Unpowered roller and roller conveying line

Abstract

The invention discloses an unpowered roller and a roller conveying line. The unpowered roller comprises a roller body, a limiting mechanism, an adjusting mechanism and a stroke mechanism. The stroke mechanism is arranged in the roller body, the stroke mechanism is arranged outside the adjusting mechanism, and the two ends of the adjusting mechanism are rotationally installed in the positioning shaft sleeves respectively; the adjusting mechanism drives the stroke mechanism to move; the roller conveying line comprises one or more unpowered rollers, a conveying frame and a driving mechanism, and the driving mechanism drives the screw to rotate. The two sides of goods can be limited, the safety of goods conveying is guaranteed, the limiting mechanism can be adjusted, the goods conveying device can be suitable for goods of different sizes, and the flexibility of actual use is higher.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of transportation equipment, and particularly to a power-free roller and a roller conveyor line. Background Art

[0002] The power-free roller is also known as a power-free drum. Essentially, they belong to the same type of equipment and are a commonly used passive conveying device in the transportation field. A conveying system constructed by arranging multiple power-free rollers in parallel is defined as a power-free roller conveyor line. This conveyor line relies on manual pushing or gravity to move items and does not require an external power device for driving. It has significant characteristics such as power-free drive, low maintenance cost, high adaptability flexibility, and economic efficiency.

[0003] The existing power-free roller mainly consists of a roller body, bearings, a shaft, and a bracket. The roller body can rotate freely along the shaft through the bearings, thereby achieving the effect of moving goods on the surface of the roller conveyor line.

[0004] For traditional power-free rollers, their structures and functions are relatively simple, and most rollers have a smooth cylindrical shape. Moreover, due to the lack of a limiting mechanism on their surfaces, during the transmission of goods on the roller surface, the transmission space for the goods is relatively large. If the bottom of the goods is relatively smooth, it is very easy for the goods to slip axially along the roller, which may cause the goods to collide with the border components of the roller conveyor line, and even the goods may slip out of the roller conveyor line and fall to the ground, posing a risk of damage to the goods. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a power-free roller and a roller conveyor line to solve the problems raised in the above background art.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A power-free roller includes a roller body, more than one limiting mechanism, an adjusting mechanism, and more than one stroke mechanism;

[0007] More than one chute is provided on the surface of the roller body, positioning bushings are respectively arranged inside both ends of the roller body, and bearings are respectively arranged between the positioning bushings and the inside of both ends of the roller body;

[0008] The stroke mechanism is arranged inside the roller body, the stroke mechanism is arranged outside the adjusting mechanism, and both ends of the adjusting mechanism are respectively rotatably installed inside the positioning bushings;

[0009] The limiting mechanism is arranged outside the roller body, and the limiting mechanism is respectively connected to the stroke mechanism, and the adjusting mechanism drives the stroke mechanism to move.

[0010] Preferably, one end of the positioning bushing that penetrates through the outside of the roller body is hexagonal prism-shaped.

[0011] Preferably, the adjusting mechanism includes two screws. The central axes of the two screws coincide. Each screw is provided with a threaded portion and a smooth rod portion, and the two threaded portions are close to each other;

[0012] The smooth rod portions are respectively rotatably arranged inside the positioning bushing, and the threaded portions are respectively meshed with the inner wall of the stroke mechanism.

[0013] Preferably, the adjusting mechanism includes one screw. The screw is provided with two threaded portions and two smooth rod portions. The two smooth rod portions are respectively located at both ends of the screw, and the two threaded portions are mirror-image distributed;

[0014] The smooth rod portions are respectively rotatably arranged inside the positioning bushing, and the threaded portions are respectively meshed with the inner wall of the stroke mechanism.

[0015] Preferably, the adjusting mechanism includes fitting holes, and the fitting holes are respectively opened on the end face of the bolt head of the screw.

[0016] Preferably, the stroke mechanism includes an outer bushing, more than one ball, an inner bushing and more than one limiting groove;

[0017] The inner bushing is located inside the outer bushing. The limiting grooves are respectively located on the inner wall of the outer bushing and the outer wall of the inner bushing, and the balls are respectively arranged inside the limiting grooves.

[0018] Preferably, the stroke mechanism includes more than one limiting hole. The limiting holes are respectively opened inside the inner bushing, and both ends of the limiting holes respectively penetrate through the two side end faces of the inner bushing;

[0019] One side end face of the positioning bushing is respectively fixedly connected with more than one limiting shaft, and the limiting shafts are respectively slidably inserted into the limiting holes.

[0020] Preferably, the limiting mechanism includes a limiting sleeve and more than one connecting block;

[0021] The inner wall of the limiting sleeve is slidably attached to the outer wall of the roller body. The connecting blocks are respectively arranged on the inner wall of the limiting sleeve, and the connecting blocks respectively penetrate through the sliding grooves and are connected with the outer wall of the outer bushing.

[0022] A roller conveyor line includes more than one non-powered roller, a transmission rack and more than one set of driving mechanisms;

[0023] The non-powered rollers are arranged between the transmission racks, and the driving mechanisms are arranged inside the transmission racks;

[0024] One or more positioning holes are respectively formed in the opposite side surfaces of the transmission frame, one end of the positioning shaft sleeve is respectively inserted into the positioning hole, and the positioning hole matches the outer shape of one end of the positioning shaft sleeve;

[0025] The driving mechanism drives the screw rod to rotate.

[0026] Preferably, the driving mechanism includes one or more motors, one or more driving wheels, one or more driven wheels, one or more first transmission components and one or more second transmission components;

[0027] The driving wheel and the driven wheel are both rotatably installed inside the transmission frame, the driving wheel is connected to the output end of the motor, the driving wheel and the driven wheel are connected by a first transmission component, and the driven wheels are connected by a second transmission component;

[0028] The first transmission component and the second transmission component are respectively chains, and chain teeth are arranged on the surfaces of the driving wheel and the driven wheel;

[0029] Fitting blocks are respectively arranged on one side end surfaces of the driven wheels, and the fitting blocks are respectively inserted into the fitting holes.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0031] 1. By arranging the limiting mechanism, the present invention achieves the effect of restricting the range of goods transported on the surface of the roller body. The limiting mechanism can divide the space on the surface of the roller body, preventing the bottom surface of the goods from sliding axially along the roller body, thereby restricting the goods transport path to the middle part of the roller body, avoiding the consequences of the goods sliding axially along the roller body, resulting in the goods colliding with the edge of the conveyor line or falling off the conveyor line, and ensuring the stability of the transported goods;

[0032] 2. By arranging the adjusting mechanism and the stroke mechanism, the present invention achieves the effect of flexibly adjusting the position of the limiting mechanism. By the adjusting mechanism, the position of the stroke mechanism inside the roller body can be respectively adjusted, so as to adjust the position of the limiting mechanism, facilitating the adjustment of the position of the limiting mechanism on the roller body and the distance between the limiting mechanisms, thereby meeting the limiting transport requirements of goods of different sizes;

[0033] 3. By arranging the driving mechanism, the present invention achieves the effect of synchronously adjusting the position of the limiting mechanism. Through the driving mechanism, the limiting mechanisms on multiple roller bodies can be synchronously adjusted, effectively improving the efficiency of adjusting the position of the limiting mechanism, reducing the manual labor intensity on the one hand, and improving the flexibility and convenience in actual application on the other hand. Description of the Drawings

[0034] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the external structure of the roller body in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 Exploded view of the internal components of the roller body in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the internal sectional structure of the roller body in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the partial sectional structure of the roller body in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the sectional structure of the limit mechanism and the stroke mechanism in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the internal sectional structure of the roller body in the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the external structure of the roller conveyor line in the third embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the partial sectional structure of the transmission rack in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the partial top sectional structure of the transmission rack in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the external structure of the roller conveyor line in the fourth embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] In the figure:

[0045] 100, roller body; 101, chute; 110, positioning bushing; 111, limit shaft; 120, bearing;

[0046] 200, limit mechanism; 210, limit sleeve; 220, connecting block;

[0047] 300, adjusting mechanism; 310, screw; 311, fitting hole;

[0048] 400, stroke mechanism; 410, outer bushing; 420, ball; 430, limit hole; 440, inner bushing; 450, limit groove;

[0049] 500, transmission rack; 501, positioning hole;

[0050] 600. Driving mechanism; 610. Motor; 620. Driving wheel; 630. Driven wheel; 631. Fitting block; 640. First transmission component; 650. Second transmission component. Detailed implementation manners

[0051] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0052] Please refer to Figures 1 to 10 , and the present invention provides the following four embodiments:

[0053] Embodiment 1:

[0054] Please refer to Figures 1 to 5 , a power-free roller, including a roller body 100, one or more limiting mechanisms 200, an adjusting mechanism 300, and one or more stroke mechanisms 400.

[0055] Specifically, please refer to Figures 1 to 3 , the number of the limiting mechanisms 200 is two, and the number of the stroke mechanisms 400 is two.

[0056] Please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the stroke mechanism 400 is arranged inside the roller body 100, the stroke mechanism 400 is arranged outside the adjusting mechanism 300, and both ends of the adjusting mechanism 300 are respectively rotatably installed inside the positioning bush 110.

[0057] The limiting mechanism 200 is arranged outside the roller body 100, and the limiting mechanism 200 is respectively connected to the stroke mechanism 400, and the adjusting mechanism 300 drives the stroke mechanism 400 to move.

[0058] Specifically, the limiting mechanism 200 is used to divide the surface space of the roller body 100, so as to block the bottom surface of the goods from axially sliding along the roller body 100, adjust the spatial boundary required for goods transmission, and thus limit the goods transmission path to the middle part of the roller body 100, avoiding the consequences that the goods slide axially along the roller body, resulting in the collision of the goods with the edge of the conveyor line or the falling of the goods from the conveyor line, and ensuring the stability of the transmitted goods.

[0059] Specifically, the adjusting mechanism 300 is used to adjust the positions of the stroke mechanism 400 inside the roller body 100 respectively. By coordinating the connection relationship between the stroke mechanism 400 and the limiting mechanism 200, the position of the limiting mechanism 200 can be adjusted synchronously, so as to adjust the position of the limiting mechanism 200 on the roller body 100 and the distance between the limiting mechanisms 200, so as to meet the limiting requirements of different-sized goods during transportation.

[0060] Specifically, while the stroke mechanism 400 is used to drive the limiting mechanism 200 to move, it also achieves the effect that the limiting mechanism 200 can rotate synchronously with the roller body 100, avoiding the influence of the rotation of the limiting mechanism 200 on the positional relationship between the stroke mechanism 400 and the adjusting mechanism 300 when the roller body 100 drives the limiting mechanism 200 to rotate synchronously.

[0061] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , more than one chute 101 is provided on the surface of the roller body 100. Specifically, the number of chutes 101 is three.

[0062] It should be noted that the chute 101 constructs the connection space between the limiting mechanism 200 and the stroke mechanism 400, so that the limiting mechanism 200 can be connected to the surface of the outer bushing 410 of the stroke mechanism 400 through the connecting block 220, ensuring that the stroke mechanism 400 can drive the limiting mechanism 200 to move along the surface of the roller body 100.

[0063] Please refer to Figures 2 to 4 , positioning bushings 110 are respectively arranged inside both ends of the roller body 100, and bearings 120 are respectively arranged between the positioning bushings 110 and the inside of both ends of the roller body 100. The bearing 120 is used to achieve the effect of relative rotation between the roller 100 and the positioning bushing 110 and reduce mechanical wear.

[0064] It should be noted that, please refer to Figures 1 to 4 , one end of the positioning bushing 110 passing through the outside of the roller body 100 is hexagonal prism-shaped. The positioning bushing 110 serves as the installation part of the roller body 100. The roller body 100 is installed in the roller conveyor line through the positioning bushing 110. After the positioning bushing 110 is installed in the roller conveyor line through the hexagonal prism part, the positioning bushing 110 does not rotate relative to the roller conveyor line, that is, the positioning bushing 110 is in a fixed state, and the roller body 100 rotates relative to the positioning bushing 110 through the bearing 120.

[0065] Please refer to Figure 5 , the stroke mechanism 400 includes an outer bushing 410, more than one ball 420, an inner bushing 440 and more than one limiting groove 450.

[0066] Specifically, there are multiple ball bearings 420, and there are two or more limiting grooves 450.

[0067] Please refer to Figure 5 , the inner shaft sleeve 440 is located inside the outer shaft sleeve 410, the limiting grooves 450 are respectively located on the inner wall of the outer shaft sleeve 410 and the outer wall of the inner shaft sleeve 440, and the ball bearings 420 are respectively arranged inside the limiting grooves 450.

[0068] A rotatable component that can be independent of each other is formed between the outer shaft sleeve 410 and the inner shaft sleeve 440. The ball bearings 420 are used to increase the rotational smoothness between the outer shaft sleeve 410 and the inner shaft sleeve 440 and reduce mechanical wear. The limiting grooves 450 are used to limit the ball bearings 420 and restrict the movement range of the ball bearings 420. At the same time, the limiting grooves 450 filled with ball bearings 420 also play a role in keeping the axial positions of the outer shaft sleeve 410 and the inner shaft sleeve 440 stable, preventing the problem of detachment between the outer shaft sleeve 410 and the inner shaft sleeve 440.

[0069] Specifically, the function of the stroke mechanism 400 is to isolate the synchronous rotation relationship between the limiting mechanism 200 and the adjusting mechanism 300. During the rotation of the roller body 100, the limiting mechanism 200 rotates synchronously under the drive of the roller body 100. The limiting mechanism 200 has a direct connection relationship only with the outer shaft sleeve 410, and ball bearings 420 are arranged between the outer shaft sleeve 410 and the inner shaft sleeve 440. The ball bearings 420 rotate in the limiting grooves 450, which can achieve the effect of independent rotation of the outer shaft sleeve 410 relative to the inner shaft sleeve 440, effectively avoiding the influence on the meshing position of the thread part of the inner shaft sleeve 440 and the screw 310 when the limiting mechanism 200 rotates, and keeping the position of the limiting mechanism 200 stable.

[0070] Please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 5 , the stroke mechanism 400 includes more than one limiting hole 430, the limiting holes 430 are respectively opened inside the inner shaft sleeve 440, and both ends of the limiting holes 430 penetrate through the two side end faces of the inner shaft sleeve 440 respectively.

[0071] Specifically, the number of limiting holes 430 on each inner shaft sleeve 440 is three.

[0072] One or more limiting shafts 111 are fixedly connected to one side end face of the positioning shaft sleeve 110, and the limiting shafts 111 are respectively slidably inserted into the inside of the limiting holes 430.

[0073] The limiting shafts 111 are used to limit the inner shaft sleeve 440, prevent the inner shaft sleeve 440 from rotating, and ensure that when the screw 310 rotates, the inner shaft sleeve 440 can only generate axial displacement along the surface of the screw 310, so as to achieve the effect of the stroke mechanism 400 driving the limiting mechanism 200 to move.

[0074] Specifically, the number of the limiting shafts 111 is six, and three limiting shafts 111 are fixedly connected to the end face of each positioning shaft sleeve 110 respectively.

[0075] It should be noted that one end of the limiting shaft 111 far away from the positioning shaft sleeve 110 has no connection relationship with the middle support part of the roller body 100.

[0076] Please refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 , the limiting mechanism 200 includes a limiting sleeve 210 and more than one connecting block 220. Specifically, three connecting blocks 220 are respectively arranged on the inner wall of each limiting sleeve 210.

[0077] The inner wall of the limiting sleeve 210 is in sliding fit with the outer wall of the roller body 100. The connecting blocks 220 are respectively arranged on the inner wall of the limiting sleeve 210, and the connecting blocks 220 respectively penetrate through the sliding grooves 101 and are connected to the outer wall of the outer shaft sleeve 410.

[0078] Specifically, the edge of the limiting sleeve 210 is in a slope shape. The limiting sleeve 210 is used to guide the edge of the goods and separate the peripheral space of the roller body 100, adjust the spatial boundary required for goods transmission. On the one hand, it limits the transmission range of the goods, and on the other hand, it guides the goods into the transmission range, reduces the problem that the goods deviate by crossing the limiting sleeve 210, and further ensures the stability of goods transmission and avoids the problem that the goods move horizontally along the surface of the roller body 100.

[0079] The connecting blocks 220 are used to fixedly connect the limiting mechanism 200 and the stroke mechanism 400, so as to achieve the effect of keeping the limiting mechanism 200 and the stroke mechanism 400 moving synchronously.

[0080] Please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the adjusting mechanism 300 includes two screw rods 310. The axis lines of the two screw rods 310 coincide. A threaded part and a smooth rod part are respectively arranged on the screw rods 310, and the two threaded parts are close to each other.

[0081] It should be noted that one end of the two screw rods 310 far away from the positioning shaft sleeve 110 is rotatably installed inside the middle support part of the roller body 100.

[0082] The smooth rod parts are respectively rotatably arranged inside the positioning shaft sleeve 110, and the threaded parts are respectively meshed with the inner wall of the stroke mechanism 400.

[0083] The adjusting mechanism 300 drives the two stroke mechanisms 400 to move synchronously or independently through the two independent screw rods 310 respectively.

[0084] Specifically, when one of the screws 310 rotates, the limiting shaft 111 limits the inner bushing 440 of the stroke mechanism 400, so that during the rotation of the screw 310, the inner bushing 440 can be limited by the limiting shaft 111 and will not rotate synchronously with the screw 310.

[0085] When the screw 310 rotates relative to the inner bushing 440, the threaded portion meshes with the inner wall thread of the inner bushing 440, driving the inner bushing 440 to move along the surface of the screw 310, and then driving the stroke mechanism 400 to move along the axis direction of the roller body 100, so that the limiting mechanism 200 moves synchronously with the stroke mechanism 400 through the connecting block 220 until the limiting mechanism 200 moves to a specific position.

[0086] As above, when one of the screws 310 rotates, only the position of the limiting mechanism 200 corresponding to the rotating screw 310 on the surface of the roller body 100 can be adjusted. After the limiting mechanism 200 moves to a specific position, stop rotating the screw 310. The threaded portion of the screw 310 and the inner wall thread of the inner bushing 440 maintain the relative position of the stroke mechanism 400 and the screw 310 unchanged through frictional force, and maintain the position stability of the limiting mechanism 200.

[0087] Specifically, when both screws 310 rotate, the limiting shaft 111 limits the inner bushings 440 of the two stroke mechanisms 400 respectively, so that during the rotation of the screw 310, the inner bushings 440 can be limited by the limiting shaft 111 and will not rotate synchronously with the screw 310.

[0088] The threaded portions on the two screws 310 drive the two inner bushings 440 to move along the surfaces of the two screws 310 respectively through the meshing action with the inner wall threads of the two inner bushings 440, achieving the effect of driving the two stroke mechanisms 400 to move along the axis direction of the roller body 100. Combining with the connection relationship between the limiting mechanism 200 and the stroke mechanism 400 through the connecting block 220, the two limiting mechanisms 200 move synchronously with the two stroke mechanisms 400 respectively until the two limiting mechanisms 200 move to specific positions respectively.

[0089] As above, when two of the screws 310 rotate, the positions of the two limiting mechanisms 200 can be adjusted. After the two limiting mechanisms 200 move to specific positions respectively, stop rotating the screw 310. The threaded portion of the screw 310 and the inner wall thread of the inner bushing 440 maintain the relative position of the stroke mechanism 400 and the screw 310 unchanged through frictional force, and maintain the position stability of the limiting mechanism 200.

[0090] It should be noted that during the rotation of the two screws 310, the rotation speeds of the two screws 310 can be the same or different, and the number of rotation turns of the two screws 310 can be the same or different. That is, the moving speeds and moving distances of the stroke mechanism 400 and the limit mechanism 200 driven by the two screws 310 can be the same or different.

[0091] It should be noted that since the outer shaft sleeve 410 can rotate independently relative to the inner shaft sleeve 440, during the process that the outer shaft sleeve 410 can rotate synchronously with the limit mechanism 200, the movement of the inner shaft sleeve 440 can also drive the outer shaft sleeve 410 to move along the axial direction of the screw 310, forming two independent strokes, so that the adjusting mechanism 300 can perform real-time adjustment on the two limit mechanisms 200 during the rotation of the roller body 100.

[0092] It should be noted that please refer to Figure 4 , the adjusting mechanism 300 includes fitting holes 311, and the fitting holes 311 are respectively opened on the end face of the bolt head of the screw 310.

[0093] The fitting holes 311 are used for connecting a rotating tool or a driving mechanism 600 with the adjusting mechanism 300, facilitating the driving of the two screws 310 to rotate, so as to achieve the effect of adjusting the position of the limit mechanism 200.

[0094] The two limit mechanisms 200 respectively partition the surface space of the roller body 100, and adjust the space required for goods transmission. The two limit mechanisms 200 isolate the boundaries of the space required for goods transmission, avoiding the consequences of goods colliding with the edge of the conveyor line or falling off the conveyor line due to the axial slip of the goods along the roller body 100, and ensuring the stability of the transported goods.

[0095] Embodiment 2:

[0096] Please refer to Figure 1 、 Figures 4 to 6 , a power-free roller includes a roller body 100, more than one limit mechanism 200, an adjusting mechanism 300 and more than one stroke mechanism 400.

[0097] Specifically, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 6 , the number of the limit mechanisms 200 is two, and the number of the stroke mechanisms 400 is two.

[0098] Please refer to Figure 4 and Figure 6 , the stroke mechanism 400 is arranged inside the roller body 100, the stroke mechanism 400 is arranged outside the adjusting mechanism 300, and both ends of the adjusting mechanism 300 are respectively rotatably installed inside the positioning bush 110.

[0099] The limiting mechanism 200 is arranged outside the roller body 100, and the limiting mechanism 200 is respectively connected with the stroke mechanism 400, and the adjusting mechanism 300 drives the stroke mechanism 400 to move.

[0100] Specifically, the limiting mechanism 200 is used to divide the surface space of the roller body 100, so as to block the bottom surface of the goods from sliding axially along the roller body 100, adjust the boundary of the space required for goods transmission, and thus limit the goods transmission path to the middle part of the roller body 100, avoiding the consequences that the goods slide axially along the roller body, resulting in the collision of the goods with the edge of the conveyor line or the goods falling off the conveyor line, and ensuring the stability of the transported goods.

[0101] Specifically, the adjusting mechanism 300 is used to respectively adjust the position of the stroke mechanism 400 inside the roller body 100. In cooperation with the connection relationship between the stroke mechanism 400 and the limiting mechanism 200, the position of the limiting mechanism 200 can be synchronously adjusted, so as to adjust the position of the limiting mechanism 200 on the roller body 100 and the distance between the limiting mechanisms 200, so as to meet the limiting requirements of different-sized goods during transmission.

[0102] Specifically, when the stroke mechanism 400 drives the limiting mechanism 200 to move, it also achieves the effect that the limiting mechanism 200 can rotate synchronously with the roller body 100, avoiding the influence of the rotation of the limiting mechanism 200 on the positional relationship between the stroke mechanism 400 and the adjusting mechanism 300 when the roller body 100 drives the limiting mechanism 200 to rotate synchronously.

[0103] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 6 , more than one chute 101 is provided on the surface of the roller body 100. Specifically, the number of chutes 101 is three.

[0104] It should be noted that the chute 101 constructs the connection space between the limiting mechanism 200 and the stroke mechanism 400, so that the limiting mechanism 200 can be connected to the surface of the outer shaft sleeve 410 of the stroke mechanism 400 through the connecting block 220, ensuring that the stroke mechanism 400 can drive the limiting mechanism 200 to move along the surface of the roller body 100.

[0105] Please refer to Figure 4 and Figure 6 , positioning bushings 110 are respectively arranged inside both ends of the roller body 100, and bearings 120 are respectively arranged between the positioning bushings 110 and the inside of both ends of the roller body 100. The bearings 120 are used to achieve the relative rotation between the roller 100 and the positioning bushings 110 and reduce mechanical wear.

[0106] It should be noted that, please refer to Figure 4 andFigure 6 One end of the positioning bushing 110 passing through the outside of the roller body 100 is hexagonal prism-shaped. The positioning bushing 110 serves as the installation part of the roller body 100. The roller body 100 is installed in the roller conveyor line through the positioning bushing 110. After the positioning bushing 110 is installed in the roller conveyor line through the hexagonal prism part, the positioning bushing 110 does not rotate relative to the roller conveyor line, that is, the positioning bushing 110 is in a fixed state, and the roller body 100 rotates relative to the positioning bushing 110 through the bearing 120.

[0107] Please refer to Figure 5 , the stroke mechanism 400 includes an outer bushing 410, more than one ball 420, an inner bushing 440, and more than one limit groove 450.

[0108] Specifically, there are multiple balls 420 and more than two limit grooves 450.

[0109] Please refer to Figure 5 , the inner bushing 440 is located inside the outer bushing 410. The limit grooves 450 are respectively located on the inner wall of the outer bushing 410 and the outer wall of the inner bushing 440, and the balls 420 are respectively arranged inside the limit grooves 450.

[0110] A rotatable member independent of each other is formed between the outer bushing 410 and the inner bushing 440. The balls 420 are used to increase the rotational smoothness between the outer bushing 410 and the inner bushing 440 and reduce mechanical wear. The limit grooves 450 are used to limit the balls 420 and restrict the movement range of the balls 420. At the same time, the limit grooves 450 filled with the balls 420 also play a role in keeping the axial positions of the outer bushing 410 and the inner bushing 440 stable and preventing the problem of disengagement between the outer bushing 410 and the inner bushing 440.

[0111] Specifically, the function of the stroke mechanism 400 is to isolate the synchronous rotation relationship between the limit mechanism 200 and the adjustment mechanism 300. During the rotation of the roller body 100, the limit mechanism 200 rotates synchronously driven by the roller body 100. The limit mechanism 200 has a direct connection relationship only with the outer bushing 410. There are balls 420 between the outer bushing 410 and the inner bushing 440, and the balls 420 rotate in the limit grooves 450, which can achieve the effect that the outer bushing 410 rotates independently relative to the inner bushing 440. It can effectively avoid the influence on the meshing position of the thread part of the inner bushing 440 and the screw 310 when the limit mechanism 200 rotates and keep the position of the limit mechanism 200 stable.

[0112] Please refer to Figure 5 , the stroke mechanism 400 includes more than one limit hole 430. The limit holes 430 are respectively opened inside the inner bushing 440, and both ends of the limit holes 430 penetrate through the two side end faces of the inner bushing 440.

[0113] Specifically, the number of limiting holes 430 on each inner bushing 440 is three.

[0114] One or more limiting shafts 111 are fixedly connected to one end face of the positioning bushing 110 respectively, and the limiting shafts 111 are respectively slidably inserted into the interior of the limiting holes 430.

[0115] The limiting shafts 111 are used to limit the inner bushing 440 to prevent the inner bushing 440 from rotating self - sufficiently. Ensure that when the screw 310 rotates, the inner bushing 440 can only generate axial displacement along the surface of the screw 310, so as to achieve the effect that the stroke mechanism 400 drives the limiting mechanism 200 to move.

[0116] Specifically, the number of limiting shafts 111 is six, and three limiting shafts 111 are fixedly connected to the end face of each positioning bushing 110 respectively.

[0117] It should be noted that one end of the limiting shaft 111 far from the positioning bushing 110 has no connection relationship with the middle support part of the roller body 100.

[0118] Please refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 , the limiting mechanism 200 includes a limiting sleeve 210 and one or more connecting blocks 220. Specifically, three connecting blocks 220 are respectively arranged on the inner wall of each limiting sleeve 210.

[0119] The inner wall of the limiting sleeve 210 is in sliding fit with the outer wall of the roller body 100. The connecting blocks 220 are respectively arranged on the inner wall of the limiting sleeve 210, and the connecting blocks 220 respectively penetrate through the sliding grooves 101 and are connected to the outer wall of the outer bushing 410.

[0120] Specifically, the edge of the limiting sleeve 210 is in a slope shape. The limiting sleeve 210 is used to guide the edge of the goods and separate the peripheral space of the roller body 100, adjust the boundary of the space required for goods transmission. On the one hand, it limits the transmission range of the goods, and on the other hand, it guides the goods into the transmission range, reduces the problem that the goods deviate by crossing the limiting sleeve 210, and further ensures the stability of goods transmission and avoids the problem that the goods move horizontally along the surface of the roller body 100.

[0121] The connecting blocks 220 are used to fixedly connect the limiting mechanism 200 and the stroke mechanism 400, so as to achieve the effect of keeping the limiting mechanism 200 and the stroke mechanism 400 moving synchronously.

[0122] Please refer to Figure 6 , the adjusting mechanism 300 includes a screw 310. There are two threaded parts and two smooth rod parts on the screw 310. The two smooth rod parts are respectively located at both ends of the screw 310, and the two threaded parts are mirror - image distributed, that is, the thread rotation directions of the two threaded parts are opposite.

[0123] It should be noted that the middle part of the screw rod 310 is rotatably installed inside the middle support part of the roller body 100. Secondly, the lengths of the two threaded parts are the same, and the pitches of the two threaded parts are the same.

[0124] The smooth rod parts are respectively rotatably arranged inside the positioning shaft sleeve 110, and the threaded parts are respectively engaged with the inner wall of the stroke mechanism 400.

[0125] Specifically, please refer to Figure 6 , when the screw rod 310 rotates, the two threaded parts of the screw rod 310 rotate synchronously. With the meshing relationship between the threaded part and the inner wall of the inner shaft sleeve 440 and the limiting relationship of the limiting shaft 111 to the inner shaft sleeve 440, when the threaded part rotates, through the screw meshing action, the inner shaft sleeve 440 is driven to move along the surface of the screw rod 310, achieving the effect of driving the stroke mechanism 400 to move along the axis direction of the roller body 100. With the connection relationship between the limiting mechanism 200 and the stroke mechanism 400 through the connecting block 220, the limiting mechanism 200 moves synchronously with the stroke mechanism 400 until the limiting mechanism 200 moves to a specific position.

[0126] When the two limiting mechanisms 200 respectively move to specific positions, stop rotating the screw rod 310. The threads of the threaded part of the screw rod 310 and the inner wall of the inner shaft sleeve 440 keep the relative position of the stroke mechanism 400 and the screw rod 310 unchanged through the friction force, maintaining the position stability of the limiting mechanism 200.

[0127] Since the thread rotation directions of the two threaded parts are opposite, when one screw rod 310 rotates, it can simultaneously drive the two stroke mechanisms 400 to move synchronously closer or farther away, thereby driving the two limiting mechanisms 200 to move synchronously closer or farther away, achieving the effect of synchronously adjusting the distance between the two limiting mechanisms 200.

[0128] It should be noted that since the outer shaft sleeve 410 can rotate independently relative to the inner shaft sleeve 440, when the outer shaft sleeve 410 rotates synchronously with the limiting mechanism 200, the movement of the inner shaft sleeve 440 can also drive the outer shaft sleeve 410 to move along the axis direction of the screw rod 310, forming two independent strokes, so that the adjusting mechanism 300 can perform real-time adjustment on the two limiting mechanisms 200 during the rotation of the roller body 100.

[0129] It should be noted that please refer to Figure 4 , the adjusting mechanism 300 includes fitting holes 311, and the fitting holes 311 are respectively opened on the end face of the bolt head of the screw rod 310.

[0130] The fitting hole 311 is used for connecting the rotating tool or the driving mechanism 600 with the adjusting mechanism 300, facilitating the driving of the two screws 310 to rotate, so as to adjust the position of the limiting mechanism 200.

[0131] The surface space of the roller body 100 is separated by two limiting mechanisms 200 respectively, and the space required for goods transmission is adjusted. The boundaries of the space required for goods transmission are isolated by two limiting mechanisms 200, avoiding the consequences of goods colliding with the edge of the conveyor line or falling off the conveyor line due to the sliding of the goods along the axial direction of the roller body 100, and ensuring the stability of the transported goods.

[0132] Embodiment Three:

[0133] Based on the power-free roller described in Embodiment One, another embodiment is proposed:

[0134] Please refer to Figures 7 to 9 , a roller conveyor line, including more than one power-free roller, a transmission rack 500, and more than one set of driving mechanisms 600.

[0135] Specifically, the power-free roller refers to all the technical features described in Embodiment One.

[0136] Please refer to Figure 7 , the power-free rollers are arranged between the transmission racks 500, the driving mechanisms 600 are arranged inside the transmission racks 500, the number of power-free rollers is multiple and can be adjusted according to the length of the transmission rack 500. At the same time, the distance between the power-free rollers can be adjusted according to the actual use scenario. There are multiple sets of driving mechanisms 600, and the driving mechanisms 600 are respectively arranged inside the transmission racks 500 on both sides of the power-free rollers.

[0137] Please refer to Figure 8 and Figure 9 , one or more positioning holes 501 are respectively opened on the opposite side surfaces of the transmission rack 500, one end of the positioning shaft sleeve 110 is respectively inserted into the positioning holes 501, and the positioning holes 501 are matched with the outer shape of one end of the positioning shaft sleeve 110.

[0138] Specifically, the number of positioning holes 501 on each side of the transmission rack 500 is the same as the number of power-free rollers.

[0139] The driving mechanism 600 drives the screw 310 to rotate, thereby synchronously driving the adjusting mechanisms 300 inside multiple roller bodies 100, realizing the synchronous adjustment of the position of the limiting mechanism 200, effectively improving the efficiency of adjusting the position of the limiting mechanism 200, reducing the manual labor intensity on the one hand, and improving the flexibility and convenience of practical application on the other hand.

[0140] Specifically, please refer toFigure 8 The driving mechanism 600 includes more than one motor 610, more than one driving wheel 620, more than one driven wheel 630, more than one first transmission member 640, and more than one second transmission member 650.

[0141] Please refer to Figure 8 The driving wheel 620 and the driven wheel 630 are both rotatably installed inside the transmission frame 500. The driving wheel 620 is connected to the output end of the motor 610. The driving wheel 620 and the driven wheel 630 are connected by the first transmission member 640, and the driven wheels 630 are connected by the second transmission member 650.

[0142] It should be noted that the first transmission member 640 and the second transmission member 650 are respectively chains. Chain teeth are provided on the surfaces of the driving wheel 620 and the driven wheel 630. Through the engagement between the chain and the chain teeth, the driving wheel 620 can drive the driven wheel 630 to rotate, and multiple driven wheels 630 can rotate synchronously.

[0143] Please refer to Figure 8 and Figure 9 Fitting blocks 631 are respectively provided on one side end faces of the driven wheels 630, and the fitting blocks 631 are respectively inserted into the fitting holes 311.

[0144] Specifically, when the roller body 100 is installed, the roller body 100 is respectively inserted into the positioning holes 501 through the positioning bushings 110 to position the positioning bushings 110. At the same time, the fitting holes 311 on the end face of the adjusting mechanism 300 are combined with the fitting blocks 631 to realize the transmission connection between the power output end of the driving mechanism 600 and the adjusting mechanism 300, so that the driving mechanism 600 can drive the adjusting mechanism 300 to rotate.

[0145] It should be noted that when the transmission frame 500 is relatively long, the driving mechanism 600 provided on the transmission frame 500 may include multiple motors 610 for compensating the driving power.

[0146] Among them, when the driving mechanism 600 equipped with a single transmission frame 500 contains multiple motors 610, there are the following two driving methods.

[0147] The first one: When multiple motors 610 operate synchronously, the screws 310 of multiple adjusting mechanisms 300 close to the driving mechanism 600 can be rotated synchronously, so as to synchronously adjust the movement of the limiting mechanisms 200 on the surfaces of multiple roller bodies 100 close to the driving mechanism 600.

[0148] Second type: When multiple motors 610 operate out of sync, they can drive the rotation of the screw 310 in the adjustment mechanism 300 close to the drive mechanism 600 in segments, thereby adjusting the limit mechanism 200 within the driving range of the motors 610 at different positions on the conveyor line in segments.

[0149] In the actual application process, two sets of drive mechanisms 600 at both ends of the roller body 100 drive the adjustment mechanism 300 to rotate respectively. Each adjustment mechanism 300 contains two screws 310, and the two screws 310 in each adjustment mechanism 300 can be independently driven by the two sets of drive mechanisms 600, achieving the effect that the two limit mechanisms 200 on the surface of each roller body 100 can move relatively independently.

[0150] At the same time, each set of drive mechanisms 600 can adopt the above two drive methods, which can adjust the limit mechanism 200 on the roller bodies 100 at different positions on the roller conveyor line, so that the distances between the limit mechanisms 200 at different positions on the roller conveyor line can be the same or different. Its function is to improve the flexibility of actual application and facilitate conforming to complex goods conveying situations.

[0151] During the use of the roller conveyor line composed of multiple roller bodies 100, the goods slide along the surfaces of the multiple roller bodies 100, and the goods are transported within the range formed between the limit mechanisms 200. The limit mechanism 200 divides the space on the surface of the roller body 100, achieving the effect of blocking the bottom surface of the goods from sliding axially along the roller body 100, thereby restricting the goods transportation path to the middle part of the roller body 100, avoiding the consequences that the goods slide axially along the roller body 100, resulting in the goods colliding with the edge of the conveyor line or the goods falling off the conveyor line, and ensuring the stability of the transported goods.

[0152] Secondly, the limit mechanism 200 can be adjusted by the drive mechanism 600, which has stronger flexibility and is more convenient in actual use.

[0153] Embodiment 4:

[0154] Based on the unpowered roller described in Embodiment 2, another embodiment is proposed:

[0155] Please refer to Figures 8 to 10 , a roller conveyor line, including more than one unpowered roller, a transmission frame 500, and a set of drive mechanisms 600.

[0156] Specifically, the unpowered roller refers to all the technical features described in Embodiment 2.

[0157] Please refer to Figure 10, the idle rollers are arranged between the transmission frames 500, and the driving mechanism 600 is arranged inside the transmission frames 500. The number of idle rollers is multiple and can be adjusted adaptively according to the length of the transmission frames 500. At the same time, the spacing between the idle rollers can be adjusted adaptively according to the actual use scenario. The driving mechanism 600 is in multiple groups, and the driving mechanisms 600 are respectively arranged inside the transmission frames 500 on both sides of the idle rollers.

[0158] Please refer to Figure 8 and Figure 9 , one or more positioning holes 501 are respectively formed on the opposite side surfaces of the transmission frames 500. One end of the positioning bush 110 is respectively inserted into the positioning holes 501, and the positioning holes 501 are matched with the outer shape of one end of the positioning bush 110.

[0159] Specifically, the number of positioning holes 501 on the side of each transmission frame 500 is the same as the number of idle rollers.

[0160] The driving mechanism 600 drives the screw 310 to rotate, thereby synchronously driving the adjusting mechanisms 300 inside the multiple roller bodies 100, realizing synchronous adjustment of the position of the limiting mechanism 200, effectively improving the efficiency of position adjustment of the limiting mechanism 200, reducing the manual labor intensity on the one hand, and improving the practical application flexibility and convenience on the other hand.

[0161] Specifically, please refer to Figure 8 , the driving mechanism 600 includes one or more motors 610, one or more driving wheels 620, one or more driven wheels 630, one or more first transmission components 640 and one or more second transmission components 650.

[0162] Please refer to Figure 8 , the driving wheel 620 and the driven wheel 630 are both rotatably installed inside the transmission frame 500. The driving wheel 620 is connected to the output end of the motor 610. The driving wheel 620 and the driven wheel 630 are connected by the first transmission component 640, and the driven wheels 630 are connected by the second transmission component 650.

[0163] It should be noted that the first transmission component 640 and the second transmission component 650 are respectively chains, and chain teeth are arranged on the surfaces of the driving wheel 620 and the driven wheel 630. Through the meshing between the chain and the chain teeth, the driving wheel 620 can drive the driven wheel 630 to rotate and multiple driven wheels 630 can rotate synchronously.

[0164] Please refer to Figure 8 and Figure 9 , fitting blocks 631 are respectively arranged on one end face of the driven wheel 630, and the fitting blocks 631 are respectively inserted into the fitting holes 311.

[0165] Specifically, when installing the roller body 100, the roller body 100 is respectively inserted into the positioning holes 501 through the positioning bushings 110 to position the positioning bushings 110. At the same time, the fitting hole 311 on the end face of the adjusting mechanism 300 is combined with the fitting block 631 to realize the transmission connection between the power output end of the driving mechanism 600 and the adjusting mechanism 300, so that the driving mechanism 600 can drive the adjusting mechanism 300 to rotate.

[0166] It should be noted that when the transmission frame 500 is relatively long, the driving mechanism 600 provided on the transmission frame 500 may include multiple motors 610 for compensating the driving power.

[0167] Among them, when there are multiple motors 610 in the driving mechanism 600, there are the following two driving methods.

[0168] The first one: When multiple motors 610 operate synchronously, the screws 310 in multiple adjusting mechanisms 300 can be rotated synchronously, so as to synchronously adjust the distance between the two limiting mechanisms 200 on the surfaces of multiple roller bodies 100.

[0169] The second one: When multiple motors 610 operate non-synchronously, the screws 310 in the adjusting mechanism 300 can be driven in segments, so as to adjust the distance between the limiting mechanisms 200 within the driving range of the motors 610 at different positions in the conveying line in segments.

[0170] In the actual application process, a set of driving mechanism 600 drives multiple adjusting mechanisms 300 to rotate. Each adjusting mechanism 300 includes a screw 310, and each screw 310 has two mirror-symmetrical threaded parts. The screw 310 in each adjusting mechanism 300 can be independently driven by the driving mechanism 600, so as to achieve the effect that the two limiting mechanisms 200 on the surface of each roller body 100 can move synchronously.

[0171] At the same time, each set of driving mechanism 600 can adopt the above two driving methods, which can adjust the limiting mechanisms 200 on the roller bodies 100 at different positions on the roller conveyor line, so that the distances between the limiting mechanisms 200 at different positions on the roller conveyor line can be the same or different. Its function is to improve the flexibility of actual application and facilitate conforming to complex cargo conveying situations.

[0172] During the use of a roller conveyor line composed of multiple roller bodies 100, goods slide along the surfaces of the multiple roller bodies 100, and the goods are transported within the range formed between the limiting mechanisms 200. The limiting mechanisms 200 divide the space on the surfaces of the roller bodies 100, achieving the effect of blocking the axial sliding of the bottom surface of the goods along the roller bodies 100, thereby restricting the transportation path of the goods to the middle part of the roller bodies 100, avoiding the axial sliding of the goods along the roller bodies 100, and preventing the consequences of the goods colliding with the edge of the conveyor line or falling off the conveyor line, ensuring the stability of the transported goods.

[0173] Secondly, the limiting mechanism 200 can be adjusted by the driving mechanism 600, with stronger practical flexibility and greater convenience.

[0174] For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of the present invention, the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms. Therefore, from any point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-restrictive. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description. Therefore, all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are intended to be encompassed within the present invention. Any reference signs in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claims involved.

Claims

1. A non-powered roller, characterized in that: It comprises a roller body (100), one or more limiting mechanisms (200), an adjustment mechanism (300) and one or more travel mechanisms (400); The surface of the roller body (100) is provided with at least one slide groove (101), and positioning sleeves (110) are respectively arranged inside the two ends of the roller body (100), and bearings (120) are respectively arranged between the positioning sleeves (110) and the two ends of the roller body (100); The stroke mechanism (400) is arranged inside the roller body (100), the stroke mechanism (400) is arranged outside the adjustment mechanism (300), and both ends of the adjustment mechanism (300) are rotatably mounted inside the positioning sleeve (110) respectively; The limiting mechanism (200) is arranged outside the roller body (100), and the limiting mechanism (200) is respectively connected to the travel mechanism (400), and the adjustment mechanism (300) drives the travel mechanism (400) to move.

2. The unpowered roller according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the positioning sleeve (110) that passes through the outside of the roller body (100) is in the shape of a hexagonal prism.

3. The unpowered roller according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment mechanism (300) comprises two screw rods (310), the axis lines of the two screw rods (310) coincide with each other, the screw rods (310) are respectively provided with a threaded portion and a smooth rod portion, and the two threaded portions are close to each other; The polished rod parts are rotatably arranged inside the positioning sleeve (110), and the threaded parts are respectively engaged with the inner wall of the stroke mechanism (400).

4. The unpowered roller according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment mechanism (300) comprises a screw rod (310), the screw rod (310) being provided with two threaded parts and two smooth rod parts, the two smooth rod parts being respectively located at two ends of the screw rod (310), and the two threaded parts being distributed in a mirror image; The polished rod parts are rotatably arranged inside the positioning sleeve (110), and the threaded parts are respectively engaged with the inner wall of the stroke mechanism (400).

5. The unpowered roller according to any one of claims 3 or 4, characterized in that: The adjustment mechanism (300) comprises an embedding hole (311), and the embedding holes (311) are respectively opened on the end surface of the bolt head of the screw rod (310).

6. The unpowered roller according to any one of claims 3 or 4, characterized in that: The travel mechanism (400) comprises an outer shaft sleeve (410), one or more balls (420), an inner shaft sleeve (440) and one or more limit grooves (450); The inner sleeve (440) is located inside the outer sleeve (410), the limiting grooves (450) are respectively located on the inner wall of the outer sleeve (410) and the outer wall of the inner sleeve (440), and the balls (420) are respectively arranged inside the limiting grooves (450).

7. The unpowered roller according to claim 6, characterized in that: The travel mechanism (400) comprises more than one limiting hole (430), wherein the limiting holes (430) are respectively opened inside the inner shaft sleeve (440), and the two ends of the limiting holes (430) respectively penetrate the two side end surfaces of the inner shaft sleeve (440); One end surface of the positioning sleeve (110) is fixedly connected to one or more limiting shafts (111), and the limiting shafts (111) are slidably inserted into the inside of the limiting hole (430).

8. The unpowered roller according to claim 7, characterized in that: The limiting mechanism (200) comprises a limiting sleeve (210) and one or more connecting blocks (220); The inner wall of the limiting sleeve (210) is slidably fitted with the outer wall of the roller body (100), the connecting blocks (220) are respectively arranged on the inner wall of the limiting sleeve (210), and the connecting blocks (220) respectively penetrate the sliding groove (101) and are connected to the outer wall of the outer shaft sleeve (410).

9. A roller conveyor line using the unpowered rollers according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: It comprises one or more unpowered rollers, a transmission frame (500) and one or more driving mechanisms (600); The unpowered roller is arranged between the transmission frames (500), and the driving mechanism (600) is arranged inside the transmission frames (500); One or more positioning holes (501) are respectively opened on the surfaces of the opposite sides of the transmission frame (500), and the outer ends of the positioning sleeves (110) are respectively inserted into the inner parts of the positioning holes (501), and the positioning holes (501) match the outer shapes of the outer ends of the positioning sleeves (110); The driving mechanism (600) drives the screw rod (310) to rotate.

10. The roller conveyor line according to claim 9, characterized in that: The driving mechanism (600) comprises one or more motors (610), one or more driving wheels (620), one or more driven wheels (630), one or more first transmission components (640) and one or more second transmission components (650); The driving wheel (620) and the driven wheel (630) are both rotatably mounted inside the transmission frame (500), the driving wheel (620) is connected to the output end of the motor (610), the driving wheel (620) and the driven wheel (630) are transmission-connected via a first transmission component (640), and the driven wheels (630) are transmission-connected via a second transmission component (650); The first transmission component (640) and the second transmission component (650) are chains respectively, and the surfaces of the driving wheel (620) and the driven wheel (630) are both provided with sprockets; One side end surface of the driven wheel (630) is respectively provided with an embedding block (631), and the embedding block (631) is respectively inserted into the inside of the embedding hole (311).

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