanism includes a brake disc and friction pads. The brake disc is connected to the vehicle brake shaft. There are at least two groups of friction pads, and the two groups of friction pads are respectively arranged on both sides of the brake disc;

[0009] The braking driver is used to drive the actuator to move, and the braking driver is used to change the squeezing and separating state between the actuator and the braking mechanism.

[0010] Preferably, an installation hole is provided at the central position of the brake disc, and a sleeve is connected to the installation hole. The connection method between the installation hole and the sleeve includes any one of spline tooth connection, rectangular tooth connection, and hexagonal structure connection;

[0011] The sleeve is connected to the circumferential side wall of the vehicle brake shaft through a flat key.

[0012] Preferably, an annular groove is formed in the circumferential inner wall of the sleeve, and rubber rings are respectively installed in the annular groove.

[0013] Preferably, the actuator includes a thrust piston and a transmission assembly. The thrust piston is slidably disposed in the housing, and a reserved groove is formed at one end of the thrust piston facing the brake disc.

[0014] The brake driver is used to drive the transmission assembly, and the transmission assembly is used to drive the thrust piston to perform reciprocating motion.

[0015] Preferably, a set of the friction plates is fixedly disposed on one side of the thrust piston facing the brake disc.

[0016] Preferably, the transmission assembly includes a lead screw and a radial stop.

[0017] A lead screw nut is fixedly connected to the central position of the thrust piston. The lead screw is connected in the lead screw nut, and one end of the lead screw away from the thrust piston is connected to the brake driver.

[0018] Preferably, the radial stop is disposed on the circumferential side of one end of the lead screw away from the thrust piston, and a thrust bearing is disposed between the side of the radial stop facing away from the thrust piston and the housing wall.

[0019] Preferably, the housing includes a mounting shell and a flange. The driving brake is disposed at one end of the mounting shell in the length direction, and the flange is disposed at the end of the mounting shell away from the driving brake.

[0020] Preferably, a set of the friction plates is disposed on one side of the flange facing the braking mechanism.

[0021] Preferably, a backing plate is disposed on one side of the flange facing the braking mechanism, and a set of the friction plates is disposed on the surface of the backing plate.

[0022] In summary, the present invention includes the following beneficial technical effects:

[0023] 1. The brake disc in the actuator of the present invention is connected to the vehicle brake shaft. The vehicle brake shaft in the present invention is the shaft body of the motor shaft or the shaft body connecting the axle and the motor shaft, that is, the braking mechanism and the shaft body coaxial with the motor shaft rotate simultaneously. The actuator moves in the housing under the action of the braking driver. When pre-braking the vehicle, the actuator moves towards the braking mechanism until it contacts the friction plate in the braking mechanism, and the braking structure is squeezed between the actuator and the housing, then the braking can be completed. After the braking is over, the actuator moves away from the braking mechanism, and the braking mechanism is no longer in a squeezed state, and the braking is released. The braking system in the invention has a simple structure, can not only realize parking braking, but also play the role of backup emergency braking, has a small volume and is convenient for installation, thus improving the braking reliability and safety of the vehicle.

[0024] 2. The friction plates in the present invention are distributed on the opposite sides of the brake disc, and during the braking process, the surfaces of the two groups of friction plates clamping the brake disc are all friction surfaces, thus increasing the friction area during the braking process. And due to the heat insulation effect of the friction plates, very little heat is transferred to the housing, avoiding the phenomena of oil seal and motor damage caused by overheating, and improving the safety and reliability of the braking system. Description of the Drawings

[0025] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle braking system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 is a sectional structural diagram of the vehicle braking system.

[0027] Description of the reference numerals: 1, braking driver; 2, actuator; 21, thrust piston; 211, lead screw nut; 212, reserved groove; 22, transmission component; 221, lead screw; 222, radial stop; 223, thrust bearing; 3, braking mechanism; 31, brake disc; 311, mounting hole; 312, sleeve; 313, annular groove; 314, rubber ring; 4, housing; 41, mounting shell; 42, flange; 421, backing plate; 5, vehicle brake shaft. Detailed Embodiment

[0028] The following will Figure 1-2 further describe the present invention in detail.

[0029] The present invention provides a vehicle braking system. Refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2, including a braking driver 1, an actuator 2, a braking mechanism 3 and a housing 4. The housing 4 includes a mounting housing 41 and a flange 42. In this embodiment, the flange 42 and the braking driver 1 are respectively connected to both ends of the mounting housing 41 in the length direction by bolts, and the flange 42 is fixedly mounted on the vehicle frame. The actuator 2 and the braking mechanism 3 are movably arranged in the housing 4, that is, the actuator 2 and the braking mechanism 3 are located between the braking driver 1 and the flange 42. The braking driver 1 is used to drive the actuator 2 to move in the housing 4, realizing the extrusion and separation states of the actuator 2 on the braking mechanism 3. When the actuator 2 contacts the braking mechanism 3 and the braking mechanism 3 is in the extruded state, it is the braking process. When the actuator 2 and the braking mechanism 3 are separated and the braking mechanism 3 returns to the initial state, the braking is released.

[0030] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the braking mechanism 3 acts on the vehicle brake shaft 5. In this embodiment, the vehicle brake shaft 5 is a motor shaft or a shaft body connected by the axle and the motor shaft. The braking mechanism 3 includes a brake disc 31 and friction plates 32. There are two groups of friction plates 32, and the two groups of friction plates 32 are respectively arranged on opposite sides of the brake disc 31. The brake disc 31 is connected to the vehicle brake shaft 5, and the friction plates 32 are provided with through holes for the vehicle brake shaft 5 to pass through. That is, during the vehicle driving process, the vehicle brake shaft 5 is in a rotating state, and the state of the brake disc 31 is the same as that of the vehicle brake shaft 5, also in a rotating state. During the braking process, the actuator 2 generates an extrusion force on the braking mechanism 3, and the two groups of friction plates 32 respectively rub on both sides of the brake disc 31 until the braking process ends. The setting of the friction plates 32 is beneficial to the dissipation of heat, so as to reduce the phenomenon of oil seal and damage caused by heat transfer to the vehicle brake shaft 5 and the housing 4, and improve the safety and reliability of the braking system.

[0031] Referring to Figure 2, in another preferred embodiment, an installation hole 311 is provided at the center position of the brake disc 31. At the installation hole 311, a sleeve 312 is connected by any one of spline tooth connection, flat key tooth connection or hexagonal structure connection, that is, the installation hole 311 adopts any one of spline, flat key or hexagonal structure, and the sleeve 312 is provided with any one of spline, flat key or hexagonal structure adapted thereto; the sleeve 312 is connected to the circumferential side wall of the vehicle brake shaft 5 by a flat key; if the brake shaft 5 is provided with an external spline structure, the sleeve 312 is matched with the brake shaft 5 by a spline. That is, during the braking process, when the brake disc 31 moves towards the flange 42 under the action of the actuator 2, the sleeve 312 has a displacement phenomenon towards the flange 42 on the shaft body of the vehicle brake shaft 5. After the actuator 2 presses the brake mechanism 3, the reverse torque of the vehicle is transmitted to the housing 4 through the brake disc 31, thereby realizing braking; conversely, when starting the vehicle, the brake disc 31 and the friction plate 32 return to the initial clearance state, realizing the release of the braking state. A ring groove 313 is provided on the circumferential inner wall of the sleeve 312. In this embodiment, at least one group of ring grooves 313 is provided, and a rubber ring 314 is installed in the ring groove 313. The rubber ring 314 is always in a state of being squeezed by the vehicle brake shaft 5 and the sleeve 312, thereby reducing the phenomenon of the vehicle brake shaft 5 shaking in the sleeve 312.

[0032] Refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the actuator 2 includes a thrust piston 21 and a transmission component 22. The brake driver 1 is connected to the transmission component 22, that is, the brake driver 1 is used to drive the transmission component 22, and the transmission component 22 is used to drive the thrust piston 21 to reciprocate; the thrust piston 21 is slidably arranged in the installation shell 41, that is, the thrust piston 21 can slide in the installation shell 41 along the length direction of the vehicle brake shaft 5. A reserved groove 212 is provided at one end of the thrust piston 21 facing the brake disc 31, that is, when the thrust piston 21 moves towards the brake mechanism 3, the setting of the reserved groove provides a placement space for the vehicle brake shaft 5.

[0033] Refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2, the transmission assembly 22 includes a lead screw 221 and a radial stop 222. A lead screw nut 211 is fixedly connected to the central position of the thrust piston 21. The lead screw 221 and the lead screw nut 211 achieve a lead screw drive. One end of the lead screw 221 away from the thrust piston 21 is spline-connected to the brake actuator 1 to achieve a shaft drive. The brake actuator 1 in this embodiment is an existing automotive EPB motor assembly. The reducer in the brake actuator 1 is connected to the lead screw 221, that is, the lead screw 221 rotates under the action of the brake actuator 1, and the thrust piston 21 slides in the mounting housing 41 under the action of the lead screw 221. Thus, the thrust piston 21 can move toward or away from the brake mechanism 3 under the action of the brake actuator 1. The radial stop 222 is located on the circumferential side of one end of the lead screw 221 away from the thrust piston 21. A thrust bearing 223 is provided between the side of the radial stop 222 facing away from the thrust piston 21 and the wall of the housing 4. The thrust bearing 223 plays a supporting role for the actuator 2.

[0034] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , a set of friction plates 32 is fixedly provided on the side of the flange 42 facing the brake mechanism 3. To ensure full contact between the friction plates 32 and the brake disc 42, prevent local overload of the flange 42, enhance the smoothness of the braking process, and reduce the direct transfer of heat to the flange 42 and the vehicle frame, a backing plate 421 is supported on the side of the flange 42 facing the brake mechanism 3. In this embodiment, a set of friction plates 32 is fixed to the surface of the backing plate 421, and another set of friction plates 32 is fixed to the surface of the thrust piston 21 facing the brake mechanism 3. That is, during braking, the thrust piston 21 moves toward the brake disc 31. The friction plate 32 on the surface of the thrust piston 21 first comes into frictional contact with the brake disc 31. The brake disc 31 moves toward the backing plate 421 under the action of the thrust piston 21 until the brake disc 31 comes into frictional contact with the friction plate 32 on the surface of the backing plate 421, and the brake disc 31 is in a squeezed state, thus completing the braking.

[0035] The working principle of a vehicle braking system of the present invention:

[0036] When the brake actuator 1 generates a braking torque, the lead screw 221 is controlled to rotate, and the thrust piston 21 moves toward the brake mechanism 3 until the friction plate 32 on the thrust piston 21 contacts the brake disc 31, and the brake disc 31 is in a state of being squeezed by the thrust piston 21 and the backing plate 421. Under the frictional action, the brake mechanism 3 stops rotating, that is, the vehicle brake shaft 5 stops rotating, and the braking process is completed;

[0037] When the brake driver 1 issues a release of the braking torque, the lead screw 221 rotates reversely, and the thrust piston 21 moves in a direction away from the brake disc 31 until the friction plates 32 on the thrust piston 21 and the friction plates 32 on the backing plate 421 are separated from the brake disc 31 respectively, and the braking mechanism 3 is reset, thus releasing the braking.

[0038] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby. Therefore, all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present invention shall be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vehicle braking system, characterized in that: It comprises a brake driver (1), an actuator (2), a brake mechanism (3) and a housing (4); The actuator (2) and the brake mechanism (3) are arranged in a housing (4); the brake mechanism (3) comprises a brake disc (31) and a friction plate (32); the brake disc (31) is connected to a vehicle brake shaft (5); the friction plate (32) is provided in at least two groups, and the two groups of friction plates (32) are respectively arranged on both sides of the brake disc (31); The brake driver (1) is used to drive the actuator (2) to move, and the brake driver (1) is used to change the squeezing and separation state between the actuator (2) and the brake mechanism (3).

2. A vehicle braking system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A mounting hole (311) is provided at the center of the brake disc (31), the mounting hole (311) is connected to a sleeve (312), and the mounting hole (311) and the sleeve (312) are connected in a manner including any one of a spline tooth connection, a rectangular tooth connection or a hexagonal structure connection; The sleeve (312) is connected to the circumferential side wall of the vehicle brake shaft (5) via a flat key.

3. A vehicle braking system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The circumferential inner wall of the sleeve (312) is provided with an annular groove (313), and a rubber ring (314) is respectively installed in the annular groove (313).

4. A vehicle braking system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The actuator (2) comprises a thrust piston (21) and a transmission assembly (22); the thrust piston (21) is slidably disposed in a housing (4); and a reserved groove is provided at one end of the thrust piston (21) facing the brake disc (31); The brake driver (1) is used to drive a transmission component (22), and the transmission component (22) is used to drive a thrust piston (21) to perform reciprocating motion.

5. A vehicle braking system according to claim 4, characterized in that: A group of friction plates (32) are fixedly arranged on a side of the thrust piston (21) facing the brake disc (31).

6. A vehicle braking system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The transmission assembly (22) comprises a lead screw (221) and a radial stopper (222); A lead screw nut (211) is fixedly connected to the center of the thrust piston (21), the lead screw (221) is connected inside the lead screw nut (211), and one end of the lead screw (221) away from the thrust piston (21) is connected to the brake driver (1).

7. A vehicle braking system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The radial stopper (222) is arranged on the circumferential side of one end of the lead screw (221) away from the thrust piston (21), and a thrust bearing (223) is arranged between the side of the radial stopper (222) away from the thrust piston (21) and the shell wall of the shell (4).

8. A vehicle braking system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The housing (4) comprises a mounting shell (41) and a flange (42); the drive brake is arranged at one end of the mounting shell (41) in the length direction; and the flange (42) is arranged at an end of the mounting shell (41) away from the drive brake.

9. A vehicle braking system according to claim 8, characterized in that: A group of friction plates (32) is arranged on a side of the flange (42) facing the brake mechanism (3).

10. A vehicle braking system according to claim 9, characterized in that: A backing plate (421) is arranged on the side of the flange facing the brake mechanism (3), and a group of friction plates (32) are arranged on the surface of the backing plate (421).

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